Pull-out test system for testing interfacial strength of geosynthetics and building blocks
By designing a pull-out test system with fixed and pull-out units, the problem of inaccurate test results caused by block movement was solved, and reliable fixing of blocks of different specifications was achieved, thereby improving test accuracy and reducing costs.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-07
AI Technical Summary
In pull-out tests for the interfacial strength of geosynthetics and blocks, block movement can lead to inaccurate test results and equipment damage.
A pull-out test system including a fixing unit and a pull-out unit was designed. The fixing unit consists of a first fixing frame, a first positioning frame and a telescopic component. The telescopic component pushes the block to abut against the limiting surface of the positioning frame to ensure that the block is fixed. The pull-out unit clamps the geosynthetic material with a clamp to prevent the block from moving or deflecting.
It improves the accuracy of test results, reduces the risk of test failure, and is applicable to blocks of different specifications, thus reducing test costs and operational difficulty.
Smart Images
Figure CN224095652U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of civil engineering technology, and in particular to a pull-out test system for testing the interfacial strength of geosynthetics and masonry blocks. Background Technology
[0002] Concrete blocks, with their regular appearance, advantages in mechanized construction, and good quality control, have become the preferred facing material for modern reinforced soil engineering. Through technological innovation, new types of blocks have developed double-sided roughening technology and modular interlocking structures, significantly improving their synergistic effect with geosynthetics (such as geogrids and geotextiles). Therefore, the application of block-type reinforced soil retaining walls, reinforced soil abutments, and reinforced soil slopes is becoming increasingly widespread. Researching the interfacial strength between geosynthetics and blocks is crucial for reinforced structure design, directly determining the structure's anti-slip capability. The results provide a basis for selecting material combinations, determining reinforcement length, and optimizing safety factors, preventing geosynthetic pull-out or sliding failure, and improving the overall stability and long-term service performance of reinforced structures.
[0003] In related technologies, the interfacial bond strength between geosynthetics and concrete blocks can be determined through an interfacial pull-out test. During the test, a geosynthetic sample is installed between the stacked upper and lower blocks. After applying a vertical load to the top of the upper block, the geosynthetic sample is pulled out using clamps to conduct a pull-out test.
[0004] During the above test, if the upper or lower blocks move, it will adversely affect the accuracy of the test results. Utility Model Content
[0005] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to provide a pull-out test system for testing the interfacial strength of geosynthetics and blocks, so as to at least partially solve the problem that the accuracy of test results is affected by block movement during pull-out tests.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a pull-out test system for testing the interfacial strength of geosynthetics and masonry blocks, comprising: a fixing unit, including a first fixing frame, a first positioning frame, and a telescopic component; the first fixing frame has an internal accommodating space, the first positioning frame and the telescopic component are both located within the accommodating space and connected to the first fixing frame; the first positioning frame and the telescopic component are spaced apart along a first direction, the first positioning frame having a limiting surface for limiting the masonry block on the side near the telescopic component, the telescopic component being able to extend along the first direction to drive the masonry block located between the first positioning frame and the telescopic component to abut against the limiting surface; and a pull-out unit, spaced apart from the fixing unit along the first direction, the pull-out unit including a clamp for holding the geosynthetics, the geosynthetics contacting the masonry block, the clamp being able to move along the first direction.
[0007] Optionally, the system includes a base with a bearing surface formed on the top. The first fixing frame includes a first upright beam and a second upright beam vertically connected to the bearing surface. The first upright beam and the second upright beam are spaced apart along the first direction to define the receiving space between the first upright beam and the second upright beam. The first upright beam is located between the second upright beam and the pulling unit. The first positioning frame is detachably connected to the first upright beam, and the telescopic component is detachably connected to the second upright beam.
[0008] Optionally, the first positioning frame includes a rectangular frame, a base plate connected to the bottom of the rectangular frame, and a side plate connected to the side of the rectangular frame near the pull-out unit. The side plate forms a through pull-out joint, through which the geosynthetic material passes. The rectangular frame and / or the side plate are detachably connected to the first upright beam by a first fastener. The rectangular frame and / or the base plate are detachably connected to the base by a second fastener.
[0009] Optionally, multiple pull-out seams are provided, and the multiple pull-out seams are spaced apart and parallel to each other.
[0010] Optionally, at least two blocks are provided and stacked on the bearing surface along a second direction, the geosynthetic material is provided between two adjacent blocks, and the second direction is perpendicular to the bearing surface; the expansion joint corresponds to each block.
[0011] Optionally, the telescopic assembly includes a rigid chain lifting platform.
[0012] Optionally, the first fixing frame further includes a top beam disposed above the telescopic assembly, the top beam being connected to the first upright beam and the second upright beam respectively; the system further includes a loading assembly located within the receiving space, the loading assembly being connected to the top beam, the loading assembly being capable of extending downward in a second direction and compressing the block.
[0013] Optionally, the loading component includes a first hydraulic telescopic cylinder, the end of the piston rod of the first hydraulic telescopic cylinder is connected to a pressure plate, and the bottom of the pressure plate is provided with an anti-slip layer.
[0014] Optionally, the pulling unit further includes a second hydraulic telescopic cylinder, and the clamp is connected to the piston rod of the second hydraulic telescopic cylinder via a pulling pin.
[0015] Optionally, the system further includes a loading component and a hydraulic medium control component. The loading component includes a first hydraulic telescopic cylinder, and the hydraulic medium control component is connected to the base. The hydraulic medium control component is connected to the first hydraulic telescopic cylinder and the second hydraulic telescopic cylinder respectively through pipelines.
[0016] As can be seen from the above, the pull-out test system for testing the interfacial strength of geosynthetics and masonry blocks provided in this application has a first positioning frame and a telescopic component both placed in the receiving space inside the first fixed frame and connected to the first fixed frame, so that the first positioning frame and the telescopic component can be reliably fixed in the receiving space. For the masonry block placed between the first positioning frame and the telescopic component, the telescopic component can push the masonry block against the limiting surface of the first positioning frame when it extends. Under the combined action of the first positioning frame and the telescopic component, the masonry block can be reliably fixed in the receiving space. When a pull-out force is applied to the geosynthetics, it can effectively prevent the masonry block from moving or deflecting, which helps to reduce the failure risk of the pull-out test for the interfacial strength of geosynthetics and masonry blocks and improve the accuracy of the test results.
[0017] Meanwhile, since the telescopic component has a certain range of extension, even if blocks of different shapes and sizes are placed in the accommodating space, the extension amount of the telescopic component can be adjusted to ensure that the blocks can be pressed tightly against the limiting surface. It has a wide range of applications and helps to reduce test costs and operational difficulties. Attached Figure Description
[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this application or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0019] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the block and the geosynthetic material in a pull-out test according to an embodiment of this application;
[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a block limiting and fixing method according to an embodiment of this application;
[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pull-out test system for testing the interfacial strength of geosynthetics and masonry blocks according to an embodiment of this application, during a pull-out test.
[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pull-out test system for testing the interfacial strength between geosynthetics and blocks, as described in this application, before the blocks and geosynthetics are installed.
[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pull-out test system for testing the interfacial strength between geosynthetics and blocks according to an embodiment of this application, when the blocks are not fixed.
[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the first positioning frame of a pull-out test system for testing the interfacial strength of geosynthetics and masonry blocks according to an embodiment of this application;
[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the expansion and contraction of the pull-out test system for testing the interfacial strength of geosynthetics and masonry blocks according to an embodiment of this application.
[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the expansion joint of a pull-out test system for testing the interfacial strength of geosynthetics and masonry blocks according to an embodiment of this application, when it is stretched. Detailed Implementation
[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
[0028] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values of the components described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this application.
[0029] At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to actual scale.
[0030] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the scope of this application and its application or use.
[0031] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the embodiments of this application should have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in the embodiments of this application do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are only used to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.
[0032] like Figure 1 In the pull-out test to measure the interfacial strength between the masonry block 2000 and the geosynthetic material 3000, two masonry blocks 2000 can be stacked one on top of the other, with the geosynthetic material 3000 placed between them. During the test, a vertically downward load F2 is applied to the top of the upper masonry block 2000, and a horizontal pull-out force F1 is applied to the geosynthetic material 3000, and the corresponding test results are obtained.
[0033] In some embodiments, only the lower block 2000 may be fixed. However, when the applied horizontal pull-out force F1 is large, the block 2000, especially the upper block 2000, is likely to move, causing test failure or even damage to the test equipment.
[0034] like Figure 2 In some embodiments, the upper block 2000 and the lower block 2000 can also be unilaterally restricted. For example, when a horizontal pull-out force F1 is applied to the geosynthetic material 3000 to the left, the restriction structure 4000 is only provided on the left side of the upper block 2000 and the left side of the lower block 2000. (It should be noted that...) Figure 2 The two limiting structures 4000 can be connected to each other as a whole (for example, the two limiting structures 4000 can be welded together by steel bars or welded together by vertically set beam structures) to limit the leftward movement of the two blocks 2000. However, when the applied horizontal pull-out force F1 is large, the blocks 2000 may deflect or even detach from the geosynthetic material 3000, which will also cause the test to fail.
[0035] In some embodiments, the blocks 2000 and geosynthetic material 3000 can be placed inside a box to position the blocks 2000. However, since the blocks 2000 come in various sizes with significant dimensional differences, it is difficult to fit a box of a single size to all blocks 2000, making reliable fixation impossible. Preparing a box of a specific size for each block 2000 would also result in excessively high testing costs.
[0036] In view of this, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 This application provides a pull-out test system (hereinafter referred to as the system) for testing the interfacial strength of geosynthetic material 3000 and block 2000, comprising: a fixing unit 100, including a first fixing frame 110, a first positioning frame 120, and a telescopic component 130; the first fixing frame 110 has an internal accommodating space 111, and the first positioning frame 120 and the telescopic component 130 are both located within the accommodating space 111 and connected to the first fixing frame 110; the first positioning frame 120 and the telescopic component 130 are aligned along a first direction (e.g., ...). Figure 1 The first positioning frame 120 is spaced apart in the X direction. A limiting surface 121 for limiting the block 2000 is formed on the side of the first positioning frame 120 near the telescopic component 130. The telescopic component 130 can extend along the first direction to drive the block 2000 located between the first positioning frame 120 and the telescopic component 130 to abut against the limiting surface 121. The pulling unit 200 is spaced apart from the fixing unit 100 along the first direction. The pulling unit 200 includes a clamp 210 for clamping the geosynthetic material 3000. The geosynthetic material 3000 contacts the block 2000, and the clamp 210 can move along the first direction.
[0037] For example, the telescopic assembly 130 may include a telescopic cylinder (e.g., a hydraulic telescopic cylinder, a pneumatic telescopic cylinder, or an electric telescopic cylinder) or a horizontally placed lifting platform, etc.
[0038] For example, the geosynthetic material 3000 can be a sheet or mesh structure, and the clamp 210 can include two openable and closable jaws. Before clamping, the two jaws are separated from each other, and the geosynthetic material 3000 can be placed between the two jaws; then, the two jaws can be driven to move closer to each other until they respectively abut against the geosynthetic material 3000 to form a clamp.
[0039] For example, the pulling unit 200 may include a telescopic cylinder or a linear motor, and the clamp 210 may be connected to the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder or to the slider of the linear motor so that the clamp 210 can move along the first direction.
[0040] like Figure 4Before conducting the pull-out test to test the interface strength between the geosynthetic material 3000 and the block 2000, the expansion joint 130 can be driven to contract so that a relatively sufficient space is formed between the first fixing frame 110 and the expansion joint 130.
[0041] like Figure 5 Then, the masonry block 2000 and the geosynthetic material 3000 in contact with the masonry block 2000 can be placed between the first positioning frame 120 and the expansion joint 130. For example... Figure 5 and Figure 6 The clamp 210 is driven to hold the portion of the geosynthetic material 3000 extending out of the block 2000, and the telescopic assembly 130 is driven to extend along the first direction. During the extension process, the telescopic assembly 130 can push the block 2000 towards the first positioning frame 120 until the block 2000 abuts against the limiting surface 121 of the first positioning frame 120. At this time, the block 2000 is clamped and fixed by the first positioning frame 120 and the telescopic assembly 130 located on its opposite sides. Even if the pulling unit 200 applies a large horizontal pulling force to the geosynthetic material 3000, it will not cause the block 2000 to move or deflect.
[0042] In the system provided in this embodiment, both the first positioning frame 120 and the telescopic component 130 are placed in the receiving space 111 inside the first fixed frame 110 and connected to the first fixed frame 110, so that the first positioning frame 120 and the telescopic component 130 can be reliably fixed in the receiving space 111. For the block 2000 placed between the first positioning frame 120 and the telescopic component 130, the telescopic component 130 can push the block 2000 against the limiting surface 121 of the first positioning frame 120 when it extends. Under the combined action of the first positioning frame 120 and the telescopic component 130, the block 2000 can be reliably fixed in the receiving space 111. When a pull-out force is applied to the geosynthetic material 3000, it can effectively prevent the block 2000 from moving or deflecting, which helps to reduce the failure risk of the pull-out test of the interface strength test between the geosynthetic material 3000 and the block 2000 and improve the accuracy of the test results.
[0043] Meanwhile, since the telescopic component 130 has a certain telescopic range, even if blocks 2000 of different shapes and sizes are placed in the accommodating space 111, the extension amount of the telescopic component 130 can be adjusted to ensure that the blocks 2000 can be pressed against the limiting surface 121. It has a wide range of applications and helps to reduce test costs and operational difficulties.
[0044] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5In some embodiments, the system includes a base 300, the top of which forms a bearing surface 310. The first fixing frame 110 includes a first upright beam 112 and a second upright beam 113 vertically connected to the bearing surface 310. The first upright beam 112 and the second upright beam 113 are spaced apart along a first direction to define an accommodating space 111 between the first upright beam 112 and the second upright beam 113. The first upright beam 112 is located between the second upright beam 113 and the pulling unit 200. The first positioning frame 120 is detachably connected to the first upright beam 112, and the telescopic assembly 130 is detachably connected to the second upright beam 113.
[0045] For example, there may be two first upright beams 112 and two second upright beams 113. The two first upright beams 112 and the two second upright beams 113 are respectively set at the four vertices of the rectangle to define an approximately cubic accommodating space 111.
[0046] For example, the first upright beam 112 and / or the second upright beam 113 can be connected to the bearing surface 310 of the base 300 by means of plugging, snapping, fastening or welding.
[0047] For example, the first positioning frame 120 can be detachably connected to the first upright beam 112 by means of fasteners (e.g., bolts or pins), plugging, or snapping. Similarly, the telescopic assembly 130 can also be detachably connected to the second upright beam 113 by any of the above methods.
[0048] For example, the first fixing frame 110 can serve as the external frame of the fixing unit 100, and its size is fixed. The first positioning frame 120, placed within the receiving space 111, is smaller in size and has lower manufacturing costs; various sizes of the first positioning frame 120 can be prepared according to the different specifications of the blocks 2000. Before testing, a matching first positioning frame 120 can be selected according to the specifications of the blocks 2000, installed into the receiving space 111, and connected to the first upright beam 112.
[0049] Combination Figure 3 It can be understood that the geosynthetic material 3000 needs to extend from the receiving space 111 through the first fixing frame 110 in order to connect with the clamp 210 of the pulling unit 200.
[0050] In this embodiment, a first upright beam 112 is vertically connected to the bearing surface 310 of the base 300. The first upright beam 112 can not only serve as the connecting base of the first positioning frame 120 so that the first positioning frame 120 can be stably and reliably fixed in the accommodating space 111, but also, since the first upright beam 112 can form a structure with a small radial dimension (i.e., the dimension parallel to the bearing surface 310), the geosynthetic material 3000 in the accommodating space 111 can easily bypass the first upright beam 112 and extend out of the accommodating space 111.
[0051] Similarly, the second upright beam 113 can also form a structure with a smaller radial dimension, so that a larger open space can be formed between the first upright beam 112 and the second upright beam 113, which facilitates the assembly and disassembly of the first positioning frame 120 and the telescopic component 130, and also facilitates the placement of the block 2000 and the geosynthetic material 3000 into the accommodating space 111.
[0052] In addition, designing the first fixing frame 110 as a frame structure including the first upright beam 112 and the second upright beam 113 also helps to simplify the structure of the first fixing frame 110 and reduce the manufacturing cost.
[0053] like Figure 4 and Figure 6 In some embodiments, the first positioning frame 120 includes a rectangular frame 122, a base plate 123 connected to the bottom of the rectangular frame 122, a side plate 124 connected to the side of the rectangular frame 122 near the pulling unit 200, the side plate 124 forming a through pulling joint 1241, through which the geosynthetic material 3000 passes through the side plate 124; the rectangular frame 122 and / or the side plate 124 are detachably connected to the first upright beam 112 by a first fastener 125; the rectangular frame 122 and / or the base plate 123 are detachably connected to the base 300 by a second fastener 126.
[0054] For example, the sidewall of the rectangular frame 122 near the telescopic component 130 forms a limiting surface 121.
[0055] For example, the pull-out seam 1241 may include a strip seam extending in a horizontal direction.
[0056] For example, along a third direction (such as...) Figure 6 In the Y direction, the size of the block 2000 is larger than the size of the rectangular frame 122 to ensure that the first positioning frame 120 can provide reliable and stable support for the block 2000.
[0057] For example, the first fastener 125 and / or the second fastener 126 may be a bolt or a pin.
[0058] For example, the rectangular frame 122 has an open frame structure on all four sides except for the bottom and the side near the pulling unit 200.
[0059] For example, the base plate 123, the side plate 124 and the rectangular frame 122 can all be made of metal, and the side plate 124 and the base plate 123 are respectively welded to the rectangular frame 122.
[0060] In this embodiment, the base plate 123 can provide a larger contact area between the first positioning frame 120 and the bearing surface 310, thereby further improving the connection reliability between the first positioning frame 120 and the base 300.
[0061] The geosynthetic material 3000 can enter the rectangular frame 122 from the side away from the pull-out unit 200 and extend out of the first positioning frame 120 through the pull-out slot 1241 on the side plate 124. The geosynthetic material 3000 extending out of the first positioning frame 120 passes around the first upright beam 112 and extends out of the first fixing frame 110. During the test, a portion of the geosynthetic material 3000 may fracture under the pull-out force; this fracture typically occurs near the block 2000. When the geosynthetic material 3000 fractures, the side plate 124 can shield the fracture site to prevent damage to the pull-out unit 200 from the fractured geosynthetic material 3000.
[0062] The first positioning frame 120 is detachably connected to the first fixing frame 110 via the first fastener 125, and is detachably connected to the base 300 via the second fastener 126. This not only ensures that the first positioning frame 120 can be stably fixed in the accommodating space 111, but also simplifies the system structure, reduces the system manufacturing cost, and reduces the difficulty of assembling and disassembling the first positioning frame 120.
[0063] like Figure 6 In some embodiments, multiple pull-out seams 1241 are provided, and the multiple pull-out seams 1241 are spaced apart and parallel to each other.
[0064] For example, the arrangement direction of the plurality of pull joints 1241 is the same as the stacking direction of the blocks 2000.
[0065] For example, multiple pull-out seams 1241 are aligned along their arrangement direction.
[0066] As can be seen from the foregoing, since the blocks 2000 of different specifications have different external dimensions, the relative position between the geosynthetic material 3000 and the side plate 124 will also change with the external dimensions of the blocks 2000. In order to ensure that the geosynthetic material 3000 placed between blocks 2000 of different specifications can pass smoothly through the side plate 124, this embodiment provides multiple pull-out joints 1241. After the blocks 2000 are placed between the first positioning frame 120 and the expansion joint 130, the geosynthetic material 3000 can pass through the expansion joint 130 and the blocks 2000 in sequence, and then pass through the side plate 124 of the first positioning frame 120 through the pull-out joints 1241 of appropriate height.
[0067] like Figure 3 and Figure 6 In some embodiments, the block 2000 is provided with at least two blocks along the second direction on the bearing surface 310 (e.g., Figure 3 The geosynthetic material 3000 is stacked in the Z direction, with the geosynthetic material 3000 placed between two adjacent blocks 2000, and the second direction is perpendicular to the bearing surface 310; the expansion joint 130 corresponds one-to-one with the block 2000.
[0068] For example, the opposing surfaces of two adjacent blocks 2000 can be in a double-sided horizontal form, or they can be provided with a positioning function such as a mating assembly form represented by a mother-child groove type.
[0069] by Figure 3 Taking the structure and orientation shown as an example, after placing the first block 2000 on the bearing surface 310, the telescopic component 130 corresponding to the block 2000 can be driven to extend, so as to push the first block 2000 to abut against the limiting surface 121 of the first positioning frame 120.
[0070] Geosynthetic material 3000 is placed on top of the first block 2000, and the clamp 210 is driven to hold the geosynthetic material 3000. Then, a second block 2000 is placed on top of the geosynthetic material 3000. Similarly, after placing the second block 2000, the telescopic component 130 corresponding to the second block 2000 can be driven to extend, so as to push the second block 2000 to abut against the limiting surface 121 of the first positioning frame 120.
[0071] It should be noted that, as Figure 3 The left side of the geosynthetic material 3000 is clamped by the clamp 210, and the right side extends a certain length from the block 2000 for pull-out displacement. During the pull-out test, even if there is relative movement between the geosynthetic material 3000 and the block 2000, the contact area between the geosynthetic material 3000 and the block 2000 remains unchanged.
[0072] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 In some embodiments, the telescopic assembly 130 includes a rigid chain lifting platform.
[0073] When the telescopic assembly 130 includes a rigid chain lifting platform, the rigid chain lifting platform is laid flat so that it can extend or retract in a first direction.
[0074] For example, the rigid chain lifting platform includes a fixed bracket 131 and a lifting plate 132 spaced apart. The fixed bracket 131 can be connected to the second upright beam 113 by bolts, and the lifting plate 132 is used to push the block 2000. A first fixing block 137 is connected above the side of the fixed bracket 131 facing the lifting plate 132, and a first slide rail 135a is connected below it. The first slide rail 135a is slidably connected to a first slider 135b. A second fixing block 138 is connected above the side of the lifting plate 132 facing the fixed bracket 131, and a second slide rail 136a is connected below it. The second slide rail 136a is slidably connected to a second slider 136b. Two sets of cross arms 134 (intervals along a third direction) are connected between the fixed bracket 131 and the lifting plate 132. Each set of cross arms 134 includes two mutually hinged (hinged via pins) rotating arms 1341 intersecting in an X-shape. One end of one rotating arm 1341 is hinged to the first fixed block 137, and the other end is hinged to the second slider 136b; one end of the other rotating arm 1341 is hinged to the second fixed block 138, and the other end is hinged to the first slider 135b. A chain column telescopic box 139a and a drive motor 139b for driving the chain column telescopic box 139a are also connected to the side of the fixed bracket 131 facing the lifting plate 132. The chain column telescopic box 139a is connected to a rigid chain column 133, and the end of the rigid chain column 133 is connected to the lifting plate 132. Figure 8 Driven by the drive motor 139b, the rigid chain column 133 can extend from the chain column telescopic box 139a to drive the lifting plate 132 away from the fixed bracket 131, thus extending the telescopic assembly 130; or, as Figure 7 Driven in the opposite direction by the drive motor 139b, the rigid chain column 133 can be retracted into the chain column telescopic box 139a, thereby driving the lifting plate 132 to approach the fixed bracket 131, and the telescopic component 130 retracts.
[0075] For example, the chain link telescopic box 139a and the drive motor 139b can be welded to the fixed bracket 131.
[0076] For example, both ends of the first slide rail 135a are connected to limit blocks 135c, and both ends of the second slide rail 136a are connected to limit blocks 135c.
[0077] Compared to hydraulic or pneumatic telescopic cylinders, the rigid chain lifting platform has a larger telescopic stroke, making it suitable for various sizes of blocks 2000. Furthermore, the movement of the lifting plate 132 can be controlled via a drive motor 139b, resulting in a simple structure and convenient operation.
[0078] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 In some embodiments, the first fixing frame 110 further includes a top beam 114 disposed above the telescopic assembly 130, the top beam 114 being connected to the first upright beam 112 and the second upright beam 113 respectively; the system also includes a loading assembly 400 located in the receiving space 111, the loading assembly 400 being connected to the top beam 114, the loading assembly 400 being able to extend downward in a second direction and compress the block 2000.
[0079] For example, the top beam 114 can be welded to the first upright beam 112 and the second upright beam 113 to form a frame structure. Compared with the pull-out box, the constraint system made of angle steel, or the constraint system made of steel bars, the first fixing member 110 in this embodiment can provide more reliable support for the first positioning frame 120 and the telescopic component 130. It can be applied to pull-out tests under larger loads, has better applicability, and also helps to ensure the accuracy of test results.
[0080] For example, there may be two top beams 114, which are parallel to each other and spaced apart along a third direction, and other beam structures may be connected between the two top beams 114.
[0081] For example, the limiting surface 121 and the surface of the telescopic component 130 that are in contact with the block 2000 are both connected with a smooth sliding layer, so that the block 2000 can still move in the second direction under the compression of the loading component 400 after it is pressed against the limiting surface 121.
[0082] After the block 2000 is pushed by the telescopic component 130 and pressed against the limiting surface 121, the loading component 400 can be driven to extend downward and squeeze the block 2000 to apply a preset vertical load to the block 2000 according to the test requirements. After the vertical load is stabilized, the pull-out unit 200 is driven to apply a pull-out force to the geosynthetic material 3000.
[0083] It should be noted that the top beam 114 can provide a connection foundation for the loading component 400 on the one hand, and provide tension to the first upright beam 112 and the second upright beam 113 on the other hand, so as to keep the first upright beam 112 and the second upright beam 113 in a vertical state, further improving the fixing reliability of the first positioning frame 120 and the telescopic component 130 to the block 2000, and preventing the block 2000 from moving or deflecting when the geosynthetic material 3000 is subjected to a large pull-out force.
[0084] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 In some embodiments, the loading component 400 includes a first hydraulic telescopic cylinder 410, the end of the piston rod of the first hydraulic telescopic cylinder 410 is connected to a pressure plate 420, and the bottom of the pressure plate 420 is provided with an anti-slip layer 430.
[0085] For example, the surface of the anti-slip layer 430 that comes into contact with the block 2000 is relatively rough or has an uneven structure, so that the anti-slip layer 430 has a better anti-slip effect.
[0086] For example, the anti-slip layer 430 can be pre-applied and bonded to the bottom of the pressure plate 420.
[0087] When the piston rod of the first hydraulic telescopic cylinder 410 extends downward, it can drive the pressure plate 420 to move downward to compress the block 2000. When the piston rod of the first hydraulic telescopic cylinder 410 retracts upward, it can drive the pressure plate 420 to move upward to separate from the block 2000.
[0088] The anti-slip layer 430 can effectively increase the friction between the block 2000 and the pressure plate 420, ensuring that the vertical load applied by the loading component 400 to the block 2000 is more stable and uniform during the pull-out test.
[0089] like Figure 3 In some embodiments, the pulling unit 200 further includes a second hydraulic telescopic cylinder 220, and the clamp 210 is connected to the piston rod of the second hydraulic telescopic cylinder 220 via a pulling pin 230.
[0090] For example, clamp 210 can be fitted onto the piston rod of second hydraulic telescopic cylinder 220, and pull pin 230 can pass through clamp 210 and piston rod of second hydraulic telescopic cylinder 220 to connect the two.
[0091] by Figure 3 Taking the structure and orientation shown as an example, when the piston rod of the second hydraulic telescopic cylinder 220 retracts to the left, it can drive the clamp 210 to move to the left, so as to apply a pull-out force to the geosynthetic material 3000 held by the clamp 210 and complete the pull-out test.
[0092] By connecting the clamp 210 and the piston rod of the second hydraulic telescopic cylinder 220 via the pull pin 230, the assembly and disassembly of the clamp 210 and the piston rod of the second hydraulic telescopic cylinder 220 can be facilitated. It is possible to first clamp and connect the clamp 210 to the geosynthetic material 3000, and then connect the clamp 210 to the piston rod of the second hydraulic telescopic cylinder 220.
[0093] like Figure 3In some embodiments, the system further includes a hydraulic medium control component 500, which is connected to the base 300; the hydraulic medium control component 500 is connected to the first hydraulic telescopic cylinder 410 and the second hydraulic telescopic cylinder 220 respectively through pipelines.
[0094] For example, the hydraulic medium control component 500 can be connected to the base 300 by means of welding, snap-fitting or fastener connection.
[0095] For example, the hydraulic medium control component 500 may store hydraulic oil or be connected to a hydraulic oil source, and the hydraulic medium control component 500 may pressurize the hydraulic oil to deliver hydraulic oil to the outside.
[0096] The hydraulic medium control component 500 can control the extension or retraction of the piston rod of the first hydraulic telescopic cylinder 410 by supplying hydraulic oil to the first hydraulic telescopic cylinder 410, thereby controlling the pressure plate 420 to press down on the block 2000 or separate from the block 2000. Similarly, the hydraulic medium control component 500 can control the extension or retraction of the piston rod of the second hydraulic telescopic cylinder 220 by supplying hydraulic oil to the second hydraulic telescopic cylinder 220, thereby controlling the pulling unit 200 to apply a pulling force to the geosynthetic material 3000 or to release the geosynthetic material 3000.
[0097] It should be noted that some embodiments of this application have been described above. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims.
[0098] The various embodiments in this application are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.
[0099] The description in this application is given for illustrative purposes and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the application to the forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described to better illustrate the principles and practical application of this application and to enable those skilled in the art to understand this application and design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for a particular purpose.
[0100] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of this application is limited to these examples; under the concept of this application, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of different aspects of the embodiments of this application as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity.
[0101] Although this application has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, many substitutions, modifications and variations of these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description.
[0102] The embodiments of this application are intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications, and variations that fall within the broad scope of this application. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the embodiments of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. A pull-out test system for testing the interfacial strength of geosynthetics and masonry blocks, characterized in that, include: A fixing unit includes a first fixing frame, a first positioning frame, and a telescopic assembly; the first fixing frame has an internal accommodating space, the first positioning frame and the telescopic assembly are both located in the accommodating space and connected to the first fixing frame; the first positioning frame and the telescopic assembly are spaced apart along a first direction, the first positioning frame has a limiting surface for limiting the block on the side near the telescopic assembly, and the telescopic assembly can extend along the first direction to drive the block located between the first positioning frame and the telescopic assembly to abut against the limiting surface; A pulling unit is provided at intervals from the fixing unit along the first direction. The pulling unit includes a clamp for holding the geosynthetic material, the geosynthetic material is in contact with the block, and the clamp is movable along the first direction.
2. The pull-out test system for testing the interfacial strength of geosynthetics and masonry blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system includes a base, the top of which has a bearing surface. The first fixing frame includes a first upright beam and a second upright beam vertically connected to the bearing surface. The first upright beam and the second upright beam are spaced apart along the first direction to define the accommodating space between the first upright beam and the second upright beam. The first vertical beam is located between the second vertical beam and the pulling unit; The first positioning frame is detachably connected to the first upright beam, and the telescopic component is detachably connected to the second upright beam.
3. The pull-out test system for testing the interfacial strength of geosynthetics and masonry blocks according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first positioning frame includes a rectangular frame, a bottom plate is connected to the bottom of the rectangular frame, and a side plate is connected to the side of the rectangular frame near the pull-out unit. The side plate forms a through pull-out joint, and the geosynthetic material passes through the side plate through the pull-out joint. The rectangular frame and / or the side plate are detachably connected to the first upright beam by a first fastener; The rectangular frame and / or the base plate are detachably connected to the base via a second fastener.
4. The pull-out test system for testing the interfacial strength of geosynthetics and masonry blocks according to claim 3, characterized in that, The drawing seams are provided in multiple ways, and the multiple drawing seams are spaced apart and parallel to each other.
5. The pull-out test system for testing the interfacial strength of geosynthetics and masonry blocks according to claim 2, characterized in that, The masonry blocks are provided in at least two and are stacked on the bearing surface along the second direction, and the geosynthetic material is provided between two adjacent masonry blocks, with the second direction perpendicular to the bearing surface; The telescopic components correspond one-to-one with the blocks.
6. The pull-out test system for testing the interfacial strength of geosynthetics and masonry blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The telescopic assembly includes a rigid chain lifting platform.
7. The pull-out test system for testing the interfacial strength of geosynthetics and masonry blocks according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first fixing frame further includes a top beam disposed above the telescopic component, the top beam being connected to the first upright beam and the second upright beam respectively; the system further includes a loading component located within the receiving space, the loading component being connected to the top beam, the loading component being capable of extending downward in a second direction and compressing the block.
8. The pull-out test system for testing the interfacial strength of geosynthetics and masonry blocks according to claim 7, characterized in that, The loading component includes a first hydraulic telescopic cylinder, the end of the piston rod of the first hydraulic telescopic cylinder is connected to a pressure plate, and the bottom of the pressure plate is provided with an anti-slip layer.
9. The pull-out test system for testing the interfacial strength of geosynthetics and masonry blocks according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pulling unit also includes a second hydraulic telescopic cylinder, and the clamp is connected to the piston rod of the second hydraulic telescopic cylinder via a pulling pin.
10. The pull-out test system for testing the interfacial strength of geosynthetics and masonry blocks according to claim 9, characterized in that, The system also includes a loading component and a hydraulic medium control component. The loading component includes a first hydraulic telescopic cylinder, and the hydraulic medium control component is connected to the base. The hydraulic medium control component is connected to the first hydraulic telescopic cylinder and the second hydraulic telescopic cylinder respectively via pipelines.