Activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification adsorption tower
By installing a gas distribution device and a bypass flue in the storage silo, the purified flue gas is used to preheat the activated carbon, which solves the problem of slow heating of activated carbon, improves denitrification efficiency and safety, and achieves uniform heating.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-10
AI Technical Summary
The existing activated carbon countercurrent adsorption towers lack a preheating process, which results in slow temperature rise after the activated carbon enters the denitrification zone, leading to low denitrification efficiency and failing to meet the requirements of the denitrification reaction.
A gas distribution device and a bypass flue are installed in the storage silo. The purified flue gas is used to preheat the activated carbon. Part of the purified flue gas is introduced through the bypass flue to heat the activated carbon in the silo, and uniform heating is achieved through the gas distribution device. The preheating temperature is adjusted by a temperature sensor to avoid hot spot problems.
This method enables activated carbon to quickly reach the denitrification reaction temperature, improves denitrification efficiency, ensures the safety and uniformity of the preheating process, and avoids uneven heating.
Smart Images
Figure CN224100340U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to active carbon purification flue gas technical field, concretely relates to a kind of active carbon desulfurization and denitrification adsorption tower. BACKGROUND
[0002] Sintered pellets produce flue gas containing sulfur oxide compounds (SO X ) and nitrogen oxide compounds (NO X ) in production process, and such compounds are harmful pollutants, which need to be treated by desulfurization and denitrification before being discharged. In the current widely used countercurrent active carbon desulfurization and denitrification integrated technology, the adsorption tower adopts a vertical structure, and a desulfurization bed and a denitrification bed are sequentially arranged in the tower from bottom to top. The specific process is as follows: active carbon enters a storage bin at the top of the adsorption tower, sequentially enters a denitrification zone and a desulfurization zone through a discharge valve, is discharged from the bottom of the tower after adsorbing pollutants, and is transported to the storage bin at the top of the adsorption tower after being desorbed in a regeneration tower. The flue gas to be treated enters the tower from the bottom, sequentially passes through the desulfurization zone and the denitrification zone, and is discharged from the top of the tower after being purified. Although the existing technology realizes the integration of flue gas desulfurization and denitrification, it still has the following disadvantages: the temperature of the regenerated active carbon drops to 60-70℃, and the active carbon needs to be quickly heated to 120-150℃ when entering the denitrification zone to realize efficient denitrification reaction. However, the existing storage bin lacks preheating design, and the active carbon is slowly heated after entering the denitrification zone, which significantly reduces the denitrification efficiency. Even some existing technologies use heating means to preheat the active carbon in the storage bin, but the contact mode between the heat transfer medium and the active carbon is single, and the heat transfer area is insufficient, which cannot meet the preheating speed required by the denitrification reaction. SUMMARY
[0003] The utility model aims at providing a kind of active carbon desulfurization and denitrification adsorption tower, solve the active carbon of the existing active carbon countercurrent adsorption tower lack preheating procedure, make it slowly heated after entering denitrification zone, which significantly reduces the denitrification efficiency, cannot meet the technical problem of denitrification reaction requirement.
[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme:
[0005] The utility model relates to a kind of activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification adsorption tower, including tower body, adsorption unit area is equipped inside the tower body, the adsorption unit area includes and is sequentially arranged from bottom to top desulfurization zone and denitration zone, the lower part of the desulfurization zone is equipped with first air inlet pipe, the upper part of the denitration zone is equipped with first exhaust branch pipe;The top of the tower body outside is equipped with storage bin, the bottom of the storage bin is equipped with a plurality of discharge valves, to make the storage bin with the denitration zone communication, the lower part of the storage bin is equipped with side branch air inlet pipe and second air inlet pipe respectively, the import end of the side branch air inlet pipe is communicated with the first exhaust branch pipe, the side branch valve is equipped on the side branch air inlet pipe, the upper part of the storage bin is equipped with second exhaust branch pipe, gas distribution device is equipped in the storage bin, the outlet end of the side branch air inlet pipe is communicated with the first air inlet of the gas distribution device, the outlet end of the second air inlet pipe is communicated with the second air inlet of the gas distribution device.
[0006] As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model, the top of the storage bin is equipped with feeding pipe.
[0007] As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model, the inner wall of the storage bin is coated with high-thermal-conductivity coating.
[0008] As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model, the bottom of the desulfurization zone is equipped with discharge port.
[0009] As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model, at least three first temperature sensors are arranged in the storage bin, and are arranged at upper, middle and lower positions of the storage bin respectively;Second temperature sensor is arranged in the denitration zone.
[0010] As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model, the outlet end of the first exhaust branch pipe and the outlet end of the second exhaust branch pipe are both communicated to an exhaust main pipe, and the outlet end of the exhaust main pipe is communicated to a chimney.
[0011] As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model, the gas distribution device includes first distribution pipe and a plurality of annular second distribution pipes, the first distribution pipe is vertically arranged on the longitudinal center axis of the storage bin, a plurality of the second distribution pipes are equidistantly arranged along the length direction of the first distribution pipe on its circumferential side, a plurality of distribution branch pipes are communicated between the first distribution pipe and the second distribution pipe, the first air inlet and the second air inlet are arranged on the first distribution pipe or the second distribution pipe.
[0012] As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model, the gas distribution device comprises a first distribution pipe and a second distribution pipe, the first distribution pipe is vertically arranged on a longitudinal center axis of the storage bin, the second distribution pipe is spirally arranged on a circumferential side of the first distribution pipe at equal intervals, a plurality of distribution branch pipes are in communication between the first distribution pipe and the second distribution pipe, and the first gas inlet and the second gas inlet are arranged on the first distribution pipe or the second distribution pipe.
[0013] As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model, the first distribution pipe, the second distribution pipe and the distribution branch pipe are uniformly provided with air holes, and the air holes are provided with screens.
[0014] As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model, at least two parallel adsorption unit zones are arranged in the tower body.
[0015] According to the above technical scheme, the utility model provides a kind of activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification adsorption tower, and compared with prior art, it has the following beneficial effects:
[0016] (1) by introducing part of purified flue gas into the side flue to heat the activated carbon in the bin, the activated carbon can quickly reach the denitrification reaction temperature after entering the denitrification zone, and the denitrification efficiency is improved.
[0017] (2) by adjusting the opening degree of the side flue valve, the preheating temperature can be adjusted to avoid hot spot problems.
[0018] (3) use the waste heat of purified flue gas to heat the activated carbon, and the flue gas temperature will not exceed the adsorption zone temperature, so the activated carbon in the preheating bin is safer.
[0019] (4) by setting a gas distribution device in the storage bin, the flue gas entering it can uniformly heat the activated carbon, avoiding uneven heating of the activated carbon.
[0020] It should be understood that all combinations of the foregoing concepts and additional concepts described in greater detail below can be seen as part of the utility model subject matter of the present disclosure as long as such concepts are not mutually contradictory.
[0021] The foregoing and other aspects, embodiments and features of the present teachings can be more fully understood from the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Other aspects, features, and / or advantages of the utility model will become apparent from the description that follows, especially when taken in conjunction with the drawings. Embodiments of the present teachings will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0022] The accompanying drawings are not drawn to scale. In the drawings, each same or approximately same component illustrated in each drawing can be designated by the same reference numeral. For the sake of clarity, not every component can be labeled in every drawing. Embodiments of various aspects of the present application will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
[0023] Figure 1 Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present application embodiment 1;
[0024] Figure 2 Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the gas distribution device of the present application embodiment 1.
[0025] The meanings represented in the drawings are as follows:
[0026] 1-tower body 101-desulfurization zone 102-denitration zone 103-discharge port 2-first gas inlet pipe 3-first exhaust branch pipe 4-storage bin 5-feeding pipe 6-side branch gas inlet pipe 7-second gas inlet pipe 8-second exhaust branch pipe 9-exhaust main pipe 10-chimney 11-gas distribution device 1101-first distribution pipe 1102-second distribution pipe 1103-distribution branch pipe 1104-gas hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application embodiments clearer, the technical solutions of the present application embodiments will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings of the present application embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the described embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without any creative effort fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used herein should be understood as the usual meanings understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application belongs.
[0028] The terms "first", "second", and similar terms used in the patent application and claims of the present utility model do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form "a", "an" or "the" and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but indicate the existence of at least one. The terms "include" or "contain" and similar terms mean that the elements or objects appearing before "include" or "contain" cover the features, whole, steps, operations, elements and / or components listed after "include" or "contain", and do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other features, whole, steps, operations, elements, components and / or their collections. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to represent relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.
[0029] To solve the technical problem that the existing activated carbon countercurrent adsorption tower lacks a preheating process for activated carbon, which causes slow temperature rise after entering the denitration zone, resulting in extremely low denitration efficiency and being unable to meet the denitration reaction demand, the present utility model embodiment provides an activated carbon desulfurization and denitration adsorption tower.
[0030] Example 1
[0031] As Figure 1The utility model provides an active carbon desulfurization and denitration adsorption tower, including tower body 1, the inside of tower body is equipped with adsorption unit area, adsorption unit area includes from below to above in proper order set up desulfurization area 101 and denitration area 102, the lower part of desulfurization area 101 is equipped with first air pipe 2 for the industrial production into the original flue gas (i.e. the flue gas that has not been adsorbed and purified, such as sintering sinter produces sulfur-containing oxygen compound and nitrogen oxide flue gas) in adsorption unit area, the bottom of desulfurization area 101 is also equipped with discharge port 103 for discharging active carbon. The upper portion of denitration area 102 is equipped with first exhaust branch pipe 3 for discharging the flue gas after active carbon adsorption and purification. The top of tower body 1 is equipped with storage bin 4 for storing (regenerating) active carbon, the top of storage bin 4 is equipped with feeding pipe 5, and the active carbon is transported into the storage bin 4 by the bucket elevator through the feeding pipe and is in a disordered stacking state therein. The bottom of storage bin 4 is equipped with a plurality of discharge valves to communicate the storage bin 4 with the denitration area 102, and the discharge valves are used to control the discharge of the active carbon in the storage bin 4 into the denitration area 102 and the desulfurization area 101 in sequence by gravity. The lower part of the storage bin 4 is respectively equipped with a bypass air inlet pipe 6 and a second air inlet pipe 7, the inlet end of the bypass air inlet pipe 6 is communicated with the first exhaust branch pipe 3, the bypass air inlet pipe 6 is equipped with a bypass valve, the upper part of the storage bin 4 is equipped with a second exhaust branch pipe 8, the outlet end of the first exhaust branch pipe 3 and the outlet end of the second exhaust branch pipe 8 are both communicated to an exhaust main pipe 9, and the outlet end of the exhaust main pipe 9 is communicated to a chimney 10. Therefore, part of the purified flue gas in the first exhaust branch pipe 3 enters the storage bin 4 through the bypass air inlet pipe 6 and is discharged from the chimney 10 through the second exhaust branch pipe 8 and the exhaust main pipe 9, and the other part of the purified flue gas is directly discharged from the chimney 10 through the exhaust main pipe 9.
[0032] In order to uniformly and rapidly preheat or cool the active carbon in the storage bin 4 by the purified flue gas or nitrogen, a gas distribution device 11 is arranged in the storage bin 4. Figure 2As shown, the gas distribution device 11 comprises a first distribution pipe 1101 vertically arranged on the longitudinal center axis of the storage bin 4 and a plurality of annular second distribution pipes 1102 equidistantly arranged along the length direction of the first distribution pipe 1101 on the circumferential side thereof, and a plurality of distribution branch pipes 1103 are in communication between the first distribution pipe 1101 and the second distribution pipes 1102, which are radially and uniformly distributed between the first distribution pipe 1101 and the second distribution pipes 1102, so that in the storage bin 4, the activated carbon near the center axis can be heat exchanged through the first distribution pipe 1101, and the second distribution pipes 1102 are equivalent to being arranged layer by layer on the circumferential side of the first distribution pipe 1101, thereby realizing heat exchange of the activated carbon in each height gradient range, and the distribution branch pipes 1103 between the two can realize uniform diffusion of the gas in the radial direction, so that there is no heat exchange dead angle in the storage bin 4. The outlet end of the branch gas inlet pipe 6 is in communication with the first gas inlet of the gas distribution device 11, which is used to introduce the purified flue gas thereinto, and the outlet end of the second gas inlet branch pipe 7 is in communication with the second gas inlet of the gas distribution device 11, which is used to flush the normal temperature nitrogen into it to cool the overheated activated carbon and isolate the oxygen in the storage bin 4. The first gas inlet and the second gas inlet are arranged on the first distribution pipe 1101 or the second distribution pipe 1102, that is, the first gas inlet and the second gas inlet can be arranged on the first distribution pipe 1101 at the same time, or can be arranged on the second distribution pipe 1102 at the same time; the first gas inlet can be arranged on the first distribution pipe 1101 and the second gas inlet can be arranged on the second distribution pipe 1102; vice versa, which can be arranged according to the actual situation. In the embodiment of the utility model, in order to accelerate the heat exchange efficiency of the purified flue gas or nitrogen and the activated carbon, a plurality of gas holes 1104 are uniformly distributed on the first distribution pipe 1101, the second distribution pipe 1102 and the distribution branch pipe 1103, so that the gas directly contacts and exchanges heat with the activated carbon; in order to avoid the activated carbon from entering the gas distribution device 11 and causing blockage, a screen is arranged in the gas hole 1104. The inner wall of the storage bin 4 is coated with a high thermal conductivity coating, such as a graphene coating, to accelerate heat transfer, shorten the activated carbon preheating time, reduce the temperature gradient, and realize uniform preheating.
[0033] In order to realize accurate preheating of the activated carbon in the storage bin 4, at least three first temperature sensors are arranged in the storage bin 4 and are arranged at upper, middle and lower positions of the storage bin 4 respectively, and the average value of the sum of the temperature values detected by all the first temperature sensors is taken as the actual temperature value T0 of the activated carbon in the storage bin 4; the second temperature sensor is arranged in the denitration zone 102 and is used for detecting the temperature T1 of the activated carbon in the denitration zone 102. In the embodiment of the utility model, the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor are both conventional applications, and the structure and the electrical connection principle thereof are not improved, and the prior art can be directly used, and thus no further description is made herein.
[0034] The main working principle of the utility model is as follows:
[0035] The activated carbon is conveyed into the storage bin 4 by the bucket elevator and is in a disordered stacking state, when the discharge valve is opened, the activated carbon therein flows into the denitration zone 102 and the desulfurization zone 101 under the action of gravity in turn and is in a filling state in the denitration zone 102 and the desulfurization zone 101. The original flue gas without purification enters the bottom of the desulfurization zone 101 from the first gas inlet pipe 2 and flows upwards through the desulfurization zone 101 and the denitration zone 102 in turn, so as to be in countercurrent contact with the activated carbon flowing downwards, in the contact process, the sulfur oxide compounds in the flue gas are adsorbed and removed by the activated carbon in the desulfurization zone 101, and the nitrogen oxide compounds are adsorbed and removed by the activated carbon in the denitration zone 102, finally, the purified flue gas is discharged by the first exhaust branch pipe 8, at this time, part of the flue gas is directly discharged to the chimney 10 through the exhaust main pipe 9, and the other part of the flue gas enters the gas distribution device 11 through the branch valve of the branch gas inlet pipe 6 which is opened, then comes out through the gas hole 1104 and directly contacts and exchanges heat with the activated carbon in the storage bin 4, is preheated, and finally is discharged to the chimney through the second exhaust branch pipe 8 and the exhaust main pipe 9. Whether the activated carbon in the storage bin 4 needs to be preheated or cooled is determined by the activated carbon temperature T0 in the storage bin 4 and the activated carbon temperature T1 in the denitration zone. The specific control mode is as follows:
[0036] If the activated carbon temperature T0 in the storage bin 4 is less than 100 DEG C, it indicates that the activated carbon temperature is too low, at this time, the branch valve of the branch gas inlet pipe 6 is opened, and the purified flue gas is introduced into the branch gas inlet pipe 6; or the opening degree of the branch valve of the branch gas inlet pipe 6 is increased, and the amount of the flue gas used for preheating is increased, so as to increase the heat exchange amount of the flue gas and the activated carbon.
[0037] If the activated carbon temperature T1 in the storage bin 4 is greater than 100 DEG C and the activated carbon temperature T1 in the denitration zone 102 is less than 150 DEG C, it indicates that the activated carbon temperature in the denitration zone 102 is in the normal range, and the system continues to run, at this time, the current opening degree of the branch valve can be maintained.
[0038] If the activated carbon temperature T1 in the denitrification zone 102 is greater than 150℃, it indicates that the temperature rise of the activated carbon in the adsorption tower is abnormal. At this time, reduce the opening of the side valve, reduce the amount of preheated flue gas, or close the side valve and introduce nitrogen into the storage silo 4 to reduce the temperature in the storage silo 4 and prevent the activated carbon from overheating. At the same time, adjust the operating conditions of the adsorption tower to ensure the safe and stable operation of the system.
[0039] Example 2
[0040] The main difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that the structure of the gas distribution device 11 is different. Specifically, in Example 2, the second distribution tube 1102 is an equidistant spiral gas tube that extends along the length of the first distribution tube 1101 and coils around the periphery of the first distribution tube 1101.
[0041] Example 3
[0042] The difference between Example 3 and Example 1 is that at least two parallel adsorption unit zones are provided within one of the tower bodies 1. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the upper adsorption unit area and the lower adsorption unit area are isolated from each other and do not interfere with each other. After the original flue gas is diverted, it enters them separately for desulfurization and denitrification. The activated carbon in the storage silo 4 also flows into the two adsorption unit areas separately. However, the upper adsorption unit area, which is directly connected to the storage silo 4, can be directly discharged through the discharge valve, while the lower adsorption unit area can be connected to other discharge valves through pipelines such as conveying pipes (not shown in the figure), so that the activated carbon in the storage silo enters its top through the conveying pipe, and then fills the denitrification zone and desulfurization zone in sequence.
[0043] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains can make various modifications and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of this invention shall be determined by the claims.
Claims
1. An activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification adsorption tower, comprising a tower body (1), an adsorption unit zone is arranged inside the tower body (1), characterized in that, The adsorption unit area comprises a desulfurization zone (101) and a denitration zone (102) arranged in sequence from bottom to top, the lower part of the desulfurization zone (101) is provided with a first air inlet pipe (2), and the upper part of the denitration zone (102) is provided with a first exhaust branch pipe (3); the top of the tower body (1) is provided with a storage bin (4), the bottom of the storage bin (4) is provided with a plurality of discharge valves to communicate the storage bin (4) with the denitration zone (102), the lower part of the storage bin (4) is respectively provided with a bypass air inlet pipe (6) and a second air inlet pipe (7), the inlet end of the bypass air inlet pipe (6) communicates with the first exhaust branch pipe (3), the bypass air inlet pipe (6) is provided with a bypass valve, the upper part of the storage bin (4) is provided with a second exhaust branch pipe (8), the storage bin (4) is provided with a gas distribution device (11), the outlet end of the bypass air inlet pipe (6) communicates with the first air inlet of the gas distribution device (11), and the outlet end of the second air inlet pipe (7) communicates with the second air inlet of the gas distribution device (11).
2. The activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification adsorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the storage bin (4) is provided with a feeding pipe (5).
3. The activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification adsorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the storage bin (4) is coated with a high-thermal-conductivity coating.
4. The activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification adsorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the desulfurization zone (101) is provided with a discharge port (103).
5. The activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification adsorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least three first temperature sensors are arranged in the storage bin, and are arranged at upper, middle and lower positions of the storage bin (4) respectively; a second temperature sensor is arranged in the denitration zone.
6. The activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification adsorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outlet end of the first exhaust branch pipe (3) and the outlet end of the second exhaust branch pipe (8) both communicate with an exhaust main pipe (9), and the outlet end of the exhaust main pipe (9) communicates with a chimney (10).
7. The activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification adsorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas distribution device (11) comprises a first distribution pipe (1101) and a plurality of annular second distribution pipes (1102), the first distribution pipe (1101) is vertically arranged on the longitudinal center axis of the storage bin (4), a plurality of second distribution pipes (1102) are equidistantly arranged along the length direction of the first distribution pipe (1101) on the circumferential side of the first distribution pipe (1101), a plurality of distribution branch pipes (1103) communicate between the first distribution pipe (1101) and the second distribution pipe (1102), and the first air inlet and the second air inlet are arranged on the first distribution pipe (1101) or the second distribution pipe (1102).
8. The activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification adsorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas distribution device (11) comprises a first distribution pipe (1101) and a second distribution pipe (1102), the first distribution pipe (1101) is vertically arranged on the longitudinal center axis of the storage bin (4), the second distribution pipe (1102) spirally coils on the circumferential side of the first distribution pipe (1101) at equal intervals, a plurality of distribution branch pipes (1103) communicate between the first distribution pipe (1101) and the second distribution pipe (1102), and the first air inlet and the second air inlet are arranged on the first distribution pipe (1101) or the second distribution pipe (1102).
9. The activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification adsorption tower according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The first distribution pipe (1101), the second distribution pipe (1102) and the distribution branch pipe (1103) are uniformly provided with air holes (1104), and the air holes (1104) are provided with screens.
10. The activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification adsorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least two parallel adsorption unit zones are arranged in one tower body (1).