Waterproof structure at joint of basement joint channel and subway tunnel

Abstract

The waterproof structure comprises a subway outer wall and an outer wall connected with the joint channel, the end, close to the outer wall connected with the joint channel, of the subway outer wall is fixedly connected with a protection wall, and the end, close to a communication opening, of the subway outer wall is fixedly connected with a first embedded column. A second embedded column perpendicular to the subway outer wall is fixedly connected to the side, close to the communication channel connector outer wall, of the first embedded column, the end, away from the communication opening, of the second embedded column is fixedly connected with the protection wall, and the end, away from the first embedded column, of the second embedded column is fixedly connected with the communication channel connector outer wall. The integrality of new and old concrete structures is enhanced through embedded steel bar columns, and the annular water-swelling waterstop and a multi-layer waterproof structure at the expansion joint are combined, so that the synergistic effect of rigid supporting and flexible sealing is formed; the pre-buried full-section grouting pipe system achieves active prevention and control of leakage, and the leakage risk of the joint is remarkably reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of building waterproofing structure technology, and in particular to a waterproofing structure at the interface between a basement connecting passage and a subway tunnel. Background Technology

[0002] In subway construction, waterproofing at the interface between the basement connecting passage and the subway tunnel is a technical challenge. Because shield tunnel construction and the connecting passage structure are typically implemented in stages, there are time differences and structural deformation variations between the two, making the interface prone to settlement and shrinkage cracks, thus becoming a high-risk area for leakage. Traditional waterproofing measures mainly rely on self-waterproofing concrete and single waterstops, but these have revealed significant shortcomings in actual projects: First, when using ordinary rebar to connect post-cast concealed columns to existing subway exterior walls, the bond strength between the new and old concrete interfaces is insufficient, easily leading to micro-cracks due to stress concentration; second, conventional waterstops are prone to peeling off from the concrete under long-term temperature changes and uneven foundation settlement, and are difficult to repair and replace; furthermore, existing grouting systems are mostly passive repairs, making it difficult to accurately seal leakage paths.

[0003] Despite the adoption of technologies such as micro-expansion concrete and composite waterproof membranes in recent years, problems such as complex construction procedures and poor material synergy still exist. In particular, when groundwater pressure fluctuates or the structure undergoes dynamic deformation, the waterproof layer is prone to failure such as hollowing and tearing. Utility Model Content

[0004] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of this utility model is to provide a waterproof structure at the interface between a basement connecting passage and a subway tunnel. Through the integrated design of a concealed column system and a composite waterproof structure, the waterproof performance at the interface is effectively improved, the integrity of the new and old concrete constructed successively is enhanced, and leakage problems caused by loose structure are reduced.

[0005] Technical solution:

[0006] A waterproof structure for the interface between a basement connecting passage and a subway tunnel includes a subway exterior wall and an interface exterior wall for the connecting passage. A protective wall is fixedly connected to one end of the subway exterior wall near the interface exterior wall. A first concealed column is fixedly connected to one end of the subway exterior wall near the connection opening. A second concealed column perpendicular to the subway exterior wall is fixedly connected to one side of the first concealed column near the interface exterior wall. The end of the second concealed column away from the connection opening is fixedly connected to the protective wall, and the end of the second concealed column away from the first concealed column is fixedly connected to the interface exterior wall for the connecting passage.

[0007] Furthermore, the connection surfaces of the first and second concealed columns, as well as the connection surfaces of the subway exterior wall and the protective wall, are flush.

[0008] Furthermore, the connection surfaces of the first and second concealed columns, as well as the connection surfaces of the subway exterior wall and the protective wall, are roughened and coated with a cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating interface agent.

[0009] Furthermore, the protective wall is reinforced with steel bars, and some of the steel bars extend into the second concealed column.

[0010] Furthermore, the end of the second concealed column near the outer wall of the connecting channel interface extends at least 200mm beyond the protective wall.

[0011] Furthermore, a circumferentially closed water-swellable waterproof strip is installed between the second concealed column and the protective wall.

[0012] Furthermore, the connection surface between the second hidden column and the first hidden column is provided with an externally connected grouting pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, an expansion joint perpendicular to the connection surface of the second concealed column and the outer wall of the connecting channel interface is provided, and a steel sheet rubber waterstop and a waterproof membrane are installed in the expansion joint from bottom to top.

[0014] Furthermore, the first concealed column is connected to the subway exterior wall by rebar installation, with a rebar installation depth of not less than 25d.

[0015] Beneficial effects: The integrated design of the concealed column system and the composite waterproof structure effectively improves the waterproof performance at the joints: The use of reinforced concealed columns enhances the integrity of the new and old concrete structures, and the combination of the circumferential water-swellable waterstop and the multi-layer waterproof structure at the expansion joints forms a synergistic effect of rigid support and flexible sealing; the pre-embedded full-section grouting pipe system realizes active prevention and control of leakage, significantly reducing the risk of joint leakage, while taking into account structural durability and ease of maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a plan view of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the second hidden column of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the technical solution of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0020] Example 1

[0021] like Figure 1-3As shown, a waterproof structure at the interface between a basement connecting passage and a subway tunnel includes a subway exterior wall 1 and a connecting passage interface exterior wall 2. A protective wall 3 is fixedly connected to one end of the subway exterior wall 1 near the connecting passage interface exterior wall 2. A first concealed column 4 is fixedly connected to one end of the subway exterior wall 1 near the connecting passage. A second concealed column 5 perpendicular to the subway exterior wall 1 is fixedly connected to one side of the first concealed column 4 near the connecting passage interface exterior wall 2. The end of the second concealed column 5 away from the connecting passage is fixedly connected to the protective wall 3, and the end of the second concealed column 5 away from the first concealed column 4 is fixedly connected to the connecting passage interface exterior wall 2, forming a closed load-bearing frame.

[0022] Furthermore, the connection surface 6 between the first concealed column 4 and the second concealed column 5, as well as the connection surface between the subway exterior wall 1 and the protective wall 3, are flush. This ensures uniform load distribution and avoids sudden changes in local stress.

[0023] Furthermore, the connection surfaces 6 of the first hidden column 4 and the second hidden column 5, as well as the connection surfaces of the subway exterior wall 1 and the protective wall 3, are roughened and coated with a cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating interface agent. The roughening treatment enhances the mechanical interlocking force, and the active substances in the interface agent react with the cement to generate crystals that block capillary pores, thereby improving the interface impermeability.

[0024] Furthermore, the protective wall 3 is internally reinforced with steel bars 9, and some of the steel bars 9 extend into the second concealed column 5. This steel bar anchoring ensures that the old and new concrete layers share the load, preventing interface delamination.

[0025] Furthermore, the second concealed column 5 extends at least 200mm beyond the outer wall 2 near the interface of the connecting passage into the protective wall 3. This provides space for formwork support and ensures that the concrete pouring is dense and free of voids.

[0026] Furthermore, a circumferentially closed water-swellable sealing strip 7 is provided between the second concealed column 5 and the protective wall 3. The sealing strip 7 expands upon contact with water to tightly fill the joint and dynamically adapts to minor structural deformations.

[0027] Furthermore, an externally connected grouting pipe 8 is provided at the connection surface between the second hidden column 5 and the first hidden column 4. Waterproofing material is forced into the cracks by grouting pressure, actively sealing the leakage channels.

[0028] Furthermore, an expansion joint 10 perpendicular to the connection surface of the second concealed column 5 and the outer wall 2 of the connecting channel interface is provided. Within the expansion joint 10, a steel sheet rubber waterstop and a waterproof membrane are sequentially installed from bottom to top. The rigid barrier of the steel sheet waterstop combined with the flexible coverage of the waterproof membrane forms multiple deformation compensation barriers.

[0029] Furthermore, the first concealed column 4 is connected to the subway exterior wall 1 by rebar installation, with a rebar installation depth of not less than 25d. This meets the rebar anchorage strength requirements and prevents pull-out failure.

[0030] In actual construction, the following steps are used to achieve structural waterproofing:

[0031] S1. Positioning and Interface Treatment of Hidden Columns: The first hidden column 4 is set at the interface of the connecting passage or basement along the direction of the subway shield tunnel. The surface of the hidden column installation position of the subway exterior wall 1 is roughened and coated with cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating interface agent in a circumferential manner. The coating amount is 1.5kg / m². The first hidden column 4 is connected to the subway exterior wall 1 by rebar installation. The rebar installation depth is not less than 25 times the diameter of the rebar 25d.

[0032] S2. Static cutting of the protective wall: On the subway protective wall 3, which is parallel to the subway outer wall 1, static cutting is carried out at the location of the newly added second hidden column 5. The main reinforcement 9 of the protective wall 3 is retained, the steel cage of the newly added second hidden column 5 is tied, and the main reinforcement 9 of the original protective wall 3 is anchored into the newly added hidden column.

[0033] S3. Concealed column formwork structure: A second concealed column 5 is added vertically to the subway outer wall 1, protruding more than 200mm from the outer surface of the subway protective wall 3, forming a space for the installation of the shield tunnel outer formwork.

[0034] S4. Waterstop installation: A BW water-swellable waterstop 7 is installed in a circumferential enclosure on the water-facing side of the newly added second concealed column 5. Before construction, ensure that the base layer is flat and free of oil stains. The waterstop is fixed with steel clamps, and the joint overlap length is ≥10cm. The construction environment temperature is ≥8℃ to avoid the decline of expansion performance.

[0035] S5. Overall casting construction: After the steel cage of the newly added second hidden column 5 is tied, the full-section grouting pipe 8 is pre-embedded to cast the first hidden column 4, the newly added second hidden column 5 and the protective wall 3 of the subway exterior wall into a unified structure.

[0036] S6. Concrete material control: All concrete components are cast using micro-expansion C40 waterproof concrete with a permeability grade ≥P8, meeting the durability design requirements.

[0037] S7. Construction joint pretreatment: Before pouring new columns and beams, grouting and waterproofing treatment shall be carried out along the surrounding construction joints to ensure the joints are airtight.

[0038] S8. Expansion joint waterproofing structure: An expansion joint 10 is installed at the interface between the basement connecting passage and the subway tunnel. From bottom to top, steel sheet rubber waterstop, quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer and waterproof membrane are laid in sequence. At the same time, a pair of grouting pipes are pre-embedded for emergency sealing of leakage.

[0039] S9. Active grouting waterproofing: At the junction of the newly added hidden column 25 and the subway exterior wall 1, waterproof grout is injected through the full-section grouting pipe 8 with a grouting pressure ≥0.5MPa to achieve targeted sealing of leakage channels.

[0040] The rigid concealed column system and the flexible water-stop structure work together to enhance the overall structure. The reinforced concrete columns enhance the integrity of the structure, the water-swellable water-stop strip dynamically seals the joints, the grouting system actively prevents leakage, and the multi-layer waterproofing layer adapts to deformation, ultimately achieving all-round waterproofing of "structural reinforcement - interface seepage prevention - dynamic sealing - active repair".

[0041] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A waterproof structure at an interface of a basement connecting passage and a subway tunnel, characterized by, The utility model relates to a subway outer wall (1) and a connecting passage interface outer wall (2), the subway outer wall (1) is fixedly connected with the protection wall (3) on the side close to the connecting passage interface outer wall (2), the subway outer wall (1) is fixedly connected with the first hidden column (4) on the side close to the connecting passage, the first hidden column (4) is fixedly connected with the vertical second hidden column (5) of subway outer wall (1) on the side close to the connecting passage interface outer wall (2), the second hidden column (5) is fixedly connected with the protection wall (3) on the side away from the connecting passage, the second hidden column (5) is fixedly connected with the connecting passage interface outer wall (2) on the side away from the first hidden column (4).

2. The waterproof structure at the interface between a basement connecting passage and a subway tunnel according to claim 1, wherein The connecting surface (6) of the first hidden column (4) and the second hidden column (5) and the connecting surface of the subway outer wall (1) and the protection wall (3) are flush.

3. The waterproof structure at the interface between a basement connecting passage and a subway tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connecting surface (6) of the first hidden column (4) and the second hidden column (5) and the connecting surface of the subway outer wall (1) and the protection wall (3) are chiseled and brushed with cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating interface agent.

4. The waterproof structure at the interface of a basement connecting passage and a subway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protection wall (3) is internally provided with steel bars (9), and part of the steel bars (9) extends into the second hidden column (5).

5. The waterproof structure at the interface of a basement connecting passage and a subway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the second hidden column (5) close to the connecting passage interface outer wall (2) extends at least 200mm outside the protection wall (3).

6. The waterproof structure at the interface of a basement connecting passage and a subway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, A ring-shaped closed water-swelling sealing strip (7) is arranged between the second hidden column (5) and the protection wall (3).

7. The waterproof structure at the interface of a basement connecting passage and a subway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, A grouting pipe (8) is arranged on the connecting surface between the second hidden column (5) and the first hidden column (4) and externally connected.

8. The waterproof structure at the interface of a basement connecting passage and a subway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, A vertical expansion joint (10) is arranged between the second hidden column (5) and the connecting passage interface outer wall (2), and a steel sheet rubber sealing strip and a waterproof roll are sequentially arranged in the expansion joint (10) from bottom to top.

9. The waterproof structure at the interface of a basement connecting passage and a subway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first hidden column (4) is connected with the subway outer wall (1) by means of planted steel bars, and the planted steel bars have a depth of not less than 25d.

Images