Compression molding device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of material forming, and discloses a compression forming device which comprises a rack, a stamping mechanism and a vibrating mechanism. The stamping mechanism is connected to the rack and comprises an upper punch, a stamping die and a lower punch which are coaxially arranged. The vibrating mechanism comprises a plurality of vibrators, and the upper punch, the stamping die and the lower punch are each provided with the multiple vibrators. According to the utility model, the upper punch, the stamping die and the lower punch are all provided with a plurality of vibrators, so that powder materials can be vibrated from a plurality of angles and directions in a plurality of processes. The problems of non-uniform blank density, insufficient density, low bonding strength of a backing material and a friction material and the like in a traditional pressing process are solved. Through the synergistic effect of the vibrators, the powder material can be distributed more uniformly, and different powder particles can be better embedded with one another, so that the quality of a blank and the performance of a finished brake pad are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to material forming technical field, concretely relates to a compression molding device. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of high-speed rail technology, the performance and quality of powder metallurgy brake pad as a key component of high-speed rail braking system are crucial to the safe operation of the train.

[0003] The powder metallurgy brake pad for high-speed rail currently mainly consists of large steel back, friction block and connecting parts, wherein the friction block is formed by pressing the powder metallurgy material through the press. In the existing friction body pressing process, the friction material mixture is first placed in the forming mold, then a layer of base material is laid, a certain pressure is applied through the upper punch, and the pressure is maintained for a certain time. The lower punch plays the role of bottom bearing, and then the lower punch is ejected to make the friction body blank formed by the combination of the base material and the friction material with a certain shape.

[0004] This traditional pressing process has many defects. The density of each part of the blank after pressing is not uniform, and the density of the mixed material filling position and the filling position is different after pressing, which affects the strength of the friction body. The mixed material is mixed by various metal and non-metal material powders, and due to the different particle size and shape of the powder, there will be different size pores between them, which cannot be completely densified and pressed together. The above problems lead to the fluctuation of density, strength and uniformity between different friction block blanks, which affects the performance of the finished brake pad. INVENTION CONTENTS

[0005] Therefore, the utility model provides a compression molding device to solve the problem that the performance of the finished product is unstable due to internal defects of the friction body pressed and formed.

[0006] The utility model provides a compression molding device, which comprises a rack, a stamping mechanism connected to the rack, the stamping mechanism comprising an upper punch, a stamping die and a lower punch arranged coaxially, and a vibration mechanism comprising a plurality of vibrators, the upper punch, the stamping die and the lower punch each being provided with a plurality of vibrators.

[0007] Through the above arrangement, when the powder material is poured into the stamping die and placed on the lower punch, the lower punch and the stamping die first vibrate the powder material. The upper punch moves downward, and when it contacts the powder material to start the die closing, the upper punch starts to vibrate. This vibration mode makes the powder material continuously vibrate during the die closing process, further promoting the uniform distribution and mutual embedding of the powder. The vibration continues until the material approaches the thickness of the blank, and then the upper punch performs pressurized pressing. Compared with the traditional pressing process, this arrangement effectively avoids the density difference of each part of the blank caused by uneven distribution of the powder, improves the density of the blank, solves the problem of poor combination of the base material and the friction material, and finally improves the quality and performance stability of the finished brake pad.

[0008] Optionally, the vibrator is an electromagnetic vibrator.

[0009] Through the above arrangement, the electromagnetic vibrator as the vibration source can accurately control the vibration frequency and amplitude, which can be adjusted according to the characteristics of the powder material to ensure that the vibration accurately acts on the material, realizes uniform distribution, tight embedding and sufficient fusion. Its response speed is fast, and it can operate timely and accurately during the die closing and stopping vibration process, ensuring the accuracy and effectiveness of the process, improving the quality and performance stability of the blank, and ensuring that the finished brake pad meets the requirements.

[0010] Optionally, two symmetrical vibrators are installed on both sides of the top of the upper punch, and the vibration direction of the vibrators is the vertical direction.

[0011] Through the above arrangement, the two symmetrical vibrators installed on both sides of the top of the upper punch and having the vertical vibration direction can exert a vertical vibration force on the powder material from top to bottom during the pressing process. The symmetrical distribution ensures the uniformity of the vibration, avoiding the possible deviation of the powder material caused by unilateral vibration. The vertical vibration helps the powder to fill and compact in the mold along the vertical direction, improves the density and uniformity of the blank, and thus improves the quality and performance of the finished brake pad.

[0012] Optionally, two symmetrical vibrators are installed at the middle position of the side of the stamping die, and the vibration direction of the vibrators is the horizontal direction.

[0013] Through the above arrangement, the two symmetrical vibrators installed at the middle position of the side of the stamping die and having the horizontal vibration direction can exert a horizontal vibration force on the powder material during the pressing process. This horizontal vibration can make the powder material more uniformly distributed in the mold along the horizontal direction, avoiding the local accumulation or uneven porosity.

[0014] Optionally, two symmetrical vibrators are installed on both sides of the bottom of the lower punch, and the vibration direction of the vibrators is the horizontal direction.

[0015] Through the above arrangement, the two symmetrical and horizontally vibrating vibrators installed on both sides of the bottom of the lower punch can exert horizontal vibration force on the powder material from bottom to top during the pressing process. This helps to better mix the base material and the friction material in the horizontal direction, avoids the problem of low bonding strength in the traditional process that the two materials only cover each other up and down, and further improves the quality of the blank and the performance of the finished brake pad.

[0016] Optionally, a unified vibration controller is connected to the vibrators.

[0017] Through the above arrangement, the vibration controller can centrally manage and regulate each vibrator to ensure that all vibrators work cooperatively according to the preset parameters. The vibration effects of the upper punch, the stamping die and the lower punch are optimally matched to ensure the consistency and stability of vibration during the entire pressing process, further improve the quality and density uniformity of the blank, and ensure the stable and reliable performance of the finished brake pad.

[0018] Optionally, the vibration frequency of the vibration mechanism is 30-80 Hz.

[0019] Through the above arrangement, the powder material can obtain appropriate vibration energy during the pressing process within this frequency range. If the frequency is too low, it may not effectively break the agglomeration between the powders, so that the powders cannot be fully and uniformly mixed and filled into the pores; if the frequency is too high, it may cause excessive vibration of the powders, which may damage the original particle size distribution and arrangement structure of the powders, affecting the forming quality of the blank.

[0020] Optionally, a press base is further included, which is fixedly installed on the frame, and the lower punch is installed on the press base.

[0021] Through the above arrangement, the press base is fixedly installed on the frame to provide a stable support foundation for the entire device. The lower punch is installed on the press base to ensure the positional stability of the lower punch during the pressing process. This effectively avoids problems such as reduced pressing accuracy, irregular blank shape and uneven density caused by device shaking or lower punch displacement, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the pressing process.

[0022] Optionally, the vibration mechanism is connected to the stamping mechanism through bolts.

[0023] Through the above arrangement, the bolt connection structure is simple and reliable, which can ensure the stability of the connection between the vibration mechanism and the stamping mechanism. The stable connection can ensure that the vibration mechanism can effectively transmit vibration to the stamping mechanism, so that the vibration effects of the upper punch, the stamping die and the lower punch can be fully exerted, and the entire pressing process can be ensured to proceed smoothly.

[0024] Optionally, the connection between the stamping mechanism and the rack is provided with an elastic damping element.

[0025] Through the above arrangement, the elastic damping element can effectively absorb and buffer the vibration transmitted to the rack during the pressing process. Thus, it ensures that the pressing process can proceed normally, and improves the production quality and efficiency of the finished brake pad. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the following specific embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor.

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic view of one specific embodiment of the pressing forming device provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0028] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] 1, rack; 2, upper punch; 3, stamping die; 4, lower punch; 5, vibrator; 6, press base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely in the following with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0031] The embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to Figure 1 .

[0032] As shown in Figure 1 , one specific embodiment of the pressing forming device provided in the embodiments of the present application includes: a rack 1, a stamping mechanism and a vibration mechanism.

[0033] Specifically, the stamping mechanism is connected to the rack 1, and the stamping mechanism includes a coaxially arranged upper punch 2, a stamping die 3 and a lower punch 4. The vibration mechanism includes a plurality of vibrators 5, and the upper punch 2, the stamping die 3 and the lower punch 4 are provided with a plurality of vibrators 5.

[0034] In the embodiment, the stable connection of the stamping mechanism and the frame 1 provides a stable foundation support for the entire pressing process. The coaxially arranged upper punch 2, stamping die 3 and lower punch 4 play different key roles in pressing. Multiple vibrators 5 are arranged on the upper punch 2, stamping die 3 and lower punch 4, which can vibrate the powder material from multiple angles and directions in multiple processes. The problems of uneven density of the blank, insufficient density, and low bonding strength of the base material and the friction material in the traditional pressing process are solved. Through the synergistic effect of several vibrators 5, the powder material can be more uniformly distributed, and different powder particles can be better embedded with each other, thereby improving the quality of the blank and the performance of the finished brake pad.

[0035] As shown in Figure 1 , the pressing forming device provided in the embodiment, the vibrator 5 is an electromagnetic vibrator.

[0036] Specifically, the electromagnetic vibrator is applied to the pressing forming device in the embodiment as a vibration source. The electromagnetic vibrator can flexibly set parameters according to actual needs and has fast response speed to adapt to different powder material combinations and pressing stages. For example, lower frequency and smaller amplitude vibration may be needed in the powder filling stage to avoid excessive dispersion of the powder; and in the later stage of pressing, the frequency and amplitude may be appropriately increased to ensure that the powder material can be tightly compacted.

[0037] As shown in Figure 1 , the pressing forming device provided in the embodiment, the two vibrators 5 symmetrically distributed on the top of the upper punch 2, the vibration direction of the vibrator 5 is the vertical direction.

[0038] Specifically, the two vibrators 5 symmetrically distributed on the top of the upper punch 2, and the vibration direction is the vertical direction. In the initial stage of pressing, the upper punch 2 moves downward, and the two vibrators 5 are started at the same time, so that the powder material is uniformly distributed in the mold along the vertical direction, avoiding local accumulation or excessive porosity. With the continuous pressing of the upper punch 2, the vertical vibration continues to act, so that the powder particles are more closely arranged, further improving the density and density uniformity of the blank.

[0039] As shown in Figure 1 , the pressing forming device provided in the embodiment, the two vibrators 5 symmetrically distributed on the side surface of the stamping die 3, the vibration direction of the vibrator 5 is the horizontal direction.

[0040] Specifically, the two vibrators 5 installed in the middle of the side of the stamping die 3 are symmetrically distributed, and their vibration direction is horizontal. The horizontal vibration can make the powder material more evenly distributed in the die along the horizontal direction, avoid the problem of uneven density caused by powder accumulation, and make the different powder particles better embedded with each other, effectively fill the pores, further improve the density of the blank, and thus improve the quality and performance of the finished brake pad.

[0041] As shown in Figure 1 , the pressing forming device provided in the embodiment is provided with two symmetrically distributed vibrators 5 installed on the bottom of the lower punch 4, and the vibration direction of the vibrators 5 is horizontal.

[0042] Specifically, the stamping die 3 is sleeved outside the lower punch 4. During the pressing process, the horizontal vibrator 5 installed in the middle of the side of the stamping die 3 will produce horizontal vibration when it works. In order to avoid the misalignment between the stamping die 3 and the lower punch 4 caused by such horizontal vibration, thereby affecting the pressing effect and the quality of the blank, two symmetrically distributed vibrators 5 with horizontal vibration direction are also installed on the bottom of the lower punch 4. The two vibrators 5 can offset the influence of the horizontal vibration of the stamping die 3 to a certain extent, keep the relative position between the lower punch 4 and the stamping die 3 stable, and through the horizontal vibration of the vibrators 5, the powder material around the lower punch 4 and the material in the contact part with the stamping die 3 can also be kept evenly distributed and stable.

[0043] As shown in Figure 1 , the pressing forming device provided in the embodiment is provided with a unified vibration controller connected with the vibrators 5.

[0044] Specifically, the connection of the vibrators 5 with the unified vibration controller can realize the centralized management and accurate control of the whole vibration system. Through the vibration controller, the vibration parameters of each vibrator 5, such as vibration frequency, amplitude and vibration time, can be flexibly adjusted according to different pressing requirements and powder material characteristics. The unified vibration controller can also ensure the synchronization of the work of each vibrator 5, avoid the problem of poor pressing effect caused by different vibration steps, and further improve the quality of the blank and the performance stability of the finished brake pad.

[0045] As shown in Figure 1 , the pressing forming device provided in the embodiment is provided with a vibration mechanism with a vibration frequency of 30-80Hz.

[0046] Specifically, setting the vibration frequency of the vibration mechanism in the range of 30-80Hz can promote the uniform distribution and close embedding of the powder without damaging the characteristics of the powder, improve the density and quality of the blank, and thus improve the performance of the finished brake pad.

[0047] As Figure 1 The pressing forming device provided by the embodiment further comprises a press base 6, which is fixedly installed on the frame 1, and the lower punch 4 is installed on the press base 6.

[0048] Specifically, the press base 6 is fixedly installed on the frame 1, providing a stable foundation support for the entire pressing forming device. This stable connection ensures that the press base 6 does not shake or displace during the pressing process, thereby ensuring the positional stability of the lower punch 4. The lower punch 4 is installed on the press base 6, so that the lower punch 4 can remain in the correct position when subjected to pressure from the upper punch 2 and the stamping die 3, ensuring the accuracy of the pressing process. The presence of the press base 6 can also disperse the pressure generated during the pressing process, avoiding damage to the frame 1 caused by concentrated pressure.

[0049] As Figure 1 The pressing forming device provided by the embodiment, the vibration mechanism is connected with the stamping mechanism through bolts.

[0050] Specifically, the vibration mechanism is connected with the stamping mechanism through bolts. Bolt connection has high connection strength and reliability, which can ensure that the vibration mechanism is firmly fixed on the stamping mechanism during work and will not loosen or fall off due to vibration. When it is necessary to maintain, overhaul or replace the vibration mechanism or the stamping mechanism, the bolts can be easily removed to separate the two for corresponding operation. This convenience helps to improve the maintainability and service life of the equipment.

[0051] In addition, in other embodiments, the connection mode of the vibration mechanism and the stamping mechanism can be designed by a suitable bayonet structure, so that the vibration mechanism and the stamping mechanism can be fixed by bayonet. This connection mode is relatively convenient to install and disassemble, and does not require additional tools, improving installation efficiency.

[0052] As Figure 1 The pressing forming device provided by the embodiment, the stamping mechanism is provided with an elastic damping element at the connection with the frame 1.

[0053] Specifically, the elastic damping element at the connection between the stamping mechanism and the frame 1 can effectively absorb and buffer the vibration and impact force generated during the operation of the stamping mechanism, avoiding direct transmission to the frame 1, preventing the frame 1 from vibrating, deforming or damaging, and improving the stability and service life of the equipment. Reduce equipment operation noise, improve overall performance and reliability. It can also adjust the position accuracy of the stamping mechanism to a certain extent, adapt to small displacements, and ensure the quality of the pressed products.

[0054] Working principle:

[0055] The pressing and forming apparatus of this embodiment consists of a frame 1, a stamping mechanism, and a vibration mechanism. The stamping mechanism includes an upper punch 2, a stamping die 3, and a lower punch 4, with the lower punch 4 mounted on the press base 6. The vibration mechanism has several electromagnetic vibrators, including vertical vibrators 5 mounted on both sides of the top of the upper punch 2, horizontal vibrators mounted in the middle of the side of the stamping die 3, and horizontal vibrators mounted on both sides of the bottom of the lower punch 4. These vibrators 5 are connected to a unified vibration controller, and the vibration frequency is in the range of 30-80Hz. Elastic damping elements are present at the connection between the stamping mechanism and the frame 1. During operation, in the powder filling stage, the vibrators 5 at the lower punch 4 and the stamping die 3 are activated to uniformly fill the powder. Then, in the pressing stage, the vibrators 5 at the upper punch 2 continuously operate to improve the density of the blank and the bonding strength of the material, while the elastic damping elements ensure stable operation of the equipment. Through the synergistic action of these vibrators 5, the powder material can be more evenly distributed, and different powder particles can better interlock, thereby improving the quality of the blank and the performance of the finished brake pad.

[0056] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compression molding apparatus, characterized in that, include: Rack (1); A stamping mechanism is connected to the frame (1). The stamping mechanism includes an upper punch (2), a stamping die (3), and a lower punch (4) arranged coaxially. The vibration mechanism includes several vibrators (5), and the upper punch (2), the stamping die (3) and the lower punch (4) are each equipped with multiple vibrators (5). Two symmetrically distributed vibrators (5) are installed on both sides of the top of the upper punch (2), and the vibration direction of the vibrators (5) is vertical. Two symmetrically distributed vibrators (5) are installed on the middle of the side of the stamping die (3), and the vibration direction of the vibrators (5) is horizontal. Two symmetrically distributed vibrators (5) are installed on both sides of the bottom of the lower punch (4), and the vibration direction of the vibrators (5) is horizontal.

2. The compression molding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vibrator (5) is an electromagnetic vibrator (5).

3. The compression molding apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, Several of the vibrators (5) are connected to a unified vibration controller.

4. The compression molding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vibration frequency of the vibration mechanism is 30~80Hz.

5. The compression molding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a press base (6), which is fixedly installed on the frame (1), and the lower punch (4) is installed on the press base (6).

6. The compression molding apparatus according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The vibration mechanism is connected to the stamping mechanism by bolts.

7. The compression molding apparatus according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Elastic damping elements are provided at the connection between the stamping mechanism and the frame (1).

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