Tray of battery pack, battery pack and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a tray of a battery pack, the battery pack and a vehicle. The tray comprises a bottom plate and a side frame connected with the bottom plate, and the bottom plate and the side frame define a containing cavity used for containing a battery pack. A flow guide channel and a liquid collecting groove communicated with the flow guide channel are formed in the side frame, the liquid collecting groove is located in the side, facing the bottom plate, of the flow guide channel, and an inlet is formed in the side, facing the containing cavity, of the flow guide channel. According to the tray of the battery pack, the electrolyte and other substances are guided into the liquid collecting tank to be collected, and the electrolyte and other substances can be prevented from flowing in the battery pack at will, so that the risks of short circuit, insulation failure and the like caused by the electrolyte and other substances in the battery pack are reduced, and the safety and stability of the battery pack are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of automotive technology, and more particularly to a battery pack tray, a battery pack, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of electric vehicle technology, the battery pack plays a decisive role in the vehicle's performance, safety, and driving range.

[0003] The electrolyte inside the battery cells of a battery pack is conductive. When thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack, the cell explosion-proof valve will spray out high-temperature electrolyte and crystalline foreign objects. These substances are conductive and corrosive, which can easily lead to short circuits, insulation failure, or even combustion or explosion inside the battery pack. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides a battery pack tray, a battery pack, and a vehicle.

[0005] A first aspect of this application provides a battery pack tray, the tray including a base plate and a side frame connected to the base plate, the base plate and the side frame forming a receiving cavity for accommodating a battery pack; the side frame has a guide channel and a liquid collection tank communicating with the guide channel, the liquid collection tank being located on the side of the guide channel facing the base plate; the guide channel has an inlet on the side facing the receiving cavity.

[0006] In one embodiment, the side frame has a connecting hole located between the guide channel and the collection tank, and the connecting hole is connected to both the guide channel and the collection tank; the cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting hole is smaller than the area of ​​the opening of the guide channel toward the connecting hole and the area of ​​the opening of the collection tank toward the connecting hole.

[0007] In one embodiment, the height of the top of the inlet is less than the height of the top of the guide channel, and the height of the bottom of the inlet is greater than the height of the bottom of the guide channel.

[0008] In one embodiment, the cross-sectional area of ​​the liquid collection tank gradually increases from the direction of the guide channel toward the liquid collection tank.

[0009] A second aspect of this application provides a battery pack, the battery pack including a battery assembly and a tray for the battery pack, the battery assembly being disposed within the receiving cavity; the battery assembly including battery cells and battery cell explosion-proof valves, at least one of the battery cell explosion-proof valves facing and opposite to one of the inlets.

[0010] In one embodiment, the battery pack further includes an injection port located on the side of the cell explosion-proof valve away from the cell. The injection port is opposite to the inlet, the height of the top of the inlet is greater than the height of the top of the injection port, and the height of the bottom of the inlet is less than the height of the bottom of the injection port.

[0011] In one embodiment, each of the cell explosion-proof valves of the battery pack is opposite to the inlet.

[0012] In one embodiment, the battery pack further includes a protective element that at least covers the area of ​​the base plate located between the side frame and the battery pack.

[0013] In one embodiment, the battery pack further includes a whole-pack explosion-proof valve, which is connected to the flow channel.

[0014] A third aspect of this application provides a vehicle that includes the aforementioned battery pack.

[0015] The battery pack tray provided in this application guides electrolytes and other substances into a collection tank for collection, preventing the electrolytes and other substances from flowing arbitrarily inside the battery pack. This reduces the risk of short circuits and insulation failures caused by electrolytes and other substances within the battery pack, thus improving the safety and stability of the battery pack. The guide channels and collection tanks are located inside the side frame, avoiding the occupation of internal space in the battery pack. This allows for a more rational and compact internal layout of the battery pack, and eliminates the need for additional guide or collection structures within the battery pack, thereby reducing the complexity of battery pack design and manufacturing.

[0016] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The illustrated embodiment provides a cross-sectional view of the battery pack cut along the AA direction. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments (or "implementations") of this application will be clearly and completely described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements.

[0021] If the embodiments of this application contain terms relating to directional indications or positional relationships (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, inside, outside, top, bottom, center, vertical, horizontal, longitudinal, transverse, length, width, counterclockwise, clockwise, axial, radial, circumferential, etc.), such terms are only used to explain the relative positional relationships and movements between components in a specific posture (as shown in the attached figures); if the specific posture changes, the directional indications or positional relationships will also change accordingly. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" used in the embodiments of this application are only for descriptive convenience and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] The battery pack tray, battery pack, and vehicle according to embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the features of the following embodiments and implementations can complement or combine with each other.

[0023] This application provides a battery pack tray, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the tray 100 includes a base plate 10 and a side frame 20 connected to the base plate 10. The base plate 10 and the side frame 20 form a receiving cavity 30 for accommodating the battery pack 200. The side frame 20 has a guide channel 201 and a liquid collection tank 202 communicating with the guide channel 201. The liquid collection tank 202 is located on the side of the guide channel 201 facing the base plate 10, and the side of the guide channel 201 facing the receiving cavity 30 has an inlet 2011.

[0024] When the battery pack 200 experiences thermal runaway, and the cells eject high-temperature electrolyte and crystalline foreign matter, these conductive and corrosive substances can enter the guide channel 201 through the inlet 2011 of the guide channel 201, which faces the receiving cavity 30 containing the battery pack 200, because the side frame 20 of the tray 100 is provided with a guide channel 201. Under the action of gravity and the guiding effect of the guide channel 201, the electrolyte and other substances flow down along the guide channel 201 and collect in the collection tank 202.

[0025] The battery pack tray of this application guides electrolyte and other substances into the collection tank 202 for collection, preventing the electrolyte and other substances from flowing arbitrarily inside the battery pack. This reduces the risk of short circuits and insulation failures caused by electrolyte and other substances inside the battery pack, thus improving the safety and stability of the battery pack. The guide channel 201 and the collection tank 202 are located inside the side frame 12, which also avoids occupying internal space of the battery pack, making the internal layout of the battery pack more reasonable and compact. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for additional guide or collection structures inside the battery pack, which helps reduce the complexity of battery pack design and manufacturing.

[0026] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the side frame 20 has a connecting hole 203 located between the guide channel 201 and the collection tank 202. The connecting hole 203 communicates with both the guide channel 201 and the collection tank 202. The cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting hole 203 is smaller than the area of ​​the opening of the guide channel 201 towards the connecting hole 203 and the area of ​​the opening of the collection tank 202 towards the connecting hole 203. Electrolyte and other substances entering the guide channel 201 can flow into the collection tank 202 through the connecting hole 203. The smaller opening area of ​​the connecting hole 203 can prevent the collected electrolyte and other substances in the collection tank 202 from flowing back or overflowing due to shaking, vibration, etc., which helps to maintain the cleanliness of the battery pack interior and reduces the risk of contamination and short circuits caused by electrolyte overflow. Furthermore, the relatively small connecting hole 203 has a smaller weakening effect on the overall structural strength of the side frame 20, which can ensure the structural integrity and mechanical stability of the side frame 20.

[0027] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the height of the top of the inlet 2011 is less than the height of the top of the guide channel 201, and the height of the bottom of the inlet 2011 is greater than the height of the bottom of the guide channel 201. This configuration allows the top and bottom of the inlet 2011 to shield the electrolyte and other substances in the guide channel 201 and the collection tank 202, preventing these substances from flowing back into the receiving cavity 30 through the inlet 2011. This further ensures the safety of other components inside the battery pack and reduces the risk of short circuits and insulation failure.

[0028] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, from the direction of the guide channel 201 towards the collection tank 202, the cross-sectional area of ​​the collection tank 202 gradually increases. The gradually increasing cross-sectional area of ​​the collection tank 202 can provide a larger collection space for substances such as electrolytes, and can accommodate more substances flowing in from the guide channel 201, avoiding incomplete collection due to insufficient space.

[0029] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, a cold plate 11 is provided on the side of the base plate 10 facing the receiving cavity 30. The interior of the cold plate 11 is provided with a flow channel 111, in which coolant can flow to absorb the heat generated by the battery. In some embodiments, the cold plate 11 is bonded to the base plate 10 by an adhesive.

[0030] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the bottom of the side frame 20 extends toward the receiving cavity 30 to form a first connecting portion 204, and the base plate 10 is fixedly connected to the first connecting portion 204 by a connector. Specifically, the connector can be a bolt, and the first connecting portion 204 is provided with a screw hole. The connector passes through the base plate 10 and is fixed in the screw hole, thereby fixing the base plate 10 to the side frame 20.

[0031] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the bottom of the side frame 20 extends away from the receiving cavity 30 to form a second connecting part 205. The second connecting part 205 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes, and the battery pack can be fixedly installed inside the vehicle by using the connector passing through the mounting holes.

[0032] This application also provides a battery pack, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the battery pack includes a battery assembly 200 and the aforementioned tray 100. The battery assembly 200 is disposed within the receiving cavity 30. The battery assembly 200 includes battery cells 40 and battery cell explosion-proof valves 41. At least one battery cell explosion-proof valve 41 faces and is opposite to an inlet 2011. When a battery cell 40 experiences thermal runaway, the battery cell explosion-proof valve 41 opens and sprays out high-temperature, conductive, and corrosive electrolyte and crystalline foreign matter. When the battery cell explosion-proof valve 41 is positioned opposite to the inlet 2011, substances such as electrolyte can directly enter the guide channel 201 and the collection tank 202 through the inlet 2011, preventing electrolyte and other substances from entering between the battery cells or into the electrical cavity.

[0033] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the battery pack 200 includes multiple stacked cells 40, each cell 40 having the same size and the same cell explosion-proof valve 41.

[0034] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the explosion-proof valves 41 of each cell in the battery pack 200 are all opposite to the inlet 2011. When all the explosion-proof valves 41 of the battery pack 200 are opposite to the inlet 2011, the guide channel 201 and the liquid collection tank 202 can be used to comprehensively collect the substances ejected from each cell in the battery pack 200 after thermal runaway. Compared to the case where only some of the cell explosion-proof valves 41 are opposite to the inlet 2011, the above arrangement can greatly reduce the diffusion of electrolyte and other substances in the battery pack, and reduce the risk of contamination and damage to components such as the battery pack.

[0035] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2As shown, the battery pack 200 also has a spray port 411 located on the side of the cell explosion-proof valve 41 away from the cell 40. The spray port 411 is opposite to the inlet 2011. The height of the top of the inlet 2011 is greater than the height of the top of the spray port 411, and the height of the bottom of the inlet 2011 is less than the height of the bottom of the spray port 411. After the cell thermal runaway, electrolyte and other substances will be sprayed out from the spray port 411, forming a near-fan-shaped spray area. When the height of the top of the inlet 2011 is greater than the height of the top of the spray port 411, the inlet 2011 can cover the upper edge of the fan-shaped spray area; when the height of the bottom of the inlet 2011 is less than the height of the bottom of the spray port 411, the inlet 2011 can cover the lower edge of the fan-shaped spray area, thereby allowing the electrolyte and other substances sprayed from the spray port 411 to enter the inlet 2011 as much as possible.

[0036] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, a fireproof plate 42 is provided on the side of the nozzle 411 away from the cell explosion-proof valve 41. When the high-temperature electrolyte and other substances sprayed from the nozzle 411 impact the fireproof plate, the fireproof plate can absorb and disperse the heat, reduce the temperature and propagation speed of the electrolyte and other substances, and prevent the flame and high temperature from damaging other components in the battery pack.

[0037] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, there is a gap between the side frame 20 and the battery pack 200. When the battery pack is subjected to external impact, the side frame 20 may deform under the action of the external impact. The gap between the side frame 20 and the battery pack 200 can provide a certain deformation space for the side frame 20, so as to avoid the side frame 20 from colliding with the battery pack 200 after deformation and causing leakage of electrolyte in the cell.

[0038] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the battery pack also includes a protective component 50, which at least covers the area of ​​the base plate 10 located between the side frame 20 and the battery pack 200. In the event of thermal runaway of the battery cell, some electrolyte and other substances may not enter the inlet 2011 but instead fall between the side frame 20 and the battery pack 200. In this case, the protective component 50 can separate the base plate 10 from the electrolyte, preventing the electrolyte from corroding the base plate 10.

[0039] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the battery also includes a complete battery pack explosion-proof valve 60, which is connected to the guide channel 201. The guide channel 201 not only guides and collects the thermal runaway ejected material from the battery cells, but also serves as a passage for high-pressure gas inside the battery pack. When the battery pack experiences severe thermal runaway and the pressure inside the battery pack rises sharply, the guide channel 201 can guide the high-pressure gas and some electrolyte through the complete battery pack explosion-proof valve 60 to discharge, thereby preventing serious accidents such as explosions caused by excessive internal pressure in the battery pack.

[0040] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the battery pack tray 100 has an electrical cavity 31 located on one side of the receiving cavity 30. The tray 100 also includes a first partition 70 located in the electrical cavity 31, which divides the electrical cavity 31 into an electrical area 311 for receiving the battery management module and a gas collection cavity 312.

[0041] Electrical section 311 not only houses the battery management module but also various cables and connectors. Cables are used to transmit electrical energy and signals within the battery pack, while connectors are used to connect different electrical components, ensuring circuit continuity. The battery management module monitors the battery pack's charge level, temperature, and other statuses, and controls the charging and discharging processes.

[0042] The guide channel 201 is connected to the gas collection chamber 312. The side frame includes a first frame 21, which is equipped with a first explosion-proof valve 30. The first explosion-proof valve 61 is connected to the gas collection chamber 312. When the battery pack 200 in the battery area 101 uncontrollably emits high-temperature gas, the gas enters the gas collection chamber 312 under the guidance of the guide channel 201 and is ejected through the first explosion-proof valve 61.

[0043] Since the gas collection chamber 312 and the electrical zone 311 are independent of each other, high-temperature gas can be prevented from passing through the electrical zone 311, thus preventing the gas from causing corrosion, short circuits and other adverse effects on electrical components such as the battery management module in the electrical zone 311. This improves the stability and reliability of the battery control module and ensures the normal operation of the entire battery pack control system.

[0044] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the tray 100 also includes a second partition 71 located between the receiving cavity 30 and the electrical cavity 31. The first frame 21, the first partition 70, and the second partition 71 form a gas collecting cavity 312. The second partition 71 can isolate the gas collecting cavity 312 from the receiving cavity 30, preventing gas from the gas collecting cavity 312 from flowing back into the receiving cavity 30 and reducing the risk of short circuits or other electrical failures caused by gas leakage.

[0045] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1As shown, the battery pack tray 100 also includes a second frame 22 disposed opposite to the first frame 21. The second frame 22 is provided with a second pack explosion-proof valve 62 communicating with the guide channel 201. When the battery pack 200 generates a large amount of high-temperature gas, part of the gas enters the gas collection chamber 312 through the guide channel 201 and is discharged through the first pack explosion-proof valve 61, while the other part flows through the guide channel 201 to the second pack explosion-proof valve 62 and is discharged through the second pack explosion-proof valve 62, thus improving the exhaust efficiency.

[0046] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the receiving cavity 30 includes a first sub-receiving cavity 301 and a second sub-receiving cavity 302. The battery pack includes two battery groups 200, which are located in the first sub-receiving cavity 301 and the second sub-receiving cavity 302, respectively. The cell explosion-proof valve 41 of each battery group 200 faces the inlet of the guide channel adjacent to that battery group 200. The two battery groups 200 can increase the capacity of the battery pack. Each battery group 200 is located in a sub-receiving cavity, and its cell explosion-proof valve 41 faces the inlet of the guide channel adjacent to it. This can prevent the cell explosion-proof valves 41 of different battery groups 200 from spraying each other, ensuring that gas can quickly enter the guide area and be discharged by the whole pack explosion-proof valve 60.

[0047] This application also provides a vehicle comprising an electric motor, a circuit system, and the aforementioned battery pack. The battery pack transmits electrical energy to the electric motor via the circuit system, and the electric motor converts the electrical energy into mechanical energy to drive the vehicle's wheels, thereby enabling the vehicle to move.

[0048] It should be noted that the technical solutions or features described in the above embodiments can be combined or supplemented with each other without conflict. The scope of protection of this application is not limited to the precise structures described in the above embodiments and shown in the accompanying drawings; all modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A tray for a battery pack, characterized in that, The tray (100) includes a base plate (10) and a side frame (20) connected to the base plate (10). The base plate (10) and the side frame (20) form a receiving cavity (30) for accommodating the battery pack (200). The side frame (20) is provided with a guide channel (201) and a liquid collection tank (202) communicating with the guide channel (201). The liquid collection tank (202) is located on the side of the guide channel (201) facing the base plate (10). The guide channel (201) is provided with an inlet (2011) on the side facing the receiving cavity (30).

2. The battery pack tray according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side frame (20) has a connecting hole (203) located between the guide channel (201) and the collection tank (202). The connecting hole (203) is connected to the guide channel (201) and the collection tank (202) respectively. The cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting hole (203) is smaller than the area of ​​the opening of the guide channel (201) toward the connecting hole (203) and the area of ​​the opening of the collection tank (202) toward the connecting hole (203).

3. The battery pack tray according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the top of the inlet (2011) is less than the height of the top of the guide channel (201), and the height of the bottom of the inlet (2011) is greater than the height of the bottom of the guide channel (201).

4. The tray of the battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-sectional area of ​​the liquid collection tank (202) gradually increases from the direction of the guide channel (201) toward the liquid collection tank (202).

5. A battery pack, characterized in that, The battery pack includes a battery assembly (200) and a tray (100) for the battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the battery assembly (200) is disposed within the receiving cavity (30); the battery assembly (200) includes a battery cell (40) and a battery cell explosion-proof valve (41), wherein at least one of the battery cell explosion-proof valves (41) faces and is opposite to one of the inlets (2011).

6. The battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that, The battery pack (200) is also provided with a spray port (411) located on the side of the cell explosion-proof valve (41) away from the cell (40). The spray port (411) is opposite to the inlet (2011). The height of the top of the inlet (2011) is greater than the height of the top of the spray port (411), and the height of the bottom of the inlet (2011) is less than the height of the bottom of the spray port (411).

7. The battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that, Each of the cell explosion-proof valves (41) of the battery pack (200) is opposite to the inlet (2011).

8. The battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that, The battery pack also includes a protective element (50) that at least covers the area of ​​the base plate (10) between the side frame (20) and the battery pack (200).

9. The battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that, The battery pack also includes a whole-pack explosion-proof valve (60), which is connected to the flow channel (201).

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes the battery pack as described in any one of claims 5 to 9.

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