Clamping jaw jig

Abstract

The utility model discloses a clamping jaw jig which comprises a chuck, a driving device, an unlocking piece, an unlocking rod and a first spring. The chuck is provided with a plurality of clamping jaw units, and the clamping jaw units are arranged in a circumferential array with the central axis of the unlocking rod as the center; the clamping jaw unit comprises a guide rail mechanism, a clamping jaw mechanism and a second spring; the linear guide structure of the guide rail mechanism is used for guiding the movement of the clamping jaw mechanism, so that the clamping jaw mechanism can be effectively prevented from deviating due to uneven stress or abrasion in the clamping process, and the centering precision is improved. And the centering conical surface abuts against the arc-shaped groove, and the contact fitting degree is further enhanced through curved surface matching, so that the stress of each clamping jaw mechanism is more uniform during unlocking, and abrasion caused by local stress deviation is effectively reduced. In addition, the double-spring structure compensates the gap through elastic deformation of the springs, the stability of the clamping force is maintained, and the situation that the centering precision is reduced due to abrasion accumulation is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of clamping technology, and more specifically, to a gripper fixture. Background Technology

[0002] When machining ring structures and circular workpieces, centering clamping equipment is often used. Currently, the most commonly used centering clamping equipment, such as three-jaw chucks, usually relies on inclined planes or cams for drive. They lack rigid guiding constraints, and the movement of the jaws is prone to deviation due to metal wear and gaps, resulting in workpiece centering deviation. Utility Model Content

[0003] This utility model provides a gripper fixture to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. To achieve the above objective, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a gripper fixture, comprising a clamping plate, a driving device, an unlocking component, an unlocking rod, and a first spring; the driving device is used to drive the unlocking component to move; the unlocking rod is slidably connected to the clamping plate; one end of the unlocking component is connected to the unlocking rod, and the other end is provided with a centering conical surface, the cross-section of the centering conical surface being trapezoidal; the first spring is sleeved on the clamping plate, one end of which abuts against the clamping plate, and the other end abuts against the unlocking component;

[0004] The clamping plate is provided with multiple gripper units, and the multiple gripper units are arranged in a circular array with the central axis of the unlocking rod as the center.

[0005] The gripper unit includes a guide rail mechanism, a gripper mechanism, and a second spring. The guide rail mechanism is connected to the clamping plate, and the gripper mechanism is slidably connected to the clamping plate through the guide rail mechanism. One end of the second spring is connected to the clamping plate, and the other end is connected to the gripper mechanism. One end of the gripper mechanism is provided with an arc-shaped groove that mates with the centering cone surface, and the arc-shaped groove abuts against the centering cone surface.

[0006] Preferably, the gripper mechanism includes a gripper body and an arc-shaped baffle. The gripper body includes a support arm and a mounting groove, and the arc-shaped groove is disposed on the support arm. The guide rail mechanism includes a linear guide rail and a slider. The linear guide rail is fixedly connected to the clamping plate, the slider is slidably connected to the linear guide rail, and the slider is fixedly connected to the mounting groove.

[0007] Preferably, the clamping plate is provided with a locking mechanism that cooperates with the second spring. The locking mechanism includes a locking plate and a locking rod. The locking plate is provided with adjustment grooves on both sides. The clamping plate is provided with a connecting hole that cooperates with the adjustment groove. The adjustment groove and the connecting hole are connected by bolts. The locking rod is provided on the locking plate and is connected to the second spring.

[0008] Preferably, the support arm is provided with multiple locking holes, and each locking hole is provided with a detachable screw, through which the second spring is connected to the gripper mechanism.

[0009] Preferably, the clamp is provided with a mounting part; the mounting part includes a three-pronged arm, the three-pronged arm includes three branches, the ends of the branches are provided with connecting rods, the connecting rods are connected to the clamp; a support is provided at the center of the three-pronged arm.

[0010] Preferably, the unlocking component includes an upper pressure plate, a lower pressure plate, and three support rods; the upper pressure plate is provided with a through hole for the support column to pass through, and the lower pressure plate is connected to the upper pressure plate through the support rods; the lower pressure plate is connected to the unlocking rod and abuts against the first spring.

[0011] Preferably, the driving device includes a fixed base, an unlocking cylinder, and an unlocking plate; the unlocking cylinder is disposed on the fixed base, and its piston rod is connected to the unlocking plate; the unlocking plate is provided with a U-shaped groove, and the support column passes through the U-shaped groove; the two side walls of the U-shaped groove abut against the upper pressure plate respectively.

[0012] Preferably, the number of gripper units is three, and the three gripper units are arranged at equal intervals.

[0013] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are as follows: Multiple gripper units are arranged in a circular array around the central axis of the unlocking rod, and a linear guide structure of the guide rail mechanism provides guidance for the movement of the gripper mechanism. This effectively prevents the gripper mechanism from shifting due to uneven force or wear during clamping, thus improving centering accuracy. The centering conical surface abuts against the arc-shaped groove, and the curved surface fit further enhances the contact fit, making the force on each gripper mechanism more uniform during unlocking and effectively reducing wear caused by local force deviations. Furthermore, the double-spring structure compensates for gaps through spring elastic deformation, maintaining the stability of the clamping force and preventing a decrease in centering accuracy due to accumulated wear. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the gripper fixture according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the gripper fixture from another perspective of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the gripper fixture from another perspective of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a side view of the gripper fixture according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a top view of the gripper fixture according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the gripper fixture according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of the clamping state of the gripper fixture according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0021] exist Figures 1 to 7 In the diagram, the correspondence between the component names and the drawing numbers is as follows:

[0022] 1--Clamping plate, 2--Drive device, 21--Fixed seat, 22--Unlocking cylinder, 23--Unlocking plate, 23a--U-shaped groove, 3--Unlocking component, 31--Upper pressure plate, 32--Lower pressure plate, 33--Support rod, 4--Unlocking rod, 5--First spring, 6--Centering cone surface, 7--Gripper unit, 71--Guide rail mechanism, 711--Linear guide rail, 712--Slider, 72--Clamping Claw mechanism, 721--claw body, 721a--support arm, 721b--mounting groove, 721c--arc groove, 721d--locking hole, 722--arc baffle, 723--screw, 73--second spring, 8--locking mechanism, 81--locking plate, 81a--adjustment groove, 82--locking rod, 9--mounting part, 91--triangle arm, 92--connecting rod, 93--support column. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. The following examples are used to illustrate this utility model, but should not be used to limit the scope of this utility model.

[0024] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "head," "tail," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. In addition, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0025] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0026] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 This utility model provides a gripper fixture, including a clamping plate 1, a driving device 2, an unlocking component 3, an unlocking rod 4, and a first spring 5; the driving device 2 is used to drive the unlocking component 3 to move; the unlocking rod 4 is slidably connected to the clamping plate 1; one end of the unlocking component 3 is connected to the unlocking rod 4, and the other end is provided with a centering conical surface 6, the cross-section of the centering conical surface 6 being trapezoidal; the first spring 5 is sleeved on the clamping plate 1, one end of which abuts against the clamping plate 1, and the other end abuts against the unlocking component 3; the clamping plate 1 is provided with multiple gripper units 7, and the multiple gripper units 7 are... The gripper units 7 are arranged in a circular array with the central axis of the unlocking rod 4 as the center; the gripper units 7 include a guide rail mechanism 71, a gripper mechanism 72 and a second spring 73. The guide rail mechanism 71 is connected to the clamping plate 1, and the gripper mechanism 72 is slidably connected to the clamping plate 1 through the guide rail mechanism 71; one end of the second spring 73 is connected to the clamping plate 1, and the other end is connected to the gripper mechanism 72; one end of the gripper mechanism 72 is provided with an arc-shaped groove 721c that cooperates with the centering cone surface 6, and the arc-shaped groove 721c abuts against the centering cone surface 6.

[0027] In this embodiment of the invention, the driving device 2 drives the unlocking member 3 to move, so that the unlocking member 3 can act on the unlocking rod 4 and thus drive the unlocking rod 4 to move. The driving device 2 can be a cylinder, an electric push rod, or a lead screw motion device, which can drive the unlocking member 3 to move when started. The centering conical surface 6 on the unlocking rod 4 abuts against the arc-shaped groove 721c of the gripper mechanism 72. The trapezoidal structure increases the contact area, making the two fit more tightly and evenly transmitting pressure, avoiding abnormal wear due to poor contact. Multiple gripper units 7 are arranged in a circumferential array with the central axis of the unlocking rod 4 as the center. This symmetrical layout makes the force on each gripper uniform when clamping the workpiece, which can avoid workpiece deformation or centering deviation caused by excessive local force, and is especially suitable for processing ring or circular workpieces with high precision requirements. The gripper mechanism 72 is slidably connected to the chuck 1 via the guide rail mechanism 71, providing rigid constraints for the movement of the gripper mechanism 72. Compared with traditional clamping devices that lack guidance, this design can effectively prevent the gripper mechanism 72 from radially or circumferentially shifting due to uneven force, wear, or other factors during the clamping process, thus ensuring the accuracy and stability of the movement of the gripper mechanism 72.

[0028] This embodiment employs a dual-spring design to enhance stability and adaptability. The first spring 5 is sleeved on the clamping plate 1, with its two ends abutting against the clamping plate 1 and the unlocking component 3, respectively. This allows the centering cone surface 6 and the arc-shaped groove 721c to naturally separate when the entire gripper fixture is in the clamping state, avoiding any impact on the clamping force. The second spring 73 connects the clamping plate 1 and the gripper mechanism 72. Through the deformation of the spring, it pulls the gripper mechanism 72 closer towards the central axis of the unlocking rod 4, thereby allowing multiple gripper units 7 to act on the workpiece from different directions, achieving stable clamping. The second spring 73 can also compensate for gaps through elastic deformation when the gripper mechanism 72 experiences minor displacement due to wear, maintaining a stable clamping force and extending the service life of the fixture.

[0029] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: During clamping, the gripper mechanism 72 is guided by the guide rail mechanism 71 and moves towards the center under the action of the second spring 73. During the approach process, it acts on the surface of the workpiece to achieve clamping of the workpiece. During unlocking, the drive device 2 acts on the unlocking component 3, which drives the unlocking rod 4 to move. The centering cone surface 6 at the end of the unlocking rod 4 acts on multiple gripper units 7 simultaneously and pushes the gripper mechanism 72 open to release the workpiece.

[0030] Preferably, the gripper mechanism 72 includes a gripper body 721 and an arc-shaped baffle 722. The gripper body 721 includes a support arm 721a and a mounting groove 721b, and the arc-shaped groove 721c is provided on the support arm 721a. The guide rail mechanism 71 includes a linear guide rail 711 and a slider 712. The linear guide rail 711 is fixedly connected to the clamping plate 1, the slider 712 is slidably connected to the linear guide rail 711, and the slider 712 is fixedly connected to the mounting groove 721b.

[0031] In this embodiment, a linear guide rail 711 and a slider 712 are used in conjunction. The linear guide rail 711, as a high-precision guiding component, provides a stable, low-friction sliding path for the slider 712, effectively reducing wobbling and offset when the gripper mechanism 72 slides along the guide rail. Compared to traditional sliding connections, the linear guide rail 711 and slider 712 structure has stronger rigidity and can withstand greater lateral and cutting forces. During processing, even if the workpiece is subjected to uneven force, the gripper can maintain a precise movement trajectory, thereby ensuring the centering accuracy and processing quality of the workpiece. The slider 712 is fixedly connected to the mounting groove 721b of the gripper body 721. This design makes the gripper mechanism 72 an independent modular component. In practical use, if the gripper wears or is damaged, or if it needs to be replaced with a different size gripper to adapt to different workpieces, the gripper can be quickly replaced simply by disassembling the connecting part between the slider 712 and the mounting groove 721b, reducing maintenance time and costs. The arc-shaped baffle 722 in the gripper mechanism 72 can better conform to the surface contour of annular or circular workpieces, increasing the contact area with the workpiece and distributing the clamping force evenly on the workpiece surface, thus avoiding workpiece deformation caused by localized stress concentration. Furthermore, the arc-shaped baffle 722 and the gripper body 721 are detachable, facilitating the replacement of appropriate baffles according to the shape and size of different workpieces. The support arm 721a of the gripper body 721 can effectively transmit the unlocking pressure in confined spaces, providing greater flexibility in the layout and installation of the gripper mechanism 72.

[0032] Preferably, the clamping plate 1 is provided with a snap-fit ​​mechanism 8 that cooperates with the second spring 73. The snap-fit ​​mechanism 8 includes a snap-fit ​​plate 81 and a snap-fit ​​rod 82. Adjustment grooves 81a are provided on both sides of the snap-fit ​​plate 81, and connecting holes that cooperate with the adjustment grooves 81a are provided on the clamping plate 1. The adjustment grooves 81a and the connecting holes are connected by bolts. The snap-fit ​​rod 82 is disposed on the snap-fit ​​plate 81 and connected to the second spring 73. In this embodiment, the adjustment grooves 81a on both sides of the snap-fit ​​plate 81 are connected to the connecting holes on the clamping plate 1 by bolts, allowing for flexible adjustment of the installation position of the snap-fit ​​plate 81, thereby achieving tension control of the second spring 73 and adapting to the clamping force required for workpieces of different specifications. The snap-fit ​​mechanism 8 adopts a modular design. When the second spring 73 experiences fatigue failure or needs replacement, only the bolts need to be loosened, and the snap-fit ​​plate 81 and snap-fit ​​rod 82 need to be adjusted or disassembled for quick spring replacement. This simplifies operation and reduces maintenance difficulty and time costs.

[0033] Preferably, the support arm 721a is provided with multiple locking holes 721d, and each locking hole 721d is provided with a detachable screw 723. The second spring 73 is connected to the gripper mechanism 72 through the screw 723. In this embodiment, the multiple locking holes 721d provide different mounting points for the screw 723, allowing for flexible adjustment of the connection position between the second spring 73 and the gripper mechanism 72 according to actual working conditions. For example, changing the spring's tension or compression state allows for precise control of the spring force, adapting to the clamping requirements of workpieces of different sizes and weights.

[0034] Preferably, the clamping plate 1 is provided with a mounting part 9; the mounting part 9 includes a three-pronged arm 91, the three-pronged arm 91 includes three branches, the ends of the branches are provided with connecting rods 92, the connecting rods 92 are connected to the clamping plate 1; the center of the three-pronged arm 91 is provided with a support column 93. In this embodiment, the function of the mounting part 9 is to connect the gripper fixture to the processing equipment or multi-axis motion platform, specifically by docking with the processing equipment or multi-axis motion platform through the support column 93, thus realizing the installation of the entire gripper fixture. For this purpose, this embodiment uses the three-pronged arm 91 as the connecting node, with the support column 93 set at the center of the three-pronged arm 91, and the three branches of the three-pronged arm 91 are respectively provided with connecting rods 92 to dock with the clamping plate 1, forming a stable triangular support structure, which can effectively distribute the pressure and external force borne by the clamping plate 1 during the clamping process. Compared with single or double support point connections, this structure has stronger resistance to deformation, which can prevent the clamping plate 1 from twisting or shaking due to uneven force, and provide a stable foundation for the entire gripper fixture.

[0035] Preferably, the unlocking component 3 includes an upper pressure plate 31, a lower pressure plate 32, and three support rods 33. The upper pressure plate 31 has a through hole through which the support column 93 can pass. The lower pressure plate 32 is connected to the upper pressure plate 31 via the support rods 33. The lower pressure plate 32 is connected to the unlocking rod 4 and abuts against the first spring 5. In this embodiment, the three support rods 33 and the three connecting rods 92 are staggered and do not interfere with each other. The three support rods 33 connect the upper pressure plate 31 and the lower pressure plate 32 to form a stable three-dimensional support frame, preventing the upper and lower pressure plates 32 from twisting and deforming during movement, thereby ensuring the stability of the centering cone surface 6 and the gripper mechanism 72.

[0036] Preferably, the driving device 2 includes a fixed base 21, an unlocking cylinder 22, and an unlocking plate 23; the unlocking cylinder 22 is mounted on the fixed base 21, and its piston rod is connected to the unlocking plate 23; the unlocking plate 23 has a U-shaped groove 23a, through which the support column 93 passes; the two side walls of the U-shaped groove 23a respectively abut against the upper pressure plate 31. In this embodiment, the driving device 2 uses a cylinder as a power source, and the fixed base 21 can be installed on a processing equipment or a multi-axis motion platform. During operation, the components of the driving device 2 work together to achieve drive control of the gripper mechanism 72, and its working process is as follows:

[0037] When it is necessary to clamp the workpiece, the piston rod of the unlocking cylinder 22 retracts. Under the action of the first spring 5, the unlocking component 3 moves and drives the unlocking rod 4 to move. The centering cone surface 6 at the end of the unlocking rod 4 is released from the pressure on the gripper mechanism 72. The second spring 73 pulls the gripper mechanism 72 to move towards the direction close to the central axis of the unlocking rod 4. The gripper mechanism 72 acts on the surface of the workpiece, thereby clamping the workpiece.

[0038] When the workpiece needs to be released, the unlocking cylinder 22 drives the piston rod to extend, and the unlocking plate 23 connected to the piston rod moves with the piston rod. The two side walls of the U-shaped groove 23a abut against the upper pressure plate 31 of the unlocking component 3. The movement of the unlocking plate 23 will push the unlocking component 3 to move. The unlocking component 3 compresses the first spring 5, causing the centering cone surface 6 on the unlocking rod 4 to move. During the movement of the centering cone surface 6, it interacts with the arc-shaped groove 721c of the gripper mechanism 72. Utilizing the inclined structure of the cone surface, it pushes the gripper mechanism 72 to slide along the guide rail mechanism 71 in a direction away from the central axis of the unlocking rod 4, thereby releasing the workpiece.

[0039] Preferably, the number of gripper units 7 is three, and the three gripper units 7 are equally spaced. In this embodiment, the three gripper units 7 are equally distributed to form a stable triangular force-bearing structure, which can uniformly apply clamping force to the annular or circular workpiece from three directions, effectively avoiding workpiece eccentricity or deformation caused by uneven force, and can accurately achieve the center positioning of the workpiece.

[0040] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are as follows: Multiple gripper units are arranged in a circular array around the central axis of the unlocking rod, and a linear guide structure of the guide rail mechanism provides guidance for the movement of the gripper mechanism. This effectively prevents the gripper mechanism from shifting due to uneven force or wear during clamping, thus improving centering accuracy. The centering conical surface abuts against the arc-shaped groove, and the curved surface fit further enhances the contact fit, making the force on each gripper mechanism more uniform during unlocking and effectively reducing wear caused by local force deviations. Furthermore, the double-spring structure compensates for gaps through spring elastic deformation, maintaining the stability of the clamping force and preventing a decrease in centering accuracy due to accumulated wear.

[0041] The embodiments of this utility model are given for illustrative and descriptive purposes only, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the utility model to the forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of this utility model, and to enable those skilled in the art to understand this utility model and design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for a particular purpose.

Claims

1. A gripper fixture, characterized in that, It includes a clamping plate (1), a driving device (2), an unlocking component (3), an unlocking rod (4), and a first spring (5); the driving device is used to drive the unlocking component to move; the unlocking rod is slidably connected to the clamping plate; one end of the unlocking component is connected to the unlocking rod, and the other end is provided with a centering cone surface (6), the cross-section of the centering cone surface is trapezoidal; the first spring is sleeved on the clamping plate, one end of which abuts against the clamping plate, and the other end abuts against the unlocking component; The clamping plate is provided with multiple gripper units (7), and the multiple gripper units are arranged in a circular array with the central axis of the unlocking rod as the center; The gripper unit includes a guide rail mechanism (71), a gripper mechanism (72), and a second spring (73). The guide rail mechanism is connected to the clamping plate, and the gripper mechanism is slidably connected to the clamping plate through the guide rail mechanism. One end of the second spring is connected to the clamping plate, and the other end is connected to the gripper mechanism. One end of the gripper mechanism is provided with an arc-shaped groove (721c) that matches the centering cone surface, and the arc-shaped groove abuts against the centering cone surface.

2. The gripper fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gripper mechanism includes a gripper body (721) and an arc-shaped baffle (722). The gripper body includes a support arm (721a) and a mounting groove (721b), and the arc-shaped groove is provided on the support arm. The guide rail mechanism includes a linear guide rail (711) and a slider (712). The linear guide rail is fixedly connected to the clamping plate, the slider is slidably connected to the linear guide rail, and the slider is fixedly connected to the mounting groove.

3. The gripper fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that, The clamping plate is provided with a snap-fit ​​mechanism (8) that cooperates with the second spring. The snap-fit ​​mechanism includes a snap-fit ​​plate (81) and a snap-fit ​​rod (82). The snap-fit ​​plate is provided with adjustment grooves (81a) on both sides. The clamping plate is provided with a connection hole that cooperates with the adjustment groove. The adjustment groove and the connection hole are connected by bolts. The snap-fit ​​rod is provided on the snap-fit ​​plate and is connected to the second spring.

4. The gripper fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support arm is provided with multiple locking holes (721d), and each locking hole is provided with a detachable screw (723). The second spring is connected to the gripper mechanism through the screw.

5. The gripper fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamp is provided with a mounting part (9); the mounting part includes a three-pronged arm (91), the three-pronged arm includes three branches, the ends of the branches are provided with connecting rods (92), the connecting rods are connected to the clamp; the center of the three-pronged arm is provided with a support column (93).

6. The gripper fixture according to claim 5, characterized in that, The unlocking component includes an upper pressure plate (31), a lower pressure plate (32), and three support rods (33); the upper pressure plate is provided with a through hole for the support column to pass through, and the lower pressure plate is connected to the upper pressure plate through the support rods; the lower pressure plate is connected to the unlocking rod and abuts against the first spring.

7. The gripper fixture according to claim 6, characterized in that, The driving device includes a fixed base (21), an unlocking cylinder (22), and an unlocking plate (23); the unlocking cylinder is mounted on the fixed base, and its piston rod is connected to the unlocking plate; the unlocking plate is provided with a U-shaped groove (23a), and the support column passes through the U-shaped groove; the two side walls of the U-shaped groove abut against the upper pressure plate respectively.

8. The gripper fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of gripper units is three, and the three gripper units are arranged at equal intervals.

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