Box body for accommodating battery cell module and battery pack

Abstract

The utility model provides a box body for accommodating a battery cell module and a battery pack. The box body comprises a box body plate, a smoke exhaust channel and a plurality of smoke inlets. The box body plate comprises an inner surface and an outer surface which are back to back, and the inner surface is used for being matched with the battery cell module. The smoke exhaust channel is arranged between the inner surface and the outer surface. The smoke exhaust channel comprises a first channel and a plurality of second channels. The second channels are arranged side by side, all the second channels intersect and communicate with the first channel, and the first channel further communicates with the outside. The multiple flue gas inlets are formed in the inner surface, and the multiple second channels communicate with at least one of the multiple flue gas inlets independently. When a certain battery cell in the battery cell module is subjected to thermal runaway, smoke can enter the smoke exhaust channel in the box body plate through the smoke inlet, flows into the second channel through the first channel and is finally exhausted to the outside, and thermal runaway of other battery cells can be prevented from being influenced as much as possible by isolating the smoke exhaust channel from the battery cell module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and more specifically, to a housing and battery pack for accommodating battery cell modules. Background Technology

[0002] As the market share of electric vehicles continues to expand, the demand for battery pack safety is also increasing. However, battery pack thermal runaway incidents still occur frequently in the market.

[0003] A battery pack typically consists of a casing and cell modules housed within it. Each cell module is formed by arranging multiple cells, and each cell is equipped with an explosion-proof valve. When a cell experiences thermal runaway, fumes are ejected from the explosion-proof valve and then discharged through an exhaust chamber located between the casing panel and the cell modules. Because the exhaust chamber is not separated from the individual cells, the fumes can easily affect other cells during emission, leading to more cells experiencing thermal runaway and potentially causing a fire in the entire battery pack. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides a housing and battery pack for accommodating a cell module, which can minimize the impact on other cells to cause thermal runaway when one cell in the cell module experiences thermal runaway.

[0005] Specifically, this application is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0006] This application provides a housing for accommodating a battery cell module, comprising:

[0007] Box panels, smoke exhaust duct and multiple smoke inlets;

[0008] The housing panel includes an inner surface and an outer surface facing away from each other; the inner surface is used to mate with the battery cell module.

[0009] The smoke exhaust duct is disposed between the inner surface and the outer surface; the smoke exhaust duct includes a first duct and a plurality of second ducts; the plurality of second ducts are arranged side by side, and each second duct intersects with and is connected to the first duct; the first duct is also connected to the outside.

[0010] The plurality of flue gas inlets are all disposed on the inner surface, and the plurality of second channels are each independently connected to at least one of the plurality of flue gas inlets.

[0011] Optionally, the smoke exhaust duct includes at least two first channels, which are spaced apart along the length of the second channel.

[0012] Optionally, one of the at least two first channels intersects and communicates with the first end of the second channel, and the other intersects and communicates with the second end of the second channel.

[0013] Optionally, the first channel and the second channel are perpendicular to each other.

[0014] Optionally, the inner diameter of the first channel is larger than the inner diameter of the second channel.

[0015] Optionally, the housing further includes a flue gas outlet disposed on the outer surface;

[0016] The number of flue gas outlets is equal to the number of the first channels, and the flue gas outlets are connected to the first channels in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0017] Optionally, the outer surface includes multiple edge portions, and a corner region is formed at the junction of two adjacent edge portions, and the flue gas outlet is located in the corner region.

[0018] Optionally, the flue gas inlets of two adjacent channels in the plurality of second channels are staggered.

[0019] Optionally, the enclosure panel includes a bottom panel or a top panel.

[0020] This application also provides a battery pack, including: a cell module and a housing for accommodating the cell module as described above.

[0021] The technical solution provided in this application can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0022] This application provides a housing and battery pack for housing a cell module. When a cell in the cell module experiences thermal runaway, the flue gas can enter the exhaust channel inside the housing through the flue gas inlet, flow into the second channel through the first channel, and finally be discharged to the outside. By isolating the exhaust channel from the cell module, the thermal runaway of other cells can be avoided as much as possible. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view along the length of the battery cell module after it is disposed in the housing, as shown in an exemplary embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of the structure at point A.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view along the length of the battery cell module disposed on the bottom plate of the housing, as shown in an exemplary embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom plate of the box shown in an exemplary embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 5This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the bottom plate of the box shown in an exemplary embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a one-way valve shown in an exemplary embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of another one-way valve structure shown in an exemplary embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of another one-way valve structure shown in an exemplary embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments (or "implementations") of this application will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements.

[0032] If the embodiments of this application contain terms relating to directional indications or positional relationships (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, inside, outside, top, bottom, center, vertical, horizontal, longitudinal, transverse, length, width, counterclockwise, clockwise, axial, radial, circumferential, etc.), such terms are only used to explain the relative positional relationships and movements between components in a specific posture (as shown in the attached figures); if the specific posture changes, the directional indications or positional relationships will also change accordingly. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" used in the embodiments of this application are only for descriptive convenience and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0033] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 This application provides a battery pack 100, including: a cell module 1 and a housing 2 (hereinafter referred to as housing 2) for accommodating the cell module.

[0034] In one embodiment, the housing 2 includes a housing panel 21, a smoke exhaust duct 22, and a plurality of smoke inlets 23. The housing panel 21 includes an inner surface 211 and an outer surface 212 facing each other, the inner surface 211 being used to mate with the battery cell module 1. The smoke exhaust duct 22 is disposed between the inner surface 211 and the outer surface 212.

[0035] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4The exhaust duct 22 includes a first duct 221 and multiple second ducts 222. The multiple second ducts 222 are arranged side-by-side, each intersecting and communicating with the first duct 221, which in turn communicates with the outside. Multiple flue gas inlets 23 are located on the inner surface 211, and each of the multiple second ducts 222 is independently connected to at least one of the multiple flue gas inlets 23. Therefore, when the battery cell module 1 experiences thermal runaway, the generated flue gas can enter the exhaust duct 22 inside the housing plate 21 through the flue gas inlets 23, flow into the second ducts 222 via the first duct 221, and finally be discharged to the outside. By isolating the exhaust duct 22 from the battery cell module 1, the thermal runaway of other battery cells can be minimized.

[0036] In addition, by using the second channel 222 as the main channel to converge multiple first channels 221, it is convenient to concentrate the flue gas in each first channel 221 to be discharged to the outside, thereby improving the smoke exhaust efficiency.

[0037] Specifically, the number of flue gas inlets 23 can be configured to correspond one-to-one with the number of second channels 222, with each second channel 222 connected to a single flue gas inlet 23. Alternatively, the number of flue gas inlets 23 can exceed the number of second channels 222, with each second channel 222 connected to at least two flue gas inlets 23. The number of flue gas inlets 23 and second channels 222 is not specifically limited here and can be arbitrarily selected based on the number of battery cells in the battery cell module 1 and the exhaust efficiency.

[0038] Please continue reading. Figure 4 In one embodiment, the exhaust duct 22 includes at least two first channels 221, spaced apart along the length of the second channel 222. This allows the flue gas from the second channel 222 to enter two separate first channels 221, improving exhaust efficiency. In one embodiment, one of the at least two first channels 221 intersects and communicates with a first end of the second channel 222, and the other intersects and communicates with a second end of the second channel 222. This reduces the number of additional openings in the second channel 222 besides the ends, resulting in a more regular layout of the exhaust duct and improved production efficiency.

[0039] For example, the smoke exhaust duct 22 includes two first channels 221, located on opposite sides of the smoke inlet 23 along the length of the second channel 222, and connected to the end of the second channel 222. Of course, in other examples, the number of first channels 221 may be three or more.

[0040] In one embodiment, the first channel 221 and the second channel 222 are perpendicular to each other. This reduces the layout space of the first channel 221, making the smoke exhaust duct layout more compact. In another embodiment, the inner diameter of the first channel 221 is larger than the inner diameter of the second channel 222. Therefore, when the first channel 221 serves as the main channel and multiple first channels 221 converge, smoke exhaust efficiency can be further improved.

[0041] Please continue reading. Figure 4 In one embodiment, the housing 2 further includes flue gas outlets 24 disposed on the outer surface 212. The number of flue gas outlets 24 is equal to the number of first channels 221, and the flue gas outlets 24 are connected to the first channels 221 in a one-to-one correspondence. Thus, the flue gas in the first channel can communicate with the outside through the flue gas outlets 24. In one embodiment, the outer surface 212 includes multiple edge portions 2121, and a corner area 2122 is formed at the junction of two adjacent edge portions 2121, and the flue gas outlets 24 are disposed in the corner area 2122. Thus, the remaining corner space after the channel layout can be fully utilized, improving space utilization.

[0042] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 In one embodiment, the flue gas inlets 23 of adjacent two channels in the plurality of second channels 222 are staggered. Therefore, when a battery cell 10 experiences thermal runaway, the generated heat flow can be ejected outward through the explosion-proof valve 11 installed on that battery cell 10 and enter the second channel 222 through the flue gas inlet 23, thus minimizing the impact on other adjacent battery cells 10 and reducing the probability of a safety hazard to the entire battery pack due to thermal runaway of a single battery cell 10.

[0043] like Figure 3 As shown, the enclosure panel 21 includes a bottom panel 213, a smoke exhaust channel 22, and multiple smoke inlets 23 disposed on the bottom panel 213. Since the bottom panel 213 is used to support the weight of the battery cell module 1, its structural strength design is superior to that of other enclosure panels, and its thickness is also greater than that of other enclosure panels. By placing the smoke exhaust channel 22 and multiple smoke inlets 23 on the bottom panel 213, the impact on the overall strength of the enclosure 2 can be reduced. In other examples, the enclosure panel 21 includes a top panel 214, with the smoke exhaust channel 22 and multiple smoke inlets 23 disposed on the top panel 214. In one embodiment, the battery pack 100 further includes a liquid cooling plate 26 disposed on the top panel 214 for heat dissipation.

[0044] Please see Figure 5 In one embodiment, in order to prevent flue gas from flowing back from the exhaust channel 22 to the cell module 1, the battery pack 100 also includes a one-way valve 25 disposed at the flue gas inlet 23.

[0045] The following describes the first structure of the one-way valve 25: Figure 6 As shown, the one-way valve 25 includes a valve body 251, a valve disc 252, and a stop structure 253. The valve disc 252 is movably disposed within the valve body 251 between a first position and a second position. The valve body 251 has a flow channel 2511, which includes an upstream region 2511a and a downstream region 2511b. The stop structure 253 is disposed on at least a portion of the inner wall of the valve body 251 located in the upstream region 2511a.

[0046] The one-way valve 25 has a closed state and an open state. In the closed state, the valve plate 252 moves to a first position and abuts against the side of the stop structure 253 facing the downstream region 2511b to close the flow channel 2511. In the open state, the valve plate 252 moves to... Figure 6 The second position shown separates from the stop structure 253 to open the flow channel 2511. This allows for easy realization of the unidirectional flow function of the check valve, resulting in a simple structure.

[0047] For example, the valve plate 252 is rotatably disposed within the valve body 251, specifically, a small portion of the edge of the valve plate 252 is connected to the inner wall of the valve body 251, while most of the edge is disconnected from the inner wall of the valve body 251. Of course, the arrangement of the valve plate 252 and the valve body 251 is not limited to this.

[0048] It should be noted that the specific shape of the stop structure 253 mentioned above is not specifically limited. For example, it can be any structure such as a cross or a strip, as long as it can prevent the valve plate 252 from moving from the upstream region 2511a to outside the valve body 251.

[0049] The following describes the first structure of the one-way valve 25: Figure 7 As shown, the one-way valve 25 includes a valve body 251, a valve disc 252, and a stop structure 253. The valve disc 252 is movably disposed within the valve body 251. The valve body 251 has a flow channel 2511, which includes an upstream region 2511a and a downstream region 2511b. The stop structure 253 is disposed on at least a portion of the inner wall of the valve body 251 located in the upstream region 2511a.

[0050] The one-way valve 25 has a closed state and an open state. In the closed state, the valve plate 252 is located inside the valve body 251 and abuts against the side of the stop structure 253 facing the downstream region 2511b to close the flow channel 2511. In the open state, the valve plate 252 moves through the downstream region 2511b to the outside of the valve body 251 to open the flow channel 2511. Thus, the one-way flow function of the one-way valve can be easily realized, and the structure is simple.

[0051] For example, the edge of the valve plate 252 abuts against the inner wall of the valve body 251, and after the valve plate 252 is impacted, it can move towards the downstream region 2511b to the outside of the valve body 251. Conversely, due to the presence of the stop structure 253, the valve plate 252 cannot move towards the upstream region 2511a to the outside of the valve body 251.

[0052] It should be noted that the specific shape of the stop structure 253 mentioned above is not specifically limited. For example, it can be any structure such as strip or block, as long as it can prevent the valve plate 252 from moving from the upstream region 2511a to outside the valve body 251.

[0053] The following describes the first structure of the one-way valve 25: Figure 8 As shown, the one-way valve 25 includes a valve body 251 and a valve disc 252. The valve disc 252 includes a valve disc body 2521 and a weak connection structure 2522 disposed on the valve disc body 2521. A flow channel 2511 is provided inside the valve body 251, and the edge of the valve disc body 2521 is connected to the inner wall of the valve body 251 surrounding the flow channel 2511.

[0054] The check valve 25 has a closed state and an open state. In the closed state, the valve plate 252 closes the flow channel 2511. In the open state, the weak connection structure 2522 is damaged by force to open the flow channel 2511. Thus, the unidirectional flow function of the check valve can be easily realized, and the structure is simple.

[0055] It should be noted that the valve plate 252 can be made of a low-strength metal film or a plastic made of polymer materials, etc. The aforementioned weak connection structure 2522 can be a groove set on the valve plate body 2521, and the specific shape is not specifically limited.

[0056] It should be noted that the technical solutions or features described in the above embodiments can be combined or supplemented with each other without conflict. The scope of protection of this application is not limited to the precise structures described in the above embodiments and shown in the accompanying drawings; all modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A housing for accommodating a battery cell module, characterized in that, include: Box panels, smoke exhaust duct and multiple smoke inlets; The enclosure panel includes an inner surface and an outer surface facing away from each other; The inner surface is used to mate with the battery cell module; The smoke exhaust duct is disposed between the inner surface and the outer surface; the smoke exhaust duct includes a first duct and a plurality of second ducts; the plurality of second ducts are arranged side by side, and each second duct intersects with and is connected to the first duct; the first duct is also connected to the outside. The plurality of flue gas inlets are all disposed on the inner surface, and the plurality of second channels are each independently connected to at least one of the plurality of flue gas inlets.

2. The housing for accommodating battery cell modules according to claim 1, characterized in that, The smoke exhaust duct includes at least two first channels, which are spaced apart along the length of the second channel.

3. The housing for accommodating battery cell modules according to claim 2, characterized in that, One of the at least two first channels intersects and connects with the first end of the second channel, and the other intersects and connects with the second end of the second channel.

4. The housing for accommodating a battery cell module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The first channel and the second channel are perpendicular to each other.

5. The housing for accommodating a battery cell module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the first channel is larger than the inner diameter of the second channel.

6. The housing for accommodating a battery cell module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The enclosure also includes a flue gas outlet disposed on the outer surface; The number of flue gas outlets is equal to the number of the first channels, and the flue gas outlets are connected to the first channels in a one-to-one correspondence.

7. The housing for accommodating a battery cell module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The outer surface includes multiple edge portions, and a corner area is formed at the junction of two adjacent edge portions, and the flue gas outlet is located in the corner area.

8. The housing for accommodating a battery cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flue gas inlets of two adjacent channels in the plurality of second channels are staggered.

9. The housing for accommodating a battery cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The enclosure panel includes the bottom panel or the top panel.

10. A battery pack, characterized in that, include: The battery cell module and the housing for accommodating the battery cell module as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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