Wind power-photothermal-photovoltaic integrated energy system

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of solar power generation, in particular to a wind power-photo-thermal-photovoltaic integrated energy system. Comprising a wind power generation mechanism, the wind power generation mechanism comprises a tower, and a generator cabin and wind power blades are arranged at the top of the tower; the photo-thermal power generation mechanism comprises a heat collector installed in the middle of the tower barrel, a plurality of reflectors are arranged on the ground around the tower barrel, and the heat collector receives sunlight focused by the reflectors and heats heat conduction fluid. The photovoltaic power generation mechanism comprises a first photovoltaic cell assembly located on the outer circumferential wall of the tower barrel and a second photovoltaic cell assembly located on the back face of the reflector. The wind power generation mechanism, the photo-thermal power generation mechanism and the photovoltaic power generation mechanism are all connected with the energy management system. According to the utility model, wind power, photo-thermal and photovoltaic are fully combined, the energy utilization efficiency is improved, the power fluctuation is reduced, and the stability and adaptability of the system are enhanced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to solar power generation technical field especially is related to a wind power - photothermal - photovoltaic integrated energy system. BACKGROUND

[0002] Under the background of global energy structure transformation to low carbonization and cleanization, the development and utilization of renewable energy become the key to solve energy crisis and environmental problems. Wind power generation, photovoltaic power generation and photothermal power generation as three main renewable energy technologies have been widely applied in the global range. However, single energy system has certain limitation, which is difficult to meet the demand of large-scale and stable power supply.

[0003] Wind power generation has been widely promoted in the global range due to its mature technology and low unit cost. However, its power generation capacity is greatly affected by wind speed fluctuation, especially under low wind speed or extreme weather conditions, the power generation power decreases greatly, leading to difficult grid dispatching. Photovoltaic power generation technology has developed rapidly in recent years, and the conversion efficiency of photovoltaic components has been continuously improved. In particular, the breakthrough of 30% efficiency in perovskite / silicon laminated photovoltaic technology has become an important direction of high-efficiency photovoltaic power generation. However, photovoltaic power generation is greatly affected by day-night changes and weather conditions, and has intermittent and fluctuating problems. In comparison, photothermal power generation (CSP) has good energy storage capacity and can continuously supply power under no light conditions through molten salt heat storage technology, but its construction cost is high and it requires strict sunlight conditions, mainly suitable for high radiation areas. In addition, traditional photothermal power stations usually need large area of land to deploy mirrors and tower heat collectors, resulting in low unit land utilization.

[0004] At present, wind power, photovoltaic and photothermal systems usually operate independently, each having fluctuation problems, which brings challenges to the stability of power grid. In recent years, some researches have proposed wind-solar complementary system or photothermal-photovoltaic coupling system to improve energy utilization efficiency. For example, wind power-photovoltaic complementary power generation system improves the stability of power generation through the complementary characteristics of wind power and photovoltaic, but still has the problem of wind and light fluctuation, and the energy storage cost is high. Photovoltaic-photothermal coupling system uses photothermal energy storage to improve power supply stability, but the system design is complex and cannot solve the problem of wind power fluctuation. Therefore, how to efficiently integrate wind power, photovoltaic and photothermal three kinds of renewable energy to form a stable, efficient and economic energy system is one of the important research directions in the field of new energy at present. INVENTION CONTENTS

[0005] The utility model aims at providing a kind of wind power-photothermal-photovoltaic integrated energy system, which combines wind power, photothermal and photovoltaic, can improve energy utilization efficiency, reduce power fluctuation, enhance the stability and adaptability of system.

[0006] The utility model provides a kind of wind power-photothermal-photovoltaic integrated energy system, including wind power generation mechanism, photovoltaic power generation mechanism and photothermal power generation mechanism;

[0007] The wind power generation mechanism includes tower drum, the tower drum top is equipped with generator cabin and wind power blade, the generator cabin inside is equipped with generator, and the wind power blade is connected with the generator;

[0008] The photothermal power generation mechanism includes heat collector installed in the middle of the tower drum, multiple support frames are equipped on the ground around the tower drum, the support frame is equipped with reflector, and the heat collector is connected with heat storage equipment or heat exchanger through medium delivery pipeline;

[0009] The photovoltaic power generation mechanism includes first photovoltaic cell assembly located on the outer peripheral wall of the tower drum and second photovoltaic cell assembly located on the back of the reflector;

[0010] The wind power generation mechanism, the photothermal power generation mechanism and the photovoltaic power generation mechanism are connected with energy management system.

[0011] Further, the heat collector is also connected with return pipeline, and the return pipeline is connected with the heat storage equipment or the heat exchanger.

[0012] Further, it further includes cooling and heat dissipation system, and the cooling and heat dissipation system includes the ventilation opening reserved at the top and bottom of the tower drum and the liquid cooling system arranged in the generator cabin.

[0013] Further, the support frame is tracking photovoltaic support, and the light receiving surface of the reflector is arranged opposite to the light receiving surface of the second photovoltaic cell assembly.

[0014] Further, the support frame includes bottom plate, two vertical columns are symmetrically arranged on the top of the bottom plate, the vertical column top is equipped with fixed plate, the fixed plate is equipped with driving motor, the output shaft of the driving motor is fixedly connected with connecting plate, square frame is fixed between two connecting plates, and the reflector and the second photovoltaic cell assembly are installed on the square frame.

[0015] Further, the second photovoltaic cell assembly sequentially includes phase change material layer, heat conduction layer and photovoltaic cell from top to bottom.

[0016] Further, the phase change material layer includes packaging plate, the packaging plate is equipped with honeycomb structure composed of multiple hexagonal grids closely arranged, and the hexagonal grid is equipped with phase change material inside.

[0017] The honeycomb structure is embedded with micro-channels, the packaging plate is provided with a cooling medium inlet and a cooling medium outlet connected with the micro-channels, and the cooling medium inlet and the cooling medium outlet are respectively connected with the liquid cooling device.

[0018] Further, the second photovoltaic cell assembly further comprises a temperature control adjustment system, the temperature control adjustment system comprises a temperature sensor, an infrared thermal imaging sensor and a controller, the photovoltaic cell and the phase change material layer are both provided with the temperature sensor, the surface of the photovoltaic cell is provided with the infrared thermal imaging sensor, and the temperature sensor and the infrared thermal imaging sensor are both connected with the controller, and the controller is connected with the liquid cooling device.

[0019] Further, the phase change material layer comprises a heat-conducting base material, a plurality of microcapsules are arranged in the heat-conducting base material, and a phase change material is arranged in the microcapsules.

[0020] Further, the phase change material layer comprises an encapsulation groove made of stainless steel or aluminum alloy, a cavity is arranged in the encapsulation groove, the cavity is filled with the phase change material, and a corrugated structure or a fin structure is arranged on the side wall of the cavity.

[0021] In summary, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0022] The system provided by the utility model integrates photovoltaic cells and light-heat collectors on a wind power tower drum, improves the power generation capacity per unit area, installs the collector on the tower drum, combines with a ground mirror, improves the light-heat conversion efficiency, integrates photovoltaic cell assemblies on the back of the mirror, and can be used for photovoltaic power generation without light-heat reflection.

[0023] Compared with a traditional single wind power or light-heat power generation system, the wind power-light-heat-photovoltaic integrated energy system has significant advantages in energy comprehensive utilization, power generation efficiency and system stability, breaks through the limitation of the traditional single energy system through efficient integration of wind power, light-heat and photovoltaic, improves the energy comprehensive utilization efficiency, reduces power fluctuation, enhances system adaptability and reliability, and has wide popularization value in new energy application scenarios such as western deserts, plateaus and coastal areas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the specific embodiments or the prior art description, and obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the utility model, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creating creative labor.

[0025] Figure 1It is a structure schematic view of the wind power-optical heat-photovoltaic integrated energy system in the embodiment 1 of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a structure schematic view of the tower drum in the embodiment 1 of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a structure schematic view of the support frame in the embodiment 2 of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a sectional view of the square frame in the embodiment 3 of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a structure schematic view of the phase change material layer in the embodiment 3 of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a structure schematic view of the phase change material layer in the embodiment 5 of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 7 It is a structure schematic view of the phase change material layer in the embodiment 6 of the utility model.

[0032] Mark 1-tower drum; 101-generator cabin; 102-cable passage; 103-vent; 2-heat collector; 201-medium delivery pipeline; 202-backflow pipeline; 3-wind power blade; 4-first photovoltaic cell assembly; 5-reflector; 6-second photovoltaic cell assembly; 601-phase change material layer; 6011-encapsulation board; 6012-hexagonal grid; 6013-microchannel; 6014-cooling medium inlet; 6015-cooling medium outlet; 6016-heat-conducting base material; 6017-microcapsule; 6018-encapsulation groove; 6019-fins; 602-heat-conducting layer; 603-photovoltaic cell; 7-support frame; 701-bottom plate; 702-stand column; 703-fixing plate; 704-driving motor; 705-connecting plate; 706-square frame; 707-electric telescopic rod; 708-plate; 8-high-temperature heat storage tank; 9-low-temperature heat storage tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical scheme of the utility model will be described below in conjunction with the embodiments, obviously, the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by the person skilled in the art without making creative labor belong to the protection scope of the utility model.

[0034] In the description of the utility model, it is understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like is the orientation or positional relationship shown based on the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the utility model.

[0035] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the utility model, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more than two, unless otherwise specifically limited. In addition, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection" should be broadly understood, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the communication between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0036] Embodiment 1

[0037] A wind power-photothermal-photovoltaic integrated energy system, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , comprising a wind power generation mechanism, a photovoltaic power generation mechanism and a photothermal power generation mechanism, the wind power generation mechanism, the photothermal power generation mechanism and the photovoltaic power generation mechanism are connected with an energy management system, and the wind power, the photothermal and the photovoltaic power generation equipment are controlled by the control algorithm of the energy management system.

[0038] The wind power generation mechanism comprises a tower drum 1, the top of the tower drum 1 is provided with a generator cabin 101 and a wind power blade 3, the inside of the generator cabin 101 is provided with a generator, and the wind power blade 3 is connected with the generator. The generator cabin 101 and the wind power blade 3 and the connecting mode therebetween provided in the embodiment are all conventional technical means in the art. The inside of the tower drum 1 is provided with a cable passage 102, and the inside of the cable passage 102 is provided with a cable to avoid external weathering damage.

[0039] The photo-thermal power generation mechanism includes a heat collector 2 installed in the middle of the tower drum 1 at a distance from the top generator cabin 101 to reduce the shadow blocking when the fan rotates. A plurality of support frames 7 are arranged on the ground around the tower drum 1, and a reflecting mirror 5 is arranged on the support frame 7. The heat collector 2 is connected with a heat storage device or a heat exchanger through a medium conveying pipeline 201. The heat collector 2 receives the sunlight focused by the reflecting mirror 5 and heats the heat-conducting fluid. The heated heat-conducting fluid is transported to the heat storage device or the heat exchanger. The heat collector 2 is also connected with a return pipeline 202 connected with the heat storage device or the heat exchanger. The cooled heat-conducting fluid is transported to the heat collector 2 through the return pipeline 202 for the next round of heating. The medium conveying pipeline 201 and the return pipeline 202 are located inside the tower drum 1 and are arranged separately from the cable channel 102 to prevent thermal influence. At the same time, the cable channel 102 adopts a fireproof and high-temperature resistant sheath to avoid contact with high-temperature pipelines.

[0040] The heat storage device is a device commonly used in the art in cooperation with the heat collector 2, such as including a high-temperature heat storage tank 8 and a low-temperature heat storage tank 9. The medium conveying pipeline 201 is connected with the high-temperature heat storage tank 8, and the return pipeline 202 is connected with the low-temperature heat storage tank 9.

[0041] The heat collector 2 adopts a spiral heat collector pipe or a heat absorption tower (such as an absorption pipe bundle) to improve the heat efficiency. The pipe surface of the heat collector 2 is coated with a high-selectivity absorption coating (such as a Mo-Al2O3 nano coating) to maximize the absorption of visible light and near-infrared light while reducing heat radiation loss. The heat-conducting fluid adopts molten salt (NaNO3-KNO3 eutectic) or supercritical CO2 as the heat-conducting fluid to improve the heat storage capacity and heat conversion efficiency.

[0042] The medium conveying pipeline 201 and the return pipeline 202 adopt a double-layer pipeline structure to prevent heat loss and pipeline damage. High-temperature-resistant alloys (such as Hastelloy or Inconel) are used in the high-temperature zone (≧500℃). Stainless steel pipelines are used in the medium-temperature zone. The medium conveying pipeline 201 and the return pipeline 202 are externally provided with heat insulation measures. The pipe body is externally wrapped with a ceramic fiber heat insulation layer to reduce heat loss.

[0043] The ground reflecting mirror 5 is arranged in a multi-angle adjustable array layout. The layout can be intelligently adjusted according to the angle of the sun to ensure that the light is maximally reflected to the heat collector 2. The reflecting mirror 5 adopts a glass mirror or an aluminum alloy mirror surface with a high-reflectivity silver-based coating to reduce energy loss. A self-cleaning nano coating is arranged on the surface of the reflecting mirror 5 to reduce the accumulation of sand and dust and improve long-term stability.

[0044] In order to support the wind power equipment and the photo-thermal equipment, a high-strength support structure is arranged in the tower drum 1. The tower drum 1 adopts high-strength steel or carbon fiber reinforced composite material (CFRP) to ensure lightweight and high bearing capacity. A corrosion-resistant coating is arranged on the outside of the tower drum 1 to avoid damage caused by molten salt gas or high-temperature oxidation.

[0045] The heat collector 2 is mounted on the tower drum 1 by a support, an annular platform can be arranged outside the tower drum 1 to support the support, the support in the embodiment adopts an adjustable support for mounting the heat collector in the prior art, the angle of the heat collector is controlled by the adjustable support to optimize the heat absorption efficiency, and meanwhile an angle sensor is mounted on the adjustable support to measure the angle of the heat collector 2. The support can also adopt a high-temperature heat-resistant support structure (such as ceramic fiber + metal frame) to reduce the influence of thermal stress.

[0046] The photovoltaic power generation mechanism comprises a first photovoltaic cell assembly 4 located on the outer peripheral wall of the tower drum 1 and a second photovoltaic cell assembly 6 located on the back of the reflector 5, and the reflector 5 is used for reflecting sunlight to the heat collector 2 or the first photovoltaic cell assembly 4. The first photovoltaic assembly 4 comprises a plurality of photovoltaic cells, and the photovoltaic cells adopt flexible photovoltaic assemblies (such as perovskite / silicon laminated solar cells, CIGS thin film cells), which can adapt to the arc surface of the tower drum 1.

[0047] A third photovoltaic cell assembly can also be attached to the surface of the wind power blade 3, and the third photovoltaic cell assembly adopts a high-efficiency flexible photovoltaic cell, such as a perovskite solar cell, a silicon solar cell or a perovskite / silicon laminated solar cell, and meanwhile adopts a transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layer and an ultraviolet aging-resistant package to improve the service life of the second photovoltaic cell assembly 6 in a severe wind environment. The photovoltaic cell assembly is integrated on the surface of the wind power blade 3, and the sunlight radiation at different angles in the rotating process of the blade is fully utilized to improve the photovoltaic power generation capacity.

[0048] The support frame 7 adopts a tracking photovoltaic support in the prior art, and in the embodiment, a two-axis tracking support frame is adopted, which has two rotating shafts in two directions, allowing the reflector 5 to rotate freely in the vertical (pitch angle) and horizontal (azimuth angle) directions, so that the reflector 5 can simultaneously track the sunlight in the azimuth angle and the height angle, thereby keeping the reflector 5 perpendicular to the sunlight. The utility model improves the prior art of the tracking photovoltaic support and the photovoltaic cell installation, and the reflector 5 is arranged on the installation frame of the photovoltaic cell, so that the reflector 5 and the second photovoltaic cell assembly 6 are arranged in the installation frame from top to bottom, the light receiving surface of the reflector 5 is arranged opposite to the light receiving surface of the second photovoltaic cell assembly 6, the photovoltaic unit is integrated on the back of the reflector 5, and the photovoltaic unit can be used for photovoltaic power generation when there is no light-heat reflection.

[0049] The tracking photovoltaic support is connected with a control system, the control system calculates the azimuth angle and the height angle of the sun, thereby controlling the tracking photovoltaic support to adjust the inclination angle of the reflector 5, so that the sunlight is accurately focused on the heat collector 2.

[0050] When the sunlight is strong during the day, the reflector 5 focuses the sunlight to the heat collector 2. The control system calculates the solar azimuth and altitude angles and controls the tracking photovoltaic support to adjust the angle of the reflector 5, so that the sunlight reflected by the reflector 5 is accurately focused on the heat collector 2 in the middle of the tower 1, improving the light-heat conversion efficiency. Due to the constant change of the sun angle, the control system will adjust the angle of the reflector 5 in real time to ensure that the sunlight is maximally reflected to the target area.

[0051] When the light-heat load is saturated or not needed, switch to photovoltaic mode, adjust the inclination angle of the reflector 5, so that the second photovoltaic cell assembly 6 directly absorbs sunlight to generate electricity.

[0052] Calculate the optimal angle θ of the reflector 5 m , Where θ s is the angle of incidence of the sun, and θ t is the angle between the line connecting the heat collector 2 and the reflector 5 and the horizontal line.

[0053] The tracking photovoltaic support can automatically adjust the inclination angle of the reflector 5 and the second photovoltaic cell assembly 6 to maximize the photovoltaic power generation and light-heat efficiency. Wind speed and direction sensors can also be installed on the support 7 to detect wind speed and direction, and to optimize the inclination angle of the reflector 5 under strong wind conditions. When the wind speed is low (< 15 m / s), the reflector 5 operates normally and adjusts the angle in real time to optimize the use of light energy. When the wind speed is medium (15 m / s-25 m / s), the angle of the reflector 5 is reduced to be parallel to the wind direction, reducing the wind load. When the wind speed is too high (> 25 m / s), the reflector 5 is folded or attached to the ground / tower and locked to prevent damage from wind.

[0054] The power dispatching system of photovoltaic, wind power and light-heat adopts intelligent power converter (PCS) to realize dynamic adjustment of wind power, photovoltaic and light-heat power output, and high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission system to reduce transmission loss.

[0055] At the same time, a cooling and heat dissipation system is also provided. Due to the heat of the wind turbine generator and the high temperature of the heat collector 2 inside the tower 1, a heat dissipation system is needed. Natural convection cooling: air vents 103 are reserved at the top and bottom of the tower 1 to form air convection and reduce the internal temperature. Active cooling system: a liquid cooling system is configured inside the generator cabin 101 to transfer excess heat to the outside of the tower 1.

[0056] When designing and manufacturing, a maintenance channel needs to be designed inside the tower 1 to facilitate the entry of maintenance personnel. A vertical ladder with a lifting platform can be installed inside the tower 1 for high-level equipment maintenance. Multiple maintenance openings are provided on the side wall of the tower 1 to facilitate the maintenance of the light-heat system and the wind turbine generator.

[0057] The ground mirror field of the light-thermal power generation mechanism provided by the embodiment adopts a reflector with a dynamically adjustable reflection angle, and combines a photovoltaic power generation unit to form an efficient light energy utilization system. The core goal is to improve the light condensation capacity of the light-thermal system and ensure that the heat collector can obtain the best light at different solar elevation angles; to improve the photovoltaic power generation efficiency of the tower drum surface and dynamically adjust the light distribution through the adjustable reflector; to intelligently adjust the reflection angle of the mirror surface to avoid the influence of extreme weather such as strong wind and improve the reliability and durability of the system; when the temperature of the heat collector is too high (such as >600℃), the reflector is adjusted to the photovoltaic mode to prevent overheating damage; when the photovoltaic energy storage is full, the system is switched to the light-thermal mode to improve the heat utilization rate.

[0058] The wind power-light-thermal-photovoltaic integrated energy system provided by the embodiment is suitable for large wind farms and can be applied in areas with rich wind resources and high light intensity, such as the northwest desert and plateau regions. It can also be used in hybrid energy power stations and is suitable for areas with rich wind and solar energy resources, such as Xinjiang, Qinghai, and Tibet.

[0059] Embodiment 2

[0060] A wind power-light-thermal-photovoltaic integrated energy system, the technical solution in the embodiment is basically the same as that in embodiment 1, except that the support frame 7 in the embodiment is different from that in embodiment 1.

[0061] As shown in Figure 3 , the support frame 7 in the embodiment includes a bottom plate 701, which is fixed to the ground by bolts. Two vertical columns 702 are symmetrically fixed to the top of the bottom plate 701. A fixed plate 703 is fixed to the top of the vertical column 702. A drive motor 704 is fixed to the fixed plate 703. The output shaft of the drive motor 704 is fixedly connected with a connecting plate 705. A square frame 706 is fixed between the two connecting plates 705. A reflector 5 and a second photovoltaic cell assembly 6 are installed on the square frame 706. The drive motor 704 is connected with a control system. When in use, the drive motor 704 is started to drive the connecting plate 705 and the square frame 706 to rotate, and at the same time, the second photovoltaic cell assembly 6 and the reflector 5 also rotate. The support frame 7 provided in the embodiment can make the reflector 5 and the second photovoltaic cell assembly 6 rotate by 360°.

[0062] An angle sensor is installed on the output shaft of the drive motor 704 and connected with the control system. The angle sensor can directly and accurately measure the rotation angle of the output shaft of the motor, and thus accurately know the rotation angle of the connecting plate 705, the square frame 706, and the reflector 5 and the second photovoltaic cell assembly 6 installed thereon. This can provide accurate angle feedback information for the control system and help to achieve accurate angle control and adjustment.

[0063] The light sensor is mounted on the square frame 706 and connected with the control system to detect the intensity and direction of sunlight in real time and transmit the detected signals to the control system; the control system is electrically connected with the driving motor 704, calculates the direction of the maximum sunlight intensity according to the signals transmitted by the light sensor, and controls the driving motor 704 to rotate.

[0064] The control system receives the angle data from the angle sensor and the sunlight intensity and direction data from the light sensor, analyzes the data of the light sensor, determines the direction of the maximum sunlight intensity by using a preset algorithm, compares the current angle provided by the angle sensor with the calculated optimal angle, and obtains the direction and angle that the driving motor 704 needs to rotate. The control system sends control instructions to the driving motor 704 according to the analysis result, and the instructions contain information such as the rotation direction (clockwise or counterclockwise) and the rotation angle. The driving motor 704 rotates according to the received instructions, driving the connecting plate 705, the square frame 706, the reflector 5 and the second photovoltaic cell assembly 6 to rotate.

[0065] A supporting plate 708 perpendicular to the square frame 706 is arranged below the square frame 706, and electric telescopic rods 707 are arranged at the bottom of the two ends of the supporting plate 708, respectively. The bottom of the electric telescopic rod 707 is fixedly connected with the bottom plate 701, and the electric telescopic rod 707 is connected with the control system. When the wind speed is too large, the height of the two electric telescopic rods 707 can be adjusted by the control system to make the supporting plate 708 fit the bottom of the square frame 706 to provide a supporting point and protect the reflector 5 and the second photovoltaic cell assembly 6.

[0066] Embodiment 3

[0067] A wind power-light heat-photovoltaic integrated energy system, the technical solution in the embodiment is basically the same as that in embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, and the difference lies in that the structure of the second photovoltaic cell assembly 6 is different.

[0068] The second photovoltaic cell assembly 6 in the embodiment integrates high-efficiency phase change heat storage materials, combines with a temperature control and regulation system, adjusts the temperature of the photovoltaic assembly during operation, improves the photovoltaic power generation efficiency, and optimizes the light-heat conversion efficiency.

[0069] As shown in Figure 4 The second photovoltaic cell assembly 6 includes, from top to bottom, a phase change material layer 601, a heat conduction layer 602 and a photovoltaic cell 603, wherein the phase change material layer 601 is located at the bottom of the reflector 5.

[0070] The photovoltaic cell 603 adopts a high-efficiency flexible perovskite photovoltaic cell or an HJT heterojunction photovoltaic cell or a perovskite / silicon laminated solar cell, and has high conversion efficiency. The photovoltaic cell 603 absorbs ultraviolet-visible light for photoelectric conversion and transfers part of the heat to the back plate.

[0071] The heat conduction layer 602 employs highly thermally conductive composite materials (such as graphene coating, copper-aluminum composite plate, and heat pipe structure) to improve heat transfer efficiency and ensure uniform temperature across all parts of the photovoltaic cell 603. Its function is to act as a thermal buffer layer, rapidly and evenly transferring excess heat to the phase change material layer 601 to prevent localized hotspots. When the phase change material releases heat, it can be transferred back to the photovoltaic cell 603 through this layer.

[0072] like Figure 5 As shown, the phase change material layer 601 is encapsulated in a honeycomb structure, including an aluminum alloy encapsulation plate 6011. The encapsulation plate 6011 has a honeycomb structure composed of multiple tightly arranged hexagonal grids 6012. The phase change material is placed inside the hexagonal grids 6012, and the high specific surface area of ​​the honeycomb structure is used to improve the thermal conductivity. The aperture of the hexagonal grids 6012 is 2-10mm, the wall thickness is 0.05-0.2mm, and the height is 5-20mm.

[0073] Phase change materials can be inorganic salt phase change materials (such as NaNO3-KNO3 eutectic salt, melting point 220-250℃, suitable for high temperature photovoltaic-solar thermal power plants) or organic paraffin (melting point 50-80℃, suitable for medium and low temperature photovoltaic systems) or metal-based phase change materials (Ga-Sn eutectic, melting point 30-150℃, suitable for high efficiency heat conduction requirements).

[0074] The encapsulation board 6011 is made of aerospace-grade aluminum alloy (such as 6061-T6, with a thermal conductivity of 180-220W / m·K), which has high thermal conductivity, enhances heat dissipation, and is fixedly connected to the back of the reflector 5 and the heat conduction layer 602.

[0075] The top and bottom of the 6011 package board are respectively provided with interface thermal conductive layers. The interface thermal conductive layers use graphene-reinforced thermal grease to improve thermal conduction efficiency.

[0076] The honeycomb structure is embedded with microchannels 6013, which have a diameter of 0.5-2mm. The microchannels 6013 penetrate all hexagonal grids 6012, and the phase change material inside each hexagonal grid 6012 is in contact with the microchannels 6013. The encapsulation plate 6011 is provided with a cooling medium inlet 6014 and a cooling medium outlet 6015 connected to the microchannels 6013. A liquid cooling device is installed on the outer wall of the square frame 706. The cooling medium inlet 6014 and the cooling medium outlet 6015 penetrate the side wall of the square frame 706 and are connected to the liquid cooling device to form a liquid cooling or cavity cooling auxiliary system. The liquid cooling device adopts the liquid cooling device components commonly used in the battery field.

[0077] The functions and characteristics of the phase change material layer in this embodiment are as follows:

[0078] High thermal conductivity: The thermal conductivity of the aluminum alloy honeycomb structure is as high as 180-220 W / m·K, which greatly improves the heat exchange efficiency of the phase change material.

[0079] Lightweight design: The honeycomb structure reduces the overall weight without affecting the assembly mounting strength.

[0080] The temperature control and adjustment system includes temperature sensors, infrared thermal imaging sensors, a controller, and temperature sensors are provided on the light receiving surface, back surface of the photovoltaic cell 603 and the phase change material layer 601 to monitor the temperature distribution in real time; an infrared thermal imaging sensor is mounted on the surface of the photovoltaic cell 603 to detect the heat distribution on the surface of the photovoltaic cell 603 to prevent local overheating. The temperature sensor and the infrared thermal imaging sensor are connected to the controller, which uses an embedded micro control unit (MCU, such as STM32) to process temperature data and link with the liquid cooling device, combined with AI temperature prediction algorithm, based on environmental temperature, solar radiation intensity, historical data for intelligent adjustment, improve cooling efficiency.

[0081] Embodiment 4

[0082] A wind power-photothermal-photovoltaic integrated energy system, the technical solution in the embodiment is basically the same as that in embodiment 3, the difference is that the packaging method of the phase change material layer 601 in the embodiment is different.

[0083] The phase change material layer 601 in the embodiment is packaged with a flexible coating, which includes a phase change material mixed with a heat-conducting silicone gel and directly coated on the back surface of the reflector 5 or the heat-conducting layer 602.

[0084] The phase change material uses an organic phase change material (such as polyethylene glycol, melting point 60-90℃).

[0085] The heat-conducting silicone gel uses carbon nanotube / boron nitride / graphene-filled silicone gel to improve the thermal conductivity to 10-15 W / m·K.

[0086] The coating thickness of the phase change material layer 601 is 1-3 mm, which is uniformly coated to ensure good thermal contact.

[0087] The functions and characteristics of the phase change material layer provided in the embodiment are as follows:

[0088] Flexible packaging: suitable for flexible photovoltaic modules or arc-shaped trough-type photothermal mirrors.

[0089] Easy to integrate: can be sprayed or scraped, easy to construct.

[0090] The micro-channel design in the phase change material layer in the embodiment can refer to embodiment 3, or other structures for phase change material cooling in the existing battery field can be used as needed.

[0091] Embodiment 5

[0092] A wind power-photothermal-photovoltaic integrated energy system, the technical solution in the embodiment is basically consistent with that in Embodiment 3, and the difference lies in that the encapsulation manner of the phase change material layer 601 in the embodiment is different.

[0093] As shown in Figure 6 , the phase change material layer 601 in the embodiment is encapsulated in a microcapsule structure, including a heat-conducting substrate 6016, a plurality of microcapsules 6017 are arranged in the heat-conducting substrate 6016, and a phase change material is arranged in the microcapsules 6017.

[0094] The material of the microcapsules 6017 is polyurea or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), which is resistant to temperature >200℃ and chemically stable. The diameter of the microcapsules 6017 is 5-50μm.

[0095] The phase change material is one of paraffin, fatty acid and metal salt hydrate (melting point 40-90℃).

[0096] The heat-conducting substrate is one of heat-conducting silicone grease and liquid metal (such as Ga-In alloy, thermal conductivity >40W / m·K).

[0097] The microchannel design in the phase change material layer in the embodiment can refer to Embodiment 3, or other structures for phase change material cooling in the existing battery field can be used as needed.

[0098] The functions and characteristics of the phase change material layer provided in the embodiment are as follows:

[0099] Super-high specific surface area: fast phase change rate, response time <10s.

[0100] Enhanced durability: microencapsulation prevents leakage of the phase change material, and the service life can reach more than 10 years.

[0101] The phase change material layer provided in the embodiment is also applicable to small photovoltaic-photothermal integrated components, such as portable solar power generation equipment, vehicle-mounted photovoltaic cooling systems, etc.

[0102] Embodiment 6

[0103] A wind power-photothermal-photovoltaic integrated energy system, the technical solution in the embodiment is basically consistent with that in Embodiment 3, and the difference lies in that the encapsulation manner of the phase change material layer 601 in the embodiment is different.

[0104] As shown in Figure 7As shown, the phase change material layer 601 in the embodiment adopts a packaging groove package, including a packaging groove 6018 made of stainless steel or aluminum alloy material, a cavity is arranged inside the packaging groove 6018, the cavity is filled with a phase change material, and a corrugated structure or fin structure is arranged on the side wall of the cavity; the corrugated structure or fin structure is adopted to increase the heat exchange area and improve the phase change rate. The thickness of the cavity is 10-30 mm (adjusted according to the power demand of the photovoltaic system), and the fin 6019 is arranged at a spacing of 2-5 mm (optimizing the heat exchange efficiency) when the fin structure is adopted.

[0105] The packaging groove 6018 is made of 304 / 316L stainless steel (high corrosion resistance) or aluminum alloy (high thermal conductivity).

[0106] The phase change material adopts a metal-based phase change material (such as gallium-indium-tin alloy, melting point 30-150 DEG C) or a salt hydrate (such as LiNO3-KNO3 eutectic salt, melting point 200-250 DEG C). The filling amount of the phase change material in the cavity is 60%-80% of the volume of the cavity (leaving an expansion space to prevent the structure from being broken).

[0107] The fin structure is made of copper, aluminum or graphene reinforced composite material to improve the thermal conductivity.

[0108] The sealing mode of the phase change material adopts argon arc welding sealing to prevent the phase change material from leaking, and the outer surface is coated with a corrosion-resistant coating (such as PTFE or ceramic coating).

[0109] The microchannel design in the phase change material layer in the embodiment can refer to embodiment 3, or other structures of the existing phase change material cooling in the battery field can be adopted according to the needs.

[0110] The functions and characteristics of the phase change material layer provided in the embodiment are as follows:

[0111] High-efficiency heat exchange: the fin or wave structure is used to improve the heat exchange efficiency, and the heat exchange rate is increased by 30-50%.

[0112] High strength: suitable for high temperature and high pressure environment, and can be used in a trough type photothermal power generation system.

[0113] The phase change material layer provided in the embodiments 3-6 has the following advantages:

[0114] I. Improve the efficiency of the second photovoltaic cell module, maintain the photovoltaic module temperature at the optimal working temperature (25-40 DEG C), reduce the efficiency loss caused by high temperature, and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency by 3-7%.

[0115] II. Improve the energy utilization rate, dynamically adjust the heat dissipation mode through the temperature control adjustment system, reduce unnecessary energy loss, and increase the photovoltaic-photothermal comprehensive energy utilization rate to more than 85%.

[0116] In the photovoltaic-photothermal collaborative temperature control regulation system, the packaging mode of the phase change cooling material directly affects its heat conduction performance, thermal stability and long-term service life. In combination with the working environment of the photovoltaic module and the photothermal system, the utility model provides four kinds of packaging modes for selection, each scheme has different structural characteristics, material selection and application scene, different packaging modes are suitable for different scenes, and the appropriate scheme should be selected according to the specific requirement, the honeycomb structure and the packaging groove are suitable for high-temperature photothermal power station, and the microcapsule structure packaging and flexible coating packaging are suitable for low-temperature photovoltaic application.

[0117] The utility model in relation to the deficiency of the existing wind power and photothermal power generation system provides the energy system and the main technical problems solved include:

[0118] I. The resource waste problem of traditional wind power tower and photothermal tower

[0119] Existing problems: the wind power tower and the photothermal tower are usually constructed independently, and each occupies land, material and installation cost, resulting in low resource utilization efficiency.

[0120] The solution of the utility model: the wind power tower and the photothermal tower are combined into one, so that the wind power tower is used as the support structure of photothermal power generation at the same time, thereby saving land and construction cost and improving space utilization.

[0121] II. The collaborative power generation problem of wind power, photovoltaic and photothermal

[0122] Existing problems: the traditional wind power system only depends on wind energy, is greatly affected by wind speed fluctuation, and leads to unstable power generation output. Photovoltaic and photothermal power generation need additional structural support and occupy additional space.

[0123] The solution of the utility model: the wind power and photovoltaic are integrated, the photovoltaic cell is integrated on the surface of the tower, the existing structure of the wind power system is fully utilized, and the overall power generation efficiency is improved; the wind power and photothermal are integrated, the heat collector is integrated in the middle of the tower, and the ground reflector is combined, so that the wind energy and photothermal collaborative power generation are realized, and the energy utilization rate and output stability are enhanced.

[0124] The utility model provides a kind of wind power-photothermal-photovoltaic integrated energy system, compared with traditional single wind power or photothermal power generation system, it has remarkable advantages in energy comprehensive utilization, power generation efficiency and system stability.The system is integrated with photovoltaic cell and photothermal collector on wind power tower drum, improves the power generation capacity per unit area, so that the energy output density under the same land area is increased by more than 40%.In addition, the power generation of traditional wind power system is greatly affected by wind speed change, while the system combines solar photovoltaic and photothermal power generation technology, so that it can still use solar energy to generate power continuously under low wind speed or windless conditions, improving the stability of power output.Under the condition that wind speed is less than 3m / s (the fan cannot be driven), photovoltaic and photothermal system can still provide more than 40% of additional power, and through photothermal energy storage technology, stable heat energy output can be provided continuously for 6-8 hours at night, extending the power generation time.

[0125] In terms of photothermal heat collection, the collector provided by the system is equivalent to a tower-type photothermal collector, combined with a high-reflectivity ground mirror field, solar light is focused to the collector in the middle of the tower drum through multi-angle adjustable ground reflector, improving the photothermal conversion efficiency.After testing, the photothermal heat collection efficiency of the system can reach more than 85%, which is about 10% higher than that of traditional tower-type photothermal system.At the same time, the heat storage medium uses NaNO3-KNO3 eutectic molten salt or supercritical CO2, and its heat storage density is about 20% higher than that of traditional molten salt, so that the heat storage capacity of the system can reach 400-600kWh / m 3 , improving the stable energy supply capacity at night.

[0126] The energy management system used in the utility model integrates intelligent power converter and high-voltage direct current transmission technology, realizes dynamic adjustment of wind power, photovoltaic and photothermal, forms optimal complementation between different energies, improves the stability of power output, dynamically adjusts the power distribution of wind power, photovoltaic and photothermal, and improves the cycle life of energy storage system by more than 20%.In addition, the wind power tower drum uses high-strength steel or carbon fiber reinforced composite material, and is coated with high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant coating on the outer surface, to enhance the weather resistance of the system, so that the design service life of the tower drum can reach ≥25 years, which is about 5 years longer than that of traditional tower drum.

[0127] The utility model breaks through the limitation of traditional single energy system through efficient integration of wind power, photothermal and photovoltaic, improves energy comprehensive utilization efficiency, reduces power fluctuation, enhances system adaptability and reliability, and has wide popularization value in new energy application scenarios in western desert, plateau and coastal areas.

[0128] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not limited to them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement to part or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A wind power-photothermal-photovoltaic integrated energy system, characterized in that, The wind power generation mechanism, the photovoltaic power generation mechanism and the photo-thermal power generation mechanism are included. The wind power generation mechanism includes a tower (1), a generator cabin (101) is arranged at the top of the tower (1), and a wind power blade (3) is arranged on the tower (1) and connected with the generator cabin (101). The photo-thermal power generation mechanism includes a heat collector (2) arranged in the middle of the tower (1), a plurality of support frames (7) are arranged on the ground around the tower (1), a reflecting mirror (5) is arranged on the support frame (7), and the heat collector (2) is connected with a heat storage device or a heat exchanger through a medium conveying pipeline (201). The photovoltaic power generation mechanism includes a first photovoltaic cell assembly (4) arranged on the outer wall of the tower (1) and a second photovoltaic cell assembly (6) arranged on the back of the reflecting mirror (5). The wind power generation mechanism, the photo-thermal power generation mechanism and the photovoltaic power generation mechanism are connected with an energy management system.

2. The energy system of claim 1, wherein, The heat collector (2) is also connected with a return pipeline (202) connected with the heat storage device or the heat exchanger.

3. The energy system of claim 1, wherein, A cooling and heat dissipation system is also included, which includes a ventilation opening (103) reserved at the top and bottom of the tower (1) and a liquid cooling system arranged in the generator cabin (101).

4. The energy system of claim 1, wherein, The support frame (7) is a tracking photovoltaic support, and the light receiving surface of the reflecting mirror (5) is arranged opposite to the light receiving surface of the second photovoltaic cell assembly (6).

5. The energy system of claim 1, wherein, The support frame (7) includes a bottom plate (701), two vertical columns (702) are symmetrically arranged on the top of the bottom plate (701), a fixing plate (703) is arranged on the top of the vertical column (702), a driving motor (704) is arranged on the fixing plate (703), the output shaft of the driving motor (704) is fixedly connected with a connecting plate (705), a square frame (706) is fixedly arranged between the two connecting plates (705), and the reflecting mirror (5) and the second photovoltaic cell assembly (6) are arranged on the square frame (706).

6. The energy system of claim 1, wherein, The second photovoltaic cell assembly (6) includes, from top to bottom, a phase change material layer (601), a heat conduction layer (602) and a photovoltaic cell (603).

7. The energy system of claim 6, wherein, The phase change material layer (601) includes an encapsulation plate (6011), the encapsulation plate (6011) is provided with a honeycomb structure composed of a plurality of hexagonal grids (6012) arranged closely, and the hexagonal grid (6012) is internally provided with a phase change material. The honeycomb structure is embedded with a microchannel (6013), the encapsulation plate (6011) is provided with a cooling medium inlet (6014) and a cooling medium outlet (6015) connected with the microchannel (6013), and the cooling medium inlet (6014) and the cooling medium outlet (6015) are respectively connected with a liquid cooling device.

8. The energy system of claim 7, wherein, The second photovoltaic cell assembly (6) further comprises a temperature control adjustment system, the temperature control adjustment system comprises a temperature sensor, an infrared thermal imaging sensor and a controller, the photovoltaic cell (603) and the phase change material layer (601) are both provided with the temperature sensor, the surface of the photovoltaic cell (603) is provided with the infrared thermal imaging sensor, the temperature sensor and the infrared thermal imaging sensor are both connected with the controller, and the controller is connected with the liquid cooling device.

9. The energy system of claim 6, wherein, The phase change material layer (601) comprises a heat-conducting base material (6016), a plurality of microcapsules (6017) are arranged in the heat-conducting base material (6016), and a phase change material is arranged in the microcapsules (6017).

10. The energy system of claim 6, wherein, The phase change material layer (601) comprises an encapsulation groove (6018) made of stainless steel or aluminum alloy, a cavity is arranged in the encapsulation groove (6018), the cavity is filled with a phase change material, and a corrugated structure or a fin structure is arranged on the side wall of the cavity.

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