Anti-leakage tunnel

Abstract

The utility model discloses an anti-seepage tunnel which comprises a primary support, a secondary lining and a U-shaped drainage belt, the primary support is arranged on the surface of a rock face in the tunnel, the secondary lining is divided into multiple sections, the multiple sections of secondary lining are sequentially arranged in the length direction of the tunnel, each section of secondary lining abuts against the primary support, and a gap is formed between every two adjacent sections of secondary lining; a slot is formed in the side, facing the inner side of the tunnel, of the gap, the width of the slot is larger than that of the gap, the U-shaped drainage belt is arranged in the slot, a U-shaped opening of the U-shaped drainage belt faces the gap, and the two sides of the U-shaped drainage belt are connected with the slot in a sealed mode. The method has the technical effects that the U-shaped rubber drainage belt is used for guiding and discharging the tunnel leakage, the anti-seepage period is long, the problem that the leakage of a tunnel construction joint and a deformation joint is difficult to radically treat is solved, and the anti-seepage effect is obvious; damage to the original structure can be reduced to the maximum extent, the original structure of the tunnel is slightly changed, comprehensive manufacturing cost is low, operation, management and maintenance are convenient, and the construction method is simple and easy to master and use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of civil engineering technology, specifically to a seepage-proof tunnel. Background Technology

[0002] Water leakage in tunnels is a widespread and common quality problem. The international and domestic industries have continuously explored and researched methods to address tunnel leakage, and many innovative and forward-looking techniques have been widely adopted. Tunnel leakage can be categorized into three areas based on its location: the invert arch pavement, the arch ring concrete, and construction expansion joints. Currently, the technology for treating leakage in the invert arch pavement and arch ring concrete is mature and can largely achieve both symptomatic and radical solutions. However, the treatment of leakage in construction joints and expansion joints almost always involves chiseling grooves to embed injection nozzles for flexible waterproofing materials or embedding circumferential drainage pipes. These methods have a short seepage prevention period and are susceptible to repeated leakage due to geological disasters, tunnel settlement, and other environmental factors. They cannot completely eradicate the leakage problem, leading to adverse social impacts and increased later operation and maintenance costs. Therefore, it is necessary to design a structure suitable for preventing leakage in construction joints and expansion joints to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0003] Therefore, this utility model provides a leak-proof tunnel to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a seepage-proof tunnel includes an initial support, a secondary lining, and a U-shaped drainage strip. The initial support is installed on the rock surface inside the tunnel. The secondary lining is in multiple segments, which are arranged sequentially along the length of the tunnel. Each segment of the secondary lining abuts against the initial support, and a gap is provided between adjacent segments of the secondary lining.

[0006] A groove is provided on the side of the gap facing the inside of the tunnel. The width of the groove is greater than the width of the gap. The U-shaped drainage strip is set in the groove, and the U-shaped opening of the U-shaped drainage strip faces the gap. The two sides of the U-shaped drainage strip are sealed and connected to the groove.

[0007] Furthermore, the arched feet at both ends of the gap are provided with drainage holes, and the angle between the drainage holes and the horizontal plane is 15° to 45°.

[0008] Furthermore, the drainage hole penetrates the initial support.

[0009] Furthermore, the diameter of the drain hole is 80mm to 130mm.

[0010] Furthermore, the slot includes a rectangular slot and a V-shaped slot, the width of the rectangular slot is greater than the opening width of the V-shaped slot, the V-shaped slot is disposed between the gap and the rectangular slot, the opening of the V-shaped slot faces the rectangular slot, and the U-shaped drainage strip is disposed within the rectangular slot.

[0011] Furthermore, multiple bolts are provided on both sides of the V-shaped groove, and the two sides of the U-shaped drainage strip are respectively tightened and fixed to the bolts by nuts.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes pressure strips, with pressure strips provided on both sides of the U-shaped drainage strip.

[0013] Furthermore, a first sealant layer is provided between the rectangular groove and the U-shaped drainage strip.

[0014] Furthermore, a second sealing layer is provided on the side of the pressure strip facing into the tunnel.

[0015] Furthermore, the U-shaped drainage strip is a U-shaped rubber drainage strip.

[0016] This utility model has the following advantages: It uses U-shaped rubber drainage belts to drain and treat leaks in tunnel construction joints or expansion joints, overcoming the difficulty in completely eliminating leaks in these joints and achieving a significant anti-leakage effect; it has wide applicability, not limited to highway tunnels, but can also be used in railway tunnels and other fields; it has a long anti-leakage cycle, making it more economical in terms of cost and operating expenses, with low long-term overall cost and low operating costs; it can minimize damage to the original structure, with minimal alteration to the original tunnel structure, making it economical and effective in terms of construction and operating costs, with low overall cost; it is easy to operate, manage, and maintain; the construction process is convenient, the construction method is simple, and it is easy to master and utilize. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0018] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed herein, and are not intended to limit the implementation conditions of this utility model. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportional relationships, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and purposes that this utility model can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this utility model.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a seepage-proof structure for a seepage-proof tunnel, provided for some embodiments of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of point a.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a slotted structure at the gap between two adjacent sections of secondary lining in a seepage-proof tunnel, provided for some embodiments of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the tunnel along its axial direction at the seepage prevention point of a seepage prevention tunnel provided for some embodiments of the present utility model.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Rock surface, 2. Initial support, 3. Secondary lining, 4. Gap, 5. V-groove, 6. Rectangular groove, 7. Bolt, 8. First sealant layer, 9. U-shaped drainage strip, 10. Pressure strip, 11. Nut, 12. Second sealant layer. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this utility model from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a seepage-proof tunnel according to the first aspect of this utility model is applicable to the construction joint, deformation joint, settlement joint and other seepage treatment construction of various types of tunnels, as well as highway tunnel maintenance projects. It includes an initial support 2, a secondary lining 3 and a U-shaped drainage belt 9. The initial support 2 is set on the surface of the rock surface 1 inside the tunnel. The secondary lining 3 is in multiple sections. The multiple sections of the secondary lining 3 are set sequentially along the length of the tunnel. The secondary lining 3 is set inside the initial support 2. Each section of the secondary lining 3 abuts against the initial support 2. A gap 4 is provided between two adjacent sections of the secondary lining 3.

[0027] A groove is provided on the side of the gap 4 facing the inside of the tunnel. The width of the groove is greater than the width of the gap 4. A U-shaped drainage strip 9 is set in the groove, and the U-shaped opening of the U-shaped drainage strip 9 faces the gap 4. The two sides of the U-shaped drainage strip 9 are sealed to the groove. The U-shaped drainage strip 9 is made of elastic material and has a certain deformation during use. When the tunnel experiences localized minor deformation or settlement, it can make adaptive deformation to prevent the seal of the gap from being damaged and repeated leakage from occurring, thus extending the anti-leakage period.

[0028] In this embodiment, it should be noted that the U-shaped drainage strip 9 is a U-shaped rubber drainage strip. The installation of the U-shaped rubber drainage strip needs to go from the tunnel arch to the arch feet on both sides. In order to facilitate future maintenance, the U-shaped rubber drainage strip is sealed and filled with silicone structural adhesive.

[0029] U-shaped rubber drainage belts are available in various specifications and models on the market, and can be customized according to requirements. Generally, considering the tunnel deformation and settlement limit of 5cm to 10cm, the inner radius R of the U-shaped rubber drainage belt should be selected between 5cm and 7cm. U-shaped rubber drainage belts are finished products and can be purchased online or customized at the factory and delivered to the construction site. The appearance quality requirements for U-shaped rubber drainage belts refer to the national standard GB18173.2-2014, and the specific requirements are shown in the table below:

[0030]

[0031] The physical and mechanical properties of U-shaped rubber drainage belts conform to the national standard GB18173.2-2000. Specific requirements are shown in the table below:

[0032]

[0033] The technical effects achieved in this embodiment are as follows: Using U-shaped rubber drainage belts to drain and treat leakage at tunnel construction joints or expansion joints overcomes the problem of difficult-to-cure leakage at these joints, resulting in significant seepage prevention. It has broad applicability, not limited to highway tunnels, but can also be used in railway tunnels and other fields. It has a long seepage prevention cycle, is more economical in terms of cost and operating expenses, and has a low overall long-term cost and low operating cost. It can minimize damage to the original structure, with minimal alteration to the original tunnel structure, making it economical and effective in terms of construction and operating costs, with a low overall cost. It is easy to operate, manage, and maintain, and the construction method is simple and easy to master and utilize.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment provides another seepage-proof tunnel, the structure of which includes all the contents of embodiment 1. Only the different parts are described below.

[0036] In this embodiment, drainage holes are provided at both ends of the arch foot of the gap 4. The angle between the drainage hole and the horizontal plane is 15° to 45°. Specifically, the angle between the drainage hole and the horizontal plane can be set to 15°, 20°, 25°, 30°, 35°, 40° or 45°.

[0037] In this embodiment, it should be noted that the drainage hole penetrates the initial support 2, and the diameter of the drainage hole is 80mm to 130mm.

[0038] The technical effect achieved by this embodiment is as follows: by setting drainage holes with an angle of 15° to 45° between the drainage holes and the horizontal plane, it is convenient to quickly drain the water behind the tunnel lining; the drainage holes penetrate the initial support 2 and can drain the water accumulated between the initial support 2 and the rock surface 1.

[0039] Example 3

[0040] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment provides another seepage-proof tunnel, the structure of which includes all the contents of embodiment 1. Only the different parts are described below.

[0041] In this embodiment, the slot includes a rectangular slot 6 and a V-shaped slot 5. The width of the rectangular slot 6 is greater than the opening width of the V-shaped slot 5. The V-shaped slot 5 is disposed between the gap 4 and the rectangular slot 6. The opening of the V-shaped slot 5 faces the rectangular slot 6. The U-shaped drainage strip 9 is disposed inside the rectangular slot 6.

[0042] In this embodiment, it should be noted that during construction, with the joint 4 as the center line, a 10-11 cm wide and 7 cm deep outline is cut on both sides of the construction joint 4 using a concrete cutting machine, ensuring that the groove is 20-22 cm wide and 7-10 cm deep, with a straight groove opening. Then, the concrete inside the groove is removed using a small tool to form a ring-shaped groove opening, and the removed surface is flat, forming a rectangular groove 6. Then, again with the joint 4 as the center line, a V-shaped groove is made within a 3-4 cm range on both sides of the joint 4, with a groove depth of 4-7 cm and a width of 7-8 cm. After the groove is made, the entire groove opening is smoothed to form a V-shaped groove 5. The V-shaped groove 5 and the U-shaped drainage strip 9 form an inner "eight" closed structure. To facilitate later maintenance and repair, and to prevent cracking during tunnel settlement and deformation, the seal should expose the U-shaped part of the U-shaped drainage strip 9.

[0043] Multiple bolts 7 are provided on both sides of the V-shaped groove 5. The two sides of the U-shaped drainage strip 9 are tightened and fixed to the bolts 7 by nuts 11. The bolts 7 are internal bolts (i.e. expansion bolts). The bolts 7 on both sides of the V-shaped groove 5 are arranged in a quincunx pattern.

[0044] The technical effect achieved by this embodiment is that the V-shaped groove 5 and the U-shaped drainage strip 9 form an inner "eight" closed structure, which facilitates the flow of seepage water in the gap 4 along the U-shaped drainage strip to the arch feet on both sides of the tunnel and into the drainage ditch; the U-shaped drainage strip can be quickly tightened and fixed by setting bolts 7.

[0045] Example 4

[0046] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment provides another seepage-proof tunnel, the structure of which includes all the contents of embodiment 1. Only the different parts are described below.

[0047] In this embodiment, a pressure strip 10 is also included. Pressure strips 10 are provided on both sides of the U-shaped drainage strip 9. The pressure strip 10 is made of galvanized steel strip, which can be made on site or processed in the factory. The thickness of the pressure strip 10 is selected as 3mm to 5mm, and the width is 5cm. The spacing between the holes of the pressure strip is 30cm to 40cm, and the left and right sides are arranged in a quincunx pattern.

[0048] In this embodiment, it should be noted that a first sealing layer 8 is provided between the rectangular groove 6 and the U-shaped drainage strip 9, and a second sealing layer 12 is provided on the side of the pressure strip 10 facing the inside of the tunnel. The end of the bolt 7 and the nut 11 are located inside the second sealing layer 12, thereby ensuring the overall sealing performance.

[0049] The technical effect achieved by this embodiment is that by setting the pressure strip 10, and using it in conjunction with the bolt 7 and nut 11, the U-shaped drainage belt 9 can be quickly pressed and fixed.

[0050] Although the present invention has been described in detail above with general descriptions and specific embodiments, some modifications or improvements can be made to it, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, all such modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0051] The terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and "middle" used in this specification are merely for clarity of description and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of this utility model. Any changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, shall also be considered within the scope of implementation of this utility model.

Claims

1. A leak-tight tunnel, characterized in that The tunnel lining structure comprises a primary support (2), a secondary lining (3) and a U-shaped drainage belt (9), the primary support (2) is arranged on the surface of a tunnel inner rock surface (1), the secondary lining (3) is in multiple sections, the multiple sections of the secondary lining (3) are arranged along the length direction of the tunnel in sequence, each section of the secondary lining (3) is in abutment with the primary support (2), and a gap (4) is arranged between two adjacent sections of the secondary lining (3). One side of the gap (4) towards the inside of the tunnel is provided with a slot, the width of the slot is greater than the width of the gap (4), the U-shaped drainage belt (9) is arranged in the slot, and the U-shaped opening of the U-shaped drainage belt (9) is arranged towards the gap (4), and the two sides of the U-shaped drainage belt (9) are in sealing connection with the slot.

2. A leak-tight tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that The gap (4) is provided with a drain hole at the arch spring of the two ends, and the included angle between the drain hole and the horizontal plane is 15° to 45°.

3. A leak-tight tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that The drain hole penetrates the primary support (2).

4. A leak-tight tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that The diameter of the drain hole is 80mm to 130mm.

5. A leak-tight tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that The slot comprises a rectangular slot (6) and a V-shaped slot (5), the width of the rectangular slot (6) is greater than the opening width of the V-shaped slot (5), the V-shaped slot (5) is arranged between the gap (4) and the rectangular slot (6), the opening of the V-shaped slot (5) is arranged towards the rectangular slot (6), and the U-shaped drainage belt (9) is arranged in the rectangular slot (6).

6. A leak-tight tunnel according to claim 5, characterized in that The two sides of the V-shaped slot (5) are respectively provided with a plurality of bolts (7), and the two sides of the U-shaped drainage belt (9) are respectively fixedly connected with the bolts (7) through nuts (11).

7. A leak-tight tunnel according to claim 6, characterized in that Further comprising a pressing strip (10), the two sides of the U-shaped drainage belt (9) are respectively provided with the pressing strip (10).

8. A leak-tight tunnel according to claim 7, characterized in that A first sealing rubber layer (8) is arranged between the rectangular slot (6) and the U-shaped drainage belt (9).

9. A leak-tight tunnel according to claim 8, characterized in that The side of the pressing strip (10) towards the inside of the tunnel is provided with a second sealing rubber layer (12).

10. A leak-tight tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that The U-shaped drainage belt (9) is a U-shaped rubber drainage belt.

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