Biomass gas blasting machine
By designing a biomass gas blasting machine, a screw motor is used to transport biomass to a heated barrel for compressed air blasting, solving the problems of high steam consumption and complex equipment, and realizing low-energy biomass pretreatment and industrial production.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-01
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-10
AI Technical Summary
Existing biomass pretreatment methods suffer from high steam consumption and demanding equipment requirements, making industrial-scale scaling difficult.
A biomass gas blasting machine was designed, comprising a feeding mechanism, an extrusion heating mechanism, and a blasting mechanism. Biomass is transported to a heating barrel by a screw motor for heating and blasting using compressed air. The blasted biomass can be subjected to physical, chemical, and/or biological treatment, and the steam heat energy can be recovered and utilized.
It achieves low-energy biomass pretreatment, reduces steam consumption, simplifies equipment structure, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.
Smart Images
Figure CN224100656U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to the pretreatment technical field of biomass, specifically is biomass gas explosion machine. BACKGROUND
[0002] Biomass refers to all kinds of organic bodies produced by air, water, land and other through photosynthesis, namely all living things that can grow, which is called biomass. It includes plants, animals and microorganisms, and these biomasses need to be treated before use, for example, people will clean and separate lignin and hemicellulose in plant biomass.
[0003] At present, the traditional pretreatment methods of biomass mainly include crushing, high-temperature cooking method and steam explosion method. These methods usually have the defects of high energy consumption and large chemical consumption when pretreating biomass. At present, a large amount of research work has been carried out to develop new and effective biomass pretreatment methods, but most of the methods involve using chemical drugs at high temperature, high pressure and / or at high temperature and high pressure, and the problems of high energy consumption and serious pollution still exist. Some methods such as steam explosion use intermittent treatment of biomass, but they have the problems of serious noise pollution, small single treatment capacity and complex sealing structure of explosion machine, and cannot be mass-produced in industry.
[0004] Henan Tian Guan (CN101200734) and Institute of Process Engineering of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN1806945) have developed a method for pretreatment by steam explosion. Steam explosion (steam explosion) is a commonly used method for pretreatment of biomass at present, and the treatment process is as follows: the raw material is added to a pressure-resistant container, steam is introduced until the required temperature or pressure (1.0-2.0MPa, i.e. 180-220℃) is reached, and then the pressure is suddenly reduced. Although this method does not use chemical drugs, the steam consumption is large, the equipment requirement is high, and it is difficult to industrialize. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS
[0005] The utility model aims at providing biomass gas explosion machine, to solve the problem of large steam consumption, high equipment requirement and difficulty in industrialization scale in the prior art.
[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following technical scheme: biomass gas exploder, including base, the surface of base is installed control panel, one side of base is provided with feeding mechanism, the inside of feeding mechanism includes hopper, screw motor, feed pipe sleeve, plug screw and drain hole, the bottom of feeding mechanism is provided with extrusion heating mechanism, extrusion heating mechanism is composed of electromagnetic heating unit, extrusion part and heating cannon, one side of extrusion heating mechanism is provided with blasting mechanism, the inside of blasting mechanism contains blasting head shell, blasting head bearing chamber, blasting head motor, blasting head gap adjusting screw rod, blasting head moving cutter, compression section cannon, compressed air injection port, blasting head fixed cutter, breaker and intermediate blasting chamber.
[0007] Preferably, one side of the base is provided with a hopper, the surface of the hopper is installed with a screw motor, the input end of the screw motor is electrically connected with the output end of the control panel, the output end of the screw motor is fixed with a rotating shaft through a shaft coupling, one end of the rotating shaft is fixed with a plug screw, one end of the plug screw penetrates through the hopper and extends to the inside of the hopper.
[0008] Preferably, the bottom of the hopper is fixed with a drain hole, the bottom of the hopper is fixed with a feed pipe sleeve, the feed pipe sleeve is communicated with the hopper.
[0009] Preferably, one side of the base is provided with a heating cannon, one end of the heating cannon is communicated with the feed pipe sleeve, the surface of the heating cannon is installed with an electromagnetic heating unit, the input end of the electromagnetic heating unit is electrically connected with the output end of the control panel, the surface of the heating cannon is provided with an extrusion part.
[0010] Preferably, the inside of the extrusion part contains a main motor, a protective cover, a speed reducer, a conveying compression screw and a belt pulley assembly, the inside of the heating cannon is provided with a conveying compression screw, one end of the conveying compression screw penetrates through the feed pipe sleeve and is installed with the heating cannon, the main motor is installed below the speed reducer, the input end of the main motor is electrically connected with the output end of the control panel.
[0011] Preferably, the output end of the main motor is installed with the belt pulley assembly through a shaft coupling, one end of the belt pulley assembly is installed on the surface of the speed reducer, the main motor drives the conveying compression screw to rotate through the belt pulley assembly, the protective cover is installed on the outside of the speed reducer, the protective cover covers the outside of the belt pulley assembly.
[0012] Preferably, the surface of the base is fixed with a blasting head shell through screws, the surface of the base is mounted with a blasting head gap adjusting lead screw, the surface of the blasting head gap adjusting lead screw is mounted with a blasting head motor, the input end of the blasting head motor is electrically connected with the output end of the control panel, and the output end of the blasting head motor is fixed with a blasting head bearing chamber through a shaft coupling.
[0013] Preferably, one end of the blasting head bearing chamber penetrates the blasting head shell and is mounted with a blasting head moving knife, one end of the blasting head shell is mounted with a blasting head fixed knife, and the blasting head fixed knife is sleeved outside the blasting head moving knife.
[0014] Preferably, the compression section cannon is fixed at one end of the heating cannon, the compression section cannon is mounted with an intermediate blasting chamber at one side, one end of the intermediate blasting chamber is detachably fixed with one end of the blasting head shell through screws, and the surface of the intermediate blasting chamber is provided with a compressed air injection port.
[0015] Preferably, the inside of the compressed air injection port is provided with a material breaker, one end of the material breaker is fixedly connected with one end of the conveying compression screw, and the central axis of the material breaker coincides with the central axis of the conveying compression screw.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the biomass gas explosion machine is provided with a feeding mechanism, an extrusion heating mechanism and a blasting mechanism, and the short opening work is controlled by operating the control panel, the biomass after cutting, dust and soil removal is twisted, enzymolysis (50-60 DEG C) and then poured into the hopper, at this time, the screw motor drives the plug screw to rotate, the biomass is conveyed to the inside of the feeding pipe sleeve, enters the inside of the heating cannon along the feeding pipe sleeve, and is conveniently drained under the action of the drain hole, at the same time, the main motor drives the conveying compression screw to rotate under the action of the protection cover, and the speed of the conveying compression screw can be changed under the action of the speed reducer, so that the conveying compression screw conveys and extrudes the biomass along the heating cannon, at this time, steam is introduced into the heating cannon for heating, and an electromagnetic heating unit is used for heating to 100-165 DEG C, then the conveying compression screw conveys the biomass to the inside of the intermediate blasting chamber, and 6-8 bar compressed air cold and hot compressed air can be introduced into the intermediate blasting chamber through the compressed air injection port to lock water, stir and push the biomass, and then the material is thrown into the inside of the blasting head shell by the high-speed rotating special material breaker, at this time, the blasting head motor drives the blasting head moving knife and the blasting head fixed knife to continuously blast the biomass, the blasted biomass can be subjected to different physical, chemical and / or biological treatments according to different application requirements, and the steam generated in the blasting chamber is drawn away by the fan, so that the heat energy can be recycled. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0017] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional explosion structure schematic view of the utility model.
[0018] Figure 2 It is the main view cross section structure schematic diagram of the utility model;
[0019] Figure 3 It is the main view explosion structure schematic diagram of the utility model;
[0020] Figure 4 It is the plan view explosion structure schematic diagram of the utility model;
[0021] Figure 5 It is the side view explosion enlarged structure schematic diagram of the utility model.
[0022] In the drawing: 1, base; 11, control panel; 2, feeding mechanism; 21, hopper; 22, spiral motor; 23, feeding pipe sleeve; 24, plug screw; 25, drain hole; 3, extrusion heating mechanism; 31, electromagnetic heating; 32, extrusion component; 321, main motor; 322, protective cover; 323, reduction box; 324, conveying compression spiral; 325, belt pulley assembly; 33, heating cannon; 4, explosion mechanism; 41, explosion head shell; 42, explosion head bearing chamber; 43, explosion head motor; 44, explosion head gap adjusting screw; 45, explosion head moving cutter; 46, compression section cannon; 47, compressed air injection port; 48, explosion head fixed cutter; 49, material breaker; 410, intermediate explosion chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all the embodiments. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", "up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. Meanwhile, in the description of the utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor belong to the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0024] The structure of the biomass gas explosion machine provided by the utility model is as shown in Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 5As shown, including the base 1, the surface of the base 1 is mounted with control panel 11, one side of the base 1 is provided with feeding mechanism 2, the inside of feeding mechanism 2 includes hopper 21, screw motor 22, feeding pipe sleeve 23, plug screw 24 and drain hole 25, one side of the base 1 is provided with hopper 21, the surface of the hopper 21 is mounted with screw motor 22, the model of the screw motor 22 can be selected as J0 series, the input end of the screw motor 22 is electrically connected with the output end of the control panel 11, the output end of the screw motor 22 is fixed with a rotating shaft through a shaft coupling, one end of the rotating shaft is fixed with plug screw 24, one end of the plug screw 24 penetrates through the hopper 21 and extends to the inside of the hopper 21, the bottom of the hopper 21 is fixed with drain hole 25, the bottom of the hopper 21 is fixed with feeding pipe sleeve 23, feeding pipe sleeve 23 is communicated with hopper 21.
[0025] In use, the biomass after cutting, dust and soil removal is poured into the inside of the hopper 21 after being twisted and enzymolysis (50-60℃) by operating the control panel 11 to control the short opening work, at this time, the screw motor 22 drives the plug screw 24 to rotate, the biomass is transported to the inside of the feeding pipe sleeve 23, and enters the inside of the heating cannon 33 along the feeding pipe sleeve 23, and is conveniently drained under the action of the drain hole 25.
[0026] Further, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the bottom of the feeding mechanism 2 is provided with extrusion heating mechanism 3, the extrusion heating mechanism 3 is composed of electromagnetic heating unit 31, extrusion part 32 and heating cannon 33, one side of the base 1 is provided with heating cannon 33, one end of the heating cannon 33 is communicated with the feeding pipe sleeve 23, the surface of the heating cannon 33 is mounted with electromagnetic heating unit 31, the model of the electromagnetic heating unit 31 can be selected as YSG series, the input end of the electromagnetic heating unit 31 is electrically connected with the output end of the control panel 11, the surface of the heating cannon 33 is provided with extrusion part 32, the inside of the extrusion part 32 contains main motor 321, protective cover 322, speed reducer 323, conveying compression screw 324 and belt pulley assembly 325, the inside of the heating cannon 33 is provided with conveying compression screw 324, one end of the conveying compression screw 324 penetrates through the feeding pipe sleeve 23 and is mounted with the heating cannon 33, the lower side of the speed reducer 323 is provided with main motor 321, the model of the main motor 321 can be selected as JO series, the input end of the main motor 321 is electrically connected with the output end of the control panel 11, the output end of the main motor 321 is mounted with belt pulley assembly 325 through a shaft coupling, one end of the belt pulley assembly 325 is mounted on the surface of the speed reducer 323, the main motor 321 drives the conveying compression screw 324 to rotate through the belt pulley assembly 325, the outer side of the speed reducer 323 is mounted with protective cover 322, the protective cover 322 covers the outer side of the belt pulley assembly 325.
[0027] In use, the main motor 321 drives the conveying compression screw 324 to rotate under the action of the protective cover 322, and the speed of the conveying compression screw 324 can be changed under the action of the speed reducer 323, so that the conveying compression screw 324 conveys and extrudes the biomass along the heating cannon barrel 33. At this time, steam is introduced into the heating cannon barrel 33 for heating, and the electromagnetic heating unit 31 is used for heating to 100-165 degrees Celsius.
[0028] Further, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 , one side of the extrusion heating mechanism 3 is provided with a bursting mechanism 4, the inside of the bursting mechanism 4 contains a bursting head housing 41, a bursting head bearing chamber 42, a bursting head motor 43, a bursting head gap adjusting lead screw 44, a bursting head moving knife 45, a compression section cannon barrel 46, a compressed air injection port 47, a bursting head fixed knife 48, a material breaker 49 and an intermediate bursting chamber 410. The surface of the base 1 is fixed with the bursting head housing 41 by screws. The surface of the base 1 is provided with the bursting head gap adjusting lead screw 44. The surface of the bursting head gap adjusting lead screw 44 is provided with the bursting head motor 43. The model of the bursting head motor 43 can be selected as J0 series. The input end of the bursting head motor 43 is electrically connected with the output end of the control panel 11. The output end of the bursting head motor 43 is fixed with the bursting head bearing chamber 42 through a shaft coupling. One end of the bursting head bearing chamber 42 penetrates through the bursting head housing 41 and is provided with the bursting head moving knife 45. One end of the bursting head housing 41 is provided with the bursting head fixed knife 48. The bursting head fixed knife 48 is sleeved outside the bursting head moving knife 45. The compression section cannon barrel 46 is fixed at one end of the heating cannon barrel 33. One side of the compression section cannon barrel 46 is provided with the intermediate bursting chamber 410. One end of the intermediate bursting chamber 410 is detachably fixed with one end of the bursting head housing 41 by screws. The surface of the intermediate bursting chamber 410 is provided with the compressed air injection port 47. The inside of the compressed air injection port 47 is provided with the material breaker 49. One end of the material breaker 49 is fixedly connected with one end of the conveying compression screw 324. The central axis of the material breaker 49 coincides with the central axis of the conveying compression screw 324.
[0029] In use, the conveying compression screw 324 conveys the biomass to the inside of the intermediate bursting chamber 410, and 6-8 bar compressed air cold or hot can be introduced into the intermediate bursting chamber 410 through the compressed air injection port 47 to lock water, stir and push the biomass, and then the material is thrown into the inside of the bursting head housing 41 by the high-speed rotating special material breaker 49. At this time, the bursting head motor 43 drives the bursting head moving knife 45 and the bursting head fixed knife 48 to continuously burst the biomass through the bursting head bearing chamber 42.
[0030] Working principle: in use, first by operating the control panel 11 control short open work, after cutting, dust removal after the biomass is poured into the hopper 21 inside after rolling silk, enzymatic hydrolysis (50-60 ℃), at this time, the screw motor 22 driven by the plug screw 24 rotation, biomass is transported to the feed pipe sleeve 23 inside, and along the feed pipe sleeve 23 into the heating cannon 33 inside, and under the action of drain hole 25 facilitate biomass drainage, at the same time, the main motor 321 under the action of the protective cover 322 driven by the delivery compression screw 324 rotation, and under the action of the reduction box 323 can change the speed of delivery compression screw 324, make the delivery compression screw 324 along the heating cannon 33 for biomass delivery extrusion, at this time, the heating cannon 33 into the steam heating, supplemented by electromagnetic heating unit 31 heating to 100-165 degrees Celsius, then the delivery compression screw 324 will be transported to the intermediate blast chamber 410 inside, and through the compressed air injection port 47 to the intermediate blast chamber 410 into 6-8 bar of compressed air cold and hot compressed air can be used for water locking, stirring, pushing after the biomass by high speed rotating special material breaker 49 will be thrown into the blast head shell 41 inside, at this time, the blast head motor 43 through the blast head bearing chamber 42 driven by the blast head moving knife 45 and blast head fixed knife 48 for continuous blast of biomass, after the blast of biomass, can be according to different application requirements for different physical, chemical and / or biological treatment, the steam produced in the blast chamber is removed by the fan, realizing the recycling of heat energy.
[0031] The gas explosion machine uses compressed air to lock water for biomass with water content of 30-50%, temperature of 100-165 ℃, and then centrifugal pump out by high speed rotating material breaker 49, the biomass enters the blast head shell 41 after sudden pressure relief, the water vaporization, rapid destruction of biomass cell wall; at the same time, the non-condensable compressible gas in the biomass cell will also expand because of the sudden disappearance of pressure, which can also play a role in breaking the biomass cell wall. After the wall is broken, the exposure rate of lignin and hemicellulose is increased, and according to the requirements of the product, the subsequent biological, mechanical and / or chemical treatment is facilitated.
[0032] The gas explosion machine can use the non-condensable gas in the material to break the wall without heating the material. The purpose of heating is to increase the energy of water molecules in the material and increase the internal driving force of material explosion (the water content of the material should be strictly controlled, the water content between the materials should be squeezed out, and only the water in the cells is retained in order to save the volume of the blast chamber and shorten the steam generation time. Too much water is not conducive to the generation of steam and affects the blast effect).
[0033] It is apparent for a person skilled in the art that the present application is not restricted to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, but that it can be implemented in other concrete forms without departing from the spirit or the essential characteristics of the present application. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered as exemplary only, and not limiting, the scope of the present application being defined by the appended claims rather than by the above description, and all changes coming within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claims concerned.
Claims
1. Biomass gas exploder comprising a base (1), characterized in that: The surface of the base (1) is provided with a control panel (11), one side of the base (1) is provided with a feeding mechanism (2), the inside of the feeding mechanism (2) comprises a hopper (21), a screw motor (22), a feeding pipe sleeve (23), a plug screw (24) and a drain hole (25), the bottom of the feeding mechanism (2) is provided with an extrusion heating mechanism (3), the extrusion heating mechanism (3) is composed of an electromagnetic heating unit (31), an extrusion part (32) and a heating cannon (33), one side of the extrusion heating mechanism (3) is provided with a blasting mechanism (4), the inside of the blasting mechanism (4) contains a blasting head shell (41), a blasting head bearing chamber (42), a blasting head motor (43), a blasting head gap adjusting screw (44), a blasting head moving knife (45), a compression section cannon (46), a compressed air inlet (47), a blasting head fixed knife (48), a breaker (49) and an intermediate blasting chamber (410).
2. The biomass gas burst machine of claim 1, wherein: One side of the base (1) is provided with a hopper (21), the surface of the hopper (21) is provided with a screw motor (22), the input end of the screw motor (22) is electrically connected with the output end of the control panel (11), the output end of the screw motor (22) is fixed with a rotating shaft through a shaft coupling, one end of the rotating shaft is fixed with a plug screw (24), one end of the plug screw (24) penetrates through the hopper (21) and extends into the inside of the hopper (21).
3. The biomass gas burst machine of claim 2, wherein: The bottom of the hopper (21) is fixed with a drain hole (25), the bottom of the hopper (21) is fixed with a feeding pipe sleeve (23), the feeding pipe sleeve (23) is communicated with the hopper (21).
4. The biomass gas burst machine of claim 1, wherein: One side of the base (1) is provided with a heating cannon (33), one end of the heating cannon (33) is communicated with the feeding pipe sleeve (23), the surface of the heating cannon (33) is provided with an electromagnetic heating unit (31), the input end of the electromagnetic heating unit (31) is electrically connected with the output end of the control panel (11), the surface of the heating cannon (33) is provided with an extrusion part (32).
5. The biomass gas burst machine of claim 4, wherein: The inside of the extrusion part (32) contains a main motor (321), a protective cover (322), a reduction box (323), a conveying compression screw (324) and a belt pulley assembly (325), the inside of the heating cannon (33) is provided with a conveying compression screw (324), one end of the conveying compression screw (324) penetrates through the feeding pipe sleeve (23) and is fixed with the heating cannon (33), the main motor (321) is arranged below the reduction box (323), the input end of the main motor (321) is electrically connected with the output end of the control panel (11).
6. The biomass gas burst machine of claim 5, wherein: The output end of the main motor (321) is provided with a pulley assembly (325) through a shaft coupling, one end of the pulley assembly (325) is installed on the surface of the reduction gearbox (323), the main motor (321) drives the conveying compression screw (324) to rotate through the pulley assembly (325), the outer side of the reduction gearbox (323) is provided with a protective cover (322), and the protective cover (322) covers the outer side of the pulley assembly (325).
7. The biomass gas burst machine of claim 1, wherein: The surface of the base (1) is fixed with a blasting head shell (41) through screws, the surface of the base (1) is provided with a blasting head gap adjusting lead screw (44), the surface of the blasting head gap adjusting lead screw (44) is provided with a blasting head motor (43), the input end of the blasting head motor (43) is electrically connected with the output end of the control panel (11), and the output end of the blasting head motor (43) is fixed with a blasting head bearing chamber (42) through a shaft coupling.
8. The biomass gas burst machine of claim 7, wherein: One end of the blasting head bearing chamber (42) penetrates the blasting head shell (41) and is provided with a blasting head moving knife (45), one end of the blasting head shell (41) is provided with a blasting head fixed knife (48), and the blasting head fixed knife (48) is sleeved on the outer side of the blasting head moving knife (45).
9. The biomass gas burst machine of claim 8, wherein: The compression section cannon barrel (46) is fixed at one end of the heating cannon barrel (33), one side of the compression section cannon barrel (46) is provided with an intermediate blasting chamber (410), one end of the intermediate blasting chamber (410) is detachably fixed with one end of the blasting head shell (41) through screws, and the surface of the intermediate blasting chamber (410) is provided with a compressed air injection port (47).
10. The biomass gas burst machine of claim 9, wherein: The inside of the compressed air injection port (47) is provided with a breaker (49), one end of the breaker (49) is fixedly connected with one end of the conveying compression screw (324), and the central axis of the breaker (49) coincides with the central axis of the conveying compression screw (324). The inside of the compressed air injection port (47) is provided with a breaker (49), one end of the breaker (49) is fixedly connected with one end of the conveying compression screw (324), and the central axis of the breaker (49) coincides with the central axis of the conveying compression screw (324).