Energy storage cabinet and energy storage system capable of discharging smoke directionally

Abstract

The utility model provides an energy storage cabinet and an energy storage system capable of discharging smoke directionally, the energy storage cabinet comprises a box body, the box body is used for accommodating a plurality of stacked battery packs and a smoke discharging pipeline, the smoke discharging pipeline is arranged between a rear wall and the plurality of battery packs, the smoke discharging pipeline extends along the stacking direction of the plurality of battery packs, the smoke discharging pipeline is provided with a plurality of smoke inlets, a plurality of smoke outlets and a plurality of ventilation openings, the smoke outlet and the ventilation opening are both communicated with the external environment of the energy storage cabinet, the position of the smoke outlet in the smoke exhaust pipeline is higher than the position of the ventilation opening, at least part of the battery pack is provided with a pressure release valve towards the outer wall of the smoke exhaust pipeline, a first sealing piece is arranged between the pressure release valve and the smoke inlet, and an opening in one end of the first sealing piece covers the periphery of the pressure release valve. An opening in the other end of the first sealing piece covers the periphery of the smoke inlet. And high-temperature smoke released when the battery pack is subjected to thermal runaway is discharged to the smoke exhaust pipeline through the smoke inlet, and then is released to the external environment through the smoke exhaust port, so that directional smoke exhaust of the energy storage cabinet is realized.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of the original application with the application number 202323352171.4 and the original filing date of December 8, 2023, and the entire contents of the original application are incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage safety, in particular to a directional smoke exhaust energy storage cabinet and an energy storage system. BACKGROUND

[0003] The demand for new energy power generation such as photovoltaic and its supporting energy storage cabinet is becoming stronger and stronger. Energy storage cabinets are widely used due to their high flexibility, high energy density, and high controllability. In actual application, when the battery pack is in thermal runaway, the combustible gas such as H2 and CO released by the pressure relief valve may cause explosion in the relatively closed environment in the cabinet. How to quickly exhaust the combustible gas outside through the pressure relief valve of the battery to avoid the risk of combustion or explosion of the energy storage cabinet has become a problem that needs to be solved in the industry. Utility model content

[0004] The present application provides a directional smoke exhaust energy storage cabinet and an energy storage system. A directional smoke exhaust pipeline is designed for combustible smoke in the energy storage cabinet. When the battery pack in the energy storage cabinet is in thermal runaway, the high-temperature smoke generated in the battery pack is quickly exhausted to the outside of the energy storage cabinet through the directional smoke exhaust pipeline, thereby reducing the risk of combustion and explosion of the energy storage cabinet and improving the safety of the energy storage system.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a directional smoke exhaust energy storage cabinet. The energy storage cabinet includes a cabinet body, the cabinet body is provided with a cabinet door, the cabinet door is arranged in parallel with the rear wall of the cabinet body, the cabinet body is used for accommodating a plurality of stacked battery packs and a smoke exhaust pipeline, the smoke exhaust pipeline is arranged between the rear wall and the plurality of battery packs, and the smoke exhaust pipeline extends along the stacking direction of the plurality of battery packs. The smoke exhaust pipeline is provided with a plurality of smoke inlets, a smoke outlet, and a ventilation opening, the smoke outlet and the ventilation opening are both connected with the external environment of the energy storage cabinet, and the position of the smoke outlet on the smoke exhaust pipeline is higher than the position of the ventilation opening. The plurality of smoke inlets are arranged at intervals along the stacking direction of the plurality of battery packs, at least part of the plurality of battery packs is provided with a pressure relief valve toward the outer wall of the smoke exhaust pipeline, a first sealing element is arranged between the pressure relief valve and the smoke inlet, the first sealing element includes two ends arranged in parallel along the interval direction between the rear wall and the cabinet door, the opening of one end of the first sealing element covers the outer periphery of the pressure relief valve, and the opening of the other end of the first sealing element covers the outer periphery of the smoke inlet.

[0006] When the battery pack is in thermal runaway, the relief valve of the battery pack is opened, the high-temperature gas in the battery pack is released from the opening of the relief valve on the outer wall of the battery pack and the smoke inlet into the smoke exhaust duct, and then discharged to the external environment through the smoke exhaust port of the smoke exhaust duct. There may be a gap between the outer wall of the battery pack and the side wall where the smoke inlet is located. Therefore, the first sealing member is arranged between the battery pack and the smoke inlet, so as to form a sealing structure between the outer wall of the battery pack and the smoke exhaust duct, the high-temperature gas generated by the thermal runaway of a certain battery pack can be directed into the corresponding smoke inlet, the spread of the high-temperature gas released by the battery pack in the battery compartment can be prevented, thereby preventing the thermal runaway from spreading to other battery packs, thereby causing the thermal runaway of the entire energy storage cabinet, and the safety performance of the energy storage cabinet is improved. Moreover, by arranging the smoke exhaust port and the ventilation port in the smoke exhaust duct, the height of the position where the smoke exhaust port is located is higher than the height of the position where the ventilation port is located, so that the smoke released by the battery pack can be released to the external environment under the effect of the chimney effect, and the electrolyte released by the battery pack can be released to the external environment through the ventilation port. In addition, the arrangement of the ventilation port and the smoke exhaust port can maintain the air pressure balance in the smoke exhaust duct and ensure the gas exchange between the inside and outside of the smoke exhaust duct.

[0007] In a possible implementation, the smoke exhaust duct includes two side walls arranged in parallel, one of which is arranged in parallel with the outer wall of the battery pack, and the other of which is located between the one side wall and the rear wall. The one side wall is provided with the plurality of smoke inlets, and the plurality of smoke inlets are arranged at intervals along the stacking direction of the plurality of battery packs. The plurality of smoke inlets and the plurality of battery packs are in one-to-one correspondence. The other side wall is provided with the smoke exhaust port. The plurality of battery packs and the plurality of smoke inlets are in one-to-one correspondence. When the battery pack is in thermal runaway, the high-temperature smoke released by the battery pack can be directed into the smoke exhaust duct through the corresponding smoke exhaust port, thereby preventing the thermal runaway from spreading to other battery packs.

[0008] In a possible implementation, a gap is present between the other side wall and the rear wall, and the gap is filled with a fire-retardant material. When the battery pack is in thermal runaway, the fire-retardant material can separate the rear wall from the smoke exhaust duct filled with high-temperature gas, thereby preventing the entire energy storage cabinet from catching fire.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the lower edge of the smoke exhaust port is higher than the upper edge of the topmost smoke inlet among the plurality of smoke inlets. The chimney effect during smoke exhaust can be better utilized to release the smoke to the external environment as soon as possible.

[0010] In a possible implementation manner, a part of the rear wall is provided with a plurality of exhaust holes, and a projection of the part of the rear wall in a direction away from the cabinet door covers a projection of the smoke outlet in the direction away from the cabinet door. In other words, at least part of the plurality of exhaust holes is arranged opposite to the smoke outlet. When smoke is released from the smoke outlet to the gap between the smoke outlet and the rear wall, the smoke can be released to the external environment through the plurality of exhaust holes as soon as possible.

[0011] In a possible implementation manner, a first baffle is arranged between the rear wall and the other side wall, and a projection of the first baffle in a direction away from the cabinet door covers at least a projection of the plurality of exhaust holes in the direction away from the cabinet door. External foreign matters and accumulated water are prevented from entering the energy storage cabinet through the plurality of exhaust holes, and the safety and reliability of the energy storage cabinet are improved.

[0012] In a possible implementation manner, a second baffle is arranged at the smoke outlet, and the first baffle and the second baffle have a partially overlapped area in a projection in a direction away from the cabinet door. External rainwater and foreign matters can be prevented from entering the energy storage cabinet from multiple angles.

[0013] In a possible implementation manner, the first baffle is fixed to a top wall of the cabinet body and is inclined toward the rear wall, and the second baffle is fixed to a lower edge of the smoke outlet and is inclined toward the rear wall. The first baffle and the second baffle form a labyrinth baffle structure. On one hand, when the energy storage cabinet performs directional smoke exhaust, the first baffle and the second baffle have small resistance to smoke, and do not affect the smoke exhaust effect of the energy storage cabinet. On the other hand, when external rainwater invades, the first baffle and the second baffle can block rainwater from invading at different angles, and thus all-round protection is achieved, and the reliability and safety of the energy storage cabinet are improved.

[0014] In a possible implementation manner, the first baffle is arranged parallel to the rear wall, a plurality of through holes are arranged on the first baffle, and the plurality of through holes are arranged non-overlapped with the plurality of exhaust holes. On one hand, when the battery pack is in thermal runaway, the through holes can timely exhaust smoke. On the other hand, when external rainwater invades, the first baffle can shield the rainwater to a certain extent.

[0015] In a possible implementation manner, the smoke outlet pipe includes a bottom wall, the two side walls are perpendicular to the bottom wall, a second sealing member is arranged between each of the two side walls and the bottom wall and faces the bottom surface of the bottom wall, the ventilation opening is arranged on the bottom wall, and the ventilation opening is located between the two second sealing members. The bottom wall with the ventilation opening located between the two second sealing members can timely discharge the accumulated water and the electrolyte in the smoke outlet pipe to the external environment.

[0016] In a possible implementation manner, the one side wall comprises a plurality of protrusions towards the outer wall of each battery pack, the protrusions are provided with hollow structures, each protrusion is provided with the smoke inlet, the sum of the height of the protrusion and the thickness of the first sealing member is greater than or equal to the height of the pressure relief valve protruding from the outer wall of the battery pack, and the circumferential edge of the protrusion abuts the other end of the first sealing member. The protrusion and the first sealing member jointly form a smoke inlet channel between the side wall and the outer wall of the battery pack. By designing the protrusion, the pressure relief valve of different heights of different models of battery packs can be better adapted, thereby improving the flexibility of the energy storage cabinet and the richness of application scenarios.

[0017] In a possible implementation manner, the smoke exhaust duct comprises a side wall located between the rear wall and the outer wall of the battery pack, the side wall is provided with the plurality of smoke inlets, and the rear wall is provided with the smoke outlet. The rear wall of the cabinet can act as the side wall of the smoke exhaust duct, and the smoke outlet is directly arranged on the rear wall of the cabinet. By adopting this scheme, the communication operation of the smoke outlet and the exhaust hole of the cabinet can be avoided, the assembly process of the energy storage cabinet can be effectively simplified, and the risk of smoke overflowing into the cabinet can be reduced.

[0018] In a possible implementation manner, a baffle is arranged between the smoke outlet and the side wall, and the included angle between the baffle and the side wall is an acute angle. The baffle can shield external foreign matters or rainwater to some extent, so that the foreign matters or rainwater fall vertically along the baffle along the smoke exhaust duct, and are prevented from adhering to the pressure relief valve of the battery pack through the smoke inlet.

[0019] In a possible implementation manner, the side wall is perpendicular to the bottom wall of the smoke exhaust duct, a second sealing member is arranged between the bottom surface of the side wall towards the bottom wall and the bottom wall, the ventilation opening is arranged on the bottom wall, and the ventilation opening is located between the rear wall and the second sealing member. The sealing performance between the smoke exhaust duct and the cabinet is further improved.

[0020] In a possible implementation manner, the rear wall is perpendicular to the bottom wall of the smoke exhaust duct, and the ventilation opening is arranged above the upper region of the junction of the rear wall and the bottom wall. The ventilation opening can be used for discharging accumulated water and electrolyte, and maintaining the air pressure balance inside the smoke exhaust duct when the energy storage cabinet is oriented to exhaust smoke.

[0021] In a possible implementation manner, the smoke exhaust duct includes a top wall, a bottom wall and a side wall, the bottom wall and the top wall are arranged in parallel, the bottom wall and the top wall intersect with the side wall, the side wall is arranged in parallel with the outer wall of the battery pack, the side wall is provided with the plurality of smoke inlets, the top wall is provided with the smoke outlet, and the bottom wall is provided with the ventilation opening. When the battery pack is in thermal runaway, high-temperature flue gas released by the battery pack is exhausted to the external environment through the smoke outlet of the top wall, and the released electrolyte or accumulated water in the smoke exhaust duct can be exhausted to the external environment through the ventilation opening of the bottom wall.

[0022] In a possible implementation manner, the other end of the first sealing member includes an inner wall and an outer wall arranged oppositely, the inner wall is arranged towards the smoke inlet, and a lower edge of the inner wall of the first sealing member is in the same horizontal plane as a lower edge of the smoke inlet, or the lower edge of the inner wall of the first sealing member is higher than the lower edge of the smoke inlet. When external rainwater enters, it can slide from the inner wall of the first sealing member into the smoke exhaust duct, and then be exhausted to the external environment through the ventilation opening, thereby preventing accumulated water from causing sealing failure of the first sealing member, and improving the reliability of the energy storage cabinet.

[0023] In a second aspect, the present application provides an energy storage system, which includes the energy storage cabinet of the first aspect and a power converter, the power converter is configured to convert alternating current output by an external alternating current power source into direct current and output the direct current to the energy storage cabinet, and / or the power converter is configured to convert direct current output by the energy storage cabinet into alternating current and output the alternating current to a load or a power grid.

[0024] In a third aspect, the present application provides a directional smoke exhaust assembly for an energy storage device, the energy storage device includes a plurality of battery packs, the directional smoke exhaust assembly includes a smoke exhaust duct provided with a plurality of smoke inlets, the plurality of battery packs and the plurality of smoke inlets are in one-to-one correspondence, each of the plurality of battery packs is provided with a pressure relief valve, and each pressure relief valve of each battery pack is in communication with the smoke exhaust duct when the pressure relief valve is opened. When the battery pack is in thermal runaway, the pressure relief valve of the battery pack is opened, high-temperature gas in the battery pack is released from the opening of the pressure relief valve on the outer wall of the battery pack and the smoke inlet into the smoke exhaust duct, and then is exhausted to the external environment through the smoke outlet of the smoke exhaust duct. Since the battery pack and the smoke inlet are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, high-temperature gas generated by thermal runaway of a certain battery pack can be directed into the corresponding smoke inlet, the spread of high-temperature gas released by the battery pack in the battery compartment can be prevented, thereby preventing the spread of thermal runaway to other battery packs and causing thermal runaway of the entire energy storage cabinet, and the safety performance of the energy storage cabinet is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 An application scenario diagram of the energy storage cabinet provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in FIG. 4.

[0026] Figure 2 A structure sectional view of the energy storage cabinet in a side view direction according to an embodiment of the present application is provided;

[0027] Figure 3 A structure sectional view of the energy storage cabinet in a front view direction according to an embodiment of the present application is provided;

[0028] Figure 4 A structure schematic view of the energy storage cabinet according to an embodiment of the present application is provided;

[0029] Figures 5 to 7 An enlarged schematic view of structure A in the above figure is provided; Figure 4 An enlarged schematic view of structure B in the above figure is provided;

[0030] Figure 8 An enlarged schematic view of structure C in the above figure is provided; Figure 4 An enlarged schematic view of structure D in the above figure is provided;

[0031] Figure 9 Another structure sectional view of the energy storage cabinet in a side view direction according to an embodiment of the present application is provided;

[0032] Figure 10 An enlarged schematic view of structure E in the above figure is provided; Figure 9 An enlarged schematic view of structure F in the above figure is provided;

[0033] Figure 11 An enlarged schematic view of structure G in the above figure is provided; Figure 9 An enlarged schematic view of structure H in the above figure is provided;

[0034] Figure 12 A structure schematic view of the smoke exhaust duct of the energy storage cabinet according to an embodiment of the present application is provided;

[0035] Figure 13 An enlarged schematic view of structure I in the above figure is provided; Figure 12

[0036] Explanation of reference signs:

[0037] 100 - photovoltaic module, 200 - DC / DC converter, 300 - energy storage cabinet, 400 - DC / AC converter; 500 - power grid; 600 - industrial park;

[0038] 310 - cabinet body; 311 - back wall; 312 - left cabinet wall; 313 - right cabinet wall; 315 - base; 3111 - exhaust hole;

[0039] 320 (3201) - battery pack; 321 - outer wall;

[0040] ​330 - smoke exhaust duct; 3301 - bottom wall; 3302 - top wall; 3303 - third side wall; 3304 - fourth side wall; 331 - smoke inlet; 332 - smoke outlet; 333 - first sealing member; 334 - first side wall; 3341 - second sealing member; 3343 - first portion; 3344 - second portion; 3345 - third portion; 335 - second side wall; 336 - first baffle; 337 - second baffle; 3371 - first bent portion; 3372 - second bent portion; 3373 - third bent portion; 3374 - fourth bent portion; 339 - ventilation opening; 3342 - baffle; 3346 - protruding portion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the following will further describe the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the example embodiments can be implemented in various forms, and should not be understood as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Identical reference numerals in the drawings represent identical or similar structures, and thus repeated description thereof will be omitted. The expressions of position and direction described in the embodiments of the present application are described with reference to the drawings, but can be changed as needed, and the changes made are included in the scope of protection of the present application. The drawings of the embodiments of the present application are only used to show the relative positional relationship and do not represent the true proportions.

[0042] In the embodiments of the present application, the terms "first", "second", and the like are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0043] It should be noted that specific details are set forth in the following description in order to facilitate understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in various other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without departing from the scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0044] For the convenience of understanding, first, the terms related to the embodiments of the present application are explained.

[0045] And / or: is only a description of the associated relationship between the associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which can represent the three cases of A alone, A and B together, and B alone.

[0046] Multiple: refers to two or more than two.

[0047] Connect: refers to electrical connection, the connection between two electrical elements can be direct or indirect connection between two electrical elements. For example, A and B are connected, which can be A and B directly connected, or A and B indirectly connected through one or more other electrical elements, for example, A and B are connected, which can be A and C directly connected, C and B directly connected, A and B are connected through C.

[0048] The following embodiments of the application provide a kind of energy storage cabinet, which can be used in the energy storage application scenario of new energy power generation, such as photovoltaic power generation.

[0049] For example, Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the framework of a photovoltaic system is shown, as Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic system includes a photovoltaic assembly 100, a DC / DC converter 200, an energy storage cabinet 300, and a DC / AC converter 400. The photovoltaic assembly 100 is used to convert solar energy into direct current power. The DC / DC converter 200 is used to convert the direct current generated by the photovoltaic assembly 100 into adjustable direct current, to realize dynamic control of the direct current generated by the photovoltaic assembly 100, balance the output power of each photovoltaic assembly 100, and then output to the energy storage cabinet 300 to store the electrical energy. The direct current output by the energy storage cabinet 300 is converted into alternating current by the DC / AC converter 400 and output to the power grid 500. The alternating current output by the DC / AC converter can also be used to power the industrial and commercial park 600 to meet the power demand of the industrial and commercial park 600.

[0050] The energy storage cabinet 300 includes a plurality of battery packs, which generally include a plurality of batteries. In actual application, the batteries may experience thermal runaway during operation due to mechanical, electrical, thermal abuse, and their own defects. When the temperature uniformity between multiple batteries is poor or the batteries are overcharged or overdischarged, a large amount of flammable gas is generated inside the battery due to thermal runaway, which has a high risk of explosion. The shock wave, heat radiation, and debris generated by the disintegration of the cabinet can pose a threat to the safety of nearby people or objects. The battery pack also has the risk of thermal runaway valve opening. When the valve is opened, the release of flammable gases such as H2 and CO may cause an explosion in a relatively closed environment inside the cabinet, causing harm to the surrounding environment or people. If the high-temperature flue gas cannot be discharged in time, the high-temperature flammable flue gas will accumulate inside the battery pack or be discharged into the energy storage device through the pressure relief valve of the battery pack. When the high-temperature flammable flue gas accumulates inside the battery pack, the battery pack will explode due to insufficient strength. When the high-temperature flammable flue gas is directly discharged into the energy storage device, the high-temperature flammable flue gas will impact the normally operating battery packs around it, causing secondary harm.

[0051] To solve the problem of thermal runaway of the energy storage cabinet, the application provides an energy storage cabinet 300, the structure of which is referred toFigure 2 As shown, Figure 2 is a sectional view in the side direction of the energy storage cabinet 300. The energy storage cabinet 300 includes a cabinet body 310 and a plurality of battery packs 320 arranged in a stack, the plurality of battery packs 320 being arranged along the height direction of the energy storage cabinet (z direction in the figure). Figure 2 The z direction is the height direction of the energy storage cabinet, and the x direction is the width direction of the energy storage cabinet). In other words, the plurality of battery packs 320 are arranged in a stack along the z direction to meet the requirements of the energy storage cabinet in a large-capacity application scenario. The cabinet body 310 accommodates the plurality of battery packs 320, and a plurality of battery supports can be arranged inside the cabinet body 310, the plurality of battery supports being arranged at intervals along the z direction, and the battery supports extending along the x direction. Each battery pack 320 can be placed on a corresponding support and fixedly connected to the support, so that the battery pack 320 is fixed inside the cabinet body 310, so that the battery pack 320 inside the cabinet body 310 is not prone to shaking during transportation or transportation, and the reliability of the energy storage cabinet 300 is ensured.

[0052] Continuing to refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 the front sectional view of the energy storage cabinet 300 (the y direction in the figure is the length direction of the energy storage cabinet). The cabinet body 310 includes cabinet walls, and the cabinet body 310 can include three cabinet walls and a cabinet door. The cabinet wall opposite to and parallel to the cabinet door (not shown in the figure) is the rear wall 311, and the other two cabinet walls can be the left wall 312 and the right wall 313, respectively. The exhaust pipe 330 is arranged on the rear wall 311, that is, the exhaust pipe 330 is located between the rear wall 311 and the plurality of battery packs 320. The exhaust pipe 330 extends along the z direction, and the exhaust pipe 330 is provided with a plurality of smoke inlets 331, a smoke outlet 332 and a ventilation port 339. The plurality of smoke inlets 331 are arranged at intervals along the z direction and correspond to the battery packs 320 one by one. The plurality of smoke inlets 331 and the smoke outlet 332 are in communication with the exhaust pipe 330, and the smoke outlet 332 and the ventilation port 339 are in communication with the external environment of the energy storage cabinet 300. The position of the smoke outlet 332 on the exhaust pipe 330 is higher than the position of the ventilation port 339.

[0053] A pressure relief valve is arranged on the outer wall 321 of the battery pack 320, and a first sealing member 333 is arranged between the pressure relief valve and the smoke inlet. The first sealing member 333 includes two ends arranged in parallel along the x direction. The opening of one end of the first sealing member 333 covers the outer circumference of the pressure relief valve, and the opening of the other end of the first sealing member 333 covers the outer circumference of the smoke inlet 331 corresponding to the pressure relief valve, thereby forming a sealed structure between the battery pack 320 and the corresponding smoke inlet 331. The first sealing member 333, the first side wall 334 and the outer wall 321 of the battery pack 320 form a sealed space, and the pressure relief valve on the outer wall 321 of the battery pack 320 is located in the sealed space. When the battery pack 320 is installed from the cabinet door to the inside of the energy storage container, a tool is generally used to move the battery pack 320 along the x direction, and the first sealing member 333 is arranged on the outer wall 321 of the battery pack 320 to prevent the battery pack 320 from being damaged by the tool. Figure 2The first sealing member 333 is compressed in the x direction by the pressure of the battery pack 320, and the first sealing member 333 is pressed against the first side wall 334 in the x direction. The sealing between the battery pack 320 and the smoke exhaust duct 330 is achieved by the compression of the first sealing member 333, so as to avoid the spread of the smoke into the box 310, and to avoid the spread of the thermal runaway to other battery packs 320. For example, the first sealing member 333 is a sealing rubber strip. When the battery pack 320 is pressed against the first side wall 334, the compression ratio of the sealing rubber strip can be 1 / 3-1 / 2, so as to achieve the sealing between the smoke exhaust duct 330 and the battery pack 320. The first sealing member 333 can also be sealing glue.

[0054] When the pressure relief valve of the battery pack 320 is opened, the battery pack 320 is communicated with the smoke exhaust duct 330 through the pressure relief valve and the smoke inlet 331 corresponding to the battery pack 320. That is, the connection between the battery pack 320 and the smoke exhaust duct 330 is controlled by controlling the opening and closing of the pressure relief valve. When the battery pack 3201 occurs thermal runaway, the pressure relief valve of the battery pack 3201 is opened, and the high-temperature gas released by the battery pack 3201 is released into the smoke exhaust duct 330 from the opening of the pressure relief valve of the battery pack 3201 and the smoke inlet 331, and then is discharged to the external environment through the smoke outlet 332 of the smoke exhaust duct 330. The gas flow direction is shown in FIG. 6. Figure 2the arrow direction in the figure. In addition, the battery pack 3201 also generates a large amount of electrolyte when thermal runaway occurs, which is released into the smoke exhaust duct 330 through the opening of the pressure relief valve and the smoke inlet 331, and then falls downward along the direction opposite to the z direction under the action of gravity. The smoke outlet 332 is arranged below the smoke outlet 332, and the high-temperature gas released by the battery pack 3201 can be released to the external environment from the smoke outlet 332 at the upper part of the smoke exhaust duct 330 under the effect of the chimney effect. The electrolyte released by the battery pack 3201 is released to the external environment from the ventilation port 339 at the lower part of the smoke exhaust duct 330. Moreover, due to the arrangement of the ventilation port 339, the internal and external air pressures of the smoke exhaust duct 330 can be balanced. The high-temperature gas generated by the battery pack 320 is prevented from being discharged into the smoke exhaust duct 330, which causes the internal air pressure of the smoke exhaust duct 330 to decrease sharply, resulting in deformation of the smoke exhaust duct 330. At the same time, the high-temperature gas generated by the battery pack 320 can be quickly discharged to the external environment, reducing the risk of combustion and explosion of the battery pack 320. Moreover, due to the one-to-one correspondence between the battery pack 320 and the smoke inlet 331, the high-temperature gas generated by the thermal runaway of a certain battery pack 320 can be directed into the corresponding smoke inlet 331, preventing the spread of high-temperature gas released by the battery pack 320 inside the battery compartment, thereby preventing the spread of thermal runaway to other battery packs 320, thereby causing thermal runaway of the entire energy storage cabinet 300. The directional smoke exhaust duct 330 arranged in the energy storage cabinet can prevent the high-temperature flue gas from gathering inside the energy storage cabinet 300, causing the battery box to explode, or spreading from the energy storage cabinet 300 to the inside of the battery pack 320, causing secondary harm, thereby improving the safety performance of the energy storage cabinet 300.

[0055] The energy storage cabinet further comprises a base 315, which serves as the foundation support of the energy storage cabinet 300 and can improve the mechanical structural stability of the energy storage cabinet 300. Moreover, the bottom surface of the energy storage cabinet can be prevented from directly contacting the ground, thereby preventing the energy storage cabinet from being damp.

[0056] It should be noted that the shape of the smoke exhaust duct 330 is not limited, and the smoke exhaust duct 330 can be a cylindrical tubular structure or a square tubular structure.

[0057] It should be noted that the shape and number of the smoke outlet 332 and the smoke inlet 331 are not limited. For example, the smoke outlet 332 and the smoke inlet 331 can be any shape, which can be, but is not limited to, a regular shape such as a circle or a square, or some possible irregular shape. The number of smoke outlets 332 can be one or more. The smoke inlet 331 can also include multiple smoke inlets.

[0058] To ensure the smoke exhaust effect, the sum of the areas of the smoke outlet 332 and the smoke inlet 331 should be greater than the area of the battery pack 320 through which gas can flow after the pressure relief valve is opened, so as to avoid the accumulation of high-temperature smoke and flammable gas inside the battery pack 320 or inside the smoke exhaust duct 330, thereby preventing explosion.

[0059] The embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit the type of the pressure relief valve on the battery pack 320. For example, the pressure relief valve can be a pressure relief piece made of metal or plastic with a notch as a pressure relief element, which breaks to release pressure when a certain pressure is reached. The pressure relief valve can also be a waterproof and air-permeable pressure relief valve, which is provided with a waterproof and air-permeable film inside. When the battery pack 320 is in a normal working state, the gas inside the battery pack 320 exchanges with the outside through the pressure relief valve, maintaining the balance of the air pressure inside the battery pack 320. The waterproof and air-permeable film can prevent dust and water droplets from entering the inside of the battery pack 320. When thermal runaway occurs inside the battery pack 320, causing the air pressure inside the battery pack 320 to be too high, the pressure relief valve is opened to quickly release the gas inside the battery pack 320, thereby achieving pressure relief. In addition, the pressure relief valve has the function of oxygen blocking under positive pressure. On the one hand, the pressure relief valve can prevent external oxygen from entering the battery pack 320. On the other hand, the gas inside the battery pack 320 can exchange with the outside through the pressure relief valve.

[0060] It should be noted that the pressure relief valve can be actively opened, for example, when the air pressure inside the battery pack 320 is too high, the pressure relief valve is automatically opened to release pressure. The pressure relief valve can also be passively opened by being connected to a control module (for example, a BMS, Battery Management System, which is used for intelligent management and maintenance of the battery). For example, a smoke sensor, a flammable gas sensor or a temperature sensor can be arranged inside the battery pack 320. When the above-mentioned sensors detect abnormal air pressure, abnormal gas or abnormal temperature inside the battery pack 320, the BMS controls the pressure relief valve of the corresponding battery pack 320 to open, so that the battery pack 320 is in communication with the smoke exhaust duct 330, thereby realizing the directional discharge of the smoke released by the battery pack 320 in the case of thermal runaway.

[0061] In one example, the smoke exhaust duct 330 can also be a component independent of the box 310. Its structure can refer to the structure of the smoke exhaust duct 330 shown in the structural schematic diagram of the energy storage cabinet. Figure 4 When the cross section of the smoke exhaust duct 330 is square, the smoke exhaust duct 330 can include four side walls connected in sequence. The first side wall 334 and the second side wall 335 are arranged in parallel, and the second side wall 335 is located between the first side wall 334 and the rear wall 311. The first side wall 334 and the plurality of battery packs 320 are arranged in parallel, and the second side wall 335 is located between the first side wall 334 and the rear wall 311. Figure 4(Not shown in the image) Parallel arrangement, multiple smoke inlets 331 are provided on the first sidewall 334, each smoke inlet 331 corresponding to a multiple battery pack 320, and each smoke inlet 331 is positioned opposite to the pressure relief valve of each battery pack 320. (Continue referring to...) Figure 5 Showing Figure 4 The enlarged schematic diagram of region A shows that the second sidewall 335 has a smoke exhaust port 332, the lower edge of which is higher than the upper edge of the smoke inlet 331 located at the top of the first sidewall 334. The upper region of the rear wall 311 has multiple exhaust holes 3111, and the projection of this upper region in the x-direction is greater than the orthographic projection of the smoke exhaust port 332 in the x-direction. When the battery pack 320 experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature gas released by the battery pack 320 is released into the smoke exhaust pipe 330 through the smoke inlet 331, then through the smoke exhaust port 332 on the upper part of the second sidewall 335 into the gap between the rear wall 311 and the second sidewall 335, and finally through the multiple exhaust holes 3111 on the rear wall 311 to the external environment, thus achieving directional smoke exhaust from the energy storage cabinet 300.

[0062] Continue to refer to Figure 4 A gap 316 exists between the second sidewall 335 and the rear wall 311, and this gap 316 is filled with flame-retardant material. In the event of thermal runaway in the battery pack 320, the flame-retardant material can isolate the rear wall 311 from the exhaust duct 330 filled with high-temperature gases, preventing a fire in the entire energy storage cabinet 300. The flame-retardant material can be rock wool, calcium carbonate board, and silicon dioxide, or it can be flame retardants such as bromine-based, nitrogen-based, and red phosphorus compounds, or antimony trioxide, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, and silicon-based flame-retardant materials.

[0063] In another example, in order to better utilize the chimney effect during exhaust, the lower edge of the exhaust port 332 is designed to be higher than the upper edge of the topmost of the multiple exhaust ports 331.

[0064] Because multiple vents 3111 and exhaust ports 332 connect the external environment to the exhaust duct 330, rainwater and dust may enter the exhaust duct 330 through these vents during rainy weather. This could lead to water accumulation at the first seal 333, damaging the sealing structure and creating a gap between the battery pack 320 and the first sidewall 334. If one battery pack 320 experiences thermal runaway, the released gases may escape through this gap into the energy storage cabinet 300, potentially spreading the thermal runaway to other battery packs 320 and causing thermal runaway of the entire energy storage cabinet 300. Therefore, to prevent rainwater from entering the exhaust duct 330, a labyrinth baffle structure can be installed between the rear wall 311 and the second sidewall 335. (See also...) Figure 5The first baffle 336 is fixed to the top wall of the cabinet 310 and is arranged at the plurality of smoke outlets 332. The orthographic projection of the first baffle 336 in the x direction covers at least the orthographic projection of the plurality of exhaust holes 3111 in the x direction, thereby ensuring the shielding effect of the smoke outlet 332.

[0065] In addition, the second baffle 337 is arranged at the smoke outlet 332 and is fixed to the lower edge of the smoke outlet 332. There is a gap between the first baffle 336 and the second baffle 337, and the orthographic projection of the first baffle and the second baffle in the x direction partially overlaps. In order to reduce the resistance of the first baffle 336 and the second baffle 337 to the flue gas when the energy storage cabinet 300 is oriented to exhaust smoke, the first baffle 336 and the second baffle 337 are both inclined towards the rear wall. Figure 6 The figure is a schematic diagram of the flow direction of the gas inside the battery pack when the battery pack is in thermal runaway. The flow direction of the high-temperature flue gas released by the battery pack 320 in thermal runaway is shown by the arrow direction in Figure 6 . Figure 7 The figure is a schematic diagram of the flow direction of external rainwater. When the external environment is rainy, the external rainwater enters the gap between the rear wall 311 and the second side wall 335 through the upper half of the exhaust hole 3111, and is blocked by the first baffle 336. When the external rainwater enters the gap between the rear wall 311 and the second side wall 335 through the lower half of the exhaust hole 3111, it is blocked by the second baffle 337, thereby achieving all-round rain protection for the smoke exhaust duct. The reliability and safety of the energy storage cabinet 300 are improved.

[0066] Continuing to refer to Figure 5 , the second baffle 337 and the rear wall 311 have a plurality of connection modes. For example, the second baffle 337 includes a first bending portion 3371, a second bending portion 3372, a third bending portion 3373, and a fourth bending portion 3374. The first bending portion 3371 is inclined towards the rear wall 311, the included angle between the first bending portion 3371 and the second bending portion 3372 is obtuse, the second bending portion 3372 is parallel to the second side wall 335 and is connected, the third bending portion 3373 is connected between the second bending portion 3372 and the fourth bending portion 3374, and the fourth bending portion 3374 is parallel to the rear wall 311 and is connected. The third bending portion 3373 is located below the plurality of exhaust holes 3111, and the third bending portion 3373 divides the space between the rear wall 311 and the second side wall 335 into an upper space and a lower space, and the lower space is filled with a fire-retardant material.

[0067] It should be understood that the above-mentioned designs of the first baffle 336 and the second baffle 337 can also prevent external foreign matters from entering. For example, in a sandstorm weather, external foreign matters may enter the inside of the smoke exhaust duct 330 through the exhaust holes 3111 and the smoke exhaust port 332 under the action of natural wind, and then adhere to the surface of the pressure relief valve through the smoke inlet 331, causing the pressure relief valve to be blocked. Once the battery pack 320 is in thermal runaway, the pressure relief valve cannot be opened in time due to the blockage, and the high-temperature smoke generated by the battery pack 320 accumulates inside the battery pack 320, thereby causing an explosion. The labyrinth baffle structure arranged at the smoke exhaust hole can block the external entering foreign matters to a certain extent, thereby improving the reliability and safety of the energy storage cabinet 300.

[0068] In another example, the first baffle 336 is arranged parallel to the rear wall 311, and a plurality of through holes can be arranged on the first baffle 336, which are arranged non-overlappingly with the plurality of exhaust holes 3111. In other words, the plurality of through holes and the plurality of exhaust holes 3111 are arranged staggeredly, and when external rainwater enters, the first baffle 336 can block the rainwater to a certain extent. At the same time, when the battery pack 320 is in thermal runaway, the through holes can timely exhaust the smoke.

[0069] It should be understood that, in order to ensure the balance of the air pressure inside the smoke exhaust duct 330 during smoke exhaust, the smoke exhaust duct 330 is also provided with a ventilation port 339, and the position of the smoke exhaust port 332 on the smoke exhaust duct 330 is higher than the position of the ventilation port 339. For example, the ventilation port 339 can be arranged on the bottom wall 3301 of the smoke exhaust duct 330, and the bottom wall 3301 is perpendicular to the first side wall 334 and the second side wall 335. The structure of the ventilation port 339 can refer to the enlarged schematic view of position B in FIG. 10. Figure 8 Figure 8 For Figure 4 The ventilation port 339 is arranged on the bottom wall 3301 of the smoke exhaust duct 330. When the battery pack 320 is in thermal runaway, the pressure relief valve of the battery pack 320 is opened, and the high-temperature gas released by the battery pack 320 is released into the smoke exhaust duct 330 from the smoke inlet 331, and then is discharged to the external environment through the smoke exhaust port 332 of the smoke exhaust duct 330. When the battery pack 320 is in thermal runaway, a large amount of electrolyte is released, which falls downward under the action of gravity after being released into the inside of the smoke exhaust duct 330 through the opening of the pressure relief valve and the smoke inlet 331, and then is released to the external environment from the ventilation port 339 of the top wall 3302 of the smoke exhaust duct 330.

[0070] ​The smoke exhaust duct 330 is an independent component relative to the energy storage cabinet 300, and the first side wall 334 and the second side wall 335 can be fixed to the inside of the box body 310 by welding or other connection methods. In order to further simplify the structural design of the smoke exhaust duct 330 inside the box body 310, the smoke exhaust duct 330 can reuse the bottom wall of the energy storage cabinet 300. In order to ensure the sealing between the smoke exhaust duct 330 and the box body 310, a second sealing element 3341 can be arranged between the bottom surface of the first side wall 334 and the second side wall 335 towards the bottom wall 3301 and the bottom wall. The structural position relationship of the second sealing element 3341 can continue to refer to Figure 8 The vent 339 is located at the bottom wall between the two second sealing elements 3341, which can timely discharge the accumulated water and electrolyte inside the smoke exhaust duct 330 to the external environment. Moreover, the smoke exhaust duct 330 reuses the bottom wall of the energy storage cabinet 300, which saves the manufacturing step of punching again and improves the production efficiency.

[0071] In another example, the smoke exhaust duct 330 can be integrally formed with the box body 310, which can effectively simplify the structure of the energy storage cabinet 300. At this time, the rear wall 311 of the box body 310 can act as the side wall of the smoke exhaust duct 330, and the smoke exhaust port 332 is directly arranged on the rear wall 311 of the box body 310. The scheme can avoid the communication operation of the smoke exhaust port 332 and the exhaust hole of the box body 310, which can effectively simplify the assembly process of the energy storage cabinet 300 and reduce the risk of smoke overflow into the box body 310. The structure of the smoke exhaust duct 330 and the box body can refer to the structural schematic diagram of the energy storage cabinet 300 shown in Figure 9 The smoke exhaust duct 330 includes a first side wall 334, which is located between the rear wall 311 and the outer wall 321 of the battery pack 320, and a plurality of smoke inlets 331 are arranged on the first side wall 334. The rear wall 311 is provided with a smoke exhaust port 332, which can be a plurality of smoke exhaust holes 3111.

[0072] Continue to refer to Figure 9 In order to prevent external rainwater from entering the smoke exhaust duct 330, a baffle 3342 is arranged between the smoke exhaust port 332 and the first side wall 334, and the included angle between the baffle 3342 and the first side wall 334 is an acute angle. The structural position of the baffle 3342 can refer to Figure 10 , Figure 10 Figure 9 ​An enlarged schematic view of the middle C region. The baffle 3342 is located between the smoke outlet 332 and the first side wall 334, and the baffle 3342 is fixedly connected with the first side wall 334. The included angle between the baffle 3342 and the first side wall 334, that is, the angle 1, is an acute angle. That is, the baffle 3342 is inclined toward the smoke outlet 332. The pressure relief valve of the battery pack 320 located near the smoke outlet 332 is arranged toward the smoke inlet 331 of the first side wall 334. When the external environment is poor, for example, in a sandstorm, external foreign matters may enter the inside of the smoke duct 330 through the smoke outlet 332 under the action of natural wind, and then adhere to the surface of the pressure relief valve through the smoke inlet 331, causing the pressure relief valve to be blocked. Once the battery pack 320 is in thermal runaway, the pressure relief valve cannot be opened in time due to the blockage, and the high-temperature flue gas generated by the battery pack 320 accumulates inside the battery pack 320, thereby causing an explosion. The baffle 3342 inclined toward the smoke outlet 332 arranged at the smoke outlet 332 can shield the external foreign matters or rainwater to a certain extent. After the rainwater or foreign matters intrude into the inside of the smoke duct 330, they will fall vertically along the baffle 3342 along the smoke duct 330.

[0073] It should be understood that the smoke duct 330 can also reuse the bottom wall of the box body 310. The first side wall 334 and the rear wall 311 are perpendicular to the bottom wall 3301 of the smoke duct 330. In order to improve the sealing between the first side wall 334 and the bottom wall 3301, a second sealing member is arranged between the bottom surface of the first side wall 334 facing the bottom wall 3301 and the bottom wall. The ventilation opening 339 is arranged on the bottom wall, and the ventilation opening 339 is located between the rear wall and the second sealing member.

[0074] In another example, the smoke duct 330 can not reuse the bottom wall of the box body. For example, the first side wall 334 is a sheet metal part, and the first side wall includes three parts, which are bent in a "Z" shape. The first part 3342 is arranged in parallel with the rear wall 311, and the first part 3342 is provided with a plurality of smoke inlets 331. The second part 3344 serves as the bottom wall of the smoke duct 330. The third part 3345 is fixedly connected with the rear wall 311. The ventilation opening 339 can be arranged on the rear wall 311, for example, the ventilation opening 339 is arranged in the upper region of the intersection between the rear wall 311 and the bottom wall 3301 of the smoke duct. The structure of the ventilation opening 339 can refer to the description of the first embodiment. Figure 11 , Figure 11 For Figure 9 An enlarged schematic view of the middle C region. The second part 3344 can be designed to be inclined downward, that is, the included angle between the second part 3344 and the first part 3342 is obtuse, and the included angle between the second part 3344 and the rear wall 311 is acute. When rainwater intrudes into the inside of the smoke duct 330, it can slide out from the ventilation opening 339 along the slope of the second part 3344 and be discharged to the external environment.

[0075] In another example, the smoke outlet 332 can also be arranged on the top wall of the smoke duct 330. The structural schematic diagram of the smoke duct 330 can refer to FIG. 3B. Figure 12 As shown in FIG. 3B, the smoke duct 330 includes a top wall 3302, a bottom wall 3301, a first side wall 334 and a second side wall 335. The bottom wall 3301 and the top wall 3302 are arranged in parallel, and the bottom wall 3301 and the top wall 3302 intersect with the first side wall 334 and the second side wall 335. The first side wall 334 is arranged in parallel with the outer wall of the battery pack 320, and the first side wall 334 is provided with a plurality of smoke inlets 331. The top wall 3302 is provided with a smoke outlet 332, and the bottom wall 3301 is provided with a ventilation opening 339. The high-temperature smoke released by the battery pack 320 when the battery pack 320 is in thermal runaway is discharged to the external environment through the smoke outlet 332 of the top wall 3302. The released electrolyte or the accumulated water inside the smoke duct 330 can be discharged to the external environment through the ventilation opening 339 of the bottom wall 3301.

[0076] It should be understood that the second side wall 335 can be reused as the rear wall 311 of the energy storage cabinet 300, thereby simplifying the structural design of the energy storage cabinet 300.

[0077] Figure 13 For Figure 12 The cross-sectional view of the E area in FIG. 3B, the structure of the first sealing member 333, and the other end of the first sealing member 333 includes an inner wall 3331 and an outer wall 3332 arranged opposite to each other. The inner wall 3331 of the first sealing member is arranged towards the smoke inlet 331. The lower edge of the inner wall 3331 of the first sealing member is on the same horizontal plane as the lower edge of the smoke inlet 331, or the lower edge of the inner wall 3331 of the first sealing member is higher than the lower edge of the smoke inlet 331. If external rainwater enters the smoke duct 330, it may be attached to the inner wall 3331 of the first sealing member 333 through the smoke inlet 331. If the lower edge of the inner wall 3331 of the first sealing member 333 is lower than the lower edge of the smoke inlet 331, the rainwater will accumulate on the inner wall 3331 of the first sealing member 333, which may cause the first sealing member 333 to fail over a long period of time, thereby causing sealing failure and failing to achieve directional smoke exhaust. Therefore, the lower edge of the inner wall 3331 of the first sealing member 333 is designed to be not lower than the lower edge of the smoke inlet 331. When external rainwater enters, it can slide from the inner wall 3331 of the first sealing member 333 into the smoke duct, and then be discharged to the external environment through the ventilation opening 339, thereby improving the reliability of the energy storage cabinet 300.

[0078] In another example, the first side wall 334 includes a plurality of protrusions 3346 towards the outer wall 321 of the battery pack 320. The structure of the protrusion 3346 can continue to refer to Figure 12 and Figure 13The protruding portion 3346 is provided with a hollow structure, each protruding portion 3346 is provided with a smoke inlet, and the height of the protruding portion 3346 plus the thickness of the first sealing piece 333 is greater than or equal to the height of the pressure relief valve protruding from the outer wall 321 of the battery pack 320. The periphery of the protruding portion 3346 abuts the other end of the first sealing piece 333. The protruding portion 3346 and the first sealing piece 333 together form a smoke inlet channel between the first side wall 334 and the outer wall 321 of the battery pack 320. By designing the protruding portion 3346, the pressure relief valve of different models of battery packs 320 with different heights can be better adapted, thereby improving the flexibility of the energy storage cabinet 300 and the richness of the application scenarios.

[0079] It should be noted that the protruding portion 3346 and the first side wall 334 can be an integral piece formed integrally. Such a design can enhance the firmness and sealing performance of the smoke exhaust duct 330. In another example, the protruding portion 3346 can also be a component independent of the first side wall 334 and be fixedly connected by welding or the like.

[0080] In another example, the structure of the energy storage cabinet 300 can refer to Figure 3 The smoke exhaust port 332 can also be provided on the left wall 312 and the right wall 313 of the cabinet 310. The left wall 312 and the right wall 313 of the energy storage cabinet are arranged in parallel along the y direction, and the cabinet door and the rear wall are arranged in parallel along the x direction. The smoke exhaust duct 330 is located between the battery pack 320 and the rear wall. When the cross section of the smoke exhaust duct 330 is square, the smoke exhaust duct 330 includes four side walls connected in sequence, wherein the first side wall 334 and the second side wall 335 are arranged in parallel along the x direction, and the third side wall 3303 and the fourth side wall 3304 are arranged in parallel along the y direction. That is, the first side wall 334 is arranged in parallel with the battery pack 320, and the second side wall 335 is arranged in parallel with the rear wall. The smoke exhaust port 332 can be arranged on the third side wall 3303 or the fourth side wall 3304, and the exhaust hole can be arranged on the left wall 312 or the right wall 313 of the cabinet 310. A duct is arranged between the exhaust hole and the smoke exhaust port to realize the communication therebetween.

[0081] Based on the same application concept, the embodiments of the present application also provide an energy storage system, which includes the energy storage cabinet and the power converter. The power converter is used to convert alternating current output by an external alternating current power supply into direct current output to the energy storage cabinet, and / or the power converter is used to convert direct current output by the energy storage cabinet into alternating current output to a load or a power grid.

[0082] Based on the same application concept, the embodiment of the present application also provides a directional smoke exhaust assembly for an energy storage device, the energy storage device comprising a plurality of battery packs, the directional smoke exhaust assembly comprising a smoke exhaust duct, the smoke exhaust duct being provided with a plurality of smoke inlets, the plurality of battery packs and the plurality of smoke inlets corresponding to each other in one-to-one manner; each battery pack is provided with a pressure relief valve, and each battery pack is communicated with the smoke exhaust duct after the pressure relief valve of each battery pack is opened. The directional smoke exhaust assembly can be located inside the energy storage device or outside the energy storage device. On the one hand, the smoke exhaust duct can be communicated with the battery packs inside the energy storage device, and on the other hand, the smoke exhaust duct can be connected with a water tank. When thermal runaway occurs in a certain battery pack, the high-temperature flue gas generated by the battery pack can be transmitted to the water tank through the smoke exhaust duct, so as to prevent the flue gas from gathering in the battery pack and causing fire or explosion accidents.

[0083] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed in the present application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A directional smoke exhaust energy storage cabinet, characterized in that, The energy storage cabinet comprises a cabinet body provided with a cabinet door parallel to the rear wall of the cabinet body, the cabinet body is used for accommodating a plurality of stacked battery packs and a smoke exhaust duct, the smoke exhaust duct is arranged between the rear wall and the plurality of battery packs, and the smoke exhaust duct extends along the stacking direction of the plurality of battery packs; The smoke exhaust duct is provided with a smoke exhaust opening and a plurality of smoke inlet openings, the smoke exhaust opening is in communication with the external environment of the energy storage cabinet, and the plurality of smoke inlet openings are arranged along the stacking direction of the plurality of battery packs; The energy storage cabinet comprises a first sealing member, at least part of the plurality of battery packs is provided with a pressure relief valve towards the outer wall of the smoke exhaust duct, the first sealing member comprises two ends arranged along the interval direction between the rear wall and the cabinet door, the opening of one end of the first sealing member covers the outer periphery of the pressure relief valve, and the opening of the other end of the first sealing member covers the outer periphery of the smoke inlet opening.

2. The energy storage cabinet of claim 1, wherein, The smoke exhaust duct comprises a ventilation opening in communication with the external environment, and the position of the smoke exhaust opening on the smoke exhaust duct is higher than the position of the ventilation opening.

3. The energy storage cabinet of claim 2, wherein, The smoke exhaust duct comprises two side walls arranged in parallel, one of the side walls is arranged in parallel to the outer wall of the battery pack, and the other side wall is located between the one side wall and the rear wall. The one side wall is provided with the plurality of smoke inlet openings, the plurality of smoke inlet openings and the plurality of battery packs are in one-to-one correspondence, and the other side wall is provided with the smoke exhaust opening.

4. The energy storage cabinet of claim 3, wherein, There is a gap between the other side wall and the rear wall, and the gap is filled with a fire-retardant material.

5. The energy storage cabinet of claim 3, wherein, Part of the area of the rear wall is provided with a plurality of exhaust holes.

6. The energy storage cabinet of claim 5, wherein, The projection of the part of the area on the interval direction between the rear wall and the cabinet door covers the projection of the smoke exhaust opening on the interval direction between the rear wall and the cabinet door.

7. The energy storage cabinet of claim 5 or 6, wherein, A first baffle is arranged between the rear wall and the other side wall, and the projection of the first baffle on the interval direction between the rear wall and the cabinet door covers at least the projection of the plurality of exhaust holes on the interval direction between the rear wall and the cabinet door.

8. The energy storage cabinet of claim 7, wherein, A second baffle is arranged at the smoke exhaust opening.

9. The energy storage cabinet of claim 8, wherein, The projections of the first baffle and the second baffle on the interval direction between the rear wall and the cabinet door have a partially overlapping area.

10. The energy storage cabinet of claim 8 or 9, wherein, A top wall is arranged between the rear wall and the other side wall, the first baffle is fixed to the top wall and inclined towards the rear wall, and the second baffle is fixed to the lower edge of the smoke exhaust opening and inclined towards the rear wall.

11. The energy storage cabinet of claim 5 or 6, wherein, A first baffle is arranged between the rear wall and the other side wall, and the projection of the first baffle on the interval direction between the rear wall and the cabinet door covers at least part of the plurality of exhaust holes.

12. The energy storage cabinet of claim 8, wherein, The second baffle comprises a first bending part, a second bending part, a third bending part and a fourth bending part connected in sequence, the first bending part is inclined towards the back wall, the included angle between the first bending part and the second bending part is obtuse, the second bending part is connected with the other side wall, the third bending part is connected between the second bending part and the fourth bending part, the fourth bending part is connected with the back wall, the third bending part divides the gap between the back wall and the other side wall into an upper space and a lower space, and the lower space is filled with a fire-retardant material.

13. The energy storage cabinet of claim 7, wherein, The first baffle is arranged in parallel with the back wall, a plurality of through holes are arranged on the first baffle, and the plurality of through holes are arranged without overlapping the plurality of exhaust holes.

14. The energy storage cabinet of claim 3, wherein, The smoke exhaust duct comprises a bottom wall, the two side walls are perpendicular to the bottom wall, and a second sealing member is arranged between the bottom surface of each side wall facing the bottom wall and the bottom wall. The ventilation opening is arranged on the bottom wall and located between the two second sealing members.

15. The energy storage cabinet of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The smoke exhaust duct comprises a side wall located between the back wall and the outer wall of the battery pack, the plurality of smoke inlets are arranged on the side wall, and the back wall is provided with the smoke outlet.

16. The energy storage cabinet of claim 15, wherein, An angle between the baffle and the side wall is an acute angle.

17. The energy storage cabinet of claim 3, wherein, The side wall is perpendicular to the bottom wall of the smoke exhaust duct, and a second sealing member is arranged between the bottom surface of the side wall facing the bottom wall and the bottom wall. The ventilation opening is arranged on the bottom wall and located between the back wall and the second sealing member.

18. The energy storage cabinet of claim 2, wherein, The back wall is perpendicular to the bottom wall of the smoke exhaust duct, and the ventilation opening is arranged above the upper region of the intersection between the back wall and the bottom wall.

19. The energy storage cabinet of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The lower edge of the smoke outlet is higher than the upper edge of the topmost smoke inlet among the plurality of smoke inlets.

20. The energy storage cabinet of claim 3, wherein, One of the side walls comprises a plurality of protruding parts facing the outer wall of each battery pack, the protruding parts are provided with hollow structures, each protruding part is provided with the smoke inlet, the sum of the height of the protruding part and the thickness of the first sealing member is greater than or equal to the height of the protrusion of the pressure relief valve on the outer wall of the battery pack, and the circumferential edge of the protruding part abuts against the other end of the first sealing member.

21. The energy storage cabinet of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The other end of the first sealing member comprises an inner wall and an outer wall arranged oppositely, the inner wall faces the smoke inlet, the lower edge of the inner wall of the first sealing member is on the same horizontal plane as the lower edge of the smoke inlet, or the lower edge of the inner wall of the first sealing member is higher than the lower edge of the smoke inlet.

22. An energy storage system, comprising: The energy storage system comprises the energy storage cabinet and a power converter, the power converter is used to convert alternating current output by an external alternating current power supply into direct current output to the energy storage cabinet, and / or the power converter is used to convert direct current output by the energy storage cabinet into alternating current output to a load or a power grid.

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