Tunnel water treatment system in high-altitude and low-temperature region

Abstract

The utility model relates to a tunnel water treatment system in a high-altitude and low-temperature region. The system comprises a precipitation mechanism, a filtering mechanism, a sterilizer and a sludge tank, wherein the precipitation mechanism is used for removing large-particle impurities; the filtering mechanism is connected with the clarification tank, and small-particle suspended solids and colloids in the sewage can be removed through the filtering mechanism; the sterilizer is connected with the filtering mechanism, and bacteria in the sewage can be removed through the sterilizer; the sludge tank is used for collecting sediments generated in the sewage treatment process. According to the scheme, the tunnel construction sewage can be comprehensively purified, it is guaranteed that the purified water quality reaches the recycling standard, normal tunnel construction is guaranteed, and pollution to construction surrounding areas is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wastewater treatment technology, and in particular to a tunnel water treatment system for high-altitude, low-temperature areas. Background Technology

[0002] High-altitude areas are important water sources, but their unique geographical characteristics make their ecosystems extremely fragile compared to other regions. Damage to these areas is difficult to repair in the short term. Even slight negligence during civil construction can cause destructive pollution to the surrounding environment, leading to serious consequences such as ecological degradation.

[0003] High-altitude areas, with their numerous mountains and high demand for tunnel construction, require treated wastewater for reuse. Unauthorized discharge is strictly prohibited to minimize environmental impact. The main sources of tunnel construction wastewater include: water seepage during tunnel construction; wastewater from drilling equipment; dust suppression water after tunnel blasting; wastewater from shotcrete and grouting; and bedrock fissure water. The primary pollutants in tunnel construction wastewater are rock powder and mud, with high suspended solids content. Furthermore, the hydrolysis of materials such as concrete and welding agents produces calcium silicate compounds and calcium hydroxides, which are alkaline in water and can cause pH levels to exceed standards. Additionally, small amounts of oily substances are generated by machinery, hydraulic systems, and vehicles during construction. Due to the complex composition of tunnel wastewater, conventional wastewater treatment equipment is often insufficient, resulting in treated wastewater that does not meet reuse standards and hindering tunnel construction. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address or partially address the problems existing in related technologies, this application provides a tunnel water treatment system for high-altitude and low-temperature areas. This system can comprehensively purify tunnel construction wastewater, ensuring that the purified water meets reuse standards, guaranteeing the normal progress of tunnel construction, and avoiding pollution to the surrounding areas.

[0005] This application provides a tunnel water treatment system for high-altitude, low-temperature areas, comprising:

[0006] The sedimentation mechanism, used to remove large particulate impurities, includes a grit chamber, a regulating sedimentation tank, a coagulation booster tank, and a clarifier. The grit chamber is a multi-stage grit chamber, and it is connected to the regulating sedimentation tank via an outlet pipe. The regulating sedimentation tank is connected to the coagulation booster tank via an overflow weir. Several dosing devices for adding wastewater treatment agents are installed at the coagulation booster tank, and an agitator is also installed inside the coagulation booster tank to ensure that the wastewater treatment agent is evenly mixed in the wastewater. The coagulation booster tank is connected to the clarifier via a connecting pipe.

[0007] A filtration mechanism connected to a clarification tank is provided to remove small particulate matter and colloids from wastewater.

[0008] A sterilizer, which is connected to a filtration mechanism, can remove bacteria from wastewater.

[0009] A sludge pond, used to collect sediment generated during wastewater treatment.

[0010] Optionally, in some embodiments, the sedimentation tank is equipped with several overflow plates, which divide the sedimentation tank into multiple sections to form a multi-stage sedimentation tank.

[0011] Optionally, in some embodiments, there are five overflow plates, dividing the grit chamber into six sections to form a six-stage grit chamber, namely, a primary grit chamber, an oil separator, a tertiary grit chamber, a quaternary grit chamber, a quinary grit chamber, and a sixth-stage grit chamber. The overflow plate between the primary grit chamber and the oil separator is the first overflow plate, which allows wastewater to flow evenly from the primary grit chamber into the oil separator. The overflow plate between the oil separator and the tertiary grit chamber is the second overflow plate, which blocks oil in the wastewater. The remaining overflow plates are third overflow plates, with overflow outlets on the top side of the third overflow plates, and the overflow outlets of adjacent third overflow plates are staggered.

[0012] Optionally, in some embodiments, a sludge hopper is provided at the bottom of the regulating sedimentation tank, and a traveling scraper is installed in the regulating sedimentation tank. The traveling scraper can scrape the sediment at the bottom of the regulating sedimentation tank into the sludge hopper. A sludge pump is also installed at the sludge hopper, which can pump the sludge in the sludge hopper to the sludge tank.

[0013] Optionally, in some embodiments, the dosing device is provided with three sets, for adding PAM, PAC, and pH agent respectively.

[0014] Optionally, in some embodiments, a vortex clarifier is installed in the clarification tank.

[0015] Optionally, in some embodiments, the filtration mechanism includes a precision filter and an ultrafiltration membrane module. Wastewater treated by the clarification tank enters the precision filter through overflow, and the wastewater treated by the precision filter is then treated by the ultrafiltration membrane module.

[0016] Optionally, in some embodiments, the sterilizer is a sodium hypochlorite generator.

[0017] The technical solution provided in this application may include the following beneficial effects:

[0018] This application utilizes a sedimentation mechanism to remove oil and large particulate impurities from wastewater and flocculate small suspended solids into flocs; a filtration mechanism to remove colloids and small suspended solids; a sterilizer to disinfect the wastewater, thus comprehensively purifying it to meet reuse standards; and a sludge tank in conjunction with a plate and frame filter press to treat sediments, ensuring the normal operation of the wastewater treatment system.

[0019] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The above and other objects, features and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the more detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals generally represent the same components in the exemplary embodiments thereof.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this application;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this application;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the sedimentation tank in this application;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the regulating sedimentation tank and the coagulation booster tank of this application;

[0025] Figure 5 This is the process flow diagram of this application.

[0026] Figure label:

[0027] 1-Grit chamber, 101-First overflow plate, 102-Second overflow plate, 103-Third overflow plate, 104-Overflow outlet, 105-Inlet pipe, 106-Outlet pipe; 2-Equalizing sedimentation tank, 201-Sludge hopper, 202-Traveling scraper, 203-Sludge pump, 204-Overflow weir; 3-Coagulation lifting tank, 301-Installation platform, 302-Agitator, 303-Connecting pipe; 4-Clarifying tank; 5-Precision filter; 6-Transfer tank; 7-Ultrafiltration membrane module; 8-Reclaimed water tank; 9-Sludge tank; 10-Plate and frame filter press; 11-First dosing device, 111-First dosing pipe; 12-Second dosing device, 121-Second dosing pipe; 13-Third dosing device, 131-Third dosing pipe; 14-Disinfector. Detailed Implementation

[0028] Embodiments of this application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While embodiments of this application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that this application may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make this application more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of this application to those skilled in the art.

[0029] It should be understood that although the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., may be used in this application to describe various information, this information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0030] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0031] Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0032] See Figure 1-5 A tunnel water treatment system for high-altitude, low-temperature areas, comprising:

[0033] The sedimentation system is used to remove large particulate impurities and oil from wastewater. It includes a grit chamber 1, a regulating sedimentation tank 2, a coagulation booster tank 3, and a clarifier 4. The grit chamber 1 is a multi-stage grit chamber; through step-by-step sedimentation, it removes heavier, larger particulate impurities such as silt from the wastewater. See also... Figure 3The sedimentation tank 1 is a rectangular structure with several overflow plates fixedly installed inside. These overflow plates divide the sedimentation tank into multiple sections, forming a multi-stage sedimentation tank. In this embodiment, there are five overflow plates, dividing the sedimentation tank 1 into six sections, forming a six-stage sedimentation tank: a primary sedimentation tank, an grease trap, a tertiary sedimentation tank, a quaternary sedimentation tank, a quinary sedimentation tank, and a sixth-stage sedimentation tank. Tunnel sewage is pumped to sedimentation tank 1 and enters the primary sedimentation tank through inlet pipe 105. The overflow plate between the primary sedimentation tank and the grease trap is the first overflow plate 101, which reduces the water flow velocity in sedimentation tank 1 and ensures even water flow into the grease trap. The overflow plate between the grease trap and the tertiary sedimentation tank is the second overflow plate 102, which removes oil from the sewage. The principle behind the blocking is as follows: oil sludge is usually less dense and floats on the water surface. The overflow hole of the second overflow plate 102 is located in the middle of the plate. During operation, the liquid level in the oil separator is higher than the overflow hole and remains so, allowing sewage to pass through the overflow hole normally, while the oil sludge is blocked by the second overflow plate 102. Workers regularly collect the oil sludge. The remaining overflow plate is the third overflow plate 103, which has an overflow port 104 on its top side. The overflow ports 104 of adjacent third overflow plates 103 are staggered. Since heavier impurities have already settled in the primary grit chamber and oil separator, the large particles of impurities in the sewage entering the tertiary grit chamber have been reduced. By setting the overflow ports diagonally, the water flow path can be extended, further slowing down the flow rate, thereby improving the sedimentation effect. After passing through the tertiary, quaternary, quinary, and sixth grit chambers in sequence, the sewage is finally pumped to the regulating sedimentation tank 2 from the outlet pipe 106. Furthermore, sedimentation tank 1 needs to be treated and the mud and sand removed regularly to ensure its normal operation. Since the sand content in sedimentation tank 1 is relatively large, excavators are usually used in conjunction with dump trucks to clean sedimentation tank 1.

[0034] Grit chamber 1 is connected to regulating sedimentation tank 2 via effluent pipe 106. Regulating sedimentation tank 2 and coagulation booster tank 3 are an integrated structure, separated by an overflow weir 204. During construction, due to changes in production conditions, the volume and concentration of wastewater may fluctuate continuously. By setting up regulating sedimentation tank 2, wastewater generated at different times and from different production processes can be collected, ensuring uniform mixing and maintaining relatively stable wastewater quality. This avoids significant fluctuations in wastewater quality that could impact subsequent treatment systems. (See also...) Figure 4The equalization sedimentation tank 2 has a sludge hopper 201 at its bottom and a traveling scraper 202 installed inside. The traveling scraper 202 scrapes the sediment at the bottom of the equalization sedimentation tank 2 into the sludge hopper 201. A sludge pump 203 is also installed at the sludge hopper 201 to pump the sludge from the hopper 201 to the sludge tank 9. The traveling scraper 202 is existing technology, and its structure will not be described in detail here. The reason for installing the traveling scraper 202 is that when the wastewater volume is large, relying solely on the coagulation lift tank 3 is too slow. Therefore, pretreatment of the wastewater can be performed at the equalization sedimentation tank 2, such as further removing large particulate impurities, performing preliminary flocculation of small suspended solids, lowering the pH value, and neutralizing toxic substances, thereby reducing the burden on subsequent treatment equipment and improving treatment efficiency. The wastewater pretreated in the equalization sedimentation tank 2 enters the coagulation lift tank 3 through the overflow weir 204.

[0035] The coagulation lifting tank 3 is equipped with several dosing devices for adding wastewater treatment agents. An installation platform 301 is also provided within the coagulation lifting tank 3, on which a mixer 302 is mounted. The mixer 302 ensures that the wastewater treatment agent is evenly mixed with the wastewater, thereby improving the treatment effect. The mixer 302 can be a mechanical mixer, the principle of which is: by setting stirring blades on the stirring shaft and driving the stirring shaft to rotate by a motor, the stirring blades agitate the wastewater in the coagulation lifting tank 3, achieving the purpose of uniform mixing. Three sets of dosing devices are provided, namely the first dosing device 1. 1. The second dosing device 12 and the third dosing device 13 are connected to the coagulation enhancement tank 3 via the first dosing pipe 111 and are used to add PAC (polyaluminum chloride). The second dosing device is connected to the coagulation enhancement tank 3 via the second dosing pipe 121 and is used to add PAM (polyacrylamide). The third dosing device 13 is connected to the coagulation enhancement tank 3 via the third dosing pipe 131 and is used to add acid regulator. The first dosing device 11, the second dosing device 12, and the third dosing device 13 are all existing technologies and are sufficient to achieve the function of adding chemicals. Their structure and usage methods will not be described in detail here.

[0036] The wastewater treated in the coagulation booster tank 3 is pumped to the clarifier tank 4 via connecting pipe 303. A vortex clarifier is installed in the clarifier tank 4, which creates a vortex within the clarifier. This vortex is beneficial for treating high-turbidity water. The principle is that the vortex facilitates the rapid diffusion of the wastewater treatment agent, making it less likely to be encapsulated by the large amount of impurities and colloids in the high-turbidity water, thus preventing it from losing its activity. Even if the coagulant is encapsulated and forms flocs, the vortex easily breaks them up, restoring its flocculation capacity. The vortex clarifier is existing technology, and its structure and usage will not be described in detail here. After treatment, the clear water at the top of the clarifier tank 4 overflows into the filtration mechanism, while the sediment at the bottom is pumped to the sludge tank 9 via pipeline.

[0037] The filtration system, connected to the clarifier 4, further removes small particulate matter, colloids, microorganisms, and algae from the wastewater. The filtration system includes a precision filter 5 and an ultrafiltration membrane module 7. Wastewater treated in the clarifier 4 overflows into the precision filter 5, which is a rotary drum filter. The structure and working principle of rotary drum filters are existing technology and will not be described in detail here. During operation, the liquid to be filtered enters the filter through the inlet pipe, and then, through the filtration action of the filter drum, impurities and solid particles are separated. Finally, it is discharged through the outlet pipe. During the filtration process, the filter drum rotates continuously, allowing the liquid to pass through the drum evenly, thereby improving filtration efficiency. Simultaneously, impurities and solid particles on the filter drum are washed off by the backwashing device and transported to the sludge tank 9 for further treatment.

[0038] The wastewater treated by the precision filter 5 is then treated by the ultrafiltration membrane module 7. The ultrafiltration membrane module 7 utilizes the physical sieving characteristics of ultrafiltration membranes with different pore sizes to separate liquids. The ultrafiltration membranes are microporous filtration membranes with uniform pore size specifications and a rated pore size range of less than 0.03 micrometers, sieving out solute molecules smaller than the pore size to separate particles with a molecular weight greater than 500 Daltons and a particle size greater than 10 nanometers. Its main function is to remove suspended solids, colloids, bacteria, microorganisms, algae, and some organic matter from the water, thereby providing stable and excellent effluent and ensuring the reliability and safety of the produced water. In this embodiment, a PVDF ultrafiltration membrane with a filtration accuracy ≤0.03μm is used, characterized by chemical soaking and cleaning, oxidation resistance, and antifouling properties. To ensure the filtration effect of the ultrafiltration membrane module 7, it needs to be backwashed periodically. The cleaned water can be sent back to the coagulation booster tank 3 for secondary treatment to improve water resource utilization.

[0039] Furthermore, a transfer tank 6 is provided between the precision filter 5 and the ultrafiltration membrane module 7. The transfer tank 6 is used for temporary water storage to prevent the ultrafiltration membrane module 7 from exceeding its treatment limit and to ensure the filtration effect.

[0040] The water filtered through the ultrafiltration membrane module 7 is sterilized and disinfected in sterilizer 14 to meet reuse standards, and then transported to the reuse water tank for storage. Sterilizer 14 is a sodium hypochlorite generator. Its working principle is based on the reverse reaction principle of electrolysis of brine, which causes sodium chloride and hydrogen ions in the brine to react chemically to produce hypochlorous acid. Hypochlorite solution has strong oxidizing, bleaching, and bactericidal properties; its disinfection effect is better than hydrogen peroxide, and it has a strong ability to kill bacterial spores. The disinfected water meets the Class I surface water standard and enters the reuse water tank for reuse, landscaping, or fire fighting. The sodium hypochlorite generator is existing technology, and its structure and usage will not be described in detail here.

[0041] Sludge tank 9 is used to collect sewage containing a large amount of sediment generated during sewage treatment. It can be used with plate and frame filter press 10 to separate solids and liquids. The separated liquid is returned to grit chamber 1 for reprocessing, while the solid waste is transported and disposed of by dump truck.

[0042] Finally, it should be noted that in this document, relationships such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "include," "contain," or any other variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0043] The various embodiments of this application have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical application, or improvement of the technology in the market, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A tunnel water treatment system for high-altitude, low-temperature areas, characterized in that: include The sedimentation mechanism, used to remove large particulate impurities, includes a grit chamber, a regulating sedimentation tank, a coagulation booster tank, and a clarifier. The grit chamber is a multi-stage grit chamber, and it is connected to the regulating sedimentation tank via an outlet pipe. The regulating sedimentation tank is connected to the coagulation booster tank via an overflow weir. Several dosing devices for adding wastewater treatment agents are installed at the coagulation booster tank, and an agitator is also installed inside the coagulation booster tank to ensure that the wastewater treatment agent is evenly mixed in the wastewater. The coagulation booster tank is connected to the clarifier via a connecting pipe. A filtration mechanism connected to a clarification tank is provided to remove small particulate matter and colloids from wastewater. A sterilizer, which is connected to a filtration mechanism, can remove bacteria from wastewater. A sludge pond, used to collect sediment generated during wastewater treatment.

2. The tunnel water treatment system for high-altitude, low-temperature areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sedimentation tank is equipped with several overflow plates, which divide the sedimentation tank into multiple sections, thus forming a multi-stage sedimentation tank.

3. The tunnel water treatment system for high-altitude, low-temperature areas according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are five overflow plates, which divide the grit chamber into six sections, forming a six-stage grit chamber: a primary grit chamber, an oil separator, a tertiary grit chamber, a quaternary grit chamber, a quinary grit chamber, and a sixth-stage grit chamber. The overflow plate between the primary grit chamber and the oil separator is the first overflow plate, which allows wastewater to flow evenly from the primary grit chamber into the oil separator. The overflow plate between the oil separator and the tertiary grit chamber is the second overflow plate, which blocks oil in the wastewater. The remaining overflow plates are the third overflow plates, and each third overflow plate has an overflow outlet on its top side, with the overflow outlets of adjacent third overflow plates staggered.

4. The tunnel water treatment system for high-altitude, low-temperature areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sedimentation tank is equipped with a sludge hopper at the bottom and a traveling scraper is installed inside the sedimentation tank. The traveling scraper can scrape the sediment at the bottom of the sedimentation tank into the sludge hopper. A sludge pump is also installed at the sludge hopper, which can pump the sludge in the sludge hopper to the sludge tank.

5. The tunnel water treatment system for high-altitude, low-temperature areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dosing device is equipped with three sets, which are used to add PAM, PAC and pH agent respectively.

6. The tunnel water treatment system for high-altitude, low-temperature areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clarification tank is equipped with a vortex clarifier.

7. The tunnel water treatment system for high-altitude, low-temperature areas according to claim 6, characterized in that: The filtration mechanism includes a precision filter and an ultrafiltration membrane module. Wastewater treated by the clarification tank enters the precision filter through overflow, and the wastewater treated by the precision filter is then treated by the ultrafiltration membrane module.

8. The tunnel water treatment system for high-altitude, low-temperature areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sterilizer is a sodium hypochlorite generator.

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