Antenna structure for realizing dual-frequency transmission and communication equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides an antenna structure for realizing dual-frequency transmission and communication equipment, which is provided with a dielectric substrate, a top surface metal layer fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, an antenna composite array arranged in the top surface metal layer, four groups of antenna sub-arrays arranged in the antenna composite array, four groups of antenna basic units arranged in the antenna sub-arrays, a first gap is arranged between adjacent antenna sub-arrays, a second gap is arranged between adjacent antenna basic units, first resonant loop lines are arranged in the circumferential direction of the antenna sub-arrays, third gaps are arranged between the boundaries of the antenna sub-arrays and the corresponding first resonant loop lines, and second resonant loop lines are arranged in the circumferential direction of the antenna composite array. And a fourth gap is formed between the first resonance loop line and the second resonance loop line. According to the utility model, the combination of the antenna sub-arrays and the corresponding first resonant loop lines is used for exciting signal resonance aiming at a 5G frequency band, and the combination of the antenna composite array and the second resonant loop lines is used for exciting signal resonance aiming at a 2G frequency band.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to wireless communication technical field especially relates to a kind of antenna structure and communication equipment for realizing double-frequency transmission. BACKGROUND

[0002] The antenna structure of double-frequency transmission refers to the electromagnetic wave in two specific frequency bands, supporting the penetration and propagation function of corresponding frequency range. But in prior art, the traditional antenna structure can only realize single-band or wide-band coverage, it is difficult to realize double-frequency transmission function, and the horizontal plane direction radiation efficiency of traditional antenna structure is low, which limits the signal coverage range, and the electromagnetic wave interference of non-working frequency band is difficult to effectively suppress, resulting in poor out-of-band rejection performance, in addition, multi-band function often needs hardware structure to involve multi-level or multi-component design, resulting in complex antenna device structure, increasing the manufacturing cost and debugging difficulty of antenna. SUMMARY

[0003] The utility model provides a kind of antenna structure and communication equipment for realizing double-frequency transmission, to solve the technical problem that conventional antenna structure cannot efficiently realize double-frequency transmission function in prior art.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the technical scheme of the utility model is: an antenna structure for realizing double-frequency transmission, comprising:

[0005] Dielectric substrate;

[0006] Top surface metal layer, the top surface metal layer is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate;

[0007] Antenna composite array is arranged in the top surface metal layer, four groups of antenna subarrays arranged in matrix grid form are arranged in the antenna composite array, and four groups of antenna basic units arranged in matrix grid form are arranged in any antenna subarray;

[0008] First gap is arranged between adjacent antenna subarrays, and second gap is arranged between adjacent antenna basic units in any antenna subarray;

[0009] First resonant ring line is arranged around any antenna subarray, and third gap is arranged between the boundary of any antenna subarray and corresponding first resonant ring line;

[0010] Second resonant ring line is arranged around the antenna composite array, and fourth gap is arranged between any first resonant ring line and the second resonant ring line;

[0011] The combination of any of the antenna subarrays with the corresponding first resonant loop is used to excite signal resonance for the first frequency band, and the combination of the antenna composite array with the second resonant loop is used to excite signal resonance for the second frequency band.

[0012] Preferably, an antenna structure for achieving dual-frequency transmission further includes a bottom metal layer, which is fixedly disposed on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate. The top metal layer and the bottom metal layer are respectively provided with the antenna composite array of the same structure, and the top metal layer and the bottom metal layer are symmetrically arranged in the vertical direction.

[0013] Preferably, the top metal layer and the bottom metal layer are respectively provided with a plurality of antenna composite arrays with the same structure;

[0014] Several of the antenna composite arrays are arranged in a matrix grid to form an antenna metasurface extending in the horizontal direction, and the boundaries of the second resonant loops of adjacent antenna composite arrays are aligned and fitted.

[0015] Preferably, the range of the first frequency band is defined as 5.1-5.9 GHz, and the range of the second frequency band is defined as 2.4-2.5 GHz.

[0016] Preferably, the dielectric substrate is made of FR-4 board material, the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate is defined as 4.4, and the thickness of the dielectric substrate is 0.8-1.6 mm.

[0017] Preferably, the top metal layer and the bottom metal layer are formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric substrate by an etching process.

[0018] Preferably, the side length of the antenna basic unit is defined as 5.34 mm, the distance of the second gap is 0.35 mm, and the distance of the third gap is 1.00 mm.

[0019] Preferably, the distance of the first gap is defined as 3.62 mm.

[0020] Preferably, the side length of the first resonant loop is defined as 13.71 mm, and the line width of the first resonant loop is defined as 0.335 mm; the side length of the second resonant loop is defined as 30.99 mm, and the line width of the second resonant loop is defined as 1.00 mm; the distance of the fourth gap is defined as 0.32 mm.

[0021] Based on the same concept, this utility model also provides a communication device, including an antenna structure as described in any one of the above for realizing dual-frequency transmission, for realizing the transmission function of dual-frequency signals.

[0022] Because of the adoption of the above technical solution, this utility model has the following advantages and positive effects compared with the prior art:

[0023] This invention provides an antenna structure and communication device for achieving dual-frequency transmission. An antenna subarray is established from basic antenna units, and then a composite antenna array is built from the subarrays. A first resonant loop is arranged circumferentially in the antenna subarrays, and a second resonant loop is arranged circumferentially in the composite antenna array. This enables the antenna structure to achieve dual-frequency transmission, exhibiting high transmittance and low reflection loss in the 2G (2.4-2.5 GHz) and 5G (5.1-5.9 GHz) frequency bands. Furthermore, the transmittance drops sharply in non-operating frequency bands, effectively reducing interference from signals in those bands. Simultaneously, the hardware composition of the antenna structure involves only a single-layer dielectric substrate and one or both sides of a metal layer, eliminating the need for complex multi-layer stacking technology and effectively reducing the processing cost. Moreover, several identical composite antenna arrays can be arranged in a matrix grid to form a horizontally extending antenna metasurface, improving the dual-frequency transmission performance gain of the antenna structure by ≥3 dB. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Fig. 1 This utility model provides a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna composite array;

[0025] Fig. 2 This utility model provides a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna metasurface;

[0026] Fig. 3 This invention provides a schematic diagram of the S-parameter simulation curves for the antenna structure.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1: Antenna composite array; 2: Antenna subarray; 3: Antenna basic unit; 4: First resonant loop; 5: Second resonant loop; 6: First gap; 7: Second gap; 8: Third gap; 9: Fourth gap; 10: Antenna metasurface. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, provides an antenna structure and communication device for achieving dual-frequency transmission according to the present invention. The advantages and features of the present invention will become clearer from the following description and claims.

[0029] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of this application are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0030] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this application is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. In the description of this application, "multiple sets" means at least two sets, such as two sets, three sets, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0031] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, a physical connection, or a wireless communication connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two elements or the interaction between two elements, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0032] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of this application can be combined with each other, but only if they are based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this application.

[0033] First Embodiment

[0034] See Figs. 1-3 This embodiment provides an antenna structure for achieving dual-frequency transmission, the main structure of which includes a dielectric substrate and a top metal layer.

[0035] The top metal layer is fixed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate and is used to receive and transmit signals.

[0036] An antenna composite array 1 is provided in the top metal layer. The antenna composite array 1 has four sets of antenna sub-arrays 2 arranged in a matrix grid and with identical shapes and structures. Each antenna sub-array 2 further has four sets of antenna basic units 3 arranged in a matrix grid and with identical shapes and structures.

[0037] In this embodiment, the basic antenna element 3 can be understood as a square metal patch. The matrix grid form refers to the arrangement with a fixed spacing and the same number of elements in the x-axis and y-axis directions, respectively. Therefore, the 2×2 antenna subarray 2 composed of four groups of basic antenna elements 3, and the 2×2 antenna composite array 1 composed of four groups of antenna subarrays 2, can both be understood as square structures from a macroscopic perspective.

[0038] Among them, a first gap 6 is provided between adjacent antenna subarrays 2, and a second gap 7 is provided between adjacent antenna basic elements 3 in any antenna subarray 2.

[0039] Each antenna subarray 2 is provided with a first resonant loop 4 around its circumference, and a third gap 8 is provided between the boundary of each antenna subarray 2 and the corresponding first resonant loop 4.

[0040] The antenna composite array 1 is provided with a second resonant loop 5 in the circumference, and a fourth gap 9 is provided between any first resonant loop 4 and the second resonant loop 5.

[0041] In this embodiment, the first resonant loop 4 and the second resonant loop 5 can be understood as hollow metal frame patches with a square structure.

[0042] According to electromagnetic wave propagation theory, the two-dimensional dimensions of the metal layer in an antenna structure are inversely proportional to the resonant frequency. In this embodiment, the basic antenna unit 3 serves as the smallest structural unit. Four groups of basic antenna units 3 form a sub-array 2, and the sub-array 2 is circumferentially surrounded by a first resonant loop 4. Any combination of the sub-array 2 and the corresponding first resonant loop 4 can be used to excite signal resonance for the first frequency band (high frequency). The first resonant loop 4 enhances the high-frequency resonance characteristics of the sub-array 2. The first gap 6 and the second gap 7 ensure that there is no interference between adjacent sub-arrays 2 and adjacent basic antenna units 3, while simultaneously enhancing electromagnetic coupling.

[0043] Furthermore, the four antenna subarrays 2 form an antenna composite array 1, and the antenna composite array 1 is circumferentially surrounded by a second resonant loop 5. The overall size of the antenna composite array 1 is larger than that of a single antenna subarray 2, so it can excite resonance at a lower frequency. The combination of the antenna composite array 1 and the second resonant loop 5 can be used to excite signal resonance for the second frequency band (low frequency), wherein the second resonant loop 5 is used to enhance the low-frequency resonance characteristics of the antenna composite array 1.

[0044] In summary, this embodiment provides an antenna structure for achieving dual-frequency transmission. An antenna subarray 2 is built from the basic antenna unit 3, and then an antenna composite array 1 is built from the antenna subarray 2. Through the multi-layered structure, the antenna can achieve efficient resonance in two different frequency bands, thus satisfying the dual-frequency transmission function. Moreover, the structure of the antenna composite array 1 is further built on the basis of the basic antenna unit 3 and the antenna subarray 2, which simplifies the overall structure of the antenna, avoids complex design and assembly processes, and thus improves manufacturing efficiency and reduces production costs.

[0045] The specific structure and function of the antenna structure for achieving dual-frequency transmission provided in this embodiment will be further described in detail below:

[0046] Preferably, in one embodiment, an antenna structure for achieving dual-frequency transmission further includes a bottom metal layer, which is fixedly disposed on the lower surface of a dielectric substrate. The top and bottom metal layers are respectively provided with antenna composite arrays 1 of the same structure, and the top and bottom metal layers are symmetrically arranged in the vertical direction, thereby improving the bidirectional transmission performance of the antenna structure for electromagnetic waves.

[0047] Preferred options, see Fig. 2 In one embodiment, a plurality of antenna composite arrays 1 with the same structure are respectively provided in the top metal layer and the bottom metal layer. The plurality of antenna composite arrays 1 are arranged in a matrix grid to form an antenna metasurface 10 extending in the horizontal direction, and the boundaries of the second resonant loops 5 of adjacent antenna composite arrays 1 are aligned and fitted.

[0048] In this embodiment, by constructing the antenna metasurface 10, the ability to control electromagnetic waves over a large area can be improved, and the gain of the dual-frequency transmission performance of the antenna structure can be increased by ≥3 dB.

[0049] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first frequency band ranges from 2.4 to 2.5 GHz, and the second frequency band ranges from 5.1 to 5.9 GHz.

[0050] Preferably, in this embodiment, the dielectric substrate is made of FR-4 board material, and the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate is limited to 4.4, and the thickness of the dielectric substrate is 0.8-1.6mm. The dielectric substrate can provide physical support for the metal layer and maintain the stability of the antenna structure. At the same time, the dielectric constant and thickness of the dielectric substrate determine the propagation speed, wavelength and radiation characteristics of electromagnetic waves in it. By limiting the dielectric constant and thickness parameters of the dielectric substrate, the target resonant frequency of the antenna and the energy loss of the signal during transmission can be further optimized and adjusted.

[0051] Preferably, in one embodiment, a top metal layer and a bottom metal layer are formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric substrate by an etching process. The etching process can accurately fabricate complex metal structures (such as patches, gaps, resonant loops, etc.) on the dielectric substrate, meeting the strict requirements of antenna structure fabrication, reducing electromagnetic wave scattering or loss caused by the surface roughness of the metal layer, and ensuring the performance stability of the antenna structure.

[0052] Specifically, in one embodiment, the side length of the antenna basic unit 3 is set to 5.34 mm, the distance of the second gap 7 between adjacent antenna basic units 3 in any antenna subarray 2 is set to 0.35 mm, and the distance of the third gap 8 between the boundary of any antenna subarray 2 and the corresponding first resonant loop 4 is set to 1.00 mm.

[0053] The distance of the first gap 6 between adjacent antenna subarrays 2 is set to 3.62 mm.

[0054] The side length of the first resonant loop 4 is set to 13.71 mm, and the linewidth of the first resonant loop 4 is set to 0.335 mm. The side length of the second resonant loop 5 is set to 30.99 mm, and the linewidth of the second resonant loop 5 is set to 1.00 mm. The distance of the fourth gap 9 between any first resonant loop 4 and second resonant loop 5 is 0.32 mm.

[0055] See Fig. 3 Based on the S-parameter simulation curves of the antenna structure, it can be seen that in this embodiment, by limiting the shape and size design of the antenna structure, the antenna structure can achieve high transmittance (S21>-0.5 dB) in the 2G (2.4-2.5 GHz) and 5G (5.1-5.9 GHz) frequency bands, while the reflection loss (S11<-15 dB) is significantly reduced. At the same time, the transmittance of the antenna structure drops sharply in the non-operating frequency band (such as 2.5-3.3 GHz) (S21<-20 dB), that is, the antenna structure has excellent out-of-band rejection function, which can significantly reduce the interference of signals in the non-operating frequency band.

[0056] In summary, this embodiment provides an antenna structure for achieving dual-band transmission. An antenna subarray 2 is established from the basic antenna unit 3, and then an antenna composite array 1 is established from the antenna subarray 2. A first resonant loop 4 is arranged circumferentially on the antenna subarray 2, and a second resonant loop 5 is arranged circumferentially on the antenna composite array 1. This enables the antenna structure to achieve dual-band transmission, realizing high transmittance and low reflection loss in the 2G (2.4-2.5 GHz) and 5G (5.1-5.9 GHz) frequency bands. Furthermore, the transmittance drops sharply in the non-operating frequency band, effectively reducing interference from signals in the non-operating frequency band. Simultaneously, the hardware composition of the antenna structure only involves a single-layer dielectric substrate and one or both sides of a metal layer, eliminating the need for complex multi-layer stacking technology and effectively reducing the processing cost of the antenna structure. In addition, several identical antenna composite arrays 1 can be arranged in a matrix grid to form an antenna metasurface 10 extending horizontally, improving the dual-band transmission performance gain of the antenna structure by ≥3 dB.

[0057] Second Embodiment

[0058] Based on the same concept, this embodiment also provides a communication device, including an antenna structure for realizing dual-frequency transmission as described in any one of the first embodiments, for realizing the transmission function of dual-frequency signals.

[0059] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Even if various changes are made to the present invention, if these changes fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, they shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An antenna structure for achieving dual-frequency transmission, characterized in that, include: Dielectric substrate; A top metal layer, which is fixedly disposed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate; The top metal layer is provided with an antenna composite array, which is provided with four antenna sub-arrays arranged in a matrix grid, and each of the antenna sub-arrays is provided with four antenna basic units arranged in a matrix grid. A first gap is provided between adjacent antenna subarrays, and a second gap is provided between adjacent antenna basic elements in any antenna subarray; Each of the antenna subarrays is provided with a first resonant loop in the circumferential direction, and a third gap is provided between the boundary of each of the antenna subarrays and the corresponding first resonant loop; The antenna composite array is provided with a second resonant loop in the circumferential direction, and a fourth gap is provided between any of the first resonant loops and the second resonant loops; The combination of any of the antenna subarrays with the corresponding first resonant loop is used to excite signal resonance for the first frequency band, and the combination of the antenna composite array with the second resonant loop is used to excite signal resonance for the second frequency band.

2. The antenna structure for achieving dual-frequency transmission as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a bottom metal layer, which is fixedly disposed on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate. The top metal layer and the bottom metal layer are respectively provided with the antenna composite array with the same structure, and the top metal layer and the bottom metal layer are symmetrically arranged in the vertical direction.

3. The antenna structure for achieving dual-frequency transmission as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The top metal layer and the bottom metal layer are respectively provided with a plurality of antenna composite arrays with the same structure; Several of the antenna composite arrays are arranged in a matrix grid to form an antenna metasurface extending in the horizontal direction, and the boundaries of the second resonant loops of adjacent antenna composite arrays are aligned and fitted.

4. The antenna structure for achieving dual-frequency transmission as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first frequency band is defined as 5.1-5.9 GHz, and the second frequency band is defined as 2.4-2.5 GHz.

5. The antenna structure for achieving dual-frequency transmission as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The dielectric substrate is made of FR-4 material, and the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate is defined as 4.4, and the thickness of the dielectric substrate is 0.8-1.6 mm.

6. The antenna structure for achieving dual-frequency transmission as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The dielectric substrate has the top metal layer and the bottom metal layer formed on its upper and lower surfaces by an etching process.

7. The antenna structure for achieving dual-frequency transmission as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The side length of the basic antenna unit is defined as 5.34 mm, the distance of the second gap is 0.35 mm, and the distance of the third gap is 1.00 mm.

8. The antenna structure for achieving dual-frequency transmission as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The distance of the first gap is defined as 3.62 mm.

9. The antenna structure for achieving dual-frequency transmission as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The side length of the first resonant loop is defined as 13.71 mm, and the line width of the first resonant loop is defined as 0.335 mm; the side length of the second resonant loop is defined as 30.99 mm, and the line width of the second resonant loop is defined as 1.00 mm; the distance of the fourth gap is defined as 0.32 mm.

10. A communication device, characterized in that, Includes an antenna structure for achieving dual-frequency transmission as described in any one of claims 1-9, for achieving the transmission function of dual-frequency signals.

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