Water turbine generator set damping mechanism for hydropower station
By combining a differentiated vibration reduction strategy with a pneumatic pressure regulation system, buffer springs, and magnetorheological dampers, the problem of synergistic suppression of high-frequency mechanical vibration and low-frequency hydraulic pulsation in hydro-generator units was solved, achieving comprehensive vibration reduction and improved equipment stability.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-10
AI Technical Summary
Existing vibration reduction technologies for hydro-generator units are insufficient to effectively address both high-frequency mechanical vibrations and low-frequency hydraulic pulsations. Traditional vibration reduction methods cannot be flexibly adjusted according to the characteristics of vibration sources at different frequencies, resulting in poor vibration reduction performance.
By adopting a differentiated vibration reduction strategy, combining a pneumatic pressure regulation system, buffer springs, magnetorheological dampers, and hinges, the system achieves synergistic suppression of high-frequency mechanical vibration and low-frequency hydraulic pulsation through gas buffering, elastic deformation, and damping force energy dissipation.
It achieves all-round vibration reduction for hydro-generator units under complex operating conditions, improves equipment stability and lifespan, prevents structural deformation or damage, and enhances the adaptability to vibration and the vibration reduction effect.
Smart Images
Figure CN224107613U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to a water turbine generator set damping mechanism for hydropower station belongs to damping mechanism field. BACKGROUND
[0002] The design core of the water turbine generator set damping mechanism for hydropower station lies in adopting differentiated damping strategies for vibration sources of different frequencies (high-frequency mechanical vibration, low-frequency hydraulic pulsation), reducing the vibration and impact generated in the operation of the water turbine generator set through mechanical structure optimization and energy absorption technology, protecting the stability of the equipment, prolonging the service life and reducing the conduction impact on the surrounding structure, the high-frequency mechanical vibration is mainly caused by the mechanical running parts inside the unit, such as bearing rotation, gear meshing, etc., and such vibration has the characteristics of high energy and fast changing frequency, and the continuous high-frequency vibration can cause the unit parts to bear repeated impact, easily causing problems such as part loosening and fatigue damage, seriously threatening the safe and stable operation of the equipment, and the low-frequency hydraulic pulsation is mainly caused by the unstable flow of water flow, such as the non-uniform flow field in the volute and the vortex belt in the draft tube. The low-frequency hydraulic pulsation has large energy and long action time, which can cause large amplitude low-frequency displacement of the unit, not only causing great stress on the foundation structure of the unit, but also transmitting the vibration to the surrounding buildings and structures through the foundation, affecting the safety of the overall structure of the hydropower station.
[0003] At present, the existing water turbine generator set damping technology often has difficulty in effectively dealing with high-frequency mechanical vibration and low-frequency hydraulic pulsation at the same time, and the traditional damping methods, such as simply relying on spring damping or rubber damping, have limited response speed and energy absorption capacity when dealing with high-frequency mechanical vibration, and are difficult to quickly attenuate high-frequency vibration energy, and when facing low-frequency hydraulic pulsation, they cannot provide sufficient damping and buffering, and the damping effect is poor, and some mechanisms using single damping principle cannot be flexibly adjusted according to the characteristics of vibration sources of different frequencies, and it is difficult to meet the damping requirements of the water turbine generator set under complex working conditions, therefore, it is necessary to design a water turbine generator set damping mechanism for hydropower station. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL
[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a water turbine generator set damping mechanism for hydropower station to solve the problems in the above background technology.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a vibration damping mechanism for a hydropower station's turbine generator set, comprising a base plate, a lower plug at the center of the top of the base plate, a vibration damping seat at the top of the lower plug, an air chamber inside the vibration damping seat, an upper plug inside the air chamber, a mounting plate fixed to the top of the upper plug, a rubber pad adhered to the top of the mounting plate, buffer seats connected to both sides of the vibration damping seat, a movable block inside the buffer seat, a buffer spring installed on the side of the buffer seat closest to the vibration damping seat, and a magnetorheological damper installed on the side of the buffer seat away from the vibration damping seat, pull rods at the four corners of the top of the base plate, and upper pull rods hinged at the four corners of the bottom of the mounting plate, both pull rods being rotatably connected to the movable blocks.
[0006] Furthermore, a ground fixing plate is fixed to the bottom of the base plate, and a control box and an air pump are respectively installed on both sides of the top of the ground fixing plate. An air pressure detector is installed at the center of one end of the shock absorber, and the output end of the air pressure detector is electrically connected to the control box. The control box is connected to the magnetorheological shock absorber through a wire, and the air pump is connected to the air chamber through an air guide hose.
[0007] Furthermore, piston plates are installed at the top of the lower piston and the bottom of the upper piston, and the outer diameter of the piston plates matches the inner diameter of the air chamber. Sealing rings are fixed at the top and bottom of the air chamber, and the outer diameters of the lower and upper pistons match the inner diameters of the sealing rings.
[0008] Furthermore, a first cross groove is provided in the center of the buffer seat near the shock absorber seat, and limit plates are fixed on both sides of the buffer spring. Each limit plate is provided with a first cross block, and the first cross block is adapted to the first cross groove.
[0009] Furthermore, threaded mounting holes are provided at the center of both ends of the movable block, and second cross grooves with the same shape as the first cross groove are provided at the center of both sides of the movable block. The cross section of the movable block is designed in the shape of "I", and the movable block matches the internal shape of the buffer seat. The movable block is located between the magnetorheological damper and the buffer spring.
[0010] Furthermore, the magnetorheological damper includes a damping piston, a coil, a fixing plate, and a second cross-shaped locking block. The damping piston is filled with magnetorheological fluid, and fixing plates are provided at both ends of the damping piston. A coil is connected between the fixing plates, and the control box is connected to the coil through a wire. A second cross-shaped locking block is provided on the fixing plate near the movable block, and the second cross-shaped locking block is adapted to the second cross-shaped groove.
[0011] Further, the two ends of the movable block are provided with the hinge, and the hinge comprises a connecting rod and a limiting ring, three grooves are formed in the outer surface of the connecting rod at equal angles, and the outer surface of the connecting rod is provided with a threaded part matched with the threaded mounting hole, the inner diameter of the limiting ring is matched with the outer diameter of the connecting rod, and the inner side of the limiting ring is uniformly provided with a limiting protrusion matched with the groove, and the limiting ring is fixedly connected with the movable block through bolts.
[0012] Further, the two ends of the movable block are provided with the hinge, and the hinge comprises a connecting rod and a limiting ring, three grooves are formed in the outer surface of the connecting rod at equal angles, and the outer surface of the connecting rod is provided with a threaded part matched with the threaded mounting hole, the inner diameter of the limiting ring is matched with the outer diameter of the connecting rod, and the inner side of the limiting ring is uniformly provided with a limiting protrusion matched with the groove, and the limiting ring is fixedly connected with the movable block through bolts.
[0013] The utility model discloses the beneficial effect: this damping mechanism is through the different strategy response high frequency mechanical vibration and low frequency hydraulic pulsation, in high frequency vibration suppression aspect, the buffer spring is installed in the buffer seat, and is matched with magneto rheological damper, the former fast elastic deformation absorption energy, the latter passes through control box adjustment coil, changes magneto rheological fluid viscosity, produces damping force and further energy consumption, simultaneously, the air pressure adjusting system of gas cavity, air pump etc., when high frequency vibration, real -time adjustment gas cavity air pressure, utilizes the compressibility of gas and absorbs vibration energy, in low frequency vibration resistance aspect, the air pressure damping structure of gas cavity, lower plug column and upper plug column, borrow gas buffer damping and absorb low frequency hydraulic pulsation energy, and the lower pull rod and the upper pull rod are connected with the movable block through the hinge piece, and the vibration acting force generated by the unit is balancedly borne, prevents the structural deformation or damage caused by uneven stress, and cooperates with the air pressure structure and resists the impact. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0014] Other features, objects, and advantages of the utility model will become more apparent through reading the following detailed description of non-restrictive embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:
[0015] Figure 1 It is first visual angle structural schematic drawing of the utility model kind water power station water turbine generator set damping mechanism;
[0016] Figure 2 It is second visual angle structural schematic drawing of the utility model kind water power station water turbine generator set damping mechanism;
[0017] Figure 3 It is partial cut structure schematic drawing of the utility model kind water power station water turbine generator set damping mechanism;
[0018] Figure 4 It is movable block structural schematic drawing of the utility model kind water power station water turbine generator set damping mechanism;
[0019] Figure 5The utility model relates to a hinge piece structure schematic view of water turbine generator set damping mechanism for hydropower station,
[0020] Figure 6 The utility model relates to a magnetorheological damper schematic view in water turbine generator set damping mechanism for hydropower station,
[0021] Figure 7 The utility model relates to a buffer spring schematic view in water turbine generator set damping mechanism for hydropower station,
[0022] In the drawing: 1, ground fixed plate, 2, control box, 3, bottom plate, 4, lower plug column, 5, damping seat, 501, air cavity, 6, lower pull rod, 7, upper pull rod, 701, connecting ring, 8, buffer seat, 801, first cross slot, 9, mounting plate, 10, rubber pad, 11, air pressure detector, 12, gas hose, 13, air pump, 14, movable block, 1401, threaded mounting hole, 1402, second cross slot, 15, upper plug column, 16, sealing ring, 17, buffer spring, 1701, limiting plate, 1702, first cross block, 18, magnetorheological damper, 1801, damping piston, 1802, coil, 1803, fixed plate, 1804, second cross block, 19, piston plate, 20, hinge piece, 21, connecting rod, 2101, threaded portion, 2102, recess, 22, limiting ring, 2201, limiting protrusion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] In order to make the technical means, creation features, purposes and effects of the utility model easy to understand, the utility model is further described below in combination with specific embodiments.
[0024] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7The utility model provides a technical scheme: water turbine generator set damping mechanism for hydroelectric power station, including bottom plate 3, the central position department of bottom plate 3 top installs lower plug post 4, and the top of lower plug post 4 is installed with damping seat 5, the inside of damping seat 5 is provided with air cavity 501, and air cavity 501 is provided with upper plug post 15 in, the top of upper plug post 15 is fixed with mounting plate 9, and mounting plate 9 top bonding has rubber pad 10, the both sides of damping seat 5 are connected with buffer seat 8, and buffer seat 8 is provided with movable block 14 in, buffer spring 17 is installed in the one side of buffer seat 8 inside close to damping seat 5, and the one side of buffer seat 8 inside away from damping seat 5 is installed with magnetorheological damper 18, the four corners of bottom plate 3 top are provided with pull rod 6, and the four corners of mounting plate 9 bottom are all hinged with pull rod 7, pull rod 6 and pull rod 7 all are rotatably connected with movable block 14, lower plug post 4, damping seat 5 and inside air cavity 501, upper plug post 15 constitute the bottom layer air pressure damping structure, utilize the buffering characteristic of gas, effectively absorb the low frequency vibration of unit operation, and mounting plate 9 and rubber pad 10 are further buffered high frequency vibration in top layer, and this layered design makes the damping effect more comprehensive;
[0025] Exemplarily, the bottom of the bottom plate 3 is fixedly connected with a ground plate 1, control boxes 2 and air pumps 13 are arranged on the two sides of the top of the ground plate 1, an air pressure detector 11 is arranged at the central position of one end of the damping seat 5, the output end of the air pressure detector 11 is electrically connected with the control boxes 2, the control boxes 2 are connected with the magnetorheological dampers 18 through wires, the air pumps 13 are connected with the air cavities 501 through air guide hoses 12, the air pressure detector 11 at one end of the damping seat 5 monitors the air pressure in the air cavities 501 in real time and transmits data to the control boxes 2, based on preset programs and received data, the control boxes 2 adjust the current in the coils 1802 in the magnetorheological dampers 18 through wires, for example, when it is monitored that vibration is intensified and air pressure changes, the control boxes 2 increase the current, so that the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid increases and the damping force of the damping pistons 1801 is enhanced, so that vibration energy can be more effectively absorbed, on the other hand, the control boxes 2 control the air pumps 13 to work according to the air pressure conditions, so that the air pressure in the air cavities 501 is dynamically adjusted, and the damping system can accurately adapt to vibration requirements under different working conditions.
[0026] Exemplarily, piston plates 19 are arranged on the top of the lower plug posts 4 and the bottom of the upper plug posts 15, the outer diameter of the piston plates 19 is consistent with the inner diameter of the air cavities 501, sealing rings 16 are fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the air cavities 501, and the outer diameters of the lower plug posts 4 and the upper plug posts 15 are consistent with the inner diameters of the sealing rings 16, the close cooperation of the piston plates 19 and the air cavities 501 and the sealing effect of the sealing rings 16 make the performance of the damping mechanism more stable.
[0027] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 7A first cross groove 801 is provided in the center of the buffer seat 8 near the shock absorber seat 5. Limiting plates 1701 are fixed on both sides of the buffer spring 17. Each limiting plate 1701 is provided with a first cross locking block 1702, and the first cross locking block 1702 is adapted to the first cross groove 801. The first cross groove 801 and the first cross locking block 1702 engage to achieve precise positioning and installation of the buffer spring 17. When the hydro turbine generator unit vibrates during operation, the buffer spring 17 can stably stretch and deform in a predetermined direction to effectively absorb vibration energy and avoid spring offset or misalignment leading to buffer failure.
[0028] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The movable block 14 has threaded mounting holes 1401 at the center of both ends, and second cross grooves 1402 with the same shape as the first cross groove 801 at the center of both sides. The movable block 14 has an "I" shaped cross section and matches the internal shape of the buffer seat 8. The movable block 14 is located between the magnetorheological damper 18 and the buffer spring 17. The second cross grooves 1402 on both sides of the movable block 14 have the same shape as the first cross groove 801 and can be adapted to the first cross locking block 1702 of the buffer spring 17 and the second cross locking block 1804 of the magnetorheological damper 18, respectively, to ensure a stable connection between the buffer spring 17, the magnetorheological damper 18 and the movable block 14, so that the vibration energy can be efficiently transmitted to the damping components to achieve synergistic damping.
[0029] Please see Figure 6 The magnetorheological damper 18 includes a damping piston 1801, a coil 1802, a fixing plate 1803, and a second cross-shaped locking block 1804. The damping piston 1801 is filled with magnetorheological fluid, and fixing plates 1803 are provided at both ends of the damping piston 1801. The coil 1802 is connected between the fixing plates 1803, and the control box 2 is connected to the coil 1802 through wires. The second cross-shaped locking block 1804 is provided on the fixing plate 1803 near the movable block 14, and the second cross-shaped locking block 1804 is aligned with the second cross-shaped groove 1402. When the hydro-generator unit vibrates during operation, the control box 2 monitors the vibration data in real time and adjusts the current of coil 1802 according to different vibration frequencies and intensities. The change in current changes the magnetic field strength of the magnetorheological fluid, thereby instantly changing the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid and causing the damping piston 1801 to generate a corresponding damping force. This intelligent dynamic adjustment mechanism can accurately match the vibration requirements under different working conditions, efficiently absorb and dissipate vibration energy, and significantly improve the adaptability of the damping mechanism to complex vibration environments compared with traditional damping methods.
[0030] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5Both ends of the movable block 14 are provided with the hinge 20, and the hinge 20 comprises the connecting rod 21 and the limiting ring 22, three recesses 2102 are formed on the outer surface of the connecting rod 21 at equal angles, and the outer surface of the connecting rod 21 is provided with the threaded part 2101 matched with the threaded mounting hole 1401, the inner diameter of the limiting ring 22 is matched with the outer diameter of the connecting rod 21, and the inner side of the limiting ring 22 is uniformly provided with the limiting protrusion 2201 matched with the recess 2102, the limiting ring 22 is fixedly connected with the movable block 14 through bolts, the threaded part 2101 is matched with the threaded mounting hole 1401, that is, the connecting rod 21 is threadedly connected with the movable block 14, which is convenient for disassembly, maintenance and assembly, meanwhile, the limiting protrusion 2201 on the inner side of the limiting ring 22 is matched with the recess 2102 on the outer surface of the connecting rod 21, which further enhances the stability of the connection, and the rotation of the connecting rod 21 can be limited after being fixed, and even if the hinge 20 is subjected to strong vibration during the operation of the hydroelectric generating set, the connection between the hinge 20 and the movable block 14 can be ensured not to be loose, the vibration acting force can be effectively transmitted and dispersed, and the structural stability of the damping mechanism can be maintained.
[0031] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 Both ends of the lower pull rod 6 and the upper pull rod 7 are integrally provided with the connecting ring 701, and the inner diameter of the connecting ring 701 is matched with the outer diameter of the connecting rod 21, and the connecting ring 701 is rotationally connected with the connecting rod 21, four lower pull rods 6 and four upper pull rods 7 are provided, and the lower pull rod 6 and the upper pull rod 7 are symmetrically arranged about the damping seat 5, and when the hydroelectric generating set is operated, the four lower pull rods 6 and the four upper pull rods 7 are symmetrically arranged about the damping seat 5, and the uniformly distributed pull rods can evenly bear the vibration acting force generated by the unit, so as to prevent structural deformation or damage caused by uneven force.
[0032] Specific implementation: when the hydroelectric generating set is operated to generate vibration, the vibration is first transmitted to the mounting plate 9, the rubber pad 10 on the top of the mounting plate 9 plays a preliminary buffering role, then the vibration is transmitted to the upper plug column 15 fixedly connected therewith, the piston plate 19 at the bottom of the upper plug column 15 moves in the air cavity 501, cooperates with the piston plate 19 at the top of the lower plug column 4, and absorbs part of the vibration energy by using the compressibility of the gas in the air cavity 501, meanwhile, the vibration causes the upper plug column 15 and the damping seat 5 to move up and down, and drives the movable block 14 to move in the buffer seat 8 through the lower pull rod 6 and the upper pull rod 7, when the movable block 14 is affected by the vibration to move, drives the damping piston 1801 of the magnetorheological damper 18 to move, at this time, the control box 2 changes the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid by adjusting the current passing through the coil 1802, so that the damping piston 1801 generates a corresponding damping force, further absorbs vibration energy, the air pump 13 is connected with the air cavity 501 through the air guide hose 12, can adjust the air pressure in the air cavity 501 in real time according to the vibration condition, enhances the air pressure damping effect, and each component cooperates to effectively suppress the vibration of the hydroelectric generating set, and protects the stable operation of the unit.
[0033] Although the present specification is described in terms of embodiments, not every embodiment exhibits every characteristic or exhibits the characteristics in the same manner. The description herein of any particular embodiment is merely intended to describe the particular embodiment and is not intended to limit or exclude any other embodiment of the scope of the disclosure. Thus, embodiments should be considered in a mutual arbitrary way : none of the statements herein should be taken as limitations on the embodiments defined by the appended claims directed to that specific embodiment, and absolute values should not be taken into account; individual characteristics should be considered individually and all possible combinations made without substitution effects that can adversely affect the object; the mere fact that different features are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these features cannot be used to advantage.
Claims
1. A damping mechanism for a hydroelectric generating set, comprising a base plate, characterized in that: A lower stopper is installed at the center of the top of the base plate, and a shock absorber is installed on the top of the lower stopper. The shock absorber has an air chamber inside, and an upper stopper is installed inside the air chamber. A mounting plate is fixed to the top of the upper stopper, and a rubber pad is adhered to the top of the mounting plate. Buffer seats are connected to both sides of the shock absorber, and movable blocks are installed inside the buffer seats. A buffer spring is installed inside the buffer seat on the side closer to the shock absorber, and a magnetorheological damper is installed inside the buffer seat on the side away from the shock absorber. A pull rod is installed at each of the four corners of the top of the base plate, and an upper pull rod is hinged at each of the four corners of the bottom of the mounting plate. Both the pull rods and the upper pull rods are rotatably connected to the movable blocks.
2. The damping mechanism for a hydroelectric generating set according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the base plate is fixed with a ground plate, and a control box and an air pump are respectively installed on both sides of the top of the ground plate. An air pressure detector is installed at the center of one end of the shock absorber, and the output end of the air pressure detector is electrically connected to the control box. The control box is connected to the magnetorheological shock absorber through a wire, and the air pump is connected to the air chamber through an air guide hose.
3. The damping mechanism for a hydroelectric generating set according to claim 1, characterized in that: Piston plates are installed at the top of the lower piston and the bottom of the upper piston, and the outer diameter of the piston plates matches the inner diameter of the air chamber. Sealing rings are fixed at the top and bottom of the air chamber, and the outer diameters of the lower and upper pistons match the inner diameters of the sealing rings.
4. The damping mechanism for a hydroelectric generating set according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer seat has a first cross groove at the center of the side near the shock absorber seat, and the buffer spring has a limit plate fixed on both sides. The limit plate is provided with a first cross block, and the first cross block is adapted to the first cross groove.
5. The damping mechanism for a hydroelectric generating set according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable block has threaded mounting holes at the center of both ends, and a second cross groove with the same shape as the first cross groove is opened at the center of both sides of the movable block. The movable block has an "I" shaped cross section and matches the internal shape of the buffer seat. The movable block is located between the magnetorheological damper and the buffer spring.
6. The damping mechanism for a hydroelectric generating set according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetorheological damper includes a damping piston, a coil, a fixing plate, and a second cross-shaped locking block. The damping piston is filled with magnetorheological fluid, and fixing plates are provided at both ends of the damping piston. A coil is connected between the fixing plates, and the control box is connected to the coil through a wire. A second cross-shaped locking block is provided on the fixing plate near the movable block, and the second cross-shaped locking block is adapted to the second cross-shaped groove.
7. The damping mechanism for a hydroelectric generating set according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the movable block are equipped with hinges, and the hinges include connecting rods and limiting rings. The outer surface of the connecting rod has three grooves at equal angles, and the outer surface of the connecting rod is provided with a threaded part that matches the threaded mounting hole. The inner diameter of the limiting ring matches the outer diameter of the connecting rod, and the inner side of the limiting ring is evenly provided with limiting protrusions that match the grooves. The limiting ring is fixedly connected to the movable block by bolts.
8. The damping mechanism for a hydroelectric generating set according to claim 7, characterized in that: Both ends of the pull rod and the upper pull rod are integrally provided with connecting rings, and the inner diameter of the connecting ring matches the outer diameter of the connecting rod. The connecting ring is rotatably connected to the connecting rod. There are four pull rods and four upper pull rods respectively, and the pull rods are symmetrically arranged about the shock absorber seat.