Saddle air floatation position adjusting structure and ultra-precision numerical control machine tool

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, and discloses a saddle air floatation position adjusting structure and an ultra-precision numerical control machine tool, the saddle air floatation position adjusting structure comprises a machine tool body and a saddle capable of longitudinally moving relative to the machine tool body, and at least two first supporting air floatation cushions facing the machine tool body are arranged on the bottom surface of the saddle; a rectangular air floating cushion is fixedly arranged on one side face of the sliding saddle through a supporting arm, two round air floating cushions are connected to the other side face of the sliding saddle in a floating mode through spherical hinges, and the two round air floating cushions are arranged in the front-back direction. When the sliding saddle is slightly inclined due to perpendicularity deviation in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, the angle of the circular air floating cushion can be automatically adjusted through the spherical hinge so that the circular air floating cushion can be in good contact and support with a corresponding contact component, the position of the sliding saddle can be finely adjusted, it is guaranteed that the sliding saddle is always in an ideal position state in the working process, and the service life of the sliding saddle is prolonged. And the stability of machining precision can be improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to numerical control machine tool technical field, especially a kind of slide saddle air floatation positioner structure and ultra-precision numerical control machine tool. BACKGROUND

[0002] Ultra-precision numerical control machine tool can realize extremely high machining precision, can reach sub-micron even nanometer level precision level;Patent with publication number CN 118543960A provides a kind of ultra-precision numerical control machine tool, slide saddle is suspended and set on bed and can be along left and right horizontal displacement, in order to limit slide saddle in horizontal position, two ends of slide saddle will be provided with two rectangular air floatation pads, two rectangular air floatation pads are respectively pressed on front mounting block and rear mounting block, rectangular air floatation pad plays the role of limiting and reducing friction, but when the horizontal plane of slide saddle slightly inclines, two rectangular air floatation pads will be rigidly interfered with front mounting block and rear mounting block, without adaptability adjustment verticality of slide saddle X axis and Y axis.

[0003] It can be seen that the prior art still needs to be improved and improved. INVENTION CONTENTS

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art described above, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a kind of slide saddle air floatation positioner structure and ultra-precision numerical control machine tool, to be able to dynamically adjust the perpendicularity deviation of slide saddle in X axis and Y axis direction.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model takes the following technical scheme:

[0006] A kind of slide saddle air floatation positioner structure, including bed, the slide saddle that can be moved longitudinally relative to bed, the bottom surface of slide saddle is equipped with at least two first support air floatation pads towards bed, the side of slide saddle is fixed with rectangular air floatation pad by support arm, the other side of slide saddle is floatingly connected with two circular air floatation pads by spherical hinge, two circular air floatation pads are arranged in front and back direction.

[0007] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the clamp is floatingly arranged on the slide saddle, the bottom surface of the clamp is provided with a second support air floatation pad, and a longitudinal driving mechanism is arranged on the slide saddle for driving the clamp to move forward and backward.

[0008] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the clamp includes two support blocks respectively located on the left and right sides of the slide saddle, a BC shaft clamping table is arranged on the two support blocks, the second support air floatation pad is located below the slide saddle and is fixedly connected with the two support blocks, and the longitudinal driving mechanism drives the BC shaft clamping table to reciprocate in the front and back directions.

[0009] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the longitudinal driving mechanism comprises a longitudinal linear motor arranged on the slide saddle, and a mover of the longitudinal linear motor is fixed to the bottom surface of the BC shaft clamping table through a first connecting plate.

[0010] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the slide saddle is provided with a buffer stopper limiting the moving range of the clamp in the front-rear direction.

[0011] The ultra-precision numerical control machine tool comprises a horizontal driving mechanism arranged on a machine body and used for driving the slide saddle to move horizontally, a gantry arranged on the machine body, a slide table vertically slidably arranged on a cross beam of the gantry, a vertical driving mechanism used for driving the slide table to move vertically, a laser processing module arranged on the slide table, and the slide saddle air floating positioning structure.

[0012] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the horizontal driving mechanism comprises a front mounting block, a rear mounting block, a front horizontal linear motor arranged on the front mounting block, and a rear horizontal linear motor arranged on the rear mounting block, the slide saddle is located between the front horizontal linear motor and the rear horizontal linear motor, and movers of the front horizontal linear motor and the rear horizontal linear motor drive the slide saddle to move in the left-right direction through a second connecting plate; the circular air floating pad faces the inner side of the front mounting block, and the rectangular air floating pad faces the inner side of the rear mounting block.

[0013] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the vertical driving mechanism comprises a back plate, a vertical linear motor vertically arranged on the back plate, and a guide rail, the slide table is internally provided with vertical air floating pads facing the front and rear side surfaces of the guide rail, and the vertical linear motor drives the slide table to move in the up-down direction through a third connecting plate.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the slide saddle air floating positioning structure provided by the utility model is connected with two circular air floating pads through a spherical hinge on the other side, and is arranged in the front-rear direction. The circular air floating pads connected through the spherical hinge have good flexibility and self-adaptability. When the slide saddle is slightly inclined due to the perpendicularity deviation in the X-axis and Y-axis directions, the circular air floating pads can automatically adjust the angle through the spherical hinge, so that the circular air floating pads can keep good contact and support with the corresponding contact components, thereby finely adjusting the position of the slide saddle, ensuring that the slide saddle is always in an ideal position state during the working process, improving the stability of the machining precision, avoiding the occurrence of rigid interference, and reducing the wear and damage caused by the rigid collision between components. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 The utility model provides the front view of the slide saddle air floating positioning structure.

[0016] Figure 2The utility model provides a slide saddle air cushion positioner structure's plan view.

[0017] Figure 3 The utility model provides a slide saddle air cushion positioner structure's plan view.

[0018] Figure 4 The utility model provides a slide saddle air cushion positioner structure's plan view.

[0019] Main element symbol explanation: 11-bed, 12-gantry, 21-slide saddle, 22-front mounting block, 23-rear mounting block, 24-front transverse linear motor, 25-rear transverse linear motor, 26-second connecting plate, 31-first support air cushion pad, 32-rectangular air cushion pad, 33-circular air cushion pad, 34-spherical hinge, 4-clamp, 41-supporting block, 42-BC shaft clamping table, 43-second support air cushion pad, 5-buffering positioner, 61-longitudinal linear motor, 62-first connecting plate, 71-sliding table, 72-back plate, 73-vertical linear motor, 74-guide rail, 75-vertical air cushion pad, 8-laser processing module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The utility model provides a slide saddle air cushion positioner structure and ultra -precision numerical control machine tool, in order to make the purpose, technical scheme and effect of the utility model more clear, explicit, the following refers to the drawing and raises example to the utility model further detailed explanation. It should be understood that the specific embodiment described here is only used to explain the utility model, and is not used to limit the protection scope of the utility model.

[0021] Please refer to Figures 1-3 The utility model provides a slide saddle air cushion positioner structure, including bed 11, the slide saddle 21 of relative bed 11 longitudinal movement, the bottom surface of slide saddle 21 is equipped with at least two first support air cushion pad 31 to bed 11, one side of slide saddle 21 is equipped with rectangular air cushion pad 32 through support arm, another side of slide saddle 21 is swing connected with two circular air cushion pad 33 through spherical hinge 34, and two circular air cushion pad 33 are arranged in front and back direction.

[0022] The bottom surface of slide saddle 21 is provided with at least two first support air cushion pad 31, which provides stable longitudinal support force for slide saddle 21, the first support air cushion pad 31 utilizes gas pressure to form an air film, so that slide saddle 21 moves in suspension nearly without friction, so that slide saddle 21 moves more smoothly and accurately in the longitudinal direction, and position deviation caused by friction is avoided, thereby helping to improve the control of the longitudinal position accuracy of the ultra-precision numerical control machine tool during processing, and ensuring the stability of the processing accuracy.

[0023] The side of the slide saddle 21 is fixed with a rectangular air cushion 32 through a support arm, which can play a certain lateral limiting and guiding role in the normal horizontal state, and cooperates with the first support air cushion 31 to further enhance the stability of the whole slide saddle 21. The other side is floatingly connected with two circular air cushions 33 through a spherical hinge 34, and is arranged in the front and rear directions; the circular air cushions 33 connected through the spherical hinge 34 have good flexibility and self-adaptability, and when the slide saddle 21 is slightly inclined due to the perpendicularity deviation in the X-axis and Y-axis directions, the circular air cushions 33 can automatically adjust the angle through the spherical hinge 34, so that they can keep good contact and support with the corresponding contact parts, thereby finely adjusting the position of the slide saddle 21, and ensuring that the slide saddle 21 is always in a relatively ideal position state during the working process, which is beneficial to improve the stability of the machining precision and avoid the occurrence of rigid interference and reduce the wear and damage caused by the rigid collision between parts.

[0024] In the perspective view, the position connecting lines of the two circular air cushions 33 and the rectangular air cushion 32 form an isosceles triangle arrangement. This arrangement makes the slide saddle 21 better resist overturning and better balance the external forces when subjected to lateral forces or moments around the vertical axis. The support structure formed by the two circular air cushions 33 and the rectangular air cushion 32 is similar to a stable tripod, which increases the stability of the slide saddle 21 on the horizontal plane. When the machine tool is running at high speed or performing complex machining, the slide saddle 21 may be subjected to various complex forces, and the isosceles triangle arrangement of the air cushions can effectively prevent the slide saddle 21 from overturning, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the machine tool and the machining quality.

[0025] Preferably, a clamp 4 is floatingly arranged on the slide saddle 21, the bottom surface of the clamp 4 is provided with a second support air cushion 43 facing the bed 11, and the slide saddle 21 is provided with a longitudinal driving mechanism for driving the clamp 4 to move forward and backward. The air cushion support has very small friction, which makes the clamp 4 more smoothly and accurately move when following the movement of the slide saddle 21 and fine-tuning relative to the slide saddle 21. Compared with the traditional rigid support method, the air cushion support can effectively reduce the positional error caused by friction, thereby improving the positional accuracy of the clamp 4 and the workpiece mounted on the clamp 4. In the machining process of the ultra-precision numerical control machine tool, a small positional deviation can significantly affect the machining precision, and the air cushion support can minimize such error, thereby providing protection for high-precision machining.

[0026] Specifically, the clamp 4 includes two support blocks 41 located on the left and right sides of the slide saddle 21, and a BC shaft clamping table 42 arranged on the two support blocks 41. The second support air cushion 43 is located below the slide saddle 21 and is fixedly connected with the two support blocks 41. The second support air cushion 43 not only provides support for the clamp 4, but also reduces the friction between the clamp 4 and the slide saddle 21 through its air cushion characteristics, so that the movement of the clamp 4 on the slide saddle 21 is smoother. The longitudinal driving mechanism drives the BC shaft clamping table 42 to reciprocate in the front-rear direction. When the clamp 4 is installed with a workpiece for machining, the gravity of the workpiece and the cutting force generated during the machining process can be uniformly transmitted to the two support blocks 41 through the BC shaft clamping table 42. This way of dispersing the force reduces the load of a single support point, reduces the risk of deformation or damage of the clamp 4 due to excessive local force, and improves the overall structural stability and reliability of the clamp 4.

[0027] In the embodiment, the longitudinal driving mechanism includes a longitudinal linear motor 61 arranged on the slide saddle 21. The mover of the longitudinal linear motor 61 is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the BC shaft clamping table 42 through a first connecting plate 62. The longitudinal linear motor 61 has high resolution and can realize accurate control of micro-displacement. It can accurately control the moving distance of the mover according to the input control signal, so as to realize high-precision positioning of the BC shaft clamping table 42 in the front-rear direction. This high-resolution characteristic enables the machine tool to finely adjust the position of the workpiece during machining, meeting the requirements of various high-precision machining processes. For example, when performing micro-machining or precision engraving processes, it is necessary to accurately control the position of the clamping table to the micron or even nanometer level. The longitudinal linear motor 61 can well meet this demand, improving the machining precision and quality of the machine tool.

[0028] The slide saddle 21 is provided with a buffer stopper 5 for limiting the forward and backward movement range of the clamp 4, so as to avoid collision between the clamp 4 and other parts of the machine tool due to excessive movement. When the clamp 4 moves to the proximity limit position, there may still be some inertial force even if there is a limit of the buffer stopper 5. The buffer function of the buffer stopper 5 can absorb and alleviate the impact caused by the inertial force when the clamp 4 contacts the stopper.

[0029] See Figure 4 The utility model also provides a kind of ultra-precision CNC machine tool, including the slide saddle air cushion positioner structure as above, the transverse driving mechanism for driving slide saddle 21 to move transversely is arranged on bed 11, gantry 12 is arranged on bed 11, slide table 71 is vertically slidably arranged on the crossbeam of gantry 12, vertical driving mechanism for driving slide table 71 vertically moves, laser processing module 8 is arranged on slide table 71.

[0030] After the workpiece is clamped by the BC-axis clamping table 42, under the driving of the transverse driving mechanism and the longitudinal driving mechanism, the slide saddle air floating positioning structure realizes the high-precision movement of the slide saddle 21 in the longitudinal direction, so that the machine tool can accurately adjust the position of the workpiece in the three-dimensional space. The precise control ability in multiple dimensions ensures that the laser focal point emitted by the laser processing module 8 can accurately reach any position of the workpiece, meeting the strict requirements of ultra-precision machining on position accuracy. For example, when machining complex three-dimensional curved surface parts, the position of each machining point can be accurately controlled, so as to realize high-precision machining contour and improve the machining precision and surface quality of the parts.

[0031] Further, the transverse driving mechanism includes a front mounting block 22, a rear mounting block 23, a front transverse linear motor 24 arranged on the front mounting block 22, and a rear transverse linear motor 25 arranged on the rear mounting block 23, the slide saddle 21 is located between the front transverse linear motor 24 and the rear transverse linear motor 25, the movers of the front transverse linear motor 24 and the rear transverse linear motor 25 drive the slide saddle 21 to move in the left-right direction through the second connecting plate 26 respectively; the circular air floating pad 33 faces the inner side surface of the front mounting block 22, and the rectangular air floating pad 32 faces the inner side surface of the rear mounting block 23. The front transverse linear motor 24 and the rear transverse linear motor 25 are used to drive the slide saddle 21 simultaneously, and this kind of double-side synchronous driving mode can make the slide saddle 21 receive more uniform driving force in the left-right direction. Compared with single-side driving, double-side driving can better balance the inertial force and frictional force generated in the movement of the slide saddle 21, reduce the inclination and distortion of the slide saddle 21, so as to ensure that the slide saddle 21 can move smoothly in the left-right direction. In the machining process of the ultra-precision numerical control machine tool, the smooth movement of the slide saddle 21 is crucial to ensure the machining precision. For example, when high-precision contour machining is performed, any slight shaking of the slide saddle 21 may cause machining error, and double-side synchronous driving can effectively avoid this situation, improving the machining precision and surface quality.

[0032] Specifically, the vertical driving mechanism comprises a back plate 72, a vertical linear motor 73 vertically arranged on the back plate 72 and a guide rail 74, the inside of the sliding table 71 is provided with vertical air floating pads 75 towards the front and rear sides of the guide rail 74, and the contact mode between the sliding table 71 and the guide rail 74 is further optimized. The air floating pad utilizes gas pressure to form an air film, so that the sliding table 71 moves in a nearly frictionless manner on the guide rail 74, and the influence of friction on the motion stability is greatly reduced; the vertical linear motor 73 drives the sliding table 71 to move in the up-down direction through the third connecting plate. In the machining of the ultra-precision numerical control machine tool, the vertical position precision is extremely high, for example, when micro-nano machining or high-precision surface treatment is performed, a slight position deviation may affect the machining quality. The vertical linear motor 73 can accurately control the up-down movement distance of the sliding table 71 according to a control signal, ensure that the sliding table 71 reaches a predetermined vertical position, and improve the machining precision and consistency.

[0033] In the description of the utility model, it is understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "longitudinal", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the utility model.

[0034] In the description of the utility model, it should be explained that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral connection, it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection or can communicate with each other, it can be direct connection, or indirect connection through intermediate medium, it can be the communication or interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] It can be understood that, for ordinary skilled in the art, the technical scheme of the utility model and the utility model concept can be replaced or changed equivalently, and all these changes or replacements shall belong to the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A sliding saddle air-bearing adjustment structure, characterized in that, The device includes a bed frame and a saddle that can move longitudinally relative to the bed frame. The bottom surface of the saddle is provided with at least two first support air cushions facing the bed frame. A rectangular air cushion is fixed to one side of the saddle via a support arm. Two circular air cushions are floatingly connected to the other side of the saddle via a spherical hinge. The two circular air cushions are arranged in the front-to-back direction.

2. The sliding saddle air-bearing adjustment structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, From a top-down view, the lines connecting the positions of the two circular air-floating pads and the rectangular air-floating pad form an isosceles triangle.

3. The sliding saddle air-bearing adjustment structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A clamp is floating on the slide saddle, and the bottom surface of the clamp is provided with a second supporting air cushion facing the bed. The slide saddle is provided with a longitudinal drive mechanism for moving the clamp back and forth.

4. The sliding saddle air-bearing adjustment structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fixture includes two support blocks located on the left and right sides of the slide saddle, and a BC shaft clamping platform mounted on the two support blocks. The second support air cushion is located below the slide saddle and is fixedly connected to the two support blocks. The longitudinal drive mechanism drives the BC shaft clamping platform to reciprocate in the front-back direction.

5. The sliding saddle air-bearing adjustment structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The longitudinal drive mechanism includes a longitudinal linear motor mounted on a slide saddle, and the mover of the longitudinal linear motor is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the BC shaft clamping table through a first connecting plate.

6. The sliding saddle air-bearing adjustment structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The slide saddle is equipped with a buffer limiter that restricts the forward and backward movement of the clamp.

7. An ultra-precision CNC machine tool, characterized in that, It includes the saddle air-bearing adjustment structure as described in any one of claims 2-5, a transverse drive mechanism mounted on the bed for driving the saddle to move laterally, a gantry mounted on the bed, a slide table that can be slidably mounted on the crossbeam of the gantry, a vertical drive mechanism for driving the slide table to move vertically, and a laser processing module mounted on the slide table.

8. The ultra-precision CNC machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that, The lateral drive mechanism includes a front mounting block, a rear mounting block, a front lateral linear motor mounted on the front mounting block, and a rear lateral linear motor mounted on the rear mounting block. The slide saddle is located between the front and rear lateral linear motors. The movers of the front and rear lateral linear motors respectively drive the slide saddle to move in the left and right directions through a second connecting plate. The circular air float faces the inner side of the front mounting block, and the rectangular air float faces the inner side of the rear mounting block.

9. The ultra-precision CNC machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that, The vertical drive mechanism includes a back plate, a vertical linear motor and a guide rail mounted vertically on the back plate, and the slide table has vertical air cushions facing the front and rear sides of the guide rail inside. The vertical linear motor drives the slide table to move in the up and down direction through a third connecting plate.

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