Peanut digging harvester

Abstract

The utility model relates to a peanut digging harvester, which can effectively reduce the peanut dropping rate, separate seedlings cleanly, drop few peanuts, enable the peanuts dropping on the ground to face upwards and the seedlings to face downwards, facilitate airing and picking of the peanuts by a machine, and further reduce the harvesting loss, and adopts the technical scheme that a depth limiting roller is arranged at the front end part of a rack, and a gearbox is arranged at the front part of the rack; an output shaft of the gearbox is connected with a seedling separating roller below the rack, the bottom of the seedling separating roller is connected with a scraper knife, the scraper knife is connected with a first support below the rack, a first chain wheel is arranged below the rear portion of the first support, and the first chain wheel is connected with a second chain wheel through a front conveying chain ladder; according to the peanut digging and harvesting machine, seedlings and soil can be conveyed backwards at the same time, the pressing rollers extrude the seedlings and the soil at the same time, direct contact with peanuts is relieved while the soil is crushed, the peanut dropping rate is reduced, seedlings are separated cleanly, the number of dropped peanuts is small, and the peanut digging and harvesting machine is an innovation of a peanut digging and harvesting machine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machinery, and in particular to a peanut digging and harvesting machine. Background Technology

[0002] For a long time, peanut planting, harvesting, and processing have relied heavily on manual labor, resulting in high labor intensity and low efficiency. In the entire peanut production process, the harvesting stage accounts for more than one-third of the total labor and over 50% of the total production cost. With the development of agricultural modernization and rising labor costs, the demand for mechanized peanut harvesting is becoming increasingly urgent. Developing mechanized peanut harvesting is of practical significance for reducing operating costs, improving efficiency, minimizing harvest losses, and increasing farmers' income.

[0003] The continuous advancement of agricultural machinery technology has provided technical support for the research and development and application of peanut harvesting machines. For example, the development of tractor suspension technology, power transmission technology, digging shovel design technology, and cleaning technology has enabled the continuous improvement and optimization of peanut harvesting machines.

[0004] Against the backdrop of a declining domestic soybean industry and continuously rising rapeseed imports, the sustainable and healthy development of the peanut industry is a matter of strategic security for my country's oilseed industry. This has prompted the government and enterprises to increase investment in the research and development of peanut harvesting machinery to improve the mechanization level of peanut production and ensure the stable development of the peanut industry. Therefore, the improvement and innovation of peanut digging and harvesting machines is an urgent issue that needs to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above situation and to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a peanut digging and harvesting machine that can effectively reduce the peanut drop rate, separate the vines cleanly and reduce the number of peanuts dropped, and ensure that the peanuts fall to the ground with the peanuts facing upwards and the vines facing downwards, which is convenient for drying and machine picking, and further reduces harvest losses.

[0006] The technical solution provided by this utility model includes a depth-limiting roller, a frame, a gearbox, a transmission chain, and a shovel. The depth-limiting roller is installed at the front end of the frame, and the gearbox is installed at the front of the frame. The output shaft of the gearbox is connected to a seedling-separating roller below the frame. A shovel is connected to the bottom of the seedling-separating roller and is connected to a first support mounted below the frame. A first sprocket is installed at the rear lower part of the first support. The first sprocket is connected to a second sprocket via a front conveyor chain ladder. The second sprocket is connected to a first pulley and a second pulley mounted on a second support via a first transmission chain. A ground wheel is installed at the rear lower part of the frame via a column. The second support is connected to the column via a crossbeam. A third sprocket is installed on the crossbeam between the second sprocket and the ground wheel. A fourth sprocket is installed on the frame behind the ground wheel via the third support. The third sprocket is connected to the fourth sprocket via a rear conveyor chain ladder. The fourth sprocket is connected to a seedling-turning disc mounted on a fourth support via a second transmission chain. The second pulley is connected to the fourth sprocket via the third transmission chain. The gearbox is connected to the fourth sprocket via the fourth transmission chain.

[0007] Furthermore, the rice-turning star plate is equipped with several rice-turning slides; a vibrating wheel is installed in the middle of the rear conveyor chain ladder; and the rice-turning star plate is installed at the rear end of the frame.

[0008] Furthermore, a traction frame is installed at the front end of the frame above the depth-limiting roller.

[0009] Furthermore, the second sprocket is mounted on the crossbeam via the first connecting shaft, the ground wheel is connected to the longitudinal rod via the third connecting shaft, the third sprocket is mounted on the crossbeam via the fourth connecting shaft, and the rice-turning star plate is mounted on the fourth bracket via the fifth connecting shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, the second pulley is fixed to the frame via a second connecting shaft, and a pressure roller close to the first sprocket is fixed between the second connecting shaft and the first bracket via a connecting rod. The connecting rod of the pressure roller is coaxial with the first pulley.

[0011] Furthermore, the rising angle of the front conveyor chain ladder is 24°-28°, and the crossbar between the chain ladders is a smooth round bar or flat plate, which facilitates the entry of the seedling soil into the front conveyor chain ladder from the shovel. At the same time, it is beneficial for the pressure roller to crush the seedling soil, so that the peanut seedlings and fruits do not flip forward or become entangled, thus reducing fruit drop.

[0012] Furthermore, the rear conveyor chain ladder has an ascent angle of 40°-45°, and the crossbars between the chain ladders are round rods with nail teeth or flat plates with nail teeth, which facilitates the separation of seedlings and soil. Larger soil clods can be rolled forward by the rear conveyor chain ladder; a shorter distance is required to reach the desired height, thus shortening the overall length of the machine.

[0013] Preferably, the length of the spike teeth on the rear conveyor chain ladder is 45mm-60mm, and the angle between the spike teeth and the conveying surface of the rear conveyor chain ladder is 60°-75°. This is beneficial for conveying the peanut vines and fruits backward and upward without pulling them back, and for helping the soil clods on the vines and fruits to fall off.

[0014] Preferably, the turning star plate is symmetrical from left to right, and the angle between its axis and the vertical plane is 120°-150°, which is conducive to turning and laying peanut seedlings.

[0015] The beneficial technical effects of this utility model are:

[0016] 1. The front conveyor chain ladder has a small upward angle, which is conducive to the simultaneous conveying of seedlings and soil to the rear. The conveyor rods between the chain ladders are smooth round rods or flat plates, which reduces the collision between seedlings and soil and peanuts during the conveying process. The pressure rollers squeeze the seedlings and soil at the same time, breaking up the soil and reducing direct contact with peanuts, thus reducing the drop rate.

[0017] 2. The rear conveyor chain ladder has the same linear speed as the front conveyor chain ladder. The peanut vines and fruits move at a constant speed from the front conveyor chain ladder to the rear conveyor chain ladder. The spikes on the rear conveyor chain ladder carry away the peanut vines and fruits, and the soil clods fall off. The separation of vines is clean and the number of fallen fruits is small.

[0018] 3. The rear conveyor chain ladder has a large upward angle, which can lift the peanut vines to a certain height in a short distance, providing working space for the rear turning plate.

[0019] 4. The turning star plate and the turning slide are symmetrically distributed. The turning star plate pushes the peanut vines to slide backward along the turning slide, so that the peanut vines are turned over and fall to the ground with the peanuts facing up and the vines facing down, which is convenient for drying and machine picking, and further reduces harvest losses. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is the main structural view of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a top view of the structure of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a rear view of the rice-turning star plate of this utility model.

[0023] In the diagram, 1 is the depth limiting roller, 2 is the traction frame, 3 is the shovel, 4 is the seedling separating roller, 5 is the gearbox, 6 is the pressure roller, 7 is the frame, 8 is the front conveyor chain ladder, 9a is the first transmission chain, 9b is the second transmission chain, 9c is the third transmission chain, 9d is the fourth transmission chain, 10 is the rear conveyor chain ladder, 11 is the vibrating wheel, 12 is the seedling turning slide, 13 is the seedling turning star plate, 14 is the ground wheel, 15a is the first support, 15b is the second support, 15b is the third support, 15d is the fourth support, 16 is the first pulley, 17 is the second pulley, 18a is the first sprocket, 18b is the second sprocket, 18c is the third sprocket, 18d is the fourth sprocket, 19a is the first connecting shaft, 19b is the second connecting shaft, 19c is the third connecting shaft, 19d is the fourth connecting shaft, 19d is the fifth connecting shaft, 20 is the crossbeam, and 21 is the column. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The specific implementation of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0025] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0026] Depend on Figure 1-3 The present invention includes a depth-limiting roller, a frame, a gearbox, a transmission chain, and a shovel. A depth-limiting roller 1 is mounted at the front end of the frame 7, and a gearbox 5 is mounted at the front of the frame 2. The output shaft of the gearbox 5 is connected to a seedling-separating roller 4 below the frame 7. A shovel 3 is connected to the bottom of the seedling-separating roller 4 and is connected to a first support 15a mounted below the frame 7. A first sprocket 18a is mounted below the rear of the first support 15a. The first sprocket 18a is connected to a second sprocket 18b via a front conveyor chain ladder 8. The second sprocket 18b is connected to a first pulley 16 and a second pulley 17 mounted on the second support 15b via a first transmission chain 9a. The lower rear of the frame 7 is connected via... The column 21 is equipped with a ground wheel 14. The second bracket 15b is connected to the column 21 via the crossbeam 20. A third sprocket 18c is installed on the crossbeam 20 between the second sprocket 18b and the ground wheel 14. A fourth sprocket 18d is installed on the frame 7 behind the ground wheel 14 via the third bracket 15c. The third sprocket 18c is connected to the fourth sprocket 18d via the rear conveyor chain ladder 10. The fourth sprocket 18d is connected to the rice turning disc 13 installed on the fourth bracket 15d via the second transmission chain 9b. The second pulley 17 is connected to the fourth sprocket 18d via the third transmission chain 9c. The gearbox 5 is connected to the fourth sprocket 18d via the fourth transmission chain 9d.

[0027] Furthermore, the rice-turning star plate 13 is equipped with several rice-turning sliding strips 12.

[0028] Furthermore, a vibrating wheel 11 is installed in the middle of the rear conveyor chain ladder 10.

[0029] Furthermore, the rice-turning star plate 13 is mounted on the fourth bracket 15d via the fifth connecting shaft 19e.

[0030] Furthermore, the rice-turning star plate 13 is mounted on the rear end of the frame 7.

[0031] Furthermore, a traction frame 2 is installed at the front end of the frame 7 above the depth limiting roller 1.

[0032] Furthermore, the second sprocket 18b is mounted on the crossbeam 20 via the first connecting shaft 19a.

[0033] Furthermore, the second pulley 17 is fixed to the frame 7 via the second connecting shaft 19b, and a pressure roller 6 close to the first sprocket 18a is fixed between the second connecting shaft 19b and the first bracket 15a via a connecting rod. The connecting rod of the pressure roller 6 is coaxial with the first pulley 16.

[0034] Furthermore, the ground wheel 14 is connected to the column 21 via the third connecting shaft 19c.

[0035] Furthermore, the third sprocket 18c is mounted on the crossbeam 20 via the fourth connecting shaft 19d.

[0036] Furthermore, the rising angle of the front conveyor chain ladder 8 is 24°-28°, and the crossbar between the chain ladders is a smooth round bar or flat plate, which facilitates the entry of the seedling soil into the front conveyor chain ladder from the shovel. At the same time, it is beneficial for the pressure roller to crush the seedling soil, so that the peanut seedlings and fruits do not flip forward or become entangled, thus reducing fruit drop.

[0037] Furthermore, the rear conveyor chain ladder 10 has an upward angle of 40°-45°, and the crossbar between the chain ladders is a round bar with nail teeth or a flat plate with nail teeth, which facilitates the separation of seedlings and soil. Larger soil clods can be rolled forward by the rear conveyor chain ladder; a shorter distance is needed to reach the required height, thus shortening the overall length of the machine.

[0038] Preferably, the length of the nail teeth on the rear conveyor chain ladder 10 is 45mm-60mm, and the angle between the nail teeth and the conveying surface of the rear conveyor chain ladder is 60°-75°. This is beneficial for conveying the peanut vines and fruits backward and upward without pulling them back, and for helping the soil clods on the vines and fruits to fall off.

[0039] Preferably, the turning star plate 13 is symmetrical about the left and right, and the angle between the axis and the vertical plane is 120°-150°, which is conducive to the turning and laying of peanut seedlings.

[0040] The working principle of this invention is as follows: The peanut harvester is connected to the tractor via a traction frame. Power is transmitted from the tractor's rear output shaft to the gearbox, and the transmission chain drives the rotation of each component. The peanut vines and soil scooped up by the shovel are conveyed to the rear conveyor chain ladder via the front conveyor chain ladder. After being crushed by the pressure rollers, the soil reaches the rear conveyor chain ladder. The spikes on the rear conveyor chain ladder drive the peanut vines to the rear and upward, causing most of the soil clods to fall off. During the conveying process, the vibrating wheel impacts and vibrates the rear conveyor chain ladder, causing any remaining soil clods on the peanut vines to fall off again. The cleaned peanut vines and pods are then conveyed to the rear turning disc of the machine, where they are pushed backward and slide down the turning slide bar, eventually landing on the ground.

[0041] The gearbox 5, as the core component for power distribution and speed change, is connected to other power-requiring components via a transmission chain, transmitting power to them. The transmission chain connects different rotating parts, realizing the transmission and distribution of power. Components such as the separating roller 4, pressure roller 6, vibrating wheel 11, and turning disc 13 can obtain power from the gearbox 5 through the transmission chain to achieve their respective operating actions. For example, the separating roller 4 performs the separating operation under power drive, the pressure roller 6 performs the rolling action on the seedlings and soil, the vibrating wheel 11 generates vibration, and the turning disc 13 realizes the turning function. The front conveyor chain ladder 8 and the rear conveyor chain ladder 10 cooperate with each other. The front conveyor chain ladder 8 initially conveys the seedlings and soil, and the rear conveyor chain ladder 10 takes over to further convey the seedlings and fruits, realizing the long-distance transmission of seedlings and fruits within the machine. The turning slide 12 cooperates with the turning disc 13 to assist the turning action and is associated with the position of the conveyor chain ladder to ensure that the seedlings and fruits can fall smoothly to the ground with the peanuts facing upwards after turning. The traction frame 2 connects to an external traction power source, linking the implement to the traction equipment to enable mobile operation. The depth-limiting roller 1 and ground wheel 14 are connected to the frame 7. The depth-limiting roller 1 limits the depth of the implement into the soil, while the ground wheel 14 supports the implement and assists in movement. Through contact with the ground, they provide stable support and movement assistance. The blade 3 is installed at the front of the frame 7. During the implement's movement, it performs preliminary treatment such as shoveling (digging) up the peanut vines, pods, and root soil, preparing for subsequent conveying and vine-soil separation operations. The conveyor chain ladder behind the blade consists of two parts: a shorter front conveyor chain ladder with a smaller ascent angle, and smooth round bars or flat plates between the chain ladders; and a larger ascent angle for the rear conveyor chain ladder, with toothed round bars or flat plates between the chain ladders. A vibrating wheel is located in the middle of the rear conveyor chain ladder. There is an elastic pressure roller above the front conveyor chain ladder, and a seedling turning star plate below the rear conveyor chain ladder. There are seedling turning slides between the seedling turning star plates, and the seedling turning slides extend smoothly in an arc to the rear and lower part.

[0042] This invention features a small upward angle for the front conveyor chain ladder, which facilitates the simultaneous transport of seedlings and soil to the rear. The pressure rollers simultaneously compress the seedlings and soil, breaking up the soil while reducing direct contact with the peanut pods, thus lowering the pod drop rate. The large upward angle of the rear conveyor chain ladder elevates the peanut vines and pods to a certain height within a short distance, providing working space for the rear turning disc. The rear conveyor chain ladder operates at the same linear speed as the front conveyor chain ladder, ensuring uniform movement of the peanut vines and pods. The spikes on the rear conveyor chain ladder carry away the peanut vines and pods, resulting in clean separation and minimal pod drop. The turning disc and turning slides are symmetrically distributed, ensuring that the peanut pods land on the ground with the vines facing upwards and the vines downwards, facilitating drying and machine pickup, further reducing harvest losses. This innovative design for peanut harvesting machines offers significant economic and social benefits.

Claims

1. A peanut digger-harvester comprising a depth wheel, a frame, a gearbox, a drive chain and a blade, characterized in that, The front end of the frame (7) is provided with a depth limiting roller (1), and the front part of the frame (7) is provided with a gearbox (5), the output shaft of the gearbox (5) is connected with a separating roller (4) below the frame (7), the bottom of the separating roller (4) is connected with a spade (3), the spade (3) is connected with a first support (15a) below the frame (7), the first support (15a) is provided with a first sprocket (18a) below the rear part, the first sprocket (18a) is connected with a second sprocket (18b) through a front conveying chain ladder (8), the second sprocket (18b) is connected with a first pulley (16) and a second pulley (17) provided on a second support (15b) through a first transmission chain (9a), the frame (7) is provided with a ground wheel (14) through a vertical column (21) below the rear part, the second support (15b) is connected with the vertical column (21) through a cross beam (20), the cross beam (20) is provided with a third sprocket (18c) between the second sprocket (18b) and the ground wheel (14), the frame (7) is provided with a fourth sprocket (18d) through a third support (15c) behind the ground wheel (14), the third sprocket (18c) is connected with the fourth sprocket (18d) through a rear conveying chain ladder (10), the fourth sprocket (18d) is connected with a turning-over star disc (13) provided on a fourth support (15d) through a second transmission chain (9b), the second pulley (17) is connected with the fourth sprocket (18d) through a third transmission chain (9c), and the gearbox (5) is connected with the fourth sprocket (18d) through a fourth transmission chain (9d).

2. The peanut digger-harvester of claim 1, wherein, The turning-over star disc (13) is provided with a plurality of turning-over slides (12), the rear conveying chain ladder (10) is provided with a vibrating wheel (11) in the middle, and the turning-over star disc (13) is provided at the rear end of the frame (7).

3. The peanut digger-harvester of claim 1, wherein, The front end of the frame (7) above the depth limiting roller (1) is provided with a traction frame (2).

4. The peanut digger-harvester of claim 1, wherein, The second sprocket (18b) is provided on the cross beam (20) through a first connecting shaft (19a), the ground wheel (14) is connected with the vertical column (21) through a third connecting shaft (19c), the third sprocket (18c) is provided on the cross beam (20) through a fourth connecting shaft (19d), and the turning-over star disc (13) is provided on the fourth support (15d) through a fifth connecting shaft (19e).

5. The peanut digger-harvester of claim 1, wherein, The second pulley (17) is fixed on the frame (7) through a second connecting shaft (19b), a pressing roller (6) close to the first sprocket (18a) is fixed between the second connecting shaft (19b) and the first support (15a) through a connecting rod, and the connecting rod of the pressing roller (6) is coaxial with the first pulley (16) and the second pulley (17).

6. The peanut digger-harvester of claim 1, wherein, The ascending angle of the front conveying chain ladder (8) is 24°-28°, and the cross bar between the chain ladders is a smooth round bar or a flat plate; the ascending angle of the rear conveying chain ladder (10) is 40°-45°, and the cross bar between the chain ladders is a toothed round bar or a toothed flat plate.

7. The peanut digger-harvester of claim 1, wherein, The length of the tooth of the rear conveying chain ladder (10) is 45mm-60mm, and the included angle between the tooth and the conveying surface of the rear conveying chain ladder is 60°-75°.

8. The peanut digger-harvester of claim 1, wherein, The seedling turning star disc (13) is left-right symmetrical, and the included angle of the axis on the vertical plane is 120°-150°.

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