Photovoltaic cell with multilayer anti-ultraviolet protection structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of photovoltaic cell pieces, in particular to a photovoltaic cell piece with a multilayer anti-ultraviolet protection structure, which comprises a cell piece main body, a multilayer anti-ultraviolet protection film is arranged on the upper surface of the cell piece main body, and an anti-reflection layer is arranged on the lower surface of the cell piece main body. A sealing frame is arranged around the battery piece body, and a blocking layer is arranged on the inner side of the sealing frame. The multi-layer anti-ultraviolet protection film comprises a base material layer, an ultraviolet absorption layer and an ultraviolet reflection layer, the anti-reflection layer is a nanoscale titanium dioxide coating, and the blocking layer on the inner side of the sealing frame is made of a high-molecular polymer material. The solar cell can effectively absorb and reflect ultraviolet rays, prevent the ultraviolet rays from directly irradiating the surface of the cell, delay the aging of the surface material of the cell, prolong the service life of the cell, improve the power generation efficiency, prevent the damage of dust, water vapor and the like to the cell, and improve the weather resistance and reliability of the cell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of photovoltaic technology, specifically a photovoltaic cell with a multi-layered UV protection structure. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of photovoltaic cell technology, various photovoltaic cells have made significant progress in improving photoelectric conversion efficiency, structural strength, and service life. However, in practical applications, existing photovoltaic cells still have some problems, especially in terms of insufficient UV protection. Due to long-term exposure to strong ultraviolet radiation, the surface materials of photovoltaic cells are prone to aging and performance degradation, thus affecting their power generation efficiency and service life.

[0003] A search revealed a photovoltaic cell storage device with publication number CN118405388B, published on September 20, 2024. This design uses a lower and upper protective plate to seal and protect the cells, effectively preventing dust, sand, and other fine particles from damaging them. However, this design focuses only on physical protection and fails to provide specific protection against ultraviolet radiation. In actual use, prolonged exposure to ultraviolet light can still cause aging and cracking of the cell surface material, affecting its photoelectric conversion efficiency and overall performance. Furthermore, this device is primarily suitable for storage and transportation, and cannot provide continuous UV protection in the actual working environment of the cells.

[0004] A search revealed a photovoltaic module for a photovoltaic cell frame, publication number CN111884579B, published on August 6, 2021. This design achieves dust and water protection for the cells through a sealing strip on the inner side of the frame and secures the leads with a clip-on structure. While this design improves the cell's protective performance to some extent, its ability to resist ultraviolet (UV) radiation is not specifically optimized. Specifically, the design does not involve UV-resistant treatment of the cell surface material, nor does it employ a multi-layered protective structure to resist UV erosion. Therefore, aging of the cell surface material is still unavoidable during long-term outdoor use, thus affecting its long-term stability and reliability.

[0005] The aforementioned problems indicate that current photovoltaic cells and related components on the market have significant shortcomings in terms of UV protection, making it difficult to meet the high requirements for weather resistance and stability during long-term outdoor use. Therefore, this invention provides a photovoltaic cell with a multi-layered UV protection structure to overcome the deficiencies of existing technologies and offer a more efficient, durable, and environmentally adaptable solution. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a photovoltaic cell with a multi-layered UV protection structure, which solves the problem that existing photovoltaic cells in the background art are insufficient in terms of UV protection. Due to long-term exposure to strong ultraviolet rays, the surface material of the cell is prone to aging and performance degradation, which affects its power generation efficiency and service life.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a photovoltaic cell with a multi-layered UV-resistant protection structure, comprising a cell body, a multi-layered UV-resistant protective film disposed on the upper surface of the cell body, an anti-reflective layer disposed on the lower surface of the cell body, a sealing frame disposed around the cell body, and a barrier layer disposed inside the sealing frame. The multi-layered UV-resistant protective film comprises a substrate layer and a UV-absorbing layer and a UV-reflecting layer coated thereon, the UV-absorbing layer and the UV-reflecting layer being disposed sequentially, the anti-reflective layer being a nano-scale titanium dioxide coating, and the barrier layer inside the sealing frame being a polymer material.

[0008] Preferably, the multilayer UV-resistant protective film also includes a waterproof layer disposed above the UV-reflective layer, the waterproof layer being a nano-scale silica coating.

[0009] Preferably, the substrate layer is a transparent polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film with a thickness of 20-50 μm.

[0010] Preferably, the ultraviolet absorbing layer is an organic polymer coating containing an ultraviolet absorber, which is a benzophenone or salicylic acid ester substance, and has a thickness of 5-15 μm.

[0011] Preferably, the ultraviolet reflective layer is made of aluminum oxide or titanium oxide and has a thickness of 10-20 μm.

[0012] Preferably, the antireflective layer is a nano-scale titanium dioxide coating with a thickness of 10-20 nm.

[0013] Preferably, the sealing frame is made of aluminum alloy, and a sealing strip is provided on the inner side, which is made of silicone rubber.

[0014] Preferably, the barrier layer is made of a high molecular polymer material with a thickness of 20-50μm, which can effectively prevent ultraviolet rays from passing through the sealed frame and entering the interior of the battery cell.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0016] 1. The present invention provides a photovoltaic cell with a multi-layered UV protection structure. By setting up a multi-layered UV protection film, it effectively absorbs and reflects ultraviolet rays, preventing ultraviolet rays from directly irradiating the surface of the cell, thereby delaying the aging of the surface material of the cell, improving its service life and power generation efficiency, and solving the problem of insufficient UV protection performance of existing photovoltaic cells.

[0017] 2. The photovoltaic cell with a multi-layered anti-ultraviolet protection structure provided by this utility model, through the setting of an anti-reflection layer and a barrier layer inside the sealed frame, can not only prevent the reflection and penetration of ultraviolet rays, but also effectively prevent dust, water vapor and other damage to the cell, further improving the weather resistance and reliability of the cell. This solves the problem that although the existing technology has improved the protection performance of the cell to a certain extent, it has failed to provide specific protection measures against ultraviolet radiation. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall side view structure of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multilayer UV-resistant protective film of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sealing frame and barrier layer of this utility model;

[0022] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0023] 1. Battery cell body; 2. Multi-layer anti-ultraviolet protective film; 21. Substrate layer; 22. Ultraviolet absorption layer; 23. Ultraviolet reflection layer; 24. Waterproof layer; 3. Anti-reflective layer; 4. Sealing frame; 41. Sealing strip; 5. Barrier layer. Detailed Implementation

[0024] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this utility model provides a photovoltaic cell with a multi-layered UV-resistant protection structure. The photovoltaic cell includes a cell body 1, a multi-layered UV-resistant protective film 2, an anti-reflective layer 3, a sealing frame 4, and a barrier layer 5. The cell body 1, typically made of monocrystalline or polycrystalline silicon, is the core component of the photovoltaic cell, responsible for converting sunlight into electrical energy. The multi-layered UV-resistant protective film 2 is disposed on the upper surface of the cell body 1 to absorb and reflect ultraviolet rays, preventing damage to the cell surface material. The anti-reflective layer 3 is disposed on the lower surface of the cell body 1 to reduce light reflection and improve light utilization. The sealing frame 4 is disposed around the cell body 1 to fix and protect the cell. A barrier layer 5 is disposed inside the sealing frame 4 to further prevent damage to the cell from ultraviolet rays and the external environment.

[0025] The specific structure of the multilayer UV-resistant protective film 2 is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the solar cell includes a substrate layer 21, an ultraviolet (UV) absorbing layer 22, a UV reflective layer 23, and a waterproof layer 24. The substrate layer 21 is a transparent polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film, preferably 20-50 μm thick, providing good mechanical strength and transparency to ensure solar energy transmission. The UV absorbing layer 22 is coated on the upper surface of the substrate layer 21, preferably 5-15 μm thick. The UV absorbing layer 22 is an organic polymer coating containing a UV absorber, such as benzophenone or salicylic acid esters. These substances effectively absorb UV rays and convert them into harmless heat energy, thereby reducing UV damage to the surface materials of the solar cell. The UV reflective layer 23 is coated on the upper surface of the UV absorbing layer 22, preferably 10-20 μm thick, and can be made of alumina or titanium dioxide. These materials have high reflectivity, reflecting most UV rays and reducing direct UV exposure to the solar cell. A waterproof layer 24 is disposed on the upper surface of the ultraviolet reflective layer 23, and its thickness is preferably 5-15 μm, and a nano-scale silica coating can be used. The waterproof layer 24 effectively prevents moisture from penetrating into the multi-layered anti-ultraviolet protective film 2, further enhancing its protective performance and ensuring that the battery cells can function normally in humid environments. The anti-reflective layer 3 is a nano-scale titanium dioxide coating, and its thickness is preferably 10-20 nm. Figure 1 As shown.

[0026] The nano-scale titanium dioxide coating has a high refractive index and low reflectivity, which can effectively reduce light reflection on the lower surface of the solar cell, improve light transmittance and utilization, and thus enhance the power generation efficiency of the solar cell. The anti-reflection layer 3 can be prepared by sol-gel method or magnetron sputtering method, as follows: First, the nano-scale titanium dioxide sol is uniformly coated on the lower surface of the solar cell body 1, and then cured at a specific temperature to ensure the uniformity and stability of the coating.

[0027] Sealed frame 4 Figure 4 As shown, the preferred material is aluminum alloy, with a sealing strip 41 made of silicone rubber on its inner side. The aluminum alloy sealing frame 4 has good mechanical strength and weather resistance, protecting the battery cell body 1 from external environmental influences. The silicone rubber sealing strip 41 has excellent sealing performance and aging resistance, effectively preventing moisture, dust, etc., from entering the battery cell. In practical applications, the connection between the sealing frame 4 and the battery cell body 1 can be achieved using adhesives or mechanical fastening to ensure sealing and stability. A barrier layer 5 is disposed on the inner side of the sealing frame 4, preferably made of a high-molecular polymer with a thickness of 20-50 μm. The main function of the barrier layer 5 is to prevent ultraviolet rays from entering the battery cell through the gaps in the sealing frame 4, further protecting the battery cell from UV damage. The barrier layer 5 can be prepared by spraying or coating, specifically as follows: First, the high-molecular polymer material is uniformly coated on the inner side of the sealing frame 4, and then cured at a certain temperature to ensure the adhesion and thickness of the barrier layer 5.

[0028] In practical applications, the photovoltaic cell with the multi-layer UV-resistant protection structure of this invention has the following operating principle and process:

[0029] 1. Ultraviolet Absorption and Reflection: When sunlight shines on the multilayer UV-resistant protective film 2 of the photovoltaic cell, ultraviolet rays first pass through the transparent substrate layer 21 and enter the ultraviolet absorption layer 22. Benzophenone or salicylic acid ester substances in the ultraviolet absorption layer 22 absorb the ultraviolet rays and convert them into heat energy, thereby reducing the damage of ultraviolet rays to the surface materials of the cell. Subsequently, the unabsorbed ultraviolet rays enter the ultraviolet reflection layer 23. The high reflectivity of the alumina or titanium dioxide material reflects most of the ultraviolet rays away, further reducing the direct exposure of the cell to ultraviolet rays. Finally, the waterproof layer 24 prevents moisture from penetrating into the interior of the multilayer UV-resistant protective film 2, ensuring its protective performance.

[0030] 2. Anti-reflection and improved light utilization: After sunlight passes through the multi-layered anti-UV protective film 2, it shines on the upper surface of the solar cell body 1. Some of the light is converted into electrical energy inside the solar cell body 1, while the rest enters the anti-reflection layer 3 through the lower surface of the solar cell body 1. The nano-scale titanium dioxide coating in the anti-reflection layer 3 has a low reflectivity and a high refractive index, which can effectively reduce light reflection and increase light transmittance, thereby allowing more light to be absorbed and converted by the solar cell body 1, improving the power generation efficiency of the solar cell.

[0031] 3. Sealing and Protection: The sealing frame 4 secures the battery cell body 1 around its perimeter, ensuring that the battery cell is not affected by the external environment during installation and use. The sealing strip 41 acts as a buffer and seal on the inner side of the sealing frame 4, preventing moisture, dust, etc., from entering the battery cell through the gaps in the sealing frame 4. The barrier layer 5 is located on the inner side of the sealing frame 4, further preventing ultraviolet rays from entering the battery cell through the gaps in the sealing frame 4, protecting the battery cell from UV damage and extending its service life.

[0032] The specific implementation method is as follows:

[0033] First, a monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic cell is prepared as the cell body 1. Then, a 30μm thick transparent PET film is selected as the substrate layer 21 and cut into a shape with the same dimensions as the upper surface of the cell body 1. Next, an organic polymer coating containing a benzophenone-based ultraviolet absorber is uniformly coated on the upper surface of the substrate layer 21, with the coating thickness controlled at 10μm, forming an ultraviolet absorption layer 22. After the ultraviolet absorption layer 22 is coated, an alumina coating with a thickness of 15μm is coated on its upper surface, forming an ultraviolet reflection layer 23. Finally, a nano-scale silica coating with a thickness of 10μm is coated on the upper surface of the ultraviolet reflection layer 23, forming a waterproof layer 24. The preparation of the multilayer anti-ultraviolet protective film 2 can be carried out by coating or spraying to ensure the uniformity and adhesion of each layer. Next, the anti-reflective layer 3 is prepared. Nano-scale titanium dioxide sol is uniformly coated on the lower surface of the cell body 1, with the coating thickness controlled at 15nm. After coating, the solar cell body 1 is placed in a curing oven and cured at 150°C for 1 hour to ensure the stability and uniformity of the anti-reflective layer 3. Then, the sealing frame 4 and barrier layer 5 are prepared. Aluminum alloy is selected as the main material for the sealing frame 4, and the aluminum alloy is processed into a frame shape suitable for the dimensions of the solar cell body 1. A silicone rubber sealing strip 41 is placed on the inner side of the sealing frame 4, and the sealing strip 41 is fixed to the inner side of the sealing frame 4 with adhesive to ensure its sealing performance. Next, a polymer material is uniformly coated on the inner side of the sealing frame 4, with the coating thickness controlled at 30μm, forming the barrier layer 5. The barrier layer 5 can be prepared by spraying or coating to ensure the uniformity and adhesion of the coating. Finally, the multi-layer anti-UV protective film 2 and the anti-reflective layer 3 are respectively installed on the upper and lower surfaces of the solar cell body 1, and the sealing frame 4 is fixed around the solar cell body 1 to form a complete photovoltaic cell with a multi-layer anti-UV protection structure. In practical applications, this photovoltaic cell can be installed outdoors, such as on rooftops and in solar power plants. During installation, the sealing frame 4 can be tightly connected to the cell body 1 using adhesives or mechanical fixation to ensure its sealing and stability. After installation, the photovoltaic cell can effectively absorb and reflect ultraviolet rays when exposed to strong ultraviolet radiation for extended periods, preventing damage to the cell surface materials, delaying cell aging, and improving its lifespan and power generation efficiency. Furthermore, the anti-reflective layer 3 and the barrier layer 5 further prevent the effects of dust and moisture on the cell, enhancing its weather resistance and reliability. This new multi-layered ultraviolet-resistant photovoltaic cell effectively addresses the shortcomings of existing photovoltaic cells in terms of ultraviolet protection through the use of multiple protective films, extending the cell's lifespan and improving power generation efficiency.Meanwhile, the anti-reflective layer 3 and the barrier layer 5 inside the sealed frame 4 further enhance the weather resistance and reliability of the solar cell, enabling it to operate stably in various complex environments. In practical applications, this photovoltaic cell can be widely used in solar power generation systems, providing users with efficient and reliable clean energy.

[0034] In summary, the photovoltaic cell with a multi-layered UV protection structure provided by this utility model forms a multi-layered protective structure through the arrangement of a substrate layer 21, a UV absorption layer 22, a UV reflection layer 23, and a waterproof layer 24. This effectively absorbs and reflects UV rays, preventing aging and performance degradation of the cell surface materials. Simultaneously, the inclusion of an anti-reflective layer 3 and a barrier layer 5 inside the sealing frame 4 further enhances the cell's weather resistance and reliability, ensuring stable operation in various environments. This design has broad application prospects and significant economic value.

[0035] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic cell with a multilayer ultraviolet protection structure, comprising a cell body (1), characterized in that: The upper surface of the battery piece body (1) is provided with a multilayer ultraviolet protection film (2), the lower surface of the battery piece body (1) is provided with an anti-reflection layer (3), the periphery of the battery piece body (1) is provided with a sealing frame (4), and the inner side of the sealing frame (4) is provided with a barrier layer (5).

2. The photovoltaic cell with multi-layered ultraviolet protection according to claim 1, wherein: The multilayer ultraviolet protection film (2) comprises a substrate layer (21), an ultraviolet absorbing layer (22) coated on the substrate layer (21), and an ultraviolet reflecting layer (23) coated on the ultraviolet absorbing layer (22).

3. The photovoltaic cell with multi-layered ultraviolet protection according to claim 2, wherein: The multilayer ultraviolet protection film (2) further comprises a waterproof layer (24) arranged above the ultraviolet reflecting layer (23), and the waterproof layer (24) is a nanoscale silicon dioxide coating.

4. The photovoltaic cell with multi-layered ultraviolet protection structure according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The substrate layer (21) is a transparent polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film with a thickness of 20-50μm.

5. The photovoltaic cell with multi-layered ultraviolet protection structure according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The ultraviolet absorbing layer (22) is an organic polymer coating containing an ultraviolet absorber, the ultraviolet absorber is a benzophenone or salicylate substance, and the thickness is 5-15μm.

6. The photovoltaic cell with multi-layered ultraviolet protection according to claim 2 or 3, wherein: The ultraviolet reflecting layer (23) is an aluminum oxide or titanium oxide material with a thickness of 10-20μm.

7. The photovoltaic cell with multi-layered ultraviolet protection according to claim 1, wherein: The anti-reflection layer (3) is a nanoscale titanium dioxide coating with a thickness of 10-20nm.

8. The photovoltaic cell with multi-layered ultraviolet protection according to claim 1, wherein: The sealing frame (4) is an aluminum alloy material, and the inner side is provided with a sealing strip (41) made of silicone rubber material.

9. The photovoltaic cell with multi-layered ultraviolet protection according to claim 1, wherein: The barrier layer (5) is a high molecular polymer material with a thickness of 20-50μm.

10. The photovoltaic cell with multi-layered ultraviolet protection according to claim 1, wherein: The total thickness of the multilayer ultraviolet protection film (2) is 40-80μm.

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