Battery monomer, battery device and electric device

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery monomer, a battery device and a power utilization device. The battery monomer comprises a shell and an electrode assembly, the electrode assembly is accommodated in the shell, the electrode assembly comprises a first pole piece, the first pole piece is provided with a first hole channel, the first hole channel penetrates through the first pole piece in the thickness direction of the first pole piece, and the axis of the first hole channel intersects with the normal of the first pole piece. According to the invention, the reliability of the battery monomer can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery cell, a battery device, and an electrical device. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of new energy technologies, batteries are being used more and more widely, for example in mobile phones, laptops, electric vehicles, electric cars, electric airplanes, electric ships, electric toy cars, electric toy ships, electric toy airplanes, and power tools.

[0003] In the development of battery technology, improving the reliability of individual battery cells is a continuous research direction. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the above problems, this application provides a battery cell, a battery device, and an electrical device, which can effectively improve the reliability of the battery cell.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a battery cell, which includes a housing and an electrode assembly. The electrode assembly is housed within the housing and includes a first electrode plate. The first electrode plate has a first channel that penetrates the first electrode plate in the thickness direction, and the axis of the first channel intersects the normal of the first electrode plate.

[0006] The first channel provides a pathway for the insertion and extraction of active ions and effectively improves the wetting and capacity performance of the electrolyte in the first electrode, alleviating the problem of insufficient electrolyte wetting and reducing the risk of lithium plating. In addition, the first channel can also increase the elasticity of the electrode and slow down the expansion of the electrode along the thickness direction of the film, which helps to reduce the polarization caused by electrode expansion and stress during charging and discharging, thereby effectively improving the reliability of the battery cell.

[0007] The axis of the first channel intersects the normal of the first electrode, which can extend the length of the first channel. This not only allows for more electrolyte to be contained, but also increases the contact area between the electrolyte and the electrode, thereby further improving the wetting effect of the electrolyte in the first electrode.

[0008] In some embodiments of the first aspect, there are multiple first channels, which are spaced apart along a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction. This can further improve the wetting effect of the electrolyte in the first electrode.

[0009] In some embodiments of the first aspect, there are multiple first channels, and at least two of the multiple first channels with different extending directions are connected to form at least one group of first channels.

[0010] The above technical solution connects at least two first channels with different extension directions to form a first group of holes, so that the electrolyte can flow and diffuse between different first channels in the first group of holes, thereby further improving the wetting efficiency of the electrolyte.

[0011] In some embodiments of the first aspect, there are multiple first hole groups, which are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction.

[0012] As the number of first-hole groups increases, the wetting effect of the electrolyte in the first electrode will be further improved.

[0013] In some embodiments of the first aspect, multiple first hole groups are spaced apart along a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction. This can improve the wetting effect of the electrolyte in the first electrode while reducing the fabrication difficulty to some extent.

[0014] In some embodiments of the first aspect, among a plurality of first hole groups, at least two first hole groups arranged along a first direction are connected to form at least one first channel, the first direction being perpendicular to the thickness direction.

[0015] The above technical solution connects at least two groups of first holes arranged along a first direction to form a first channel, enabling the electrolyte to flow and diffuse between different groups of first holes in the first channel, thereby further improving the wetting efficiency of the electrolyte. In addition, the first channel can also form a capillary effect, facilitating the absorption of electrolyte and providing power for the electrolyte to flow into the first channel, thus reducing the flow resistance of the electrolyte within the first channel.

[0016] In some embodiments of the first aspect, there are multiple first channels, which are spaced apart along a second direction, the first and second directions intersect, and the second direction is perpendicular to the thickness direction.

[0017] As the number of first channels increases, the wetting effect of the electrolyte in the first electrode will be further improved.

[0018] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the first direction is perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

[0019] By rationally setting the first channel so that it extends vertically, the capillary effect formed by the first channel can transport the electrolyte at the bottom of the battery cell to the top of the battery cell, thereby reducing the impact of insufficient electrolyte wetting on some electrode plates in the top area of ​​the electrode assembly.

[0020] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the cross-section of the first channel perpendicular to its own axis is circular, elliptical, oblong, rectangular, triangular, trapezoidal or polygonal.

[0021] The above technical solution allows for flexible selection of the structural shape of the first channel according to different application environments, thereby improving the design flexibility of the first channel.

[0022] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the angle α between the axis of the first channel and the normal of the first electrode satisfies the relationship: 20°≤a<90°; optionally, 60°≤a≤87°.

[0023] The above technical solution, by setting the angle α between the axis of the first channel and the normal of the first electrode within the above range, can improve the wetting effect of the electrolyte while reducing the difficulty of preparing the first channel to a certain extent.

[0024] In some embodiments of the first aspect, on a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction, the first spacing d1 between adjacent first channels satisfies the relationship: 0.5mm≤d1≤40mm; optionally, 1mm≤d1≤20mm.

[0025] The above technical solution, by setting the first spacing d1 within the above range, can improve the wetting effect of the electrolyte while reducing the impact on the energy density of the battery cell to a certain extent.

[0026] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the first dimension k1 of the first channel in a direction perpendicular to its own axis satisfies the relationship: 25μm≤k1≤2000μm; optionally, 50μm≤k1≤1000μm.

[0027] By setting the first dimension k1 within the aforementioned range, the above technical solution can improve the wetting effect of the electrolyte while reducing the impact on the energy density of the battery cell to a certain extent.

[0028] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the first electrode sheet further has a second channel that penetrates the first electrode sheet in the thickness direction. The second channel and the first channel are spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction, and the second dimension of the second channel in a direction perpendicular to its own axis is smaller than the first dimension of the first channel in a direction perpendicular to its own axis.

[0029] The above technical solution allows for flexible selection and combination of first and second channels with different pore sizes according to different application environments, thereby improving the overall design flexibility of the first electrode. Simultaneously, the combination of first and second channels with different pore sizes can better utilize the space of the first electrode, ensuring good electrolyte wetting effect while minimizing the loss of active material.

[0030] In some embodiments of the first aspect, on a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction, a first spacing between adjacent first channels is greater than a second spacing between adjacent second channels.

[0031] The density of multiple first channels is lower than that of multiple second channels, which can improve the wetting effect of the electrolyte while reducing the impact on the energy density of the battery cells to a certain extent.

[0032] In some embodiments of the first aspect, on a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction, the first spacing d1 between adjacent first channels satisfies the relationship: 2mm≤d1≤30mm, and the second spacing d2 between adjacent second channels satisfies the relationship: 0.5mm≤d2≤15mm; optionally, 5mm≤d1≤20mm, and / or, 1mm≤d2≤10mm.

[0033] The above technical solution, when both first and second channels are provided, allows for a more reasonable setting of the density between multiple first channels and the density between multiple second channels, which can effectively improve the coordination effect between the first and second channels.

[0034] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the first dimension k1 of the first channel in the direction perpendicular to its own axis satisfies the relationship: 200μm≤k1≤1500μm, and the second dimension k2 of the second channel in the direction perpendicular to its own axis satisfies the relationship: 30μm≤k2≤500μm; optionally, 300μm≤k1≤1000μm, and / or, 50μm≤k2≤300μm.

[0035] The above technical solution, by simultaneously setting the first channel and the second channel, allows for a more reasonable setting of the diameters of the first channel and the second channel, which can effectively improve the fit between the first channel and the second channel.

[0036] In some embodiments of the first aspect, on a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction, the area S1 of the first electrode, the total area S2 of the first channel, and the total area S3 of the second channel satisfy the following relationship: 0.05% ≤ (S2+S3) / S1 ≤ 20%; optionally, 0.1% ≤ (S2+S3) / S1 ≤ 12.6%.

[0037] The above technical solution, by reasonably setting the total proportion of the first channel and the second channel in the first electrode, can improve the wetting effect of the electrolyte while reducing the impact on the energy density of the battery cell to a certain extent.

[0038] In some embodiments of the first aspect, a groove is provided on at least one side of the first electrode along the thickness direction, and the groove and the first channel are spaced apart along a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction.

[0039] The above technical solution allows for flexible selection and combination of grooves and first channels according to different application environments, improving the overall design flexibility of the first electrode. Simultaneously, the combination of grooves and first channels better utilizes the space of the first electrode, ensuring good electrolyte wetting while minimizing the loss of active material.

[0040] In some embodiments of the first aspect, grooves are provided on both opposite sides of the first electrode along the thickness direction. This can further improve the uniformity of the groove distribution on the first electrode.

[0041] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the recess depth h of the groove satisfies the relationship: 15μm≤h≤120μm; optionally, 30μm≤h≤60μm.

[0042] The above technical solution, by setting the recess depth h of the groove within the aforementioned range, can improve the wetting effect of the electrolyte while reducing the impact on the energy density of the battery cell to a certain extent.

[0043] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the third dimension k3 of the groove in the direction perpendicular to its own axis satisfies the relationship: 0.03mm≤k3≤6mm; optionally, 0.1mm≤k3≤3mm.

[0044] The above technical solution, by setting the third dimension k3 within the aforementioned range, can improve the wetting effect of the electrolyte while reducing the impact on the energy density of the battery cell to a certain extent.

[0045] In some embodiments of the first aspect, on a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction, the area S1 of the first electrode and the total area S4 of the groove satisfy the relationship: 0.005% ≤ S4 / S1 ≤ 6%; optionally, 0.01% ≤ S4 / S1 ≤ 2%.

[0046] The above technical solution, by reasonably setting the total proportion of the groove in the first electrode, can improve the wetting effect of the electrolyte while reducing the impact on the energy density of the battery cell to a certain extent.

[0047] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the first electrode is a positive electrode.

[0048] The above technical solution improves the problem of insufficient electrolyte wetting by setting a first channel on the positive electrode, which can reduce the impact of the first channel on the active material of the negative electrode, thereby further reducing the risk of lithium plating and further improving the reliability of the battery cell.

[0049] Secondly, this application provides a battery device that includes a battery cell provided in any of the embodiments of the first aspect.

[0050] Thirdly, this application provides an electrical device that includes a battery cell provided in any embodiment of the first aspect or a battery device provided in any embodiment of the second aspect, wherein the battery cell or battery device is used to store or provide electrical energy.

[0051] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0052] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0053] Figure 1 These are schematic diagrams of the vehicle structure provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0054] Figure 2 This is an exploded structural diagram of a battery device provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0055] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery module provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0056] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a single battery cell provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0057] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first electrode of a battery cell provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0058] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure along AA;

[0059] Figure 7 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of another cross-sectional structure along AA;

[0060] Figure 8 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of another cross-sectional structure along AA;

[0061] Figure 9 A three-dimensional perspective view of the first electrode of a battery cell provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0062] Figure 10This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first electrode of another battery cell provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0063] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along BB;

[0064] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first electrode of another battery cell provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0065] Figure 13 for Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along CC.

[0066] The reference numerals in the detailed embodiments are as follows:

[0067] 1. Vehicle; 2. Battery unit; 3. Controller; 4. Motor; 5. Housing; 5a. First housing section; 5b. Second housing section; 5c. Housing space; 6. Battery module; 7. Battery cell;

[0068] 10. Outer casing;

[0069] 20. Electrode assembly; 21. First electrode plate; 211. First channel; 212. First hole group; 213. First passage;

[0070] 30. Second channel;

[0071] 40. Groove;

[0072] X, thickness direction; Y, first direction; Z, second direction. Detailed Implementation

[0073] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0074] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used in the specification of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, or foregoing drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order or hierarchy.

[0075] In this application, the reference to "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0076] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "attachment" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0077] In this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, in this application, the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0078] In the embodiments of this application, the same reference numerals denote the same components, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of various components in the embodiments of this application shown in the accompanying drawings, as well as the overall thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of the integrated device, are merely illustrative and should not constitute any limitation on this application.

[0079] In this application, "multiple" means two or more (including two).

[0080] In this application, the term "parallel" includes not only the case of absolute parallelism, but also the case of approximate parallelism as commonly understood in engineering; similarly, "perpendicular" includes not only the case of absolute perpendicularity, but also the case of approximate perpendicularity as commonly understood in engineering.

[0081] With the development of new energy technologies, batteries are being used more and more widely, for example in mobile phones, laptops, electric vehicles, electric cars, electric airplanes, electric ships, electric toy cars, electric toy ships, electric toy airplanes, and power tools.

[0082] In the development of battery technology, improving the reliability of individual battery cells is a continuous research direction.

[0083] During the cycling process of a battery cell, the electrode sheets expand due to various factors such as structural changes in the active ion insertion / extraction process and side reactions of the active materials. However, considering factors such as ion dynamics and energy density, the spacing between the positive and negative electrodes is very small, usually insufficient to accommodate the expansion or structural damage of the electrode active materials. This causes the electrolyte, especially liquid electrolyte, to be squeezed out from between the positive and negative electrodes, affecting electrolyte wetting and resulting in insufficient electrolyte for ion conduction. This makes the battery cell prone to severe polarization, significantly impacting its cycle performance and lifespan. If the resulting expansion force is not effectively released, it will greatly degrade the cell's performance, even damaging the electrodes and causing short circuits and safety hazards.

[0084] In addition, the expansion of the electrode reduces its porosity, causing the electrolyte inside the pores to be squeezed out of the electrode. This further exacerbates the effect of insufficient electrolyte wetting, leading to an increase in ion transport impedance between the positive and negative electrodes, making lithium plating more likely and seriously affecting the reliability of the battery cell.

[0085] Based on the above considerations, this application designs a battery cell, which includes a housing and an electrode assembly. The electrode assembly is housed within the housing and includes a first electrode plate. The first electrode plate has a first channel that penetrates the first electrode plate in the thickness direction, and the axis of the first channel intersects the normal of the first electrode plate.

[0086] The first channel provides a pathway for the insertion and extraction of active ions and effectively improves the wetting and capacity performance of the electrolyte in the first electrode, alleviating the problem of insufficient electrolyte wetting and reducing the risk of lithium plating. In addition, the first channel can also increase the elasticity of the electrode and slow down the expansion of the electrode along the thickness direction of the film, which helps to reduce the polarization caused by electrode expansion and stress during charging and discharging, thereby effectively improving the reliability of the battery cell.

[0087] The axis of the first channel intersects the normal of the first electrode, which can extend the length of the first channel. This not only allows for more electrolyte to be contained, but also increases the contact area between the electrolyte and the electrode, thereby further improving the wetting effect of the electrolyte in the first electrode.

[0088] The battery cells described in this application are applicable to battery devices and electrical equipment using battery devices. Electrical equipment can be devices that use battery devices as a power source or various energy storage systems that use battery devices as energy storage elements. Electrical equipment can be, but is not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, power tools, electric vehicles, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, etc. Electric toys can include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc. Spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc.

[0089] For ease of explanation, the following embodiments use a vehicle as an example of electrical equipment.

[0090] Figure 1 The diagram shows the structural features of a vehicle provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0091] like Figure 1 As shown, a battery device 2 is installed inside the vehicle 1. The battery device 2 can be located at the bottom, front, or rear of the vehicle 1. The battery device 2 can be used to power the vehicle 1; for example, the battery device 2 can serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1.

[0092] The vehicle 1 may also include a controller 3 and a motor 4. The controller 3 is used to control the battery device 2 to supply power to the motor 4, for example, for the power needs of the vehicle 1 during starting, navigation and driving.

[0093] In some embodiments of this application, the battery device 2 can not only serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1, but also as the driving power source for the vehicle 1, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1.

[0094] Figure 2 This is an exploded structural diagram of a battery device provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0095] In some embodiments, the battery device 2 may include one or more battery cell assemblies for providing voltage and capacity.

[0096] A battery cell assembly may include multiple battery cells ( Figure 2 (Not shown), multiple battery cells are connected in series, parallel, or mixed connection through a busbar. Mixed connection refers to multiple battery cells being connected in both series and parallel.

[0097] A battery cell can be a rechargeable battery cell, which refers to a battery cell that can be recharged after being discharged to activate the active materials and continue to be used.

[0098] As an example, a single battery cell can be a lithium-ion battery cell, a sodium-ion battery cell, a sodium-lithium-ion battery cell, a lithium metal battery cell, a sodium metal battery cell, a lithium-sulfur battery cell, a magnesium-ion battery cell, a nickel-metal hydride battery cell, a nickel-cadmium battery cell, a lead-acid battery cell, etc.

[0099] As an example, a battery cell can be a prismatic battery cell, a pouch battery cell, or a battery cell of other shapes. Prismatic battery cells include prismatic battery cells, blade-shaped battery cells, and multi-prismatic battery cells, such as hexagonal prismatic battery cells.

[0100] In some embodiments, a battery cell assembly is typically formed by arranging multiple battery cells; as an example, a battery cell assembly can be a battery module 6, which is formed by arranging and fixing multiple battery cells into a single module. As an example, a battery module 6 can be formed by bundling multiple battery cells together with cable ties.

[0101] In some embodiments, the battery device 2 may be a battery pack, which includes a housing 5 and one or more battery cell assemblies housed within the housing 5. As an example, the battery cell assembly may be a battery module 6, which can be housed within the housing by securing the battery module 6 to the housing. Alternatively, the battery cell assembly may be housed within the housing by directly securing multiple battery cells to the housing.

[0102] In some embodiments, the housing 5 is used to house individual battery cells, and the housing 5 can have various structures.

[0103] In some embodiments, the housing 5 may include a first housing 5a and a second housing 5b. The first housing 5a and the second housing 5b are fastened together to form a closed space inside the housing 5 to house the battery cell assembly. Here, "closed" refers to covering or closing, and can be either sealed or unsealed. The first housing may be a top cover or a bottom plate.

[0104] In some embodiments, the housing 5 may include a top cover, a frame, and a bottom plate. The top cover and bottom plate are respectively connected to the frame, forming an enclosed space inside the housing to accommodate individual battery cells. As an example, the frame may include multiple side beams.

[0105] In some embodiments, the housing 5 may be part of the vehicle's chassis structure. For example, a portion of the housing 5 may be at least a portion of the vehicle's floor, or a portion of the housing 5 may be at least a portion of the vehicle's crossbeams and longitudinal beams.

[0106] In some embodiments, the battery device 2 may be an energy storage device.

[0107] Energy storage devices can be used in energy storage power stations, wind power generation systems, solar power generation systems, mobile power systems, or temporary power supply systems. Energy storage devices can store electrical energy as needed and output it when appropriate. For example, energy storage devices can store electrical energy during off-peak hours and provide power to relevant users or electrical equipment during peak hours.

[0108] In some embodiments, the energy storage device includes an energy storage container, an energy storage cabinet, etc.

[0109] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery module provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0110] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, there are multiple battery cells 7, which are first connected in series, parallel, or a combination of both to form a battery module 6. These battery modules 6 are then connected in series, parallel, or a combination of both to form a whole, which is housed within the casing.

[0111] Multiple battery cells 7 in battery module 6 can be electrically connected through a busbar to achieve parallel, series, or mixed connection of multiple battery cells 7 in battery module 6. There can be one or more busbars, each used to electrically connect at least two battery cells 7.

[0112] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a single battery cell provided in some embodiments of this application. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first electrode of a battery cell provided in some embodiments of this application. Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure along AA.

[0113] Continue to refer to Figures 4 to 6 This application provides a battery cell 7, which includes a housing 10 and an electrode assembly 20. The electrode assembly 20 is housed within the housing 10 and includes a first electrode 21. The first electrode 21 has a first channel 211 that penetrates the first electrode 21 in the thickness direction X, and the axis of the first channel 211 intersects the normal of the first electrode 21.

[0114] As an example, the housing 10 can be a steel housing, an aluminum housing, or a composite metal housing (such as a copper-aluminum composite housing 10). The housing 10 can be a hollow structure, with an internal space for accommodating the electrode assembly 20 and the electrolyte.

[0115] As an example, the casing 10 of the battery cell 7 can be a cylindrical casing, a square casing 10, a prismatic casing 10, or a casing 10 of other shapes.

[0116] As an example, housing 10 includes a housing and an end cap, the housing having an opening and the end cap being connected to the housing and covering the opening;

[0117] The housing is a component used to fit the end cap to form the internal cavity of the battery cell 7. The formed internal cavity can be used to accommodate the electrode assembly 20, the electrolyte, and other components.

[0118] The housing and end cap can be separate components. For example, an opening can be provided on the housing, and the end cap can be used to close the opening to form an internal cavity for the battery cell 7.

[0119] The housing can be of various shapes and sizes, such as cuboid or cylindrical. Specifically, the shape of the housing can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 20. The housing can be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, etc.

[0120] The shape of the end cap can be adapted to the shape of the housing to fit the housing. The material of the end cap can be the same as or different from that of the housing. Optionally, the end cap can be made of a material with a certain hardness and strength (such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, etc.), so that the end cap is not easily deformed when subjected to compression and impact, so that the battery cell 7 can have higher structural strength and improve reliability.

[0121] The end caps are attached to the housing by welding, bonding, snap-fitting, or other means.

[0122] The housing may be open at one end or at both ends. In some examples, the housing may be a structure with an opening on one side, with one end cap fitting over the housing. In other examples, the housing may be a structure with openings on both sides, with two end caps fitting over the two openings of the housing, respectively.

[0123] Electrode assembly 20 is a component in the battery cell 7 where electrochemical reactions occur. The housing 10 may contain one or more electrode assemblies 20.

[0124] As an example, the battery cell 7 also includes an electrolyte, which acts as a conductor of ions between the positive and negative electrodes. The electrolyte used in this application can be selected according to requirements. In the embodiments of this application, the electrolyte is liquid, i.e., an electrolyte solution.

[0125] As an example, liquid electrolytes include electrolyte salts and solvents.

[0126] As an example, the electrolyte salt may be selected from at least one of lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium perchlorate, lithium hexafluoroarsenate, lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate, lithium difluorophosphate, lithium difluorooxalate borate, lithium dioxalate borate, lithium difluorodioxalate phosphate, and lithium tetrafluorooxalate phosphate.

[0127] As an example, the solvent may be selected from at least one of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, dipropyl carbonate, methyl propyl carbonate, ethyl propyl carbonate, butyl carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, methyl formate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, propyl propionate, methyl butyrate, ethyl butyrate, 1,4-butyrolactone, sulfolane, dimethyl sulfone, methyl ethyl sulfone, and diethyl sulfone. The solvent may also be an ether solvent. Ether solvents may include one or more of ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, triethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether, 1,3-dioxolane, tetrahydrofuran, methyl tetrahydrofuran, diphenyl ether, and crown ethers.

[0128] As an example, the electrolyte may optionally include additives. For example, additives may include negative electrode film-forming additives, positive electrode film-forming additives, and additives that can improve certain performance of the battery cell 7, such as additives that improve the overcharge / fast charge performance of the battery cell 7, additives that improve the high-temperature performance of the battery cell 7, additives that improve the low-temperature performance of the battery cell 7, etc.

[0129] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly 20 includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator, wherein the positive electrode and the negative electrode have opposite polarities, and the separator separates the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

[0130] At least a portion of the separator is located between the positive and negative electrode plates. During the charging and discharging process of the battery cell 7, active ions (such as lithium ions) repeatedly insert and extract between the positive and negative electrode plates. The separator, positioned between the positive and negative electrode plates, serves to prevent short circuits between the positive and negative electrodes while allowing active ions to pass through.

[0131] In some embodiments, the positive electrode may include a positive current collector and a positive electrode film layer disposed on at least one surface of the positive current collector.

[0132] As an example, the positive current collector has two surfaces opposite each other in its own thickness direction X, and the positive electrode film layer is disposed on either or both of the two opposite surfaces of the positive current collector.

[0133] As an example, the positive current collector can be a metal foil, a conductive polymer material, a carbon material, or a composite current collector. For example, as a metal foil, pure metals, alloys, or surface-treated metals can be used, including but not limited to stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, nickel alloys, titanium, or silver. The composite current collector may include a polymer material base layer and a metal layer. The composite current collector can be formed by forming a metal material (aluminum, aluminum alloys, nickel, nickel alloys, titanium, titanium alloys, silver, and silver alloys, etc.) on a polymer material substrate (such as a substrate of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyethylene, etc.).

[0134] As an example, the positive electrode film layer includes a positive electrode active material, which may include at least one of the following materials: lithium phosphate, lithium transition metal oxide, and their respective modified compounds. However, this application is not limited to these materials, and other conventional materials that can be used as positive electrode active materials for batteries may also be used. These positive electrode active materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Examples of lithium phosphate include, but are not limited to, at least one of lithium iron phosphate (such as LiFePO4 (also referred to as LFP)), lithium iron phosphate and carbon composites, lithium manganese phosphate (such as LiMnPO4), lithium manganese phosphate and carbon composites, lithium iron manganese phosphate, and lithium iron manganese phosphate and carbon composites. Examples of lithium transition metal oxides include, but are not limited to, lithium cobalt oxide (such as LiCoO2), lithium nickel oxide (such as LiNiO2), lithium manganese oxide (such as LiMnO2, LiMn2O4), lithium nickel cobalt oxide, lithium manganese cobalt oxide, lithium nickel manganese oxide, and lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide (such as LiNi). 1 / 3 Co 1 / 3 Mn 1 / 3 O2 (also known as NCM) 333 LiNi 0.5 Co 0.2 Mn 0.3 O2 (also known as NCM) 523 LiNi 0.5 Co 0.25 Mn 0.25 O2 (also known as NCM) 211 LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.2 O2 (also known as NCM) 622 LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O2 (also known as NCM) 811 ), lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide (such as LiNi) 0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05At least one of O2 and its modified compounds. Modified compounds refer to substances obtained by modification methods such as doping or coating based on the above-mentioned substances.

[0135] In some embodiments, the negative electrode may include a negative current collector.

[0136] As an example, the negative electrode current collector can be a metal foil, a conductive polymer material, a carbon material, or a composite current collector. For example, as a metal foil, pure metals, alloys, or surface-treated metals can be used, including but not limited to stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, nickel alloys, titanium, or silver. The composite current collector may include a polymer material substrate and a metal layer. The composite current collector can be formed by forming a metal material (copper, copper alloys, nickel, nickel alloys, titanium, titanium alloys, silver, and silver alloys, etc.) on a polymer material substrate (such as a substrate of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyethylene, etc.).

[0137] As an example, the negative electrode sheet may include a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode film layer disposed on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector.

[0138] As an example, the negative electrode current collector has two surfaces opposite each other in its own thickness direction X, and the negative electrode film layer is disposed on either or both of the two opposite surfaces of the negative electrode current collector.

[0139] As an example, the negative electrode film layer includes a negative electrode active material, which may be a negative electrode active material known in the art for use in battery cell 7. As an example, the negative electrode active material may include at least one of the following materials: artificial graphite, natural graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, silicon-based materials, tin-based materials, and lithium titanate, etc. Silicon-based materials may be selected from at least one of elemental silicon, silicon oxide compounds, silicon-carbon composites, silicon-nitrogen composites, and silicon alloys. Tin-based materials may be selected from at least one of elemental tin, tin oxide compounds, and tin alloys. However, this application is not limited to these materials, and other conventional materials that can be used as negative electrode active materials for battery cell 7 may also be used. These negative electrode active materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0140] In some embodiments, the positive current collector can be made of aluminum, and the negative current collector can be made of copper.

[0141] In some embodiments, the separator includes a base membrane. The base membrane in this application can be any known porous membrane with good chemical and mechanical stability.

[0142] As an example, the main material of the base film can be selected from at least one of glass fiber, nonwoven fabric, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, and ceramics. The base film can be a single-layer film or a multi-layer composite film, without particular restrictions. When the base film is a multi-layer composite film, the materials of each layer can be the same or different.

[0143] Inorganic particle coatings, organic particle coatings, or organic / inorganic composite coatings can also be applied to the surface of the base film.

[0144] The separator can be a separate component located between the positive and negative electrodes, or it can be attached to the surface of the positive or negative electrode.

[0145] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly 20 can be a wound structure, a stacked structure, or a hybrid structure of wound and stacked.

[0146] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly 20 is a wound structure. The positive electrode and the negative electrode are wound into a wound structure.

[0147] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly 20 has a stacked structure.

[0148] As an example, multiple positive and negative electrode plates can be set, with multiple positive and multiple negative electrode plates stacked alternately. As an example, multiple positive electrode plates can be set, and negative electrode plates are folded to form multiple stacked folded segments, with a positive electrode plate sandwiched between adjacent folded segments.

[0149] As an example, both the positive and negative electrode plates are folded to form multiple stacked folded segments.

[0150] As an example, multiple separators can be provided, each positioned between any adjacent positive or negative electrode plates.

[0151] As an example, the separator can be continuously arranged between any adjacent positive or negative electrode plates by folding or rolling.

[0152] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly 20 may be cylindrical, flat, or polygonal in shape.

[0153] In some embodiments, the positive current collector may include a positive tab, and the negative current collector may include a negative tab. The positive and negative tabs can be used to transmit current. As an example, at least a portion of the positive tab is not coated with a positive film layer, and at least a portion of the negative tab is not coated with a negative film layer.

[0154] In some embodiments, the battery cell 7 includes a positive electrode lead-out portion and a negative electrode lead-out portion, wherein the positive electrode lead-out portion is electrically connected to the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode lead-out portion is electrically connected to the negative electrode plate.

[0155] The positive and negative leads are used to connect to the external circuit to enable charging or discharging of the battery cell 7.

[0156] In some embodiments, the positive lead-out portion includes a positive terminal. At least a portion of the positive terminal is exposed to the outside of the battery cell 7 to facilitate connection with a busbar.

[0157] As an example, the positive terminal may be a separately molded component that is mounted on the housing 10. Alternatively, the positive terminal may also be part of the housing 10.

[0158] In some examples, the positive terminal is directly connected to the positive plate. In other examples, the positive terminal and the positive plate are indirectly connected through other conductive structures, such as a positive adapter plate.

[0159] In some embodiments, the positive terminal is attached to the end cap by welding, riveting, snap-fitting, or other means.

[0160] In some embodiments, the negative lead-out portion includes a negative terminal. At least a portion of the negative terminal is exposed to the outside of the battery cell to facilitate connection with a busbar.

[0161] As an example, the negative terminal may be a separately molded component that is mounted on the housing 10. Alternatively, the negative terminal may also be part of the housing 10.

[0162] In some examples, the negative terminal is directly connected to the negative electrode plate; in other examples, the negative lead-out section also includes other conductive structures connecting the negative terminal and the negative electrode plate, such as a negative electrode adapter plate.

[0163] In some embodiments, the negative terminal is attached to the end cap by welding, riveting, snap-fitting, or other means.

[0164] In the embodiments of this application, the first electrode 21 can be a positive electrode or a negative electrode.

[0165] The first channel 211 penetrates the first electrode 21 in the thickness direction X, allowing the electrolyte to flow from both sides of the first electrode 21 in the thickness direction X into the first channel 211. Compared with non-penetrating openings, this configuration in the embodiments of this application can effectively improve the wetting efficiency of the electrolyte.

[0166] As an example, the first electrode 21 includes a first current collector and a first active material layer, the first active material layer being disposed on two opposite surfaces of the first current collector along the thickness direction X. The first channel 211 penetrating the first electrode 21 in the thickness direction X means that the first channel 211 penetrates both the first current collector and the first active material layer disposed on the two opposite surfaces of the first current collector along the thickness direction X.

[0167] The axis of the first channel 211 intersects the normal of the first electrode 21. This can be understood as the first channel 211 being inclined relative to the normal of the first electrode 21, with the normal of the first electrode 21 parallel to its thickness direction X. In this embodiment, the arrangement of the first channel 211 with its axis parallel to the normal of the first electrode 21 effectively extends the length of the first channel 211.

[0168] It should be noted that a normal line is a straight line that is always perpendicular to a plane. The normal line at a point on a curved surface is the straight line that passes through that point and is perpendicular to the tangent plane at that point. The normal line of the first electrode 21 is a straight line that is always perpendicular to the surface of the first electrode 21 along its own thickness direction X.

[0169] For example, the first channel 211 can extend in a straight line or in a curved line. As an example, extending the first channel 211 in a straight line can reduce the difficulty of fabricating the first channel 211 and help reduce the cost of the battery cell 7.

[0170] The first channel 211 provides a pathway for the insertion and extraction of active ions and effectively improves the wetting and capacity performance of the electrolyte in the first electrode 21, alleviating the problem of insufficient electrolyte wetting and reducing the risk of lithium plating. In addition, the first channel 211 can also increase the elasticity of the electrode and slow down the expansion of the electrode along the film thickness direction X, which helps to reduce the polarization caused by electrode expansion and stress during charging and discharging, thereby effectively improving the reliability of the battery cell 7.

[0171] The axis of the first channel 211 intersects the normal of the first electrode 21, which can extend the length of the first channel 211. This not only allows for more electrolyte to be contained, but also increases the contact area between the electrolyte and the electrode, thereby further improving the wetting effect of the electrolyte in the first electrode 21.

[0172] In some embodiments, the number of first channels 211 is multiple, and the multiple first channels 211 are spaced apart along a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction X. This can further improve the wetting effect of the electrolyte in the first electrode 21.

[0173] As an example, multiple first channels 211 are arranged in an array on a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction X. In other words, multiple first channels 211 are arranged in an array along a direction parallel to the surface of the first electrode 21.

[0174] Figure 7 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of another cross-sectional structure along AA.

[0175] Continue to refer to Figure 7In some embodiments, there are multiple first channels 211, and at least two first channels 211 with different extending directions are connected to form at least one first hole group 212.

[0176] For example, at least two of the plurality of first channels 211 with different extending directions are interconnected through their respective ends to form at least one first hole group 212. Specifically, the first electrode 21 has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other along the thickness direction X. The first channel 211 forms a first end on the first surface and a second end on the second surface. At least two of the plurality of first channels 211 with different extending directions are interconnected through their respective first ends, and their respective second ends are spaced apart in a direction parallel to the second surface.

[0177] As an example, each pair of first channels 211 with different extending directions can be connected to form a first group of channels 212.

[0178] As an example, it is also possible that every four first channels 211 with different extension directions in a plurality of first channels 211 are connected to form a first group of channels 212.

[0179] As an example, it is also possible that eight first channels 211 with different extension directions in a plurality of first channels 211 are connected to form a first group of channels 212.

[0180] The above technical solution connects at least two first channels 211 with different extension directions to form a first hole group 212, so that the electrolyte can flow and diffuse between different first channels 211 in the first hole group 212, which can further improve the wetting efficiency of the electrolyte.

[0181] In some embodiments, there are multiple first hole groups 212, which are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction X. As the number of first hole groups 212 increases, the wetting effect of the electrolyte in the first electrode 21 is further improved.

[0182] As an example, multiple first hole groups 212 are arranged in an array along a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction X. In other words, multiple first hole groups 212 are arranged in an array along a direction parallel to the surface of the first electrode 21.

[0183] In some embodiments, a plurality of first hole groups 212 are spaced apart along a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction X. In other words, the plurality of first hole groups 212 are not interconnected. This can improve the wetting effect of the electrolyte in the first electrode 21 while reducing the manufacturing difficulty to some extent.

[0184] Figure 8 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of another cross-sectional structure along AA. Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional perspective structural diagram of the first electrode of a battery cell provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0185] Continue to refer to Figures 8 to 9 In some embodiments, among the plurality of first hole groups 212, at least two first hole groups 212 arranged along the first direction Y are connected to form at least one first channel 213, and the first direction Y is perpendicular to the thickness direction X.

[0186] For example, among the plurality of first hole groups 212, at least two first hole groups 212 arranged along the first direction Y are connected at their ends to form at least one first channel 213. Specifically, the first electrode 21 has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other along the thickness direction X. The first channel 211 forms a first end on the first surface and a second end on the second surface. At least two first channels 211 with different extending directions are connected to each other through their respective first ends, and their respective second ends are spaced apart in a direction parallel to the second surface. Two adjacent first hole groups 212 along the first direction Y are connected to each other through the second end of their respective first channels 211 to form at least one first channel 213.

[0187] The above technical solution connects at least two first pore groups 212 arranged along the first direction Y to form a first channel 213, enabling the electrolyte to flow and diffuse between different first pore groups 212 in the first channel 213, thereby further improving the wetting efficiency of the electrolyte. In addition, the first channel 213 can also form a capillary effect to facilitate the intake of electrolyte, providing power for the electrolyte to flow into the first pore 211 and reducing the flow resistance of the electrolyte within the first channel 213.

[0188] As an example, among the multiple first hole groups 212, all the first hole groups 212 arranged along the first direction Y are connected end to end in sequence to form a first channel 213.

[0189] In some embodiments, there are multiple first channels 213, which are spaced apart along the second direction Z. The first direction Y intersects the second direction Z, and the second direction Z is perpendicular to the thickness direction X. As the number of first channels 213 increases, the wetting effect of the electrolyte in the first electrode 21 will be further improved.

[0190] In some embodiments, a plurality of first channels 213 are connected along the second direction Z.

[0191] In some embodiments, the first direction Y is perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

[0192] For example, the first direction Y is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, which can also be understood as the first direction Y being the vertical direction.

[0193] Understandably, in most states of the battery cell 7, due to gravity, the electrolyte will accumulate at the bottom of the battery cell 7, causing the electrolyte level to be lower than the top area of ​​the electrode assembly 20, resulting in some of the electrode sheets located at the top area of ​​the electrode assembly 20 not being fully immersed in the electrolyte.

[0194] Thus, by reasonably setting the first channel 211, the first channel 213 extends in the vertical direction. Utilizing the capillary effect formed by the first channel 213, the electrolyte located at the bottom of the battery cell 7 can be transported to the top of the battery cell 7, thereby reducing the impact of insufficient electrolyte wetting on some electrode sheets located in the top region of the electrode assembly 20.

[0195] In some embodiments, the cross-section of the first channel 211 perpendicular to its own axis is circular, elliptical, oblong, rectangular, triangular, trapezoidal or polygonal.

[0196] In the plurality of first channels 211, the cross-sections of each first channel 211 perpendicular to its own axis may be the same or different.

[0197] As an example, in the plurality of first channels 211, the cross-section of each first channel 211 perpendicular to its own axis is circular.

[0198] As an example, among the multiple first channels 211, a portion of the first channels 211 have a circular cross-section perpendicular to their own axis, while another portion of the first channels 211 have a polygonal cross-section perpendicular to their own axis.

[0199] The above technical solution allows for flexible selection of the structural shape of the first channel 211 according to different application environments, thereby improving the design flexibility of the first channel 211.

[0200] In some embodiments, the cross-section of the first channel 211 perpendicular to its own axis is circular. This makes the surface of the first channel 211 larger, allowing the electrolyte in the first channel 211 to better wet the electrode, while also making the inner wall of the first channel 211 smoother, which helps to reduce the flow resistance of the electrolyte in the first channel 211.

[0201] In some embodiments, the angle α between the axis of the first channel 211 and the normal of the first pole piece 21 satisfies the relationship: 20°≤α<90°.

[0202] For example, the axis of the first channel 211 is a line passing through the geometric center of the first channel 211 along the extension direction of the first channel 211. There is an angle α between the axis of the first channel 211 and the normal of the first electrode 21, and angle α is a small angle between the axis of the first channel 211 and the normal of the first electrode 21.

[0203] As an example, angle 'a' can be, but is not limited to, 20°, 30°, 40°, 50°, 60°, 70°, 80°, 89°, etc.

[0204] Understandably, the larger the angle α, the longer the extension of the first channel 211, resulting in a better electrolyte wetting effect, but also making the fabrication of the first channel 211 more difficult. Conversely, the smaller the angle α, the shorter the extension of the first channel 211, resulting in a worse electrolyte wetting effect, but also making the fabrication of the first channel 211 less difficult.

[0205] The above technical solution, by setting the angle α between the axis of the first channel 211 and the normal of the first electrode 21 within the above range, can improve the wetting effect of the electrolyte while reducing the difficulty of preparing the first channel 211 to a certain extent.

[0206] Furthermore, 60°≤a≤87°. This achieves a balance between improving the wetting effect of the electrolyte and reducing the preparation difficulty of the first channel 211.

[0207] As an example, angle 'a' can be, but is not limited to, 60°, 65°, 70°, 75°, 80°, 85°, 87°, etc.

[0208] In some embodiments, on a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction X, the first spacing d1 between adjacent first channels 211 satisfies the relationship: 0.5mm≤d1≤40mm.

[0209] For example, on a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction X, the first spacing d1 between adjacent first channels 211 can characterize the arrangement density between the plurality of first channels 211.

[0210] As an example, the first spacing d1 can be, but is not limited to, 0.5mm, 1mm, 10mm, 15mm, 20mm, 25mm, 30mm, 35mm, 40mm, etc.

[0211] Understandably, the larger the first spacing d1, the smaller the density of the multiple first channels 211, resulting in a relatively poorer electrolyte wetting effect and less loss of active material on the electrode, thus increasing the battery energy density. Conversely, the smaller the first spacing d1, the larger the density of the multiple first channels 211, resulting in a relatively better electrolyte wetting effect, but also more loss of active material on the electrode, leading to a lower battery energy density.

[0212] The above technical solution, by setting the first spacing d1 within the above range, can improve the wetting effect of the electrolyte while reducing the impact on the energy density of the battery cell 7 to a certain extent.

[0213] Furthermore, 1mm≤d1≤20mm. This achieves a balance between further improving the wetting effect of the electrolyte and reducing the impact on the energy density of the battery cell 7.

[0214] As an example, the first spacing d1 can be, but is not limited to, 1mm, 2mm, 4mm, 6mm, 8mm, 10mm, 12mm, 15mm, 18mm, 20mm, etc.

[0215] In some embodiments, the first dimension k1 of the first channel 211 in the direction perpendicular to its own axis satisfies the relationship: 25μm≤k1≤2000μm.

[0216] For example, the first dimension k1 of the first channel 211 in the direction perpendicular to its own axis can also be understood as the aperture of the first channel 211.

[0217] As an example, the first size k1 can be, but is not limited to, 25μm, 100μm, 200μm, 500μm, 1000μm, 1500μm, 2000μm, etc.

[0218] Understandably, the larger the first size k1, the more electrolyte the first channel 211 can hold, resulting in better electrolyte wetting. However, this also leads to greater loss of active material from the electrode, resulting in lower battery energy density. Conversely, the smaller the first size k1, the less electrolyte the first channel 211 can hold, resulting in poorer electrolyte wetting. However, this also leads to less loss of active material from the electrode, resulting in higher battery energy density.

[0219] By setting the first dimension k1 within the aforementioned range, the above technical solution can improve the wetting effect of the electrolyte while reducing the impact on the energy density of the battery cell 7 to a certain extent.

[0220] Furthermore, 50μm≤k1≤1000μm. This achieves a balance between further improving the electrolyte wetting effect and reducing the impact on the energy density of the battery cell 7.

[0221] As an example, the first size k1 can be, but is not limited to, 50μm, 150μm, 250μm, 300μm, 400μm, 550μm, 600μm, 700μm, 800μm, 900μm, 1000μm, etc.

[0222] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first electrode of another battery cell provided in some embodiments of this application. Figure 11 for Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along BB.

[0223] Continue to refer to Figures 10 to 11 In some embodiments, the first electrode 21 is further provided with a second channel 30, which penetrates the first electrode 21 in the thickness direction X. The second channel 30 and the first channel 211 are spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction X, and the second dimension of the second channel 30 in a direction perpendicular to its own axis is smaller than the first dimension of the first channel 211 in a direction perpendicular to its own axis.

[0224] The second channel 30 penetrates the first electrode 21 in the thickness direction X, allowing the electrolyte to flow from both sides of the first electrode 21 in the thickness direction X into the second channel 30.

[0225] For example, the second channel 30 can extend in a straight line or in a curved line. As an example, extending the second channel 30 in a straight line can reduce the difficulty of fabricating the second channel 30 and help reduce the cost of the battery cell 7.

[0226] The second channel 30 provides a pathway for the insertion and extraction of active ions and effectively improves the wetting and capacity performance of the electrolyte in the first electrode 21, alleviating the problem of insufficient electrolyte wetting and reducing the risk of lithium plating. In addition, the second channel 30 can also increase the elasticity of the electrode and slow down the expansion of the electrode along the film thickness direction X, which helps to reduce the polarization caused by electrode expansion and stress during charging and discharging, thereby effectively improving the reliability of the battery cell 7.

[0227] The second dimension of the second channel 30 in the direction perpendicular to its own axis can be understood as the diameter of the second channel 30, and the first dimension of the first channel 211 in the direction perpendicular to its own axis can be understood as the diameter of the first channel 211.

[0228] The above technical solution allows for flexible selection and combination of first channels 211 and second channels 30 with different pore sizes according to different application environments, which can improve the overall design flexibility of the first electrode 21. At the same time, the combination of first channels 211 and second channels 30 with different pore sizes can better utilize the space of the first electrode 21, so that the loss of active material in the first electrode 21 can be minimized while the electrolyte can achieve a good wetting effect.

[0229] In some embodiments, the axis of the second channel 30 intersects the normal of the first electrode 21.

[0230] The axis of the second channel 30 intersects the normal of the first electrode 21. This can be understood as the second channel 30 being inclined relative to the normal of the first electrode 21, with the normal of the first electrode 21 parallel to its thickness direction X. In this embodiment, the arrangement of the second channel 30 with its axis parallel to the normal of the first electrode 21 effectively extends the length of the second channel 30.

[0231] The axis of the second channel 30 intersects the normal of the first electrode 21, which can extend the length of the second channel 30. This not only allows for more electrolyte to be contained, but also increases the contact area between the electrolyte and the electrode, thereby further improving the wetting effect of the electrolyte in the first electrode 21.

[0232] In some embodiments, the number of second channels 30 is multiple, and the multiple second channels 30 are spaced apart along a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction X.

[0233] In some embodiments, the number of second channels 30 is multiple, and at least two of the multiple second channels 30 with different extending directions are connected to form at least one second channel group.

[0234] In some embodiments, there are multiple second hole groups, and the multiple second hole groups are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction X.

[0235] In some embodiments, a plurality of second hole groups are spaced apart along a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction X.

[0236] In some embodiments, among a plurality of second hole groups, at least two second hole groups arranged along a first direction Y are connected to form at least one second channel, and the first direction Y is perpendicular to the thickness direction X.

[0237] In some embodiments, there are multiple second channels, which are spaced apart along the second direction Z. The first direction Y and the second direction Z intersect, and the second direction Z is perpendicular to the thickness direction X.

[0238] In some embodiments, a plurality of second channels are connected along a second direction Z.

[0239] In some embodiments, the cross-section of the second channel 30 perpendicular to its own axis is circular, elliptical, oblong, rectangular, triangular, trapezoidal or polygonal.

[0240] In some embodiments, a plurality of first channels 213 and a plurality of second channels are alternately spaced along a second direction Z.

[0241] In some embodiments, adjacent first channels 213 and second channels are connected.

[0242] It should be noted that, apart from the diameter being different from that of the first channel 211, the structure, shape and combination of the second channel 30 can be the same as those of the first channel 211. For the specific structural details of the second channel 30, please refer to the relevant content of the first channel 211 mentioned above, which will not be repeated here.

[0243] In some embodiments, on a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction X, the first spacing between adjacent first channels 211 is greater than the second spacing between adjacent second channels 30.

[0244] For example, on a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction X, the first spacing between adjacent first channels 211 can characterize the arrangement density between a plurality of first channels 211, and the first spacing between adjacent second channels 30 can characterize the arrangement density between a plurality of second channels 30.

[0245] The arrangement density between multiple first channels 211 is less than that between multiple second channels 30, which can improve the wetting effect of the electrolyte while reducing the impact on the energy density of the battery cell 7 to a certain extent.

[0246] In some embodiments, on a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction X, the first spacing d1 between adjacent first channels 211 satisfies the relationship: 2mm≤d1≤30mm, and the second spacing d2 between adjacent second channels 30 satisfies the relationship: 0.5mm≤d2≤15mm.

[0247] As an example, the first spacing d1 can be, but is not limited to, 2mm, 5mm, 10mm, 18mm, 22mm, 28mm, 30mm, etc. The second spacing d2 can be, but is not limited to, 0.5mm, 1mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, 10mm, 13mm, 15mm, etc.

[0248] The above technical solution, with the simultaneous provision of first channels 211 and second channels 30, more rationally sets the arrangement density between multiple first channels 211 and multiple second channels 30, which can effectively improve the cooperation effect between the first channels 211 and the second channels 30.

[0249] Furthermore, 5mm≤d1≤20mm, 1mm≤d2≤10mm.

[0250] As an example, the first spacing d1 can be, but is not limited to, 5mm, 10mm, 12mm, 14mm, 16mm, 19mm, 20mm, etc. The second spacing d2 can be, but is not limited to, 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 10mm, etc.

[0251] It should be noted that when setting the first spacing d1 and the second spacing d2 in this embodiment, the premise that the first spacing d1 is greater than the second spacing d2 must be followed.

[0252] In some embodiments, the first dimension k1 of the first channel 211 in the direction perpendicular to its own axis satisfies the relationship: 200μm≤k1≤1500μm, and the second dimension k2 of the second channel 30 in the direction perpendicular to its own axis satisfies the relationship: 30μm≤k2≤500μm.

[0253] As an example, the first size k1 can be, but is not limited to, 200μm, 250μm, 400μm, 1000μm, 1500μm, etc. The second size k2 can be, but is not limited to, 30μm, 90μm, 150μm, 200μm, 500μm, etc.

[0254] The above technical solution, by simultaneously providing a first channel 211 and a second channel 30, allows for a more reasonable setting of the apertures of the first channel 211 and the second channel 30, which can effectively improve the fit between the first channel 211 and the second channel 30.

[0255] Furthermore, 300μm≤k1≤1000μm, 50μm≤k2≤300μm.

[0256] As an example, the first size k1 can be, but is not limited to, 300μm, 600μm, 700μm, 800μm, 900μm, 1000μm, etc. The second size k2 can be, but is not limited to, 50μm, 70μm, 120μm, 250μm, 300μm, etc.

[0257] It should be noted that when setting the first size k1 and the second size k2 in this embodiment, the premise that the first size k1 is greater than the second size k2 must be followed.

[0258] In some embodiments, on a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction X, the area S1 of the first electrode 21, the total area S2 of the first channel 211, and the total area S3 of the second channel 30 satisfy the relationship: 0.05% ≤ (S2 + S3) / S1 ≤ 20%.

[0259] For example, the area S1 of the first electrode 21 can be understood as the surface area of ​​the first electrode 21 in a flattened state, the total area S2 of the first channel 211 refers to the sum of the areas of the multiple first channels 211, and the total area S2 of the second channel 30 refers to the sum of the areas of the multiple second channels 30. (S2+S3) / S1 can characterize the total proportion of the first channel 211 and the second channel 30 in the first electrode 21.

[0260] It should be noted that the total area S2 of the second channel 30 can be 0, that is, when the first electrode 21 only has the first channel 211 and the second channel 30 is not provided.

[0261] As an example, (S2+S3) / S1 can be, but is not limited to, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, etc.

[0262] Understandably, the larger the ratio of (S2+S3) / S1, the greater the total proportion of the first channel 211 and the second channel 30 in the first electrode 21, resulting in a better electrolyte wetting effect. However, this also leads to greater loss of active material from the electrode and a lower battery energy density. Conversely, the smaller the ratio of (S2+S3) / S1, the smaller the total proportion of the first channel 211 and the second channel 30 in the first electrode 21, resulting in a worse electrolyte wetting effect. However, this also leads to less loss of active material from the electrode and a higher battery energy density.

[0263] The above technical solution, by reasonably setting the total proportion of the first channel 211 and the second channel 30 in the first electrode 21, can improve the wetting effect of the electrolyte while reducing the impact on the energy density of the battery cell 7 to a certain extent.

[0264] Furthermore, 0.1% ≤ (S2+S3) / S1 ≤ 12.6%. This achieves a balance between further improving the wetting effect of the electrolyte and reducing the impact on the energy density of the battery cell 7.

[0265] As an example, (S2+S3) / S1 can be, but is not limited to, 0.1%, 0.8%, 1.5%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 11%, 12%, 12.6%, etc.

[0266] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first electrode of another battery cell provided in some embodiments of this application. Figure 13 for Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along CC.

[0267] Continue to refer to Figures 12 to 13In some embodiments, the first electrode 21 is provided with a groove 40 on at least one side along the thickness direction X, and the groove 40 and the first channel 211 are spaced apart along a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction X.

[0268] The groove 40 is recessed on at least one side surface of the first electrode 21 along the thickness direction X, and the groove 40 does not penetrate the first electrode 21. For example, there are multiple grooves 40, and the multiple grooves 40 are spaced apart along a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction X.

[0269] In some examples, the groove 40 extends along the thickness direction X.

[0270] The groove 40 can also accommodate a portion of the electrolyte and provide channels for the insertion and extraction of active ions. Since the groove 40 does not penetrate the first electrode 21, its placement does not cause significant loss of active material, thus having a relatively small impact on the energy density of the battery cell 7. Furthermore, the groove 40 can also relieve stress to some extent, reducing electrode expansion and stress-induced polarization during charging and discharging.

[0271] The above technical solution allows for flexible selection and combination of the groove 40 and the first channel 211 according to different application environments, which can improve the overall design flexibility of the first electrode 21. At the same time, the combination of the groove 40 and the first channel 211 can better utilize the space of the first electrode 21, so that the loss of active material of the first electrode 21 is not significant, and the electrolyte can achieve a good wetting effect.

[0272] In some embodiments, the cross-section of the groove 40 perpendicular to its own axis is circular, elliptical, oblong, rectangular, triangular, trapezoidal, or polygonal.

[0273] As an example, the cross-section of the groove 40 perpendicular to its own axis is circular.

[0274] In some embodiments, the first electrode 21 includes a first current collector and a first active material layer. The first active material layer is disposed on two opposite surfaces of the first current collector along the thickness direction X, and a groove 40 is disposed on the first active material. This ensures that the groove 40 does not affect the strength of the current collector, effectively improving the structural strength of the first electrode 21.

[0275] In some embodiments, grooves 40 are provided on both opposite sides of the first electrode 21 along the thickness direction X, which can further improve the uniformity of the distribution of grooves 40 on the first electrode 21.

[0276] In some embodiments, the recess depth h of the groove 40 satisfies the relationship: 15μm≤h≤120μm.

[0277] For example, the recess depth h of the groove 40 can be understood as the extension length of the groove 40, that is, the distance between the opening of the groove 40 and the bottom of the groove. As an example, when the groove 40 extends along the thickness direction X, the recess depth h of the groove 40 is the dimension of the groove 40 along the thickness direction X.

[0278] As an example, the recess depth h of the groove 40 can be, but is not limited to, 15μm, 20μm, 30μm, 50μm, 100μm, 110μm, 120μm, etc.

[0279] Understandably, the greater the depth h of the groove 40, the more electrolyte the groove 40 can hold, resulting in better electrolyte wetting. However, this also leads to greater loss of active material from the electrode, resulting in lower battery energy density. Conversely, the smaller the depth h of the groove 40, the less electrolyte the groove 40 can hold, resulting in poorer electrolyte wetting. However, this also leads to less loss of active material from the electrode, resulting in higher battery energy density.

[0280] The above technical solution, by setting the recess depth h of the groove 40 within the above range, can improve the wetting effect of the electrolyte while reducing the impact on the energy density of the battery cell 7 to a certain extent.

[0281] Furthermore, 30μm≤h≤60μm. This achieves a balance between further improving the electrolyte wetting effect and reducing the impact on the energy density of the battery cell.

[0282] As an example, the recess depth h of the groove 40 can be, but is not limited to, 30μm, 35μm, 40μm, 45μm, 50μm, 55μm, 60μm, etc.

[0283] In some embodiments, the third dimension k3 of the groove 40 in the direction perpendicular to its own axis satisfies the relationship: 0.03mm≤k3≤6mm.

[0284] As an example, the third dimension k3 can be, but is not limited to, 0.03mm, 0.1mm, 0.5mm, 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, etc.

[0285] Understandably, the larger the third dimension k3, the more electrolyte the groove 40 can hold, resulting in better electrolyte wetting. However, this also leads to greater loss of active material from the electrodes, resulting in lower battery energy density. Conversely, the smaller the third dimension k3, the less electrolyte the groove 40 can hold, resulting in poorer electrolyte wetting. However, this also leads to less loss of active material from the electrodes, resulting in higher battery energy density.

[0286] By setting the third dimension k3 within the aforementioned range, the above technical solution can improve the wetting effect of the electrolyte while reducing the impact on the energy density of the battery cell 7 to a certain extent.

[0287] Furthermore, 0.1mm≤k3≤3mm. This achieves a balance between further improving the wetting effect of the electrolyte and reducing the impact on the energy density of the battery cell 7.

[0288] As an example, the third dimension k3 can be, but is not limited to, 0.1mm, 0.6mm, 0.8mm, 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, etc.

[0289] In some embodiments, on a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction X, the area S1 of the first electrode 21 and the total area S4 of the groove 40 satisfy the relationship: 0.005% ≤ S4 / S1 ≤ 6%.

[0290] For example, the area S1 of the first electrode 21 can be understood as the surface area of ​​the first electrode 21 in a flattened state, and the total area S4 of the groove 40 refers to the sum of the areas of the multiple grooves 40. S4 / S1 can characterize the total proportion of the grooves 40 in the first electrode 21.

[0291] As an example, S4 / S1 can be, but is not limited to, 0.005%, 0.01%, 0.015%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.2%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 6%, etc.

[0292] Understandably, the larger the S4 / S1 ratio, the greater the proportion of the groove 40 in the first electrode 21, resulting in better electrolyte wetting. However, this also leads to greater loss of active material from the electrode, resulting in lower battery energy density. Conversely, the smaller the S4 / S1 ratio, the smaller the proportion of the groove 40 in the first electrode 21, resulting in poorer electrolyte wetting. However, this also leads to less loss of active material from the electrode, resulting in higher battery energy density.

[0293] The above technical solution, by reasonably setting the total proportion of the groove 40 in the first electrode 21, can improve the wetting effect of the electrolyte while reducing the impact on the energy density of the battery cell 7 to a certain extent.

[0294] Furthermore, 0.01% ≤ S4 / S1 ≤ 2%. This achieves a balance between further improving the wetting effect of the electrolyte and reducing the impact on the energy density of the battery cell 7.

[0295] As an example, S4 / S1 can be, but is not limited to, 0.01%, 0.015%, 0.02%, 0.03%, 0.04%, 0.06%, 0.07%, 0.08%, 0.09%, 0.1%, 1%, 2%, etc.

[0296] In some embodiments, the first electrode 21 is a positive electrode.

[0297] It is understandable that the active material of the negative electrode has intercalation sites for active ions to insert. If the number of intercalation sites in the negative electrode is less than the number of active ions contained in the active material of the positive electrode, lithium plating risk is likely to occur.

[0298] Thus, the above technical solution improves the problem of insufficient electrolyte wetting by setting the first channel 211 on the positive electrode, which can reduce the impact of the first channel 211 on the active material of the negative electrode, thereby further reducing the risk of lithium plating and further improving the reliability of the battery cell 7.

[0299] According to some embodiments of this application, this application also provides a battery device including a battery cell 7 of any of the above schemes.

[0300] According to some embodiments of this application, this application also provides an electrical device, including a battery cell 7 or a battery device of any of the above schemes, wherein the battery cell 7 or the battery device is used to store or provide electrical energy.

[0301] Unless otherwise specified, all embodiments and optional embodiments of this application can be combined to form new technical solutions. All technical features and optional technical features of this application can be combined to form new technical solutions.

[0302] To better understand the battery cell 7 provided in the embodiments of this application, based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the battery cell 7 in practical applications are provided here for illustration.

[0303] This application provides a battery cell 7, which includes a housing 10 and an electrode assembly 20. The electrode assembly 20 is housed within the housing 10 and includes a first electrode 21. The first electrode 21 has a plurality of first channels 211. The first channels 211 penetrate the first electrode 21 in the thickness direction X, and the axis of the first channel 211 intersects the normal of the first electrode 21.

[0304] At least two of the plurality of first channels 211 with different extending directions are connected to form at least one first hole group 212. Among the plurality of first hole groups 212, at least two first hole groups 212 arranged along a first direction Y are connected to form at least one first channel 213, the first direction Y being perpendicular to the thickness direction X. There are a plurality of first channels 213, which are spaced apart along a second direction Z, the first direction Y and the second direction Z intersecting, and the second direction Z being perpendicular to the thickness direction X.

[0305] The first channel 211 provides a pathway for the insertion and extraction of active ions and effectively improves the wetting and capacity performance of the electrolyte in the first electrode 21, alleviating the problem of insufficient electrolyte wetting and reducing the risk of lithium plating. In addition, the first channel 211 can also increase the elasticity of the electrode and slow down the expansion of the electrode along the film thickness direction X, which helps to reduce the polarization caused by electrode expansion and stress during charging and discharging, thereby effectively improving the reliability of the battery cell 7.

[0306] The axis of the first channel 211 intersects the normal of the first electrode 21, which can extend the length of the first channel 211. This not only allows for more electrolyte to be contained, but also increases the contact area between the electrolyte and the electrode, thereby further improving the wetting effect of the electrolyte in the first electrode 21.

[0307] By connecting at least two first pore groups 212 arranged along the first direction Y to form a first channel 213, the electrolyte can flow and diffuse between different first pore groups 212 in the first channel 213, thereby further improving the wetting efficiency of the electrolyte. In addition, the first channel 213 can also form a capillary effect to facilitate the intake of electrolyte, providing power for the electrolyte to flow into the first pore 211 and reducing the flow resistance of the electrolyte in the first channel 213.

[0308] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other.

[0309] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of this application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery cell, characterized by, The application relates to an electrode assembly and a battery. The application relates to an electrode assembly and a battery. The application relates to an electrode assembly and a battery.

2. The battery cell of claim 1, wherein, The application relates to an electrode assembly and a battery.

3. The battery cell of claim 1, wherein, The application relates to an electrode assembly and a battery.

4. The battery cell of claim 3, wherein, The application relates to an electrode assembly and a battery.

5. The battery cell of claim 4, wherein, The application relates to an electrode assembly and a battery.

6. The battery cell of claim 4, wherein, The application relates to an electrode assembly and a battery.

7. The battery cell of claim 6, wherein, The application relates to an electrode assembly and a battery.

8. The battery cell of claim 6, wherein, The application relates to an electrode assembly and a battery.

9. The battery cell of claim 1, wherein, The application relates to an electrode assembly and a battery.

10. The battery cell of claim 1, wherein, The application relates to an electrode assembly and a battery.

11. The battery cell of claim 10, wherein, 60°≤a≤87°。 12. The battery cell of claim 1, wherein, The application relates to an electrode assembly and a battery.

13. The battery cell of claim 12, wherein, The application relates to an electrode assembly and a battery.

14. The battery cell of claim 1, wherein, The application relates to an electrode assembly and a battery.

15. The battery cell of claim 14, wherein, The application relates to an electrode assembly and a battery.

16. The battery cell of claim 1, wherein, The application relates to an electrode assembly and a battery. The application relates to an electrode assembly and a battery.

17. The battery cell of claim 16, wherein, The application relates to an electrode assembly and a battery.

18. The battery cell of claim 17, wherein, The application relates to an electrode assembly and a battery.

19. The battery cell of claim 18, wherein, The application relates to an electrode assembly and a battery.

20. The battery cell of claim 16, wherein, The application relates to an electrode assembly and a battery.

21. The battery cell of claim 20, wherein, The application relates to an electrode assembly and a battery. The application relates to an electrode assembly and a battery. The application relates to an electrode assembly and a battery. The application relates to an electrode assembly and a battery. The application relates to an electrode assembly and a battery. The application relates to an electrode assembly and a battery. The application relates to an electrode assembly and a battery. The application relates to an electrode assembly and a battery. The application relates to an electrode assembly and a battery. The application relates to an electrode assembly and a battery. The application relates to an electrode assembly and a battery. The application relates to an electrode assembly and a battery. The application relates to an electrode assembly and a battery. The application relates to an electrode assembly and a battery. 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The battery cell of claim 16, wherein, In a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction, the area S1 of the first pole piece, the total area S2 of the first channels, and the total area S3 of the second channels satisfy the relationship: 0.05%≤(S2+S3) / S1≤20%.

23. The battery cell of claim 22, wherein, 0.1%≤(S2+S3) / S1≤12.6%.

24. The battery cell of claim 1, wherein, The first pole piece is provided with a groove along at least one side in the thickness direction, and the groove is spaced apart from the first channels in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction.

25. The battery cell of claim 24, wherein, The first pole piece is provided with the groove along both sides opposite to each other in the thickness direction.

26. The battery cell of claim 24, wherein, The recess depth h of the groove satisfies the relationship: 15μm≤h≤120μm.

27. The battery cell of claim 26, wherein, 30μm≤h≤60μm.

28. The battery cell of claim 24, wherein, The third dimension k3 of the groove in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of itself satisfies the relationship: 0.03mm≤k3≤6mm.

29. The battery cell of claim 28, wherein, 0.1mm≤k3≤3mm.

30. The battery cell of claim 24, wherein, In a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction, the area S1 of the first pole piece and the total area S4 of the groove satisfy the relationship: 0.005%≤S4 / S1≤6%.

31. The battery cell of claim 30, wherein, 0.01%≤S4 / S1≤2%.

32. The battery cell of any one of claims 1-31, wherein, The first pole piece is a positive pole piece.

33. A battery device, characterized by A plurality of battery cells as claimed in any one of claims 1-32.

34. An electrical device, comprising: A battery cell as claimed in any one of claims 1-32 or a battery device as claimed in claim 33, for storing or providing electric energy.

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