Single-layer single-feed double-frequency GPS antenna

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a single-layer single-feed double-frequency GPS antenna, which comprises a dielectric substrate, a radiation patch arranged on the upper layer of the dielectric substrate and a feed point arranged on the radiation patch, and is characterized in that the radiation patch is of a rectangular structure with the length of Y and the width of X, so that the radiation patch has the length direction Y and the width direction X; an L-shaped slot is formed in the radiation patch, the L-shaped slot comprises a first slot section extending in the X direction and a second slot section extending in the Y direction, the width of the slot is a, the L-shaped slot enables the propagation path of current in the X direction to be prolonged, the effective electrical length Z in the X direction is smaller than the physical width X, and the physical length Y in the Y direction is kept unchanged; the compact space layout of the GPS antenna is improved, the strict requirements of numerous novel electronic devices for compact space layout are met, the competitiveness of the product in the market is enhanced while the space utilization rate of the product is improved, and a new way is opened up for wide application of the GPS antenna in modern electronic devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a single-layer, single-fed, dual-frequency GPS antenna. Background Technology

[0002] In modern communication systems, wired and wireless technologies are integrated, and the performance of the antenna, as a key component for transmitting and receiving wireless signals in space, directly affects communication quality. The Global Positioning System (GPS), a satellite-based positioning system, achieves positioning and navigation functions by receiving satellite signals and is widely used in numerous fields.

[0003] GPS satellite signals cover frequencies including L1, L2, and L5. L1 (1575.42MHz) and L5 (1176MHz), as open civilian signals, play a crucial role in civilian GPS terminal devices. Currently, commonly used GPS ceramic built-in antennas employ a stacked design of two different ceramics to achieve L1+L5 band functionality. However, this design has several drawbacks. On the one hand, the stacked design results in a large antenna size, making it difficult to adapt to the increasingly compact and sophisticated development trend of electronic products and failing to meet the compact space requirements of many new electronic devices. On the other hand, this design complicates the manufacturing process, leading to high costs and a lack of price competitiveness in the market.

[0004] As electronic devices continue to advance towards miniaturization and high performance, existing GPS antenna technology has gradually become a constraint on industry development. Developing a smaller, lower-cost, and simpler GPS antenna technology to meet market demands for new electronic devices has become an urgent problem to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0005] To overcome the shortcomings mentioned above, this utility model aims to provide a technical solution that can solve the above problems.

[0006] A single-layer, single-fed, dual-frequency GPS antenna includes a dielectric substrate, a radiating patch disposed on the upper layer of the dielectric substrate, and a feed point disposed on the radiating patch. The radiating patch is a rectangular structure with a length of Y and a width of X, giving the radiating patch a length direction Y and a width direction X. An L-shaped slot is provided on the radiating patch, the L-shaped slot including a first slot segment extending along the X direction and a second slot segment extending along the Y direction, and the slot width is a. The L-shaped slot extends the propagation path of the current in the X direction, causing the effective electrical length Z in the X direction to be less than the physical width X, while the physical length Y in the Y direction remains unchanged. By setting a difference in the current path between the Y and X directions, a 90-degree phase difference is formed between the radiated signals in the Y and X directions, thereby achieving right-hand circular polarization.

[0007] Preferably, the GPS antenna resonates in the L1 band at a frequency of 1.575 GHz and in the L5 band at a frequency of 1.176 GHz; wherein the total length of the L-shaped slot matches the wavelength λ1 of the L5 band; the length Y and width X of the radiating patch constitute the outer dimensions to match the wavelength λ5 of the L1 band.

[0008] Preferably, the dielectric substrate is formed of a ceramic substrate with a dielectric constant of X.

[0009] Preferably, the radiating patch is formed of conductive silver paste.

[0010] Preferably, a metal feed pin is normally disposed on the dielectric substrate, the upper end of the metal feed pin is connected to the upper silver paste plating layer through a feed point, and the lower end of the metal feed pin protrudes from the dielectric substrate.

[0011] Preferably, a reflective layer is provided on the bottom layer of the dielectric substrate. The reflective layer is formed of conductive silver paste and is not connected to the metal feed pin.

[0012] Preferably, the GPS antenna has an overall length of 25mm, a width of 25mm, and a thickness of 4mm.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0014] Compared to traditional GPS ceramic built-in antennas that use two different ceramic stack designs to achieve L1 and L5 frequency bands, this antenna adopts a single-layer structure, which greatly simplifies the manufacturing process and effectively reduces production costs. At the same time, the single-layer design avoids the large volume problem caused by stacking, making it better suited to the trend of compact and exquisite electronic products. The designed GPS antenna has an overall length of 25mm, a width of 25mm, and a thickness of 4mm. Compared with existing GPS antennas, its volume is significantly reduced, making it easier to apply in miniaturized and portable satellite navigation and positioning devices. Therefore, it meets the stringent requirements of many new electronic devices for compact space layout, improves product space utilization, enhances product competitiveness in the market, and opens up new avenues for the widespread application of GPS antennas in modern electronic devices.

[0015] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a top view of the structure of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a utility model Figure 1 A structural diagram illustrating the marking dimensions;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a side view structural diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a bottom view structural diagram of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a data graph of the present invention tested on a network analyzer;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a circular diagram of the reflection coefficient of this utility model.

[0023] The reference numerals and names in the figure are as follows:

[0024] Dielectric substrate 10, feed point 11, metal feed pin 12, reflective layer 13, radiating patch 20, L-shaped slot 30, first slot segment 31, second slot segment 32. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0026] Please see Figure 1-6In this embodiment of the invention, a single-layer, single-fed, dual-frequency GPS antenna includes a dielectric substrate 10, a radiating patch 20 disposed on the upper layer of the dielectric substrate 10, and a feed point 11 disposed on the radiating patch 20. The radiating patch 20 is a rectangular structure with a length of Y and a width of X, giving the radiating patch 20 a length direction Y and a width direction X. An L-shaped slot 30 is provided on the radiating patch 20, the L-shaped slot 30 including a first slot segment 31 extending along the X direction and a second slot segment 32 extending along the Y direction, and the slot width is a. The L-shaped slot 30 extends the propagation path of the current in the X direction. This results in the effective electrical length Z in the X direction being less than the physical width X, while the physical length Y in the Y direction remains unchanged; the current path difference between the Y and X directions is set so that the radiating patch 20 forms a 90-degree phase difference between the radiated signals in the Y and X directions, thereby achieving right-hand circular polarization; the GPS antenna resonates in the L1 band at a frequency of 1.575 GHz and in the L5 band at a frequency of 1.176 GHz; the total length of the L-shaped slot 30 matches the wavelength λ1 of the L5 band; the length Y and width X of the radiating patch 20 constitute the outer dimensions to match the wavelength λ5 of the L1 band.

[0027] In the above technical solution, an L-shaped slot 30 is provided on the rectangular radiating patch 20 on the upper layer of the dielectric substrate 10. This slot is composed of a first slot segment 31 extending along the X direction and a second slot segment 32 extending along the Y direction. Due to the presence of the L-shaped slot 30, the propagation path of the current in the X direction is extended, causing the effective electrical length Z in the X direction to be less than the physical width X, while the physical length Y in the Y direction remains unchanged. This difference in the current path between the Y and X directions causes the radiating patch 20 to form a 90-degree phase difference between the radiated signals in the Y and X directions, thereby achieving right-hand circular polarization. At the same time, by matching the total length of the L-shaped slot 30 with the wavelength λ1 of 1.176 GHz in the L5 band, and by matching the outer dimensions formed by the length Y and width X of the radiating patch 20 with the wavelength λ5 of 1.575 GHz in the L1 band, the antenna can resonate in these two specific frequency bands, realizing dual-frequency reception. The total length of the L-shaped slot 30 is matched with the wavelength λ1 of the L5 band, and the antenna resonates in the L5 band by lengthening the current path; the length Y and width X of the radiating patch 20 constitute the outer dimensions to match the wavelength λ5 of the L1 band, and the antenna resonates in the L1 band by exciting higher-order modes.

[0028] The GPS antenna performance diagram of this embodiment is as follows: Figure 5As shown, the antenna can operate at frequencies of 1.575 GHz and 1.176 GHz respectively. At 1.575 GHz, the antenna has a return loss of -14.95 dB and a voltage standing wave ratio of 1.4; at 1.176 GHz, the antenna has a return loss of -13.96 dB. The results indicate that the antenna achieves good impedance characteristics in the GPS band and can effectively receive GPS L1+L5 frequency signals.

[0029] Compared to traditional GPS ceramic built-in antennas that use two different ceramic stack designs to achieve L1 and L5 frequency bands, this antenna adopts a single-layer structure, which greatly simplifies the manufacturing process and effectively reduces production costs. At the same time, the single-layer design avoids the large volume problem caused by stacking, making it better suited to the trend of compact and exquisite electronic products. The designed GPS antenna has an overall length of 25mm, a width of 25mm, and a thickness of 4mm. Compared with existing GPS antennas, its volume is significantly reduced, making it easier to apply in miniaturized and portable satellite navigation and positioning devices. Therefore, it meets the stringent requirements of many new electronic devices for compact space layout, improves product space utilization, enhances product competitiveness in the market, and opens up new avenues for the widespread application of GPS antennas in modern electronic devices.

[0030] The antenna performance diagram for this embodiment is as follows: Figure 5 and 6 As shown, the antenna can operate at frequencies of 1.575 GHz and 1.176 GHz, respectively. At 1.575 GHz, the antenna's return loss is -14.95 dB and its voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) is 1.4; at 1.176 GHz, the return loss is -13.96 dB. The results indicate that the antenna achieves good impedance characteristics in the GPS band and can reliably receive GPS L1 + L5 frequency signals.

[0031] Based on the above embodiments, it is further proposed that the dielectric substrate 10 is formed of a ceramic substrate with a dielectric constant of X. The ceramic substrate has good dielectric stability, which can effectively reduce signal loss during signal transmission and ensure the accuracy and stability of the antenna receiving signals in the L1 and L5 frequency bands. Its high mechanical strength and thermal stability enable the antenna to maintain good working condition under different environmental conditions, improving the antenna's durability and reliability. In addition, the radiating patch 20 is formed of conductive silver paste. The conductive silver paste has excellent conductivity, which can efficiently conduct current and enhance the radiation capability of the radiating patch 20, thereby improving the antenna's signal receiving sensitivity. At the same time, the conductive silver paste has relatively low cost and is easy to process and mold. The radiating patch 20 can be accurately fabricated on the ceramic substrate through printing and other processes, further simplifying the production process, reducing production costs, and helping to realize the large-scale production and application of the antenna.

[0032] Based on the above embodiments, it is further proposed that a metal feed pin 12 is normally provided on the dielectric substrate 10, the upper end of the metal feed pin 12 is connected to the upper silver paste plating layer through the feed point 11, and the lower end of the metal feed pin 12 protrudes from the dielectric substrate 10. From a signal transmission perspective, the metal feed pin 12, as a highly efficient signal transmission medium, can accurately and quickly introduce external signals into the radiating patch 20, significantly reducing signal loss during transmission and greatly improving the antenna's reception and transmission efficiency for L1 and L5 band signals, thus effectively ensuring the accuracy of positioning and navigation functions. In terms of installation and application, the lower end of the metal feed pin 12 protruding from the dielectric substrate 10 provides a convenient and stable connection method for antenna installation. Whether soldered onto the circuit board of electronic equipment or using other connection methods, it ensures a reliable connection between the antenna and the equipment circuitry, enhancing the antenna's adaptability and ease of installation in different electronic devices. Simultaneously, the structure of the metal feed pin 12 penetrating the dielectric substrate 10 enhances the overall structural stability of the antenna to a certain extent, enabling it to maintain good working condition even under complex vibration and impact environments, further improving the antenna's durability and reliability, and laying a solid foundation for its widespread application in various scenarios.

[0033] Based on the above embodiments, a reflective layer 13 is further proposed to be disposed on the bottom layer of the dielectric substrate 10. The reflective layer 13 is formed of conductive silver paste and is not connected to the metal feed pin 12. From the perspective of signal optimization, the reflective layer 13 can effectively reflect signals from below the antenna, redirecting signals that might otherwise be lost or scattered to the direction of the radiating patch 20, thereby enhancing the antenna's reception strength for L1 and L5 frequency band signals, significantly improving the antenna's radiation efficiency, and making positioning and navigation signals more accurate and stable. In terms of anti-interference, the reflective layer 13 acts as a barrier, blocking stray signals generated by other electronic components below the antenna, reducing signal interference, improving the antenna's anti-interference capability in complex electromagnetic environments, and ensuring stable antenna operation. In addition, the presence of the reflective layer 13 does not compromise the electrical isolation characteristics of the overall structure due to its connection to the metal feed pin 12, avoiding potential signal crosstalk risks, and to a certain extent enhancing the stability of the overall antenna structure in terms of electrical performance, further improving the antenna's applicability and reliability in various complex scenarios, and providing strong support for its widespread application.

[0034] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention.

Claims

1. A single-layer single-feed dual-frequency GPS antenna, characterized in that, The GPS antenna includes a dielectric substrate (10), a radiation patch (20) arranged on the upper layer of the dielectric substrate (10), and a feed point (11) arranged on the radiation patch (20). The radiation patch (20) is in a rectangular structure with a length Y and a width X, so that the radiation patch (20) has a length direction Y and a width direction X. An L-shaped slot (30) is arranged on the radiation patch (20). The L-shaped slot (30) includes a first slot section (31) extending along the X direction and a second slot section (32) extending along the Y direction. The slot width is a. The L-shaped slot (30) lengthens the propagation path of the current in the X direction, so that the effective electrical length Z in the X direction is smaller than the physical width X, while the physical length Y in the Y direction remains unchanged. The current path difference between the Y direction and the X direction is arranged to form a 90-degree phase difference between the radiation signals in the Y direction and the X direction of the radiation patch (20), so that right-handed circular polarization is realized.

2. The single-layer single-feed dual-frequency GPS antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The GPS antenna resonates at an L1 frequency band of 1.575 GHz and an L5 frequency band of 1.176 GHz. The total length of the L-shaped slot (30) matches the wavelength λ1 of the L5 frequency band. The length Y and the width X of the radiation patch (20) form the peripheral size to match the wavelength λ5 of the L1 frequency band.

3. The single-layer single-feed dual-frequency GPS antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The dielectric substrate (10) is formed of a ceramic substrate with a dielectric constant X.

4. The single-layer single-feed dual-frequency GPS antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The radiation patch (20) is formed of conductive silver paste.

5. The single-layer single-feed dual-frequency GPS antenna according to claim 1, wherein, A metal feed pin (12) is arranged on the dielectric substrate (10) in the normal direction. The upper end of the metal feed pin (12) is connected to the upper layer of the silver paste plating layer through the feed point (11). The lower end of the metal feed pin (12) protrudes from the dielectric substrate (10).

6. The single-layer single-feed dual-frequency GPS antenna according to claim 5, wherein, The bottom layer of the dielectric substrate (10) is provided with a reflection layer (13). The reflection layer (13) is formed of conductive silver paste, and the reflection layer (13) is not connected to the metal feed pin (12).

7. The single-layer single-feed dual-frequency GPS antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The overall length of the GPS antenna is 25 mm, the width is 25 mm, and the thickness is 4 mm.

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