Battery device and electric device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery device and a power utilization device, the battery device comprises a box body, a plurality of battery monomers and a condensation structure, the box body defines a containing cavity, the plurality of battery monomers are arranged in the containing cavity, and the condensation structure is configured to be suitable for condensing eruption substances during thermal runaway of the battery monomers; the absorption structure is arranged in the containing cavity, the absorption structure is configured to be suitable for absorbing eruptions, the thickness directions of the absorption structure and the condensation structure are both in the first direction, the absorption structure and the condensation structure are arranged in a stacked mode in the first direction, and the absorption structure is arranged on the side, facing the containing cavity in the first direction, of the condensation structure. In the technical mode, the quantity of the eruption substances dispersed in the box body can be reduced, the dispersion time of the eruption substances in the box body is reduced, the probability that the condensed eruption substances are evaporated again is reduced, the electric connection in the battery device is kept dry, the insulating property of the battery device is guaranteed, and the service life of the battery device is prolonged. And the risks of insufficient creepage, electric leakage, arc discharge, fire and the like in the battery device are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery device and an electrical device. Background Technology

[0002] In the design of power battery devices, the internal insulation structure is a core element in ensuring electrical safety. Currently, it is commonly used to isolate conductive components through insulating materials such as blue films, insulating covers, and insulating coatings, or by employing air insulation, to ensure that electrical clearances and creepage distances meet the requirements of safety standards. However, when a single battery cell in the battery device experiences thermal runaway, the products released during this runaway can significantly damage the insulation performance, easily leading to safety risks such as insufficient creepage, leakage, and arcing fires. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application aims to address at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this application proposes a battery device and an electrical device incorporating the battery, wherein the battery device can ensure the insulation performance of the battery device and reduce the risks of insufficient creepage, leakage, and arcing fire within the battery device.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a battery device, comprising: a housing defining a receiving cavity; a plurality of battery cells disposed within the receiving cavity; a condensation structure configured to condense ejecta from the battery cells during thermal runaway; and an absorption structure disposed within the receiving cavity, configured to absorb the ejecta, wherein the thickness directions of the absorption structure and the condensation structure are both along a first direction and are stacked in the first direction, and the absorption structure is disposed on the side of the condensation structure facing the receiving cavity in the first direction.

[0005] In the aforementioned technical approach, by incorporating a condensation structure and an absorption structure, the condensation structure rapidly condenses the ejected material generated by thermal runaway of individual battery cells into a liquid state, while the absorption structure adsorbs and collects the condensed liquid and gaseous ejected material. This reduces the amount of ejected material dispersed within the battery compartment, lowers the probability of re-evaporation after condensation, keeps the internal electrical connections of the battery device dry, ensures the insulation performance of the battery device, and reduces the risks of insufficient creepage, leakage, and arcing fires within the battery device. By stacking the absorption and condensation structures along the first direction, the area of ​​the absorption and condensation structures in the plane perpendicular to the first direction can be increased, increasing the condensation contact area between the condensation structure and the ejected material, improving the condensation absorption efficiency of the ejected material, further reducing the risk of ejected material dispersion within the battery compartment, further ensuring the insulation performance within the battery device, and also allowing for a compact layout of the condensation and absorption structures, reducing space occupancy. By arranging the absorption structure with the condensation structure facing the cavity in the first direction, the distance between the absorption structure and the battery cell can be shortened. This allows the ejected material from the battery cell that has experienced thermal runaway to come into direct contact with the absorption structure after ejection, reducing the dispersion time of the ejected material within the cavity and further improving the absorption efficiency of the absorption structure.

[0006] In some embodiments, the battery cell has a pressure relief mechanism, and at least a portion of the pressure relief mechanism of the battery cell is arranged opposite to the condensation structure and the absorption structure in the first direction.

[0007] In the above technical solution, by arranging the pressure relief mechanism of the battery cell relative to the condensation structure and the absorption structure in the first direction, the distance between the pressure relief mechanism and the condensation structure and the absorption structure can be closer, so that the ejected material from the pressure relief mechanism can be directly sprayed onto the condensation structure and the absorption structure, thereby improving the condensation absorption efficiency of the ejected material and ensuring the insulation performance of the box body.

[0008] In some embodiments, the absorption structure includes a first absorbent material element configured to absorb liquid substances, gaseous substances, and / or solid particles in the ejected material.

[0009] In the above-mentioned technical approach, by enabling the first absorbent material to absorb gaseous, liquid and / or solid ejecta, efficient absorption and interception of ejecta in various forms can be achieved, reducing the risk of ejecta escaping into the box, improving the insulation performance of the box after thermal runaway, and reducing the risk of leakage and fire in the battery device.

[0010] In some embodiments, the thickness directions of the first absorbent material and the condensation structure are both along a first direction, and the absorbent material and the condensation structure are stacked in the first direction.

[0011] In the aforementioned technical approach, by stacking the first absorbent material and the condensation structure along the first direction, the surface area of ​​the first absorbent material and the condensation structure can be increased, the condensation contact area between the condensation structure and the ejected material can be increased, and the absorption range of the first absorbent material can be increased. When a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the condensation structure and the absorption structure can rapidly condense and absorb the ejected material, improving the condensation absorption efficiency of the ejected material, further reducing the risk of the ejected material dispersing within the casing, and further ensuring the insulation performance within the battery device. Furthermore, stacking the first absorbent material and the condensation structure along the first direction also allows for a compact layout of the condensation structure and the absorption structure, reducing space occupancy.

[0012] In some embodiments, the absorption structure further includes a support member connected to the condensation structure, wherein the first absorbent material member is supported on the support member.

[0013] In the above technical solution, by setting a support member to support the first absorbent material member, the reliability of fixing the first absorbent material member can be improved and the risk of the first absorbent material member falling off can be reduced.

[0014] In some embodiments, the support member includes a support plate, the first absorbent material member is disposed on the side of the support plate facing the condensation structure, the support plate is formed with a plurality of through holes penetrating the support member in the vertical direction, and at least a portion of the pressure relief mechanism of the battery cell is disposed on the side of the battery cell facing the support plate and is correspondingly disposed with the through holes in the first direction.

[0015] In the above technical solution, by setting a support plate and setting multiple through holes on the support plate, not only can the support area of ​​the first absorbent material be increased, and the support stability and reliability be improved, but the obstruction effect of the support plate on the flow of the ejected material to the first absorbent material and condensation structure on the side of the support plate away from the battery cell can also be reduced, ensuring that the first absorbent material and condensation structure can effectively condense and absorb the ejected material.

[0016] In some embodiments, the support plate has a raised boss on the side surface facing the first absorbent material member, the boss extending circumferentially along the through hole; and / or, the total area of ​​the plurality of through holes on the support plate accounts for 30%-70% of the area of ​​the support plate.

[0017] In the above technical solution, a raised boss is provided around the periphery of the through hole. The boss can prevent the absorbed liquid ejected material from flowing out from the periphery of the through hole, keeping the surface of the battery cell dry and improving the insulation performance of the battery device. By making the total area of ​​multiple through holes account for 30%-70% of the total area of ​​the support plate, on the one hand, the support plate can have sufficient through hole area to ensure that, in the event of thermal runaway of the battery cell, the ejected material can be sprayed relatively completely onto the first absorbent material and condensation structure on the side of the support plate opposite to the battery cell, reducing the obstruction of the support plate on the ejected material during the upward ejection process. On the other hand, the support plate can have sufficient support strength to effectively support the first absorbent material and improve the service life of the absorption structure.

[0018] In some embodiments, the first absorbent material is directly fixed to the surface of the condensation structure.

[0019] In the above technical solution, by directly fixing the first absorbent material to the surface of the condensation structure, the structure can be compacted, space occupancy can be reduced, assembly efficiency can be improved, and the ejected material after condensation of the condensation structure can be directly absorbed by the first absorbent material, further reducing the risk of ejected material escaping or evaporating again.

[0020] In some embodiments, the first absorbent material includes a main absorbent portion and an edge absorbent portion, the edge absorbent portion being connected to the periphery of the main absorbent portion and extending circumferentially along the main absorbent portion, and the thickness of the edge absorbent portion being greater than the thickness of the main absorbent portion.

[0021] In the above technical solution, by making the thickness of the edge absorption part greater than the thickness of the main absorption part, the absorption capacity of the edge absorption part for ejected material can be increased, the total absorption capacity of the first absorption material for ejected material can be improved, and the insulation performance of the battery device can be improved.

[0022] In some embodiments, the thickness of the absorption structure is 5mm-10mm.

[0023] In the above technical solution, by making the thickness of the absorption structure 5mm-10mm, the adsorption capacity of the absorption structure for ejected materials can be guaranteed, the structural strength of the absorption structure itself can be guaranteed, and the space occupied by the absorption structure in the box can be reduced, thus ensuring the energy density of the battery cell.

[0024] In some embodiments, the condensation structure and the battery cells are arranged sequentially along the direction of gravity. The condensation structure has a first surface facing the battery cells. The first surface is formed as a flow guide surface. In the direction from the center of the condensation structure toward the periphery, the flow guide surface extends obliquely toward gradually approaching the plurality of battery cells.

[0025] In the above technical solution, the guiding surface extends at an angle from the center of the condensation structure toward the periphery, gradually approaching multiple battery cells. Under the action of gravity, the guiding surface can guide the ejected material after condensation of the condensation structure to the periphery of the condensation structure, reducing the risk of the ejected material dripping back onto the surface of the battery cells, keeping the electrical connection structure on the surface of the battery cells dry, improving the insulation performance inside the battery device, and reducing the risk of short circuits and arcing inside the battery device.

[0026] In some embodiments, the absorption structure includes a collector disposed around the periphery of the condensation structure, the collector forming a collection groove configured to receive liquid dripping from the periphery of the guide surface.

[0027] In the above technical solution, by setting a collecting component with a collection trough, the collecting component can collect the condensed ejected material, preventing the ejected material from flowing onto other conductive parts inside the box, ensuring that the electrical connections inside the box are dry, and improving the insulation performance.

[0028] In some embodiments, the collector is fixed to the side wall of the receiving cavity and disposed close to the condensation structure in the direction of gravity; and / or, the collector cooperates with the side wall of the receiving cavity to enclose the collection groove.

[0029] In the above technical solution, by positioning the collecting component close to the condensation structure in the direction of gravity, the distance between the collecting tank and the periphery of the guide surface in the direction of gravity can be reduced. This allows the collecting tank to fully receive the liquid ejected from the periphery of the guide surface, reducing the probability of splashing during dripping and improving the insulation performance of the battery device. By enclosing the collecting tank with the sidewall of the receiving cavity, the structure of the collecting component can be simplified, reducing the amount of material used, lowering costs, and reducing space occupation.

[0030] In some embodiments, the absorption structure further includes a second absorbent material configured to absorb liquid substances, gaseous substances and / or solid particles in the ejected material, the second absorbent material being disposed within the collection tank.

[0031] In the above technical solution, by setting a second absorbent material in the collection tank to absorb the liquid ejected material in the collection tank, the amount of diffuse ejected material in the box is further reduced, and the insulation performance of the battery device is improved.

[0032] In some embodiments, in a second direction perpendicular to the direction of gravity, the guide surface first extends obliquely away from the battery cell and then gradually extends obliquely closer to the battery cell, and the collector is arranged at the ends of the receiving cavity in the second direction.

[0033] In the above technical solution, by first gradually extending the guide surface away from the battery cell and then gradually extending it closer to the battery cell in the second direction, the condensed ejected material can be guided to both ends of the receiving cavity in the second direction through the guide surface. Thus, while ensuring the collection efficiency of the ejected material, the total circumferential length of the collecting component in the receiving cavity can be reduced, the material usage of the collecting component can be reduced, and the space occupied by the collecting component in the receiving cavity can be reduced.

[0034] In some embodiments, the guiding surface is an arc surface that is concave in the direction away from the battery cell.

[0035] In the above technical solution, by making the flow guiding surface into an arc surface that is opposite to the concavity of the battery cell, the flow guiding surface can be made smoother, reducing the risk of local stress concentration in the condensation structure and improving the service life of the condensation structure.

[0036] In some embodiments, the guide surface is an inclined surface that is tilted relative to a first plane, and the first plane is perpendicular to the direction of gravity.

[0037] In the above technical solution, by making the guide surface an inclined surface, the processing of the guide surface can be facilitated, the processing difficulty can be reduced, and the processing efficiency can be improved.

[0038] In some embodiments, the angle between the guide surface and the first plane is 15°-30°.

[0039] In the above technical solution, by making the angle between the guide surface and the first plane 15°-30°, it can be ensured that the guide surface has a sufficient tilt angle to efficiently guide the ejected material into the collection tank. It can also control the total height dimension of the condensation structure in the direction of gravity, making the structure of the condensation structure compact and reducing the space occupied.

[0040] In some embodiments, the height of the guide surface in the direction of gravity is 5mm-20mm.

[0041] In the above technical solution, by making the height of the guide surface in the direction of gravity 5mm-20mm, on the one hand, it can ensure that the guide surface has a sufficient tilt angle to effectively and reliably guide the ejected material into the collection tank. On the other hand, it can control the total height dimension of the condensation structure in the direction of gravity, making the structure of the condensation structure compact and reducing the space occupied.

[0042] In some embodiments, the condensation structure is a liquid-cooled component having a heat exchange channel and a heat exchange inlet and a heat exchange outlet communicating with the heat exchange channel; and / or, the condensation structure is an air-cooled component including a plurality of airflow drive units arranged at intervals; and / or, the condensation structure is a phase change condenser including a shell and a phase change material, the shell defining a cavity, and the phase change material filling the cavity.

[0043] In the above technical solutions, by using a liquid-cooled condenser structure, the condensation rate of the ejected material can be improved, the secondary volatilization rate and amount of the ejected material can be reduced, and the insulation performance within the battery device can be enhanced. By using a wind-cooled condenser structure comprising multiple airflow-driven units, condensation of the ejected material can be achieved without an external heat exchange medium, simplifying the condensation structure and reducing production and maintenance costs. By setting the condenser structure as a phase-change condenser, the heat from the ejected material can be absorbed through the phase-change material, enabling condensation of the ejected material without energy consumption, reducing the energy consumption of the battery device, and also improving condensation efficiency.

[0044] In some embodiments, the enclosure includes a main body defining a top-open receiving cavity, a cover covering the top of the main body, and a condensation structure disposed within the receiving cavity; or, the condensation structure is integrated with the cover or the main body.

[0045] In the above technical solution, by setting the condensation structure inside the housing cavity, the condensation structure can be arranged closer to the battery cell, improving the condensation efficiency of the condensation structure for ejected material. By integrating the condensation structure with the cover or the main body of the housing, the number of parts can be reduced, so that the condensation structure does not need to occupy the space inside the housing cavity, thereby increasing the energy density of the battery device.

[0046] In some embodiments, the absorption structure includes an absorbent material component, which is a composite material of activated carbon, sand, or silica gel; and / or, the specific surface area of ​​the absorbent material component is greater than or equal to 500 m² / g.

[0047] In the above technical solution, by using a composite material of activated carbon, sand, and / or silica gel as the absorbent material, costs can be reduced while still meeting the adsorption performance requirements for ejected materials. By ensuring the specific surface area of ​​the absorbent material is greater than or equal to 500 m² / g, the adsorption capacity of the absorbent material can be improved, enhancing its adsorption effect on ejected materials, reducing the dispersion of ejected materials within the casing, and improving the insulation performance of the battery device.

[0048] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an electrical device, including a battery device according to the first aspect of this application.

[0049] In the above embodiments, by providing the battery device described in the first aspect, the overall performance of the power-consuming device is improved.

[0050] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0051] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the battery device according to Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0053] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of point A, indicated by the center circle;

[0054] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cover plate, condensation structure, and absorption structure shown;

[0055] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of the cover plate, condensation structure, and absorption structure shown in the diagram;

[0056] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the battery device according to Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0057] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 The battery device shown does not include an exploded view of individual battery cells;

[0058] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A magnified view of point B, indicated by the center circle;

[0059] Figure 9 This is an exploded view of the battery device according to Embodiment 3 of this application;

[0060] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 The battery device shown does not include an exploded view of individual battery cells;

[0061] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 A magnified view of point C, indicated by the center circle;

[0062] Figure 12 This is an exploded view of the battery device according to Embodiment 4 of this application;

[0063] Figure 13 yes Figure 12 The battery device shown does not include an exploded view of individual battery cells;

[0064] Figure 14 yes Figure 13 A magnified view of point D, indicated by the middle circle.

[0065] Figure label:

[0066] 1. Electrical appliances;

[0067] 100. Battery assembly; 200. Controller; 300. Motor;

[0068] 10. Box body; 11. Box main body; 12. Lid; 101. Receiving cavity;

[0069] 20. Battery cell; 21. Pressure relief mechanism; 22. Terminal post;

[0070] 30a. Liquid cooling component; 311. Heat exchange inlet; 312. Heat exchange outlet;

[0071] 30c, Phase change condenser; 301, Flow guide surface;

[0072] 40. Absorbing structure; 41. First absorbent material component; 42. Support component; 421. Through hole; 422. Boss; 423. Support plate;

[0073] 43. Collector; 431. Collector trough; 44. Second absorbent material component; 50. Adhesive component; 60. Insulating coating. Detailed Implementation

[0074] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0075] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0076] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0077] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0078] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0079] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two).

[0080] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0081] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0082] The battery apparatus mentioned in the embodiments of this application may include one or more battery cell assemblies for providing voltage and capacity. A battery cell assembly may include one or more battery cells; when there are multiple battery cells, they are connected in series, parallel, or mixed connection via a busbar. Mixed connection refers to multiple battery cells being connected in both series and parallel connections.

[0083] In some embodiments, a battery cell assembly is typically formed by arranging multiple battery cells; as an example, a battery cell assembly can be a battery module, which is formed by arranging and fixing multiple battery cells together to form a single module. As an example, a battery module can be formed by bundling multiple battery cells together with cable ties.

[0084] In some embodiments, the battery device may be a battery pack, which includes a housing and one or more individual battery cells housed within the housing.

[0085] As an example, the battery cell assembly can be a battery module, which can be housed in a housing by fixing the battery module in the housing.

[0086] As an example, battery cell assemblies can also be housed in a housing by directly fixing multiple battery cells to the housing.

[0087] As an example, the enclosure may include a first enclosure and a second enclosure. The first enclosure and the second enclosure are fastened together to form a closed space inside the enclosure to house the individual battery cells. Here, "closed" refers to covering or closing, and can be either sealed or unsealed. The first enclosure may be a top cover or a bottom plate.

[0088] As an example, the enclosure may include a top cover, a frame, and a bottom plate. The top cover and bottom plate are connected to the frame, creating an enclosed space inside the enclosure to house the individual battery cells.

[0089] As an example, the housing can be part of the vehicle's chassis structure. For instance, the housing's roof can be at least part of the vehicle's floor, or the housing's frame can be at least part of the vehicle's crossbeams and longitudinal beams.

[0090] In some embodiments, the battery device refers to an energy storage device, which includes a housing with a door on at least one side. Energy storage devices include energy storage containers, energy storage cabinets, etc.

[0091] The battery cells mentioned in the embodiments of this application may include lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium-ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, or magnesium-ion batteries, etc., and the embodiments of this application are not limited to these. Battery cells may be cylindrical, flat, cuboid, or other shapes, etc., and the embodiments of this application are not limited to these shapes either. Battery cells are generally classified into three types according to their packaging method: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells, and pouch battery cells, and the embodiments of this application are not limited to these types either.

[0092] For example, a single battery cell typically includes a housing, a cell assembly, and an electrolyte. The housing is used to house the cell assembly and the electrolyte, and the housing has at least one positive electrode post and at least one negative electrode post. The cell assembly includes one or more electrode assemblies, which are formed by stacking or winding positive electrode sheets, negative electrode sheets, and separators.

[0093] Meanwhile, individual battery cells primarily function by the movement of metal ions between the positive and negative electrode plates. Taking lithium-ion batteries as an example, the positive electrode current collector can be made of aluminum, and the positive electrode active material layer can be made of lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium, or lithium manganese oxide, etc. The negative electrode current collector can be made of copper, and the negative electrode active material layer can be made of carbon or silicon, etc. During charging and discharging, Li+ ions repeatedly insert and extract between the two electrodes: during charging, Li+ ions extract from the positive electrode, pass through the electrolyte, and insert into the negative electrode, leaving the negative electrode in a lithium-rich state; the reverse occurs during discharging.

[0094] The technical solutions described in the embodiments of this application are applicable to various power devices that use battery devices, such as mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, electric vehicles, electric toys, power tools, vehicles, ships and spacecraft, etc. Among them, electric toys can include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys and electric airplane toys, etc., and spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles and spacecraft, etc.

[0095] In recent years, new energy vehicles have experienced rapid development. In the field of electric vehicles, battery devices, as the power source, play an irreplaceable and crucial role. Among them, batteries, as core components of new energy vehicles, have high requirements in terms of both energy density and reliability.

[0096] In related technologies, after a single battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the resulting electrolyte vapors, decomposition gases, and other byproducts rapidly diffuse throughout the entire battery device in the form of flue gas. To address this issue, the industry commonly employs adsorption media to directly capture these thermal runaway products. However, in actual thermal runaway processes, the products diffuse rapidly and over a wide area, making it difficult for adsorption media placed in a single location to adequately capture them. Distributing the adsorption media across various areas of the battery pack to achieve full coverage would significantly increase internal space occupancy, directly reducing the energy density and structural compactness of the battery device. This inherent contradiction between adsorption efficiency and space occupancy has become a key bottleneck restricting the improvement of battery device safety and overall performance, urgently requiring new technical solutions to overcome this challenge.

[0097] Based on the above considerations, in order to improve the insulation performance of individual battery cells after thermal runaway, this application designs a battery device. The battery device is equipped with a condensation structure for condensing thermal runaway ejections and an absorption structure for absorbing thermal runaway ejections. The condensation structure can quickly condense the ejections generated by thermal runaway of individual battery cells into a liquid state, and the absorption structure can adsorb and collect the ejections condensed by the condensation structure. This can reduce the amount of ejections dispersed in the battery box, reduce the probability of the condensed ejections evaporating again, keep the electrical connections inside the battery device dry, ensure the insulation performance of the battery device, and reduce the risk of leakage and arcing fire due to insufficient creepage.

[0098] For ease of explanation, the following embodiments use a vehicle as an example to describe the structure of the electrical device 1 and the battery device 100 of this application in detail.

[0099] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 The electrical device 1 provided in some embodiments of this application is a schematic diagram of a vehicle structure. The vehicle can be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a natural gas-powered vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. New energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles, etc. The vehicle is equipped with a battery device 100, which can be located at the bottom, front, or rear of the vehicle. The battery device 100 can be used to supply power to the vehicle; for example, the battery device 100 can serve as the vehicle's operating power source. The vehicle may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300. The controller 200 is used to control the battery device 100 to supply power to the motor 300, for example, to meet the power needs of starting, navigation, and driving the vehicle. In some embodiments of this application, the battery device 100 can not only serve as the vehicle's operating power source but also as the vehicle's driving power source, replacing or partially replacing gasoline or natural gas to provide driving power to the vehicle.

[0100] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2This is an exploded view of the battery device 100 according to Embodiment 1 of this application. The battery device 100 includes a housing 10 and a plurality of battery cells 20. The housing 10 provides a receiving space for the battery cells 20, which are housed within the housing 10. The housing 10 can have various structures. In some embodiments, the housing 10 may include a first housing and a second housing, which overlap each other, jointly defining a receiving space for accommodating the battery cells 20. The second housing may be a hollow structure with one open end, and the first housing may be a plate-like structure, with the first housing covering the open side of the second housing so that the first and second housings jointly define the receiving space; alternatively, both the first and second housings may be hollow structures with one open side, with the open side of the first housing covering the open side of the second housing. Of course, the housing 10 formed by the first and second housings can have various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, etc.

[0101] The following is for reference. Figures 2-14 A battery device 100 according to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application is described.

[0102] This application provides a battery device 100, such as... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, it includes: a housing 10, a plurality of battery cells 20, a condensation structure (such as a liquid cooler 30a, an air cooler, or a phase change condenser 30c shown below) and an absorption structure 40. The housing 10 defines a receiving cavity 101, in which the plurality of battery cells 20 are disposed. The condensation structure is configured to condense ejecta in the event of thermal runaway of the battery cells 20. The absorption structure 40 is disposed in the receiving cavity 101 and is configured to absorb the ejecta.

[0103] In some examples, the outer contour of the housing 10 of the battery device 100 is cuboid in shape. The length direction of the housing 10 is the X-direction (e.g., front-to-back direction) as shown in the figure, the width direction of the housing 10 is the Y-direction (e.g., left-to-right direction) as shown in the figure, and the height direction of the housing 10 is the Z-direction (e.g., up-down direction) as shown in the figure, wherein the Z-direction, X-direction, and Y-direction are mutually perpendicular. The housing 10 includes a housing body 11 and a cover 12. The housing body 11 defines a top-open receiving cavity 101, and the cover 12 seals the top of the housing body 11.

[0104] In some examples, the number of battery cells 20 can be eight, ten, fifteen, twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, or more. Multiple battery cells 20 can be connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed configuration; a mixed configuration means that multiple battery cells 20 are connected in both series and parallel. Multiple battery cells 20 can be directly connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed configuration, and then the entire assembly of the multiple battery cells 20 is housed within the housing 10; alternatively, multiple battery cells 20 can first be connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed configuration to form battery modules, and then these battery modules can be connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed configuration to form a whole, which is then housed within the housing 10. The battery device 100 may also include other structures; for example, the battery device 100 may also include a busbar component for realizing electrical connections between multiple battery cells 20.

[0105] In some examples, the battery cell 20 includes a housing and an electrode assembly, the electrode assembly being disposed within the housing, a terminal post 22 being disposed on the housing, and a pressure relief mechanism 21 being disposed on the housing. The pressure relief mechanism 21 may be disposed on the top of the housing, facing the cover 12 of the housing 10. In some examples, only some of the pressure relief mechanisms 21 of the battery cells 20 may face the cover 12, or all of the pressure relief mechanisms 21 of the battery cells 20 may face the cover 12.

[0106] In some examples, the condensing structure can be arranged within the receiving cavity 101 and fixed to the housing 10. For example, the condensing structure can be fixedly connected to the cover 12. In other examples, the condensing structure can be integrally formed with the housing 10. For example, the condensing structure can be integrated with the cover 12 of the housing 10, or it can be integrated with the bottom plate and / or side plate of the housing body 11. In some examples, the condensing structure may include a liquid cooling component 30a, an air cooling component, a phase change condensing component 30c, and / or a semiconductor heat exchanger.

[0107] The absorption structure 40 is disposed in the receiving cavity 101. In some examples, the absorption structure 40 can be fixed on the condensation structure or on the housing 10. The absorption structure 40 can absorb the ejected material through chemical reaction or physical adsorption.

[0108] When a single battery cell 20 in the battery device 100 experiences thermal runaway, the battery cell 20 ejects ejected material. The ejected material can be directly ejected onto the condensation structure or the condensation structure and absorption structure 40. The ejected material can also be ejected to any position within the receiving cavity 101 of the housing 10. The condensation structure can quickly condense the ejected material generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell 20, reducing the dispersion time and quantity of the ejected material within the housing 10.

[0109] Meanwhile, the absorption structure 40 can adsorb and collect the ejected material condensed by the condensation structure, reducing the probability of the ejected material evaporating and dispersing again after condensation, keeping the electrical connections inside the battery device 100 dry, and reducing the risk of the gaseous ejected material released due to thermal runaway of the battery cell 20 reducing the insulation performance of the battery device 100, causing insufficient creepage leakage and arcing fire.

[0110] In the above technical solution, by setting a condensation structure and an absorption structure 40, the condensation structure can quickly condense the ejected material generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell 20, and the absorption structure 40 can adsorb and collect the liquid and gaseous ejected material after being condensed by the condensation structure. As a result, the amount of ejected material dispersed in the housing 10 can be reduced, the probability of the condensed ejected material evaporating again can be reduced, the electrical connections inside the battery device 100 can be kept dry, the insulation performance of the battery device 100 can be guaranteed, and the risks of insufficient creepage, leakage and arcing fire inside the battery device 100 can be reduced.

[0111] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the condensation structure and the absorption structure 40 are arranged adjacent to each other.

[0112] For example, the condensation structure and the absorption structure 40 can be arranged side by side or stacked in a certain direction.

[0113] In the above technical solution, by arranging the condensing structure and the absorption structure 40 adjacent to each other, the distance between the condensing structure and the absorption structure 40 can be shortened. After the condensing structure condenses the ejected material, the ejected material does not need to travel a long distance and time to reach the absorption structure 40 and be directly absorbed by the absorption structure 40, thereby improving the absorption efficiency of the condensed ejected material.

[0114] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the condensation structure and the absorption structure 40 are arranged on the same side of multiple battery cells 20.

[0115] In some examples, the condensation structure and absorption structure 40 can be arranged on multiple battery cells 20 in the direction of gravity (e.g., Figure 2 The condensation structure and absorption structure 40 can also be arranged on the upper side of the plurality of battery cells 20 in the Z direction (as shown in the diagram), and can also be arranged on the lower side of the plurality of battery cells 20 in the direction of gravity. In some examples, the condensation structure and absorption structure 40 can be arranged on the periphery of the plurality of battery cells 20, for example, the condensation structure and absorption structure 40 can be located on the width direction of the plurality of battery cells 20 in the housing 10 (e.g., in the direction of gravity). Figure 2 (as shown in the Y direction) on one side, or, located on one side of the multiple battery cells 20 along the length of the housing 10 (e.g., in the Y direction). Figure 2 (as shown in the Y direction) on one side.

[0116] In the above technical solution, by arranging the condensation structure and the absorption structure 40 on the same side of multiple battery cells 20, the distance between the condensation structure and the absorption structure 40 can be shortened. After the condensation structure condenses the ejected material, the ejected material does not need to travel a long distance and time to reach the absorption structure 40 and be directly absorbed by the absorption structure 40. Thus, the absorption efficiency of the condensed ejected material can be improved.

[0117] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the thickness directions of the absorption structure 40 and the condensation structure are both along the first direction, and they are stacked in the first direction. The absorption structure 40 is arranged on the side of the condensation structure facing the cavity 101 in the first direction.

[0118] In some examples, both the absorption structure 40 and the condensation structure are plate-shaped with their thickness direction along the first direction, and are stacked in the first direction.

[0119] In the above technical solution, by stacking the absorption structure 40 and the condensation structure along the first direction, the area of ​​the absorption structure 40 and the condensation structure in the plane perpendicular to the first direction can be increased, the condensation contact area between the condensation structure and the ejected material can be increased, the condensation absorption efficiency of the ejected material can be improved, the risk of the ejected material spreading within the housing 10 can be further reduced, the insulation performance within the battery device 100 can be further guaranteed, and the layout of the condensation structure and the absorption structure 40 can be compacted, reducing space occupation. In addition, by arranging the absorption structure 40 on the side of the condensation structure facing the cavity 101 in the first direction, the distance between the absorption structure 40 and the battery cell 20 can be shortened, so that the ejected material from the battery cell 20 after thermal runaway can directly contact the absorption structure 40 after ejection, reducing the dispersion time of the ejected material within the cavity 101, and further improving the absorption efficiency of the absorption structure 40 for the ejected material.

[0120] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the battery cell 20 has a pressure relief mechanism 21, and the pressure relief mechanism 21 of at least a portion of the battery cell 20 is arranged opposite to the condensation structure and the absorption structure 40 in a first direction.

[0121] The pressure relief mechanism 21 is arranged opposite to the condensation structure and the absorption structure 40 in the first direction. This means that the pressure relief mechanism 21 on the battery cell 20 is arranged on the side of the battery cell 20 facing the condensation structure and the absorption structure 40, and the pressure relief mechanism 21 is arranged corresponding to the condensation structure and the absorption structure 40 in the first direction. The projection of the pressure relief mechanism 21 along the first direction is located within the range of the condensation structure and the absorption structure 40.

[0122] For example, in a plurality of battery cells 20, only some of the battery cells 20 may have their pressure relief mechanisms 21 arranged opposite to the condensation structure and absorption structure 40 in the first direction, or all of the battery cells 20 may have their pressure relief mechanisms 21 arranged opposite to the condensation structure and absorption structure 40 in the first direction. Figure 2 As shown, the condensation structure, absorption structure 40 and pressure relief mechanism 21 of battery cell 20 are arranged sequentially in the first direction.

[0123] In the above technical solution, by arranging the pressure relief mechanism 21 of the battery cell 20 relative to the condensation structure and the absorption structure 40 in the first direction, the distance between the pressure relief mechanism 21 and the condensation structure and the absorption structure 40 can be closer, so that the ejected material from the pressure relief mechanism 21 can be directly sprayed onto the condensation structure and the absorption structure 40, thereby improving the condensation absorption efficiency of the ejected material and ensuring the insulation performance inside the housing 10.

[0124] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the absorption structure 40 may include a first absorbent material 41, which is configured to absorb liquid substances, gaseous substances and / or solid particles in the ejected material.

[0125] It should be noted that when the battery cell 20 experiences thermal runaway, the ejected ejected materials mainly include gaseous products, liquid products, and solid particles.

[0126] In some examples, the first absorbent material 41 may include a gas absorbent material configured to absorb gaseous ejecta, for example, an alkaline adsorbent and / or a metal oxide adsorbent; the first absorbent material 41 may also include a liquid absorbent material configured to absorb liquid ejecta, for example, a polymeric liquid absorbent material, expanded graphite, an alkaline mineral adsorbent, etc.; the first absorbent material 41 may also include a solid adsorbent material configured to adsorb and retain solid substances in the ejecta, for example, a filter element. The first absorbent material 41 can absorb liquid, gaseous, and solid ejecta through chemical reactions and / or physical adsorption.

[0127] In the above technical solution, by enabling the first absorbent material 41 to absorb gaseous, liquid and / or solid ejecta, efficient absorption and interception of ejecta in various forms can be achieved, reducing the risk of ejecta escaping into the housing 10, improving the insulation performance of the housing 10 after thermal runaway, and reducing the risk of leakage and fire in the battery device 100.

[0128] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the thickness directions of the first absorbent material 41 and the condensation structure are both along the first direction, and the first absorbent material 41 and the condensation structure are stacked in the first direction.

[0129] In some examples, the first absorbent material 41 can be plate-shaped or sheet-shaped, and the condensation structure can also be plate-shaped. Furthermore, the first absorbent material 41 and the condensation structure can be stacked on top of the multiple battery cells 20, or stacked on the bottom of the multiple battery cells 20, in which case the first direction is the direction of gravity. Figure 2 The Z direction is shown in the diagram. In some examples, the first absorbent material 41 and the condensation structure can be stacked around the periphery of multiple battery cells 20. In this case, the first direction can be... Figure 2 The Y or X direction is shown in the diagram. When the first absorbent material 41 is stacked with the condensation structure, the first absorbent material 41 can be arranged on the side of the condensation structure facing the plurality of battery cells 20, or on the side of the condensation structure away from the plurality of battery cells 20.

[0130] In some specific examples, the cover 12, the condensation structure, and the first absorbent material 41 are arranged in a top-to-bottom direction.

[0131] In the above technical solution, by stacking the first absorbent material component 41 and the condensation structure along the first direction, the surface area of ​​the first absorbent material component 41 and the condensation structure can be increased, the condensation contact area between the condensation structure and the ejected material can be increased, and the absorption range of the first absorbent material component 41 can be increased. When the battery cell 20 experiences thermal runaway, the condensation structure and the absorption structure 40 can rapidly condense and absorb the ejected material, improving the condensation absorption efficiency of the ejected material, further reducing the risk of the ejected material dispersing within the housing 10, and further ensuring the insulation performance within the battery device 100. In addition, stacking the first absorbent material component 41 and the condensation structure along the first direction can also make the layout of the condensation structure and the absorption structure 40 more compact, reducing space occupation.

[0132] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figures 3-5 As shown, the absorption structure 40 also includes a support member 42, which is connected to the condensation structure, and the first absorbent material member 41 is supported on the support member 42.

[0133] It should be noted that the support member 42 can be supported on the side of the first absorbent material member 41 facing away from the condensation structure along the first direction. Alternatively, the support member 42 can be arranged on the side of the first absorbent material member 41 facing the condensation structure and connected between the condensation structure and the first absorbent material member 41. The support member 42 can also be arranged around the periphery of the first absorbent material member 41, as long as it can provide support for the first absorbent material member 41. The support member 42 can be a support plate, support frame, or support rib, etc. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the support member 42 is plate-shaped and connected to the lower side of the condensation structure. The interior of the support member 42 defines an absorption cavity, and the first absorbent material member 41 is arranged inside the absorption cavity.

[0134] In the above technical solution, by setting a support member 42 to support the first absorbent material member 41, the reliability of fixing the first absorbent material member 41 can be improved and the risk of the first absorbent material member 41 falling off can be reduced.

[0135] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figures 3-5 As shown, the support member 42 includes a support plate 423, a first absorbent material member 41 is arranged on the side of the support plate 423 facing the condensation structure, a plurality of through holes 421 are formed on the support plate 423 along the first direction, and the pressure relief mechanism 21 of at least a portion of the battery cell 20 is provided on the side of the battery cell 20 facing the support plate 423 and is correspondingly arranged with the through holes 421 in the first direction.

[0136] In some examples, the number of through holes 421 can be two, three, five, ten, twenty, thirty, or more. Multiple through holes 421 correspond one-to-one with the pressure relief mechanisms 21 of multiple battery cells 20 and are correspondingly arranged in the first direction; alternatively, one through hole 421 may correspond to multiple pressure relief mechanisms 21 in the first direction. For example, the support plate 423 may include multiple plate portions, which are arranged along the length of the housing 10 (e.g., along the length of the housing 10). Figure 3 The plates are arranged at intervals in the X direction shown, and a through hole 421 is defined between two adjacent plates. In the projection plane perpendicular to the first direction, the projection of the pressure relief mechanism 21 is located within the projection range of the directly opposite through hole 421, so as to ensure that the ejected material can pass through the through hole 421 and be ejected onto the first absorbent material 41 and the condensation structure on the upper side of the support member 42.

[0137] In the above technical solution, by setting a support plate 423 and setting multiple through holes 421 on the support plate 423, not only can the support area of ​​the first absorbent material component 41 be increased, and the support stability and reliability be improved, but the obstruction effect of the support plate 423 on the flow of the ejected material to the first absorbent material component 41 and the condensation structure on the side of the support plate 423 away from the battery cell 20 can also be reduced, ensuring that the first absorbent material component 41 and the condensation structure can effectively condense and absorb the ejected material.

[0138] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the support plate 423 has a raised boss 422 on the side surface facing the first absorbent material 41, and the boss 422 extends circumferentially along the through hole 421.

[0139] For example, the through hole 421 can be an elongated oval hole that matches the shape of the pressure relief mechanism 21, the boss 422 can extend into a ring along the circumference of the through hole 421, and multiple bosses 422 arranged at intervals along the circumference of the through hole 421 can also be provided around the through hole 421.

[0140] In the above technical solution, after the ejected material is condensed by the condensation structure and absorbed by the first absorbent material 41, the liquid ejected material is collected by the first absorbent material 41 on the side of the support plate 423 facing the condensation structure. By setting a raised boss 422 around the through hole 421, the boss 422 can prevent the absorbed liquid ejected material from flowing out from the periphery of the through hole 421, so that the surface of the battery cell 20 can be kept dry and the insulation performance of the battery device 100 can be improved.

[0141] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figures 3-5 As shown, the total area of ​​the multiple through holes 421 on the support plate 423 accounts for 30%-70% of the area of ​​the support plate 423.

[0142] For example, the total area of ​​the multiple through holes 421 on the support plate 423 can account for 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65% or 70% of the area of ​​the support plate 423.

[0143] In the above technical solution, by making the total area of ​​multiple through holes 421 account for 30%-70% of the total area of ​​the support plate 423, on the one hand, the support plate 423 can have sufficient area of ​​through holes 421 to ensure that when the battery cell 20 is thermally runaway, the ejected material can be sprayed relatively completely onto the first absorbent material 41 and the condensation structure on the side of the support plate 423 away from the battery cell 20, reducing the obstruction of the support plate 423 on the ejected material during the upward ejection process. On the other hand, the support plate 423 can have sufficient support strength to effectively support the first absorbent material 41 and improve the service life of the absorption structure 40.

[0144] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figures 6-8 , Figures 12-14 As shown, the first absorbent material 41 is directly fixed to the surface of the condensation structure. For example, the first absorbent material 41 can be directly attached to the surface of the condensation structure facing the multiple battery cells.

[0145] In the above technical solution, by directly fixing the first absorbent material component 41 to the surface of the condensation structure, the structure can be compacted, space occupancy can be reduced, assembly efficiency can be improved, and the ejected material after condensation of the condensation structure can be directly absorbed by the first absorbent material component 41, further reducing the risk of ejected material escaping.

[0146] In some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figures 6-8 As shown, the first absorbent material 41 includes a main absorbent portion and an edge absorbent portion. The edge absorbent portion is connected to the periphery of the main absorbent portion and extends along the circumference of the main absorbent portion. The thickness of the edge absorbent portion is greater than the thickness of the main absorbent portion.

[0147] For example, the first absorbent material 41 can be rectangular, and the edge absorbent portion can be connected only to the main absorbent portion in the length direction (e.g., Figure 13 The two sides of the edge absorption portion (in the X direction shown), and the width direction of the edge absorption portion and the main body absorption portion (e.g., in the X direction shown) Figure 13 The two edges of the absorber are flush in the Y direction (as shown), and the edge absorption portion can also be connected only to the main body absorption portion in the width direction (e.g., Figure 13 The two sides of the edge absorption portion (in the Y direction shown) and the length direction of the edge absorption portion and the main body absorption portion (e.g.) Figure 13 The two edges of the edge absorption portion (in the X direction shown) are flush, and the edge absorption portion can also extend in a ring shape along the circumference of the main absorption portion. In some examples, the ratio of the thickness of the edge absorption portion to the thickness of the main absorption portion can be 1.1-3. For example, the ratio of the thickness of the edge absorption portion to the thickness of the main absorption portion can be 1.1, 1.2, 1.5, 1.8, 2, 2.2, 2.5, 2.8, or 3.

[0148] In the above technical solution, by making the thickness of the edge absorption part greater than the thickness of the main absorption part, the absorption capacity of the edge absorption part for the ejected material can be increased, the total absorption capacity of the first absorption material 41 for the ejected material can be improved, and the insulation performance of the battery device 100 can be improved.

[0149] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figures 6-8 , Figures 12-14 As shown, the thickness of the absorption structure 40 is 5mm-10mm.

[0150] Specifically, when the absorption structure 40 only includes a first absorbent material element 41 stacked with the condensation structure, the thickness of the first absorbent material element 41 is 5mm-10mm. When the absorption structure 40 includes a support member 42 and the first absorbent material element 41 supported on the support member 42, the total thickness of the absorption structure 40 is 5mm-10mm. For example, the thickness of the absorption structure 40 can be 5mm, 5.5mm, 6mm, 6.5mm, 7mm, 7.5mm, 8mm, 8.5mm, 9mm, 9.5mm, or 10mm.

[0151] In the above technical solution, by making the thickness of the absorption structure 40 5mm-10mm, the absorption structure 40 can have sufficient material thickness to ensure the adsorption capacity of the absorption structure 40 for the ejected material, ensure the structural strength of the absorption structure 40 itself, and also reduce the space occupied by the absorption structure 40 in the housing 10, thus ensuring the energy density of the battery cell 20.

[0152] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figures 7-8 , Figures 10-11 As shown, the condensation structure and the battery cells 20 are arranged sequentially along the direction of gravity. The condensation structure has a first surface facing the battery cells 20. The first surface is formed as a flow guide surface 301. In the direction from the middle of the condensation structure toward the periphery, the flow guide surface 301 extends obliquely toward gradually approaching the plurality of battery cells 20.

[0153] like Figure 7 As shown, the direction of gravity is parallel to the Z direction shown in the figure. The Z direction is set as the up and down direction, and the direction of gravity is from top to bottom. That is to say, the condensation structure and the battery cell 20 are arranged in the direction from top to bottom, and the condensation structure is arranged on the upper side of multiple battery cells 20.

[0154] In some examples, the flow guiding surface 301 can be a spherical or ellipsoidal surface that is away from the recesses of the multiple battery cells 20. The flow guiding surface 301 can also be an arc-shaped cylindrical surface that is away from the recesses of the multiple battery cells 20. The flow guiding surface 301 can also be a conical surface or a pyramidal surface that is away from the recesses of the multiple battery cells 20.

[0155] In the above technical solution, the guide surface 301 extends at an angle towards the periphery of the condensation structure from the center. Under the action of gravity, the guide surface 301 can guide the ejected material after condensation of the condensation structure to the periphery of the condensation structure. This can reduce the risk of the ejected material dripping back onto the surface of the battery cell 20, keep the electrical connection structure on the surface of the battery cell 20 dry, improve the insulation performance of the battery device 100, and reduce the risk of short circuits and arcing in the battery device 100.

[0156] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figures 7-8 , Figures 10-11 As shown, the absorption structure 40 includes a collector 43 arranged around the periphery of the condensation structure. The collector 43 forms a collection groove 431, which is configured to receive liquid dripping from the periphery of the guide surface 301.

[0157] In some examples, the collector 43 can extend in a ring shape along the circumference of the condensation structure, and there can be multiple collectors 43 arranged at intervals along the circumference of the condensation structure. After the ejected material is condensed by the condensation structure, it can flow along the guide surface 301 to the peripheral area and then drip into the collection tank 431.

[0158] In the above technical solution, by setting a collection component 43 with a collection groove 431, the collection component 43 can collect the condensed ejected material, preventing the ejected material from flowing onto other conductive parts inside the box 10, ensuring that the electrical connections inside the box 10 are dry, and improving the insulation performance.

[0159] It should be noted that the liquid ejected material collected in the collection tank 431 can either be collected only in the collection tank 431, or the liquid ejected material can be diverted to the outside of the box 10. Alternatively, an absorbent material can be installed to absorb the liquid ejected material through physical or chemical means.

[0160] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 8 and Figure 11 As shown, the collector 43 is fixed to the side wall of the receiving cavity 101 and is positioned close to the condensation structure in the direction of gravity.

[0161] In the above technical solution, by positioning the collecting component 43 close to the condensation structure in the direction of gravity, the distance between the collecting tank 431 and the periphery of the guiding surface 301 in the direction of gravity can be reduced. This allows the collecting tank 431 to fully receive the liquid ejected material dripping from the periphery of the guiding surface 301, reducing the probability of the ejected material splashing when dripping and improving the insulation performance of the battery device 100.

[0162] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 8 and Figure 11 As shown, the collecting component 43 and the side wall of the receiving cavity 101 cooperate to form a collecting groove 431.

[0163] In some examples, the collector 43 may include a first plate and a second plate arranged in an L-shape and vertically connected, the first plate being positioned perpendicular to the direction of gravity, and the second plate being connected to the first plate in a second direction (e.g., Figure 8 The first plate extends along one edge in the X direction (as shown) and towards the direction of gravity, closer to the condensation structure. The other edge of the first plate in the second direction is connected to the side wall of the receiving cavity 101. The collector 43 extends in the third direction (e.g., in the X direction). Figure 8The two ends in the Y direction shown are respectively connected to the opposite side walls of the receiving cavity 101.

[0164] In the above technical solution, the collection groove 431 is formed by the collection component 43 and the side wall of the receiving cavity 101, which can simplify the structure of the collection component 43, reduce the amount of material used in the collection component 43, reduce costs, and reduce the space occupied.

[0165] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figures 10-11 As shown, the absorption structure 40 includes a second absorbent material 44, which is configured to absorb liquid substances, gaseous substances and / or solid particles in the ejected material, and is disposed in the collection tank 431.

[0166] In some examples, the absorption structure 40 may only include the second absorbent material element 44, excluding the first absorbent material element 41. The second absorbent material element 44 is disposed within the collection tank 431, and the first surface of the condensation structure is only the guide surface 301. In other examples, the absorption structure 40 may include both the first absorbent material element 41 and the second absorbent material element 44. The first absorbent material element 41 is stacked with the condensation structure, and the second absorbent material element 44 is disposed within the collection tank 431. Under the guiding action of the guide surface 301 of the condensation structure, the ejected material that is not absorbed by the first absorbent material element 41 can be guided and dripped into the collection tank 431, where it is further absorbed by the second absorbent material element 44. This further increases the absorption capacity of the absorption structure 40, further reduces the risk of ejected material dispersing within the housing 10, and improves the insulation performance of the battery device 100.

[0167] In the above technical solution, by setting a second absorbent material 44 to absorb the ejected material in the collection tank 431, the second absorbent material 44 can absorb the liquid ejected material in the collection tank 431, further reducing the amount of diffused ejected material in the box 10 and improving the insulation performance of the battery device 100.

[0168] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 7 and Figure 10 As shown, in the second direction perpendicular to the direction of gravity (e.g.) Figure 7 In the X direction shown, the guide surface 301 first gradually extends away from the battery cell 20 at an angle, and then gradually extends closer to the battery cell 20 at an angle. The collection member 43 is arranged at the ends of the receiving cavity 101 in the second direction.

[0169] In the above technical solution, by first gradually extending the guide surface 301 away from the battery cell 20 and then gradually extending it closer to the battery cell 20 in the second direction, the condensed ejected material can be guided to both ends of the receiving cavity 101 in the second direction through the guide surface 301. Thus, while ensuring the collection efficiency of the ejected material, the total circumferential length of the collecting component 43 in the receiving cavity 101 can be reduced, the material usage of the collecting component 43 can be reduced, and the space occupied by the collecting component 43 in the receiving cavity 101 can be reduced.

[0170] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the flow guiding surface 301 is an arc surface that is concave in the direction away from the multiple battery cells 20.

[0171] In the above technical solution, by making the flow guiding surface 301 into an arc surface that is concave away from the battery cell 20, the flow guiding surface 301 can be made smoother, reducing the risk of local stress concentration in the condensation structure and improving the service life of the condensation structure.

[0172] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the guide surface 301 is an inclined surface that is tilted relative to the first plane, and the first plane is perpendicular to the direction of gravity.

[0173] In some examples, the guide surface 301 can be a conical surface, and it can also include two, three, four, five, six, or more inclined surfaces. Multiple inclined surfaces can be sequentially connected in the circumferential direction of the condensation structure. The inclined surfaces are planes inclined relative to the first plane. Adjacent inclined surfaces are arranged at an angle. For example... Figure 10 As shown, the guide surface 301 includes two inclined surfaces, which are in the second direction (e.g.) Figure 7 The two inclined planes are arranged and connected in the X direction (as shown in the diagram), and can be arranged symmetrically about the center line of the condensing structure extending in the third direction.

[0174] In the above technical solution, by making the guide surface 301 an inclined surface, the processing of the guide surface 301 can be facilitated, the processing difficulty can be reduced, and the processing efficiency can be improved.

[0175] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the angle between the guide surface 301 and the first plane is 15°-30°. For example, the angle between the guide surface 301 and the first plane can be 15°, 18°, 20°, 22°, 24°, 26°, 28° or 30°.

[0176] In the above technical solution, by making the angle between the guide surface 301 and the first plane 15°-30°, it can be ensured that the guide surface 301 has a sufficient tilt angle to efficiently guide the ejected material into the collection tank 431. It can also control the total height dimension of the condensation structure in the direction of gravity, making the structure of the condensation structure compact and reducing the space occupied.

[0177] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the guide surface 301 is in the direction of gravity (e.g. Figure 7 The height of the guide surface 301 in the Z direction (as shown) is 5mm-20mm. That is, the distance between the highest and lowest points of the guide surface 301 in the direction of gravity is 5mm-20mm. For example, the height of the guide surface 301 in the direction of gravity can be 5mm, 8mm, 10mm, 12mm, 14mm, 15mm, 16mm, 18mm or 20mm.

[0178] In the above technical solution, by making the height of the guide surface 301 in the direction of gravity 5mm-20mm, on the one hand, it can ensure that the guide surface 301 has a sufficient tilt angle to effectively and reliably guide the ejected material into the collection tank 431. On the other hand, it can control the total height dimension of the condensation structure along the direction of gravity, making the structure of the condensation structure compact and reducing the space occupied.

[0179] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 2 and Figure 12 As shown, the condensation structure is a liquid cooling component 30a, which has a heat exchange channel and a heat exchange inlet 311 and a heat exchange outlet 312 connected to the heat exchange channel.

[0180] For example, the liquid cooling component 30a can be a liquid cooling plate with heat exchange channels inside. The heat exchange medium can enter the heat exchange channels from the heat exchange inlet 311, exchange heat with the ejected material, and then flow out from the heat exchange outlet 312. The heat exchange inlet 311 and the heat exchange outlet 312 can be arranged in the second direction of the liquid cooling component 30a (e.g., in the second direction). Figure 2 They are arranged side by side at the same end in the X direction (as shown in the diagram).

[0181] In some examples, the temperature of the condensation surface of the liquid cooler 30a can be controlled between 18°C ​​and 35°C. For instance, when the battery device 100 is operating, the temperature of the condensation surface of the liquid cooler 30a can be 18°C, 20°C, 22°C, 24°C, 26°C, 28°C, 30°C, 32°C, or 35°C. This allows for a condensation rate of greater than or equal to 95% for the ejected material from the battery cell 20 during thermal runaway, and a secondary volatilization rate of less than or equal to 5% for the condensed ejected material. This effectively controls the dispersion of ejected material within the housing 10, ensuring the insulation performance within the battery device 100.

[0182] In the above technical solution, by making the condensation structure a liquid cooling component 30a, the condensation rate of the ejected material can be improved, the secondary volatilization rate and volatilization amount of the ejected material can be reduced, and the insulation performance of the battery device 100 can be improved.

[0183] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 6 As shown, the condensation structure is an air-cooled component, which includes multiple airflow drive units arranged at intervals.

[0184] For example, the number of airflow drive units can be four, six, eight, ten, twelve, sixteen, twenty, or more. Multiple airflow drive units can be arranged in an array. The airflow drive units can be fans, such as miniature fans. Furthermore, the air-cooling component can include a heat-conducting plate, and multiple airflow drive units can be disposed on the side of the heat-conducting plate facing away from the battery cell 20. The surface of the heat-conducting plate facing the battery cell 20 is a first surface, and the first surface can be formed as a flow-guiding surface 301.

[0185] In the above technical solution, by making the condensation structure an air-cooled component that includes multiple airflow drive units, it is possible to achieve condensation of ejected material without the need for an external heat exchange medium, thereby simplifying the condensation structure and reducing production and maintenance costs.

[0186] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 9 As shown, the condensation structure is a phase change condenser 30c, which includes a shell and a phase change material. The shell defines a cavity, and the phase change material fills the cavity.

[0187] For example, the outer shell can be a hollow rectangular plate shape, with the phase change material filling the shell. In some examples, the phase change temperature of the phase change material is 80℃-200℃, for example, the phase change temperature of the phase change material can be 80℃, 90℃, 100℃, 110℃, 120℃, 130℃, 140℃, 150℃, 160℃, 170℃, 180℃, 190℃, or 200℃. By setting the phase change temperature of the phase change material to 80℃-200℃, it is possible to avoid the phase change condenser 30c being falsely triggered when thermal runaway has not occurred, and it also ensures that in the event of thermal runaway, the phase change material can absorb heat effectively and promptly, condensing and cooling the ejected material.

[0188] In some examples, the phase change material is a solid-liquid phase change material. Specifically, the phase change material can be long-chain paraffin, a composite of paraffin and expanded graphite, a paraffin / porous ceramic composite, a mixed ester of decanoic acid / lauric acid, etc.

[0189] In the above technical solution, by setting the condensation structure as a phase change condenser 30c, the heat of the ejected material can be absorbed by the phase change material, and the ejected material can be condensed without energy consumption, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the battery device 100 and improving the condensation efficiency.

[0190] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figures 7-8 , Figures 10-11 As shown, the box body 10 includes a box body 11, which defines a top-open receiving cavity 101. A cover 12 is provided on the top of the box body 11. A condensation structure is provided in the receiving cavity 101, or the condensation structure is integrated with the cover 12 or the box body 11.

[0191] For example, the condensation structure can be fixed to the side surface of the cover 12 facing the cavity 101, or the condensation structure can be integrally formed with the cover 12.

[0192] In the above technical solution, by setting the condensation structure in the receiving cavity 101, the condensation structure can be arranged closer to the battery cell 20, thereby improving the condensation efficiency of the condensation structure for the ejected material. By integrating the condensation structure with the cover 12 or the main body 11, the number of parts can be reduced, and the condensation structure does not need to occupy the space in the receiving cavity 101, thereby increasing the energy density of the battery device 100.

[0193] In some embodiments of this application, the absorption structure includes an absorbent material component, which may be the first absorbent material component 41 and / or the second absorbent material component 44 described above, and the absorbent material component may be a composite material of activated carbon, sand and / or silica gel.

[0194] In the above technical solution, by making the absorbent material a composite material of activated carbon, sand and / or silica gel, the cost can be reduced while meeting the adsorption performance requirements for ejected materials.

[0195] In some embodiments of this application, the absorbent structure includes an absorbent material with a specific surface area greater than or equal to 500 m² / g. For example, the specific surface area of ​​the absorbent material can be 500 m² / g, 520 m² / g, 540 m² / g, 560 m² / g, 580 m² / g, 600 m² / g, 650 m² / g, 700 m² / g, 750 m² / g, 800 m² / g, or 850 m² / g and above.

[0196] In the above technical solution, by making the specific surface area of ​​the absorbent material greater than or equal to 500m² / g, the adsorption capacity of the absorbent material can be improved, the adsorption effect of the absorbent material on the ejected material can be enhanced, the amount of ejected material dispersed in the housing 10 can be reduced, and the insulation performance of the battery device 100 can be improved.

[0197] It should be noted that in this application, the housing 10, the condensation structure and the absorption structure 40 are fixedly connected, which can make the housing 10, the condensation structure and the absorption structure 40 set at the same potential, thereby reducing the risk of short circuit and arcing caused by the absorption structure 40 absorbing the ejected material.

[0198] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide an electrical device 1, including the battery device 100 of any of the above embodiments.

[0199] In the above technical solution, the overall performance of the power-consuming device 1 is improved by incorporating the battery device 100.

[0200] The following will refer to Figures 2-14 This application describes a battery device 100 according to four specific embodiments.

[0201] Example 1, refer to Figure 2 The battery device 100 includes a main body 11, a cover 12, multiple battery cells 20, a condensation structure, and an absorption structure 40.

[0202] Specifically, such as Figures 2-5 As shown, the main body 11 defines a top-open receiving cavity 101. An insulating coating 60 is provided on the bottom surface of the receiving cavity 101. A cover 12 seals the top of the main body 11. Multiple battery cells 20 are disposed within the main body 10, and the multiple battery cells 20 are arranged along a third direction (the width direction of the main body 10, such as...). Figure 2 As shown in the Y direction, multiple battery packs are stacked sequentially to form a battery pack. In the second direction (the length direction of the housing 10, as shown in the Y direction), the battery packs are arranged in sequence to form a battery pack. Figure 2 The batteries are arranged sequentially in the X direction shown. The lower surface of the battery pack is bonded to the bottom surface of the receiving cavity 101 by an adhesive 50, wherein the adhesive 50 can be a structural adhesive.

[0203] Each battery cell 20 has two terminals 22 on the top of its casing, and a pressure relief mechanism 21 is also provided on the top of the casing, which is located between the two terminals 22.

[0204] The condensing structure is a liquid-cooled component 30a, which is a rectangular plate. The liquid-cooled component 30a is positioned on the lower side of the cover 12, facing the receiving cavity 101. A heat exchange channel is formed within the liquid-cooled component 30a, and a heat exchange inlet 311 and a heat exchange outlet 312, which communicate with the heat exchange channel, are also formed on the liquid-cooled component 30a. The heat exchange medium within the heat exchange channel can be water. In operation, the temperature of the lower surface of the condensing structure is 18℃-35℃.

[0205] The absorption structure 40 is a rectangular plate shape and is stacked on the lower side of the liquid cooling component 30a. The absorption structure 40 includes a first absorbent material component 41 and a support component 42. The support component 42 is plate-shaped and connected to the liquid cooling component 30a. The support component 42 has a support plate 423 spaced apart from the lower surface of the liquid cooling component 30a. Multiple through holes 421 are formed on the support plate 423, and the multiple through holes 421 are corresponding to multiple pressure relief mechanisms 21. The multiple through holes 421 occupy 30%-70% of the total area of ​​the support plate 423. Each through hole 421 has an upwardly protruding boss 422 around its periphery, and the boss 422 extends in a ring shape along the circumference of the through hole 421. The first absorbent material component 41 is arranged between the support plate 423 and the liquid cooling component 30a. The first absorbent material component 41 is activated carbon, sand, silica gel composite material, etc., or the specific surface area of ​​the first absorbent material component 41 is ≥500m² / g.

[0206] In this embodiment of the battery device 100, when a battery cell 20 in the housing 10 experiences thermal runaway, the thermal runaway products generated by the battery cell 20 are ejected upward through the pressure relief mechanism 21, diffuse through the through hole 421 on the support plate 423 to the area below the liquid cooling component 30a, and some of the flue gas in the ejected material is directly adsorbed and collected by the first absorbent material component 41. Some of the flue gas in the ejected material is condensed into liquid by the liquid cooling component 30a and falls onto the first absorbent material component 41 on the upper side of the support plate 423, and is subsequently absorbed by the first absorbent material component 41.

[0207] According to the battery device 100 of this application embodiment, the liquid cooling component 30a can rapidly condense the thermal runaway ejected material generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell 20 into a liquid state, reducing the amount of secondary volatilization of the ejected material and the amount of vapor dispersed inside the battery device 100. The absorption structure 40 arranged below the liquid cooling component 30a can adsorb or collect the thermal runaway smoke ejected material condensed by the liquid cooling component 30a, keeping the electrical connections inside the battery device 100 dry and reducing the risk of insufficient creepage, leakage, and arcing fire caused by the thermal runaway smoke released by the battery cell 20 reducing the insulation performance of the battery device 100.

[0208] Example 2, as Figures 6-8 As shown, the structure of this embodiment is roughly the same as that of Embodiment 1, with the same components using the same reference numerals. The only difference is that the absorption structure 40 of Embodiment 1 includes a first absorbent material 41 and a support 42, while the absorption structure 40 of this embodiment includes a first absorbent material 41, a collector 43 and a second absorbent material 44, but does not include the support 42. Meanwhile, the lower surface of the condensation structure is formed as a guide surface 301.

[0209] Reference Figure 6The lower surface of the condensation structure is formed as a flow guide surface 301. From one end of the housing 10 in the second direction to the other end, the flow guide surface 301 is an arc-shaped cylindrical surface that gradually rises and then gradually decreases. The distance between the two ends of the flow guide surface 301 in the second direction and the highest point of the flow guide surface 301 is 5mm.

[0210] The absorption structure 40 includes a collection element 43, a first absorbent material element 41, and a second absorbent material element 44. The first absorbent material element 41 is attached to the guide surface 301. There are two collection elements 43, which are respectively arranged on the main body 11 of the box in the second direction (e.g., Figure 6 On two opposite sidewalls in the X direction (as shown), and in the direction of gravity (e.g.) Figure 6 The collection component 43 is positioned near the cover 12 in the Z direction (as shown in the diagram), and is located on the box body 11 in a third direction (e.g., in the Z direction). Figure 6 The two ends of the Y direction shown are respectively connected to the main body 11 of the box. The collecting component 43 cooperates with the main body 11 of the box to define the top open collecting groove 431. The second absorbent material component 44 is disposed in the collecting groove 431. The second absorbent material component 44 is a liquid adsorption material such as activated carbon, sand, or silica gel composite material, or the specific surface area of ​​the second absorbent material component 44 is ≥500m² / g.

[0211] In this embodiment of the battery device 100, when a battery cell 20 in the housing 10 experiences thermal runaway, the thermal runaway products (ejected material) generated by the battery cell 20 are sprayed upward through the pressure relief mechanism 21 and directly onto the arc-shaped guide surface 301. They are then cooled into a liquid state by the condensation structure. Subsequently, the liquid and gaseous ejected material fall into the collection tank 431 along the guide surface 301 and are absorbed by the second absorbent material 44 in the collection tank 431, reducing the amount of free flue gas ejected material.

[0212] Example 3, as Figures 9-11 As shown, the structure of this embodiment is roughly the same as that of Embodiment 2, with the same components using the same reference numerals. The only differences are that the structures of the condensation structure and the absorption structure 40 are different.

[0213] The condensation structure is a phase change condenser 30c, which includes a shell and a phase change material. The shell can be a hollow rectangular plate shape, defining a cavity. The phase change material fills the cavity, and the phase change temperature of the material is 80℃-200℃. The phase change material can be long-chain paraffin, a composite of paraffin and expanded graphite, a paraffin / porous ceramic composite, a mixed ester of decanoic acid / lauric acid, etc. The lower surface of the shell defines a V-shaped guide surface 301, which guides the flow from the housing 10 in a second direction (e.g., ...). Figure 10In the direction shown in the X direction, the guide surface 301 extends upward at an angle towards the middle from both ends, and the angle between the guide surface 301 and the first plane perpendicular to the direction of gravity is 15°.

[0214] The absorption structure 40 includes a collection element 43 and a second absorbent material element 44. There are two collection elements 43, which are respectively arranged on two opposite side walls of the main body 11 in the second direction and are close to the cover 12. The two ends of the collection elements 43 in the third direction are respectively connected to the main body 11. The collection elements 43 and the main body 11 cooperate to define a top-open collection groove 431. The second absorbent material element 44 is disposed in the collection groove 431. The second absorbent material element 44 is a liquid adsorption material such as activated carbon, sand, or silica gel composite material, or the specific surface area of ​​the second absorbent material element 44 is ≥500m² / g.

[0215] In this embodiment of the battery device 100, when a battery cell 20 in the housing 10 experiences thermal runaway, the thermal runaway products (ejected material) generated by the battery cell 20 are ejected upward through the pressure relief mechanism 21 and directly onto the inclined guide surface 301. At this time, the phase change material absorbs heat during phase change, causing the ejected material to be cooled into a liquid state. Subsequently, the liquid and gaseous ejected material fall into the collection tank 431 along the inclined guide surface 301 and are absorbed by the second absorbent material 44 in the collection tank 431, reducing the amount of free flue gas ejected material.

[0216] Example 4, as Figures 12-14 As shown, the structure of this embodiment is largely the same as that of Embodiment 1, with identical components using the same reference numerals. The only difference is that the absorption structure 40 in Embodiment 1 includes a support member 42 and a first absorbent material member 41, while the absorption structure 40 in this embodiment only includes the first absorbent material member 41, which is directly attached to the lower surface of the liquid cooling component 30a. The first absorbent material member 41 includes a main absorbent portion and an edge absorbent portion. The edge absorbent portion is connected to the periphery of the main absorbent portion and can extend in a ring shape along the circumference of the main absorbent portion. The thickness of the edge absorbent portion in the direction of gravity is greater than the thickness of the main absorbent portion.

[0217] When a battery cell 20 experiences thermal runaway inside the housing 10, the thermal runaway products (ejected material) generated by the battery cell 20 are ejected upwards through the pressure relief mechanism 21 and directly onto the first absorbent material 41, where they are then condensed and absorbed. If the ejected material is not completely absorbed, the cover 12 and the liquid cooling component 30a will bulge upwards due to the impact of the ejected material, forming a guide surface 301 on the lower surface of the liquid cooling component 30a. The guide surface 301 can guide the unabsorbed ejected material to the edge absorption section for further absorption.

[0218] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of this application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery device, characterized in that, include: A housing (10) defines a receiving cavity (101); Multiple battery cells (20) are disposed within the receiving cavity (101); A condensation structure configured to condense ejecta from the battery cell (20) during thermal runaway; An absorption structure (40) is disposed within the receiving cavity (101). The absorption structure (40) is configured to absorb the ejected material. The thickness directions of the absorption structure (40) and the condensation structure are both along a first direction and are stacked in the first direction. The absorption structure (40) is disposed on the side of the condensation structure facing the receiving cavity (101) in the first direction.

2. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery cell (20) has a pressure relief mechanism (21), and at least a portion of the pressure relief mechanism (21) of the battery cell (20) is arranged opposite to the condensation structure and the absorption structure (40) in the first direction.

3. The battery device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The absorption structure (40) includes a first absorbent material (41) configured to absorb liquid, gaseous and / or solid particles in the ejected material.

4. The battery device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The thickness direction of the first absorbent material (41) and the condensation structure are both along the first direction, and they are stacked in the first direction.

5. The battery device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The absorption structure (40) further includes a support member (42), which is connected to the condensation structure, and the first absorbent material member (41) is supported on the support member (42).

6. The battery device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The support member (42) includes a support plate (423), the first absorbent material member (41) is arranged on the side of the support plate (423) facing the condensation structure, and a plurality of through holes (421) are formed on the support plate (423) along the first direction. At least a portion of the pressure relief mechanism (21) of the battery cell (20) is provided on the side of the battery cell (20) facing the support plate (423), and is provided corresponding to the through hole (421) in the first direction.

7. The battery device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The support plate (423) has a raised boss (422) on the side facing the first absorbent material (41), the boss (422) extending circumferentially along the through hole (421); and / or, The total area of ​​the plurality of through holes (421) on the support plate (423) accounts for 30%-70% of the area of ​​the support plate (423).

8. The battery device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first absorbent material component (41) is directly fixed to the surface of the condensation structure.

9. The battery device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first absorbent material component (41) includes a main absorbent portion and an edge absorbent portion. The edge absorbent portion is connected to the periphery of the main absorbent portion and extends circumferentially along the main absorbent portion. The thickness of the edge absorbent portion is greater than the thickness of the main absorbent portion.

10. The battery device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The thickness of the absorption structure (40) is 5mm-10mm.

11. The battery device according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, The condensation structure and the battery cells (20) are arranged sequentially along the direction of gravity. The condensation structure has a first surface facing the battery cells (20). The first surface is formed as a flow guide surface (301). In the direction from the middle of the condensation structure toward the periphery, the flow guide surface (301) extends obliquely toward gradually approaching the plurality of battery cells (20).

12. The battery device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The absorption structure (40) includes a collector (43) arranged around the periphery of the condensation structure. The collector (43) has a collection groove (431) configured to receive liquid dripping from the periphery of the guide surface (301).

13. The battery device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The collecting element (43) is fixed to the side wall of the receiving cavity (101) and is positioned close to the condensation structure in the direction of gravity; and / or, The collecting component (43) cooperates with the side wall of the receiving cavity (101) to enclose the collecting groove (431).

14. The battery device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The absorption structure (40) further includes a second absorbent material (44), which is configured to absorb liquid substances, gaseous substances and / or solid particles in the ejected material, and is disposed in the collection tank (431).

15. The battery device according to claim 12, characterized in that, In a second direction perpendicular to the direction of gravity, the guide surface (301) first extends at an angle away from the battery cell (20) and then gradually extends at an angle closer to the battery cell (20), and the collection member (43) is arranged at both ends of the receiving cavity (101) in the second direction.

16. The battery device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The flow guiding surface (301) is an arc surface that is concave in the direction away from the battery cell (20).

17. The battery device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The guide surface (301) is an inclined surface that is tilted relative to the first plane, and the first plane is perpendicular to the direction of gravity.

18. The battery device according to claim 17, characterized in that, The angle between the guide surface (301) and the first plane is 15°-30°.

19. The battery device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The height of the guide surface (301) in the direction of gravity is 5mm-20mm.

20. The battery device according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, The condensation structure is a liquid-cooled component (30a), which has a heat exchange channel and a heat exchange inlet (311) and a heat exchange outlet (312) communicating with the heat exchange channel; and / or, The condensation structure is an air-cooled component, which includes multiple airflow drive units arranged at intervals; and / or, The condensation structure is a phase change condenser (30c), which includes a shell and a phase change material. The shell defines a cavity, and the phase change material fills the cavity.

21. The battery device according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, The enclosure (10) includes a main body (11) and a cover (12). The main body (11) defines the top-open receiving cavity (101). The cover (12) covers the top of the main body (11). The condensation structure is located in the receiving cavity (101), or the condensation structure is integrated with the cover (12) or the main body (11).

22. The battery device according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, The absorption structure (40) includes an absorbent material component, which is a composite material of activated carbon, sand, or silica gel; and / or, the specific surface area of ​​the absorbent material component is greater than or equal to 500 m² / g.

23. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, The battery device (100) includes any one of claims 1-22.

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