Coal gangue crushing and screening device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of crushing and screening, and discloses a coal gangue crushing and screening device which comprises a box body, a feeding hopper is arranged in the center of the upper end face of the box body, a crushing cavity is formed in the upper portion of the box body, and a screening structure is arranged below the crushing cavity. The screening structure comprises a multi-layer vibrating screen which is detachably mounted in the box body, and the multi-layer vibrating screen is provided with a lock body outside the box body; a magnetic attraction box is arranged on the lower portion of the box body, a magnetic attraction treatment structure is arranged in the magnetic attraction box, the magnetic attraction box is located below the screening structure, a magnetic attraction opening is formed between the magnetic attraction box and the box body, a magnetic discharging groove is formed in the bottom of the magnetic attraction box, and the magnetic attraction treatment structure comprises a magnetic attraction assembly and a scraper assembly; the scraper assembly is used for scraping the magnetic materials from the magnetic suction assembly, and the magnetic discharging groove is matched with the scraper assembly in position and used for collecting the magnetic materials. According to the utility model, magnetic impurities can be effectively reduced, and the coal gangue quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of crushing and screening, and in particular to a coal gangue crushing and screening device. Background Technology

[0002] Coal gangue is a solid waste generated during coal mining. Its treatment and utilization have always been important issues in the coal industry. The rational utilization of coal gangue can not only reduce environmental pollution but also improve resource utilization. Coal gangue can be used for roadbed filling, and its engineering properties are superior to traditional soil materials. The final settlement of coal gangue-filled roadbeds is a key factor in their stability. By compacting coal gangue, its porosity can be reduced, making the structure more compact and the roadbed more stable.

[0003] Coal gangue crushing and screening devices typically use a conveyor to deliver the material to the feed inlet. To remove magnetic impurities, a roller adsorption structure is installed on top of the conveyor. However, some magnetic substances are trapped inside the coal gangue, and roller adsorption alone is insufficient for complete removal. The crushed coal gangue still contains magnetic impurities, affecting its subsequent utilization value. Furthermore, existing devices are inconvenient for screen replacement, making it difficult to quickly adjust screening specifications to adapt to different coal gangue characteristics and production needs. This results in low screening efficiency, susceptibility to clogging, and other problems that impact production progress. Additionally, the large amount of dust emitted poses a serious threat to the environment and the health of workers. Therefore, those skilled in the art have provided a coal gangue crushing and screening device to address the problems mentioned in the background section. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a coal gangue crushing and screening device that uses magnets to adsorb magnetic substances in coal gangue, thereby reducing hazards and pollution and purifying the working environment.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a coal gangue crushing and screening device, comprising a box body, a feeding hopper at the center of the upper end face of the box body, a crushing chamber at the upper part of the box body, and a screening structure below the crushing chamber;

[0006] The screening structure includes multiple layers of vibrating screens, which are detachably installed inside the housing, and the multiple layers of vibrating screens are provided with a locking body outside the housing.

[0007] The lower part of the box is equipped with a magnetic attraction box, and each magnetic attraction box has a magnetic attraction processing structure inside. The magnetic attraction box is located below the screening structure. A magnetic attraction port is opened between the magnetic attraction box and the box body. A magnetic discharge groove is provided at the bottom of the magnetic attraction box. The magnetic attraction processing structure includes a magnetic attraction component and a scraper component. The magnetic attraction component is used to attract magnetic materials through the magnetic attraction port. The scraper component is used to scrape the magnetic materials off the magnetic attraction component. The magnetic discharge groove is positioned to cooperate with the scraper component to collect the magnetic materials.

[0008] The above technical solutions improve the adsorption efficiency and effect of magnetic materials, ensure that the magnetic treatment structure can play its full role, effectively reduce magnetic impurities in coal gangue, and improve the quality of coal gangue.

[0009] Furthermore, the magnetic attraction assembly includes an electric telescopic rod and a magnet, with the magnet fixedly connected to the output end of the electric telescopic rod, and the magnet facing the magnetic attraction port;

[0010] The scraper assembly includes a drive structure and a scraper. The drive structure is connected to the scraper and is used to drive the scraper to move so that the scraper peels the magnetic material off the magnet. The scraper is made of a non-magnetic material.

[0011] The direction in which the electric telescopic rod drives the magnet to move is perpendicular to the direction in which the drive structure drives the scraper to move.

[0012] The above technical solution uses an electric telescopic rod to push a magnet close to the magnetic inlet to adsorb magnetic substances in coal gangue. The drive device then moves a scraper to peel off the magnetic material from the magnet. This effectively reduces the amount of magnetic material in the coal gangue, improves its quality, and facilitates the cleaning of the adsorbed magnetic material, ensuring the continuous working performance of the magnetic treatment structure.

[0013] Furthermore, the driving structure includes the first frame, the first slide groove, the second motor, the lead screw, and the slider;

[0014] The first frame is located on one side of the center of the inner wall of the magnetic box, and the second motor is located on the upper part of the center of the front end of the magnetic box. A first groove is provided at the center of the lower end face of the first frame. The output end of the second motor passes through the front end face of the magnetic box, the front end face of the first frame and the front end face of the first groove in sequence to the inside of the first groove, and a lead screw is fixedly connected to the end. A slider is threaded on the outer wall of the lead screw, and a scraper is provided at the center of one side wall of the slider.

[0015] With the above scheme, the second motor drives the lead screw to rotate, causing the slider to move in the first groove, and the scraper on the slider scrapes off the magnetic material adsorbed on the magnet.

[0016] Furthermore, the upper end face of the box is provided with an upper cover structure, the upper cover structure includes an upper cover box, four magnetic slots and four magnetic blocks, the upper cover box is located at the center of the upper end face of the box, the four magnetic slots are arranged in a rectangular arrangement on the upper end face of the box, and the four magnetic blocks are arranged in a rectangular arrangement on the lower end face of the upper cover box.

[0017] Through the above technical solution, the upper cover box is fixed by mutual adsorption between the magnetic block and the magnetic groove, which makes it easy to open and close, and can effectively prevent coal gangue from splashing out during crushing and screening, ensuring a safe and clean working environment.

[0018] Furthermore, the upper part of the box is provided with an air intake and dust exhaust structure, which includes an air intake frame and a dust exhaust port. The air intake frame is located at the upper center of one side wall of the box, and the dust exhaust port is located at the upper center of the other side wall of the box. Negative pressure fans are provided at one side of the center inside the air intake frame and the dust exhaust port. Three lifting boxes are arranged horizontally at the other side of the center inside the dust exhaust port. The three lifting boxes are respectively provided with filter cotton, activated carbon and filter membrane.

[0019] The above technical solution uses a negative pressure fan to create airflow inside the chamber, which discharges dust from the dust outlet. The dust is filtered and purified by three separate boxes containing filter cotton, activated carbon, and filter membranes. This effectively reduces dust generated during crushing and screening, purifies the working environment, and reduces the harm of dust to operators and environmental pollution.

[0020] Furthermore, two first motors are horizontally arranged outside the crushing chamber. The output ends of the two first motors pass through the front end face of the chamber and extend into the interior of the chamber. Each motor is fixedly connected to a crushing roller at its end. The two crushing rollers are located below the feed hopper and are used to crush coal gangue.

[0021] Furthermore, a material guide hopper for discharging is provided at the bottom of the box, and a material discharge solenoid valve is provided at the discharge port of the material guide hopper.

[0022] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. In this utility model, the coal gangue crushing and screening device uses a magnet to adhere to the magnetic inlet to adsorb magnetic substances in the crushed coal gangue. A second motor drives the lead screw to rotate, and the lead screw drives the slider to move, so that the scraper on the slider scrapes off the magnetic substances adsorbed on the magnet. This can effectively reduce the magnetic substances in the coal gangue and improve the quality of the coal gangue.

[0024] 2. In this utility model, by using a multi-layer vibrating screen that can be detachably installed inside the box, it is easier to operate when the screen needs to be replaced or repaired, greatly reducing maintenance costs and time. It eliminates the need for large-scale disassembly of the entire device, allowing for treatment of only specific screens, thus improving the maintainability of the equipment.

[0025] 3. In this utility model, a negative pressure fan creates airflow inside the box, which discharges dust from the dust outlet. The filter cotton, activated carbon, and filter membrane inside the box filter and purify the discharged dust, effectively reducing the dust generated during crushing and screening, purifying the working environment, and reducing dust hazards and pollution. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the coal gangue crushing and screening device proposed in this utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a front sectional view of the coal gangue crushing and screening device proposed in this utility model;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a side sectional view of the magnetic box of the coal gangue crushing and screening device proposed in this utility model;

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged diagram of point A in the middle.

[0030] Legend:

[0031] 1. Housing; 2. Feed hopper; 3. Discharge solenoid valve; 4. First motor; 5. Crushing roller; 6. Screening structure; 601. Vibrating screen; 602. Lock body; 7. Magnetic attraction structure; 701. First frame; 702. First chute; 703. Second motor; 704. Lead screw; 705. Sliding block; 706. Electric telescopic rod; 707. Magnet; 708. Magnetic attraction port; 709. Scraper; 8. Magnetic attraction box; 9. Air inlet and dust outlet structure; 901. Air inlet frame; 902. Negative pressure fan; 903. Dust outlet; 904. Lifting box; 905. Filter cotton; 906. Activated carbon; 907. Filter membrane; 10. Feed guide bin. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0033] Reference Figure 1-4An embodiment of this utility model provides a coal gangue crushing and screening device, including a box body 1. A feeding hopper 2 is provided at the center of the upper end face of the box body 1. Two first motors 4 are arranged horizontally on the upper part of the box body 1. The output ends of the two first motors 4 pass through the front end face of the box body 1 and extend into the interior of the box body 1. Crushing rollers 5 are fixedly connected to the ends of the two first motors 4. The two crushing rollers 5 are located below the feeding hopper 2 and are used to crush coal gangue. A screening structure 6 is provided below the crushing rollers 5.

[0034] The screening structure 6 includes a multi-layer vibrating screen 601, which is detachably installed inside the housing 1. A locking body 602 is provided outside the housing 1 for the multi-layer vibrating screen 601. After the coal gangue is crushed, it enters the housing 1 containing the multi-layer vibrating screen 601. Under the action of the power device, the multi-layer vibrating screen 601 generates high-frequency vibration. Coal gangue particles of different sizes pass through different layers of the vibrating screen 601 sequentially according to their size under the vibration. Larger particles are retained in the upper layer of the vibrating screen 601, while smaller particles gradually pass through each layer. The vibrating screen 601 ultimately achieves the grading and screening of coal gangue according to different particle sizes. Since the vibrating screen 601 is detachably installed inside the housing 1, when it is necessary to replace or repair the vibrating screen 601, the housing 1 can be opened to release the locking body that locks the vibrating screen 601 to the housing 1, and the vibrating screen 601 can be easily removed from the housing 1. The locking body 602 set outside the housing 1 can firmly fix the vibrating screen 601 to the housing 1 after it is installed in place, ensuring that the vibrating screen 601 will not loosen or fall off during the vibrating screening process.

[0035] Both sides of the box 1 are equipped with magnetic boxes 8 at the lower center of each side wall. Both magnetic boxes 8 are equipped with magnetic treatment structures 7. The two magnetic boxes 8 are located below the screening structure 6.

[0036] The bottom of the box 1 is provided with a material guide hopper 10 for discharging materials. The discharge port of the material guide hopper 10 is provided with a discharge solenoid valve 3. The upper part of the box 1 is provided with an air inlet and dust removal structure 9. The control panel is located at the lower center of the front face of the box 1. The lower end face of the box 1 is provided with four support legs arranged in a rectangle. The control panel is used to control the operation of the entire device. The support legs play the role of supporting and stabilizing the box 1.

[0037] like Figure 3 , 4As shown, a magnetic attraction port 708 is provided between the magnetic attraction box 8 and the box body 1. A magnetic removal groove is provided at the bottom of the magnetic attraction box 708. The magnetic attraction processing structure 7 includes a magnetic attraction component and a scraper component. The magnetic attraction component includes an electric telescopic rod 706 and a magnet 707. The magnetic attraction component and the magnetic attraction port 708 are located on the same straight line for attracting magnetic materials. The scraper component includes a first frame 701, a first sliding groove 702, a second motor 703, a lead screw 704, a slider 705, and a scraper 709 for scraping magnetic materials off the magnet. The magnetic removal groove is positioned to cooperate with the scraper component for collecting magnetic materials.

[0038] Preferably, the scraper 709 is made of non-magnetic materials such as plastic or rubber.

[0039] The first frame 701 is located on one side of the center of the inner wall of the magnetic box 8. The second motor 703 is located on the upper part of the center of the front end of the magnetic box 8. The electric telescopic rod 706 is located on the center of the inner side wall of the magnetic box 8. The center of the lower end face of the first frame 701 is provided with a first slide groove 702. The output end of the second motor 703 passes through the front end face of the magnetic box 8, the front end face of the first frame 701 and the front end face of the first slide groove 702 in sequence and enters the interior of the first slide groove 702. The end is fixedly connected with a lead screw 704. A slider 705 is threaded on the outer side wall of the lead screw 704. A scraper 709 is provided on the center of one side wall of the slider 705.

[0040] The output end of the electric telescopic rod 706 is fixedly connected to a magnet 707. A magnetic attraction port 708 is provided on one side wall of the box 1 near the magnet 707. The electric telescopic rod 706 pushes the magnet 707 close to the magnetic attraction port 708 on one side wall of the box 1 to attract magnetic substances in the coal gangue.

[0041] The second motor 703 drives the lead screw 704 to rotate, causing the slider 705 to move within the first groove 702. The scraper 709 on the slider 705 scrapes off the magnetic material adsorbed on the magnet 707, effectively reducing the magnetic material in the coal gangue and improving its quality. Simultaneously, it cleans the magnetic material adsorbed on the magnet, ensuring the continuous operation of the magnetic treatment structure 7. The magnetic suction port 708 and the magnet 707 are perfectly matched, improving the adsorption efficiency and effect of the magnetic material, ensuring that the magnetic treatment structure 7 can fully function, effectively reducing magnetic impurities in the coal gangue and improving its quality. The magnetic discharge groove can recycle the scraped magnetic material, reducing production costs.

[0042] The air intake and dust exhaust structure 9 includes an air intake frame 901 and a dust exhaust port 903. The air intake frame 901 is located at the upper center of one side wall of the housing 1, and the dust exhaust port 903 is located at the upper center of the other side wall of the housing 1. Negative pressure fans 902 are installed at one side of the center inside the air intake frame 901 and the dust exhaust port 903. Three lifting boxes 904 are arranged horizontally at the other side of the center inside the dust exhaust port 903. The three lifting boxes 904 are respectively equipped with filter cotton 905, activated carbon 906 and filter membrane 907. The negative pressure fans 902 create airflow inside the housing 1, which discharges dust from the dust exhaust port 903. The three lifting boxes 904 are respectively filled with filter cotton 905, activated carbon 906 and filter membrane 907 to filter and purify the discharged dust, which can effectively reduce the dust generated during crushing and screening, purify the working environment, and reduce the harm of dust to operators and the pollution to the environment.

[0043] Working principle: During operation, coal gangue enters the housing 1 from the feed hopper 2. After the coal gangue enters the housing 1, the upper cover box 301 is placed on the upper surface of the housing 1. The feed hopper 2 is sealed by mutual adsorption and fixation between the magnetic block 303 and the magnetic groove 302. This can effectively prevent coal gangue from splashing out during crushing and screening, ensuring a safe and clean working environment.

[0044] Two primary motors 4 drive two crushing rollers 5 to rotate, crushing the coal gangue. After crushing, the coal gangue enters a housing 1 containing multiple layers of vibrating screens 601. Under the action of the power unit, the multiple layers of vibrating screens 601 generate high-frequency vibration. Coal gangue particles of different sizes pass through different layers of vibrating screens 601 according to their size under the vibration. Larger particles are retained in the upper layer of vibrating screens 601, while smaller particles gradually pass through each layer, ultimately achieving the crushing of the coal gangue. For grading and screening particles of the same size, since the vibrating screen 601 is detachably installed inside the housing 1, when it is necessary to replace or repair the vibrating screen 601, the connection between the vibrating screen 601 and the housing 1 can be disconnected by opening the housing 1, and the vibrating screen 601 can be easily removed from the housing 1. The locking body 602 set outside the housing 1 can firmly fix the vibrating screen 601 to the housing 1 after it is installed in place, ensuring that the vibrating screen 601 will not loosen or fall off during the vibrating screening process.

[0045] The magnetic material in the coal gangue is adsorbed by the magnetic attraction port 708 on the side wall of the box 1, which is pushed by the electric telescopic rod 706 to the magnet 707. The second motor 703 drives the lead screw 704 to rotate, so that the slider 705 moves in the first slide groove 702. The scraper 709 on the slider 705 scrapes off the magnetic material adsorbed on the magnet 707, which can effectively reduce the magnetic material in the coal gangue and improve the quality of the coal gangue. At the same time, it is easy to clean the adsorbed magnetic material and ensure the continuous working performance of the magnetic treatment structure 7. The magnetic attraction port 708 and the magnet 707 are compatible with each other, which improves the adsorption efficiency and effect of magnetic material, ensuring that the magnetic treatment structure 7 can play its role, effectively reducing magnetic impurities in the coal gangue and improving the quality of the coal gangue. The screened coal gangue is discharged through the guide hopper 10 and controlled by the discharge solenoid valve 3.

[0046] In addition, during crushing and screening, the negative pressure fan 902 creates airflow inside the housing 1, which filters the dust and discharges it from the dust outlet 903. During filtration, the discharged dust is filtered and purified through three collection boxes 904, which are respectively equipped with filter cotton 905, activated carbon 906, and filter membrane 907. This effectively reduces the dust generated during crushing and screening, purifies the working environment, and reduces the harm of dust to operators and the pollution to the environment.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A coal gangue crushing and screening device, comprising a box body (1), characterized in that: The upper end face of the box (1) is provided with a feeding hopper (2), and the upper part of the box (1) is provided with a crushing cavity, and the crushing cavity is provided below with a screening structure (6); The screening structure (6) comprises a plurality of layers of vibrating screen meshes (601), the plurality of layers of vibrating screen meshes (601) are detachably installed in the box (1), and the plurality of layers of vibrating screen meshes (601) are provided outside the box (1) with locks (602); The lower part of the box (1) is provided with a magnetic suction box (8), the inside of the magnetic suction box (8) is provided with a magnetic suction treatment structure (7), the magnetic suction box (8) is located below the screening structure (6), a magnetic suction port (708) is formed between the magnetic suction box (8) and the box (1), a magnetic discharge groove is formed in the bottom of the magnetic suction box (8), and the magnetic suction treatment structure (7) comprises a magnetic suction assembly and a scraper assembly.

2. The coal refuse crushing and screening device of claim 1, wherein: The magnetic suction assembly comprises an electric telescopic rod (706) and a magnet (707), the output end of the electric telescopic rod (706) is fixedly connected with the magnet (707), and the magnet (707) faces the magnetic suction port (708); The scraper assembly comprises a driving structure and a scraper (709), the driving structure is connected with the scraper (709) and is used for driving the scraper (709) to move, so that the scraper (709) peels off the magnetic material from the magnet, and the scraper (709) is made of a non-magnetic material; The direction in which the electric telescopic rod (706) drives the magnet to move is perpendicular to the direction in which the driving structure drives the scraper (709) to move.

3. The coal refuse crushing and screening device of claim 2, wherein: The driving structure comprises a first frame (701), a first sliding groove (702), a second motor (703), a lead screw (704) and a sliding block (705); The first frame (701) is arranged at the center of the inner wall of the magnetic suction box (8) on one side, the second motor (703) is arranged at the center of the upper end of the magnetic suction box (8), the first frame (701) is provided with the first sliding groove (702) at the center of the lower end face, the output end of the second motor (703) penetrates the front end face of the magnetic suction box (8), the front end face of the first frame (701) and the front end face of the first sliding groove (702) in sequence and reaches the inside of the first sliding groove (702), and the end portion is fixedly connected with the lead screw (704), the sliding block (705) is threadedly sleeved on the outer side wall of the lead screw (704), and the sliding block (705) is provided with the scraper (709) at the center of one side wall.

4. The coal refuse crushing and screening device of claim 1, wherein: The upper part of the box (1) is provided with an air inlet dust removal structure (9), the air inlet dust removal structure (9) comprises an air inlet frame (901) and a dust outlet (903), the air inlet frame (901) is arranged at the upper center of one side wall of the box (1), the dust outlet (903) is arranged at the upper center of the other side wall of the box (1), the air inlet frame (901) and the dust outlet (903) are provided with a negative pressure fan (902) at the inner center of one side, and three lifting boxes (904) are horizontally arranged at the inner center of the other side of the dust outlet (903), and the three lifting boxes (904) are respectively provided with filter cotton (905), activated carbon (906) and filter membrane (907).

5. The coal refuse crushing and screening device of claim 1, wherein: The crushing cavity is provided with two first motors (4) outside the box (1) in the transverse direction, the output ends of the two first motors (4) penetrate through the front end face of the box (1) and extend to the inside of the box (1), and the end portions are fixedly connected with crushing rollers (5), and the two crushing rollers (5) are located below the feeding hopper (2) and are used for crushing coal gangue.

6. The coal refuse crushing and screening device of claim 1, wherein: The bottom of the box (1) is provided with a guide bin (10) for discharging materials, and the discharge port of the guide bin (10) is provided with a discharge electromagnetic valve (3).

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