Sand prevention reversing valve for petroleum drilling

Abstract

The utility model discloses a sand prevention reversing valve for petroleum drilling, and particularly relates to the technical field of hydraulic equipment. The sand prevention reversing valve for petroleum drilling comprises a reversing valve body and a sand prevention assembly fixed to the reversing valve body, the sand prevention assembly is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, and the liquid outlet is communicated with the liquid inlet of the reversing valve body; the sand prevention assembly comprises a shell, a front liquid inlet channel and a rear liquid inlet channel which are communicated with each other are formed in the shell, and a filter screen is fixed in the rear liquid inlet channel; a containing groove vertically communicated with the front liquid inlet channel is formed in the shell, a plug is installed in the containing groove in a sliding and sealing mode, and an L-shaped channel is formed in the plug. The sand-prevention reversing valve for petroleum drilling achieves filtering of pressure liquid, has the sand-prevention effect, switches the flow direction of the liquid through displacement of the plug, achieves back flushing of the filter screen, can remove gravel without shutdown, and greatly improves continuity of drilling operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of hydraulic equipment technology, and in particular to a sand-proof reversing valve for oil drilling. Background Technology

[0002] Directional control valves are very common in hydraulic systems. They primarily function by changing the direction of fluid flow, thereby enabling different equipment to perform their functions. They are also used in oil drilling to control equipment operation. For example, utility model patent application number 2022222836398 discloses a hydraulic directional control valve, and invention patent application number 2011102168906 discloses a hydraulic directional control valve, a hydraulic directional control valve assembly, and a hydraulic directional control valve control method.

[0003] The directional valve is connected to a hydraulic delivery line. When the hydraulic delivery line is damaged, it needs to be replaced in time. During the oil drilling process, there will be a lot of mud and sand on site. When replacing the line, some mud and sand will inevitably adhere to the inlet of the directional valve. This mud and sand will enter the valve core with the pressurized fluid. If the mud and sand particles are large, it will cause the directional valve to malfunction. If the mud and sand particles are small, they will move into the pressure pump with the pressurized fluid. Over time, this will cause irreversible damage to the pressure pump and even damage the hydraulic system.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a sand-control reversing valve for oil drilling to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] In response to the above situation and to overcome the defects of the existing technology, this utility model provides a sand-prevention reversing valve for oil drilling that filters the pressurized fluid and has a sand-prevention effect. At the same time, by changing the liquid flow direction through plug displacement, the filter screen can be reverse-flushed, and sand and gravel can be removed without stopping the machine, which greatly improves the continuity of drilling operations.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0007] A sand-proof directional valve for oil drilling includes: a directional valve body and a sand-proof assembly fixed on the directional valve body, wherein the sand-proof assembly has an inlet and an outlet, and the outlet is connected to the inlet of the directional valve body.

[0008] The sand control assembly includes a housing, with a forward liquid channel and a rear liquid channel connected inside the housing, and a filter screen fixed inside the rear liquid channel;

[0009] The housing has an internal receiving groove that is perpendicular to the inlet fluid channel. A plug is slidably and sealed inside the receiving groove, and the plug has an L-shaped channel inside.

[0010] The housing is also provided with a connecting channel that connects the rear liquid inlet channel and the receiving tank;

[0011] The bottom of the shell has a sand discharge hole that communicates with the rear liquid inlet channel, and a closable sealing structure is installed at the sand discharge hole.

[0012] By moving the plug to switch the flow path, filtration, cutting off the pressurized fluid, and backwashing the filter screen can be achieved.

[0013] Preferably, the plug is connected to a lead screw, which extends outside the housing and is rotatably and sealingly connected to it; rotating the lead screw drives the plug to move.

[0014] Preferably, a limiting rod is fixed inside the receiving groove, and the plug has a limiting groove adapted to the limiting rod.

[0015] Preferably, the housing is provided with an arc-shaped groove, which connects the inlet fluid channel and the receiving groove to balance the hydraulic pressure when the plug moves downward.

[0016] Preferably, the sealing structure includes an installation groove, a plug that is slidably installed in the installation groove, and a screw fixed on the plug. The screw is threadedly connected to the housing to control the plug to seal or open the sand discharge hole.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] (1) This utility model achieves the filtration of pressure fluid, which has the effect of preventing sand. At the same time, by changing the liquid flow direction through the displacement of the plug, the filter screen can be reversed and the sand can be removed without stopping the machine, which greatly improves the continuity of drilling operations.

[0019] (2) The arc groove design of this utility model balances the hydraulic pressure when the plug moves, ensuring smooth operation and avoiding jamming.

[0020] (3) The screw-driven plugging structure of this utility model can control the opening and closing of the sand discharge hole, and combined with the reciprocating motion of the plug, it can achieve thorough sand discharge. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the sand-control reversing valve for oil drilling provided by this utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the sand control component;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the forward flow of pressurized fluid;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pressurized fluid flow during the plug compression process;

[0025] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the reverse flow of pressurized fluid.

[0026] The corresponding names of the attached figures are: 1-reversing valve body, 2-sand protection component, 3-shell, 4-inlet fluid channel, 5-rear fluid channel, 6-filter screen, 7-receiving groove, 8-plug, 9-L-shaped channel, 10-connection channel, 11-sand discharge hole, 12-screw, 13-limiting rod, 14-limiting groove, 15-arc groove, 16-installation groove, 17-plug, 18-screw. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention include, but are not limited to, the following embodiments.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] like Figure 1-5 As shown, this utility model provides a sand-prevention directional valve for oil drilling, comprising: a directional valve body 1, on which a sand-prevention component 2 is fixedly installed, the sand-prevention component 2 having an inlet and an outlet, the outlet communicating with the inlet of the directional valve body 1, the sand-prevention component 2 including a housing 3, the housing 3 having an inlet fluid channel 4 and a rear inlet fluid channel 5, the inlet fluid channel 4 and the rear inlet fluid channel 5 communicating, when high-pressure liquid enters the inlet hydraulic channel 4 through the hydraulic pipeline, the high-pressure liquid then enters the rear inlet fluid channel 5, and then enters the directional valve body 1 through the rear inlet fluid channel 5. A filter screen 6 is fixed in channel 5, which is used to filter sand and gravel of various sizes in the high-pressure liquid. A receiving groove 7 is provided on the housing 3, which passes through the inlet liquid channel 4 and is perpendicular to it. A plug 8 is slidably and sealed inside the receiving groove 7. An L-shaped channel 9 is provided on the plug 8, which communicates with the receiving groove 7. A connecting channel 10 is also provided on the housing 3, which connects the rear inlet liquid channel 5 and the receiving groove 7. The plug 8, the L-shaped channel 9, and the connecting channel 10 adjust the flow direction of the pressurized liquid inside the housing 3. When the plug 8 moves downward a certain distance (e.g....), the flow direction is adjusted. Figure 3 As shown), the flow sequence of the pressurized fluid is: inlet fluid channel 4 - rear inlet fluid channel 5 - receiving tank 7. During this process, the filter screen 6 filters out the sand and gravel in the pressurized fluid; when the plug 8 penetrates the inlet fluid channel 4 (as shown), the pressurized fluid flows out. Figure 4As shown), at this time, the forward fluid channel 4 is cut off, and the pressure fluid in the hydraulic system cannot enter the rear fluid channel 5. When the plug 8 moves to the end of the receiving tank 7, the pressure fluid in the hydraulic system will enter the receiving tank 7 through the L-shaped channel 9, and the pressure fluid will enter the rear fluid channel 5 through the connecting channel 10. At this time, the flow direction of the pressure fluid is completely opposite to the initial flow direction. In this case, the pressure fluid reverses (opposite to the initial direction) to impact the filter screen 6, which can backwash away the impurities filtered by the filter screen 6. The housing 3 is provided with a sand discharge hole 11, which is connected to the rear fluid channel 5. The housing 3 is also provided with a sealing structure, which is used to seal the sand discharge hole 11. When it is necessary to backwash the filter screen 6, the sealing structure needs to be opened so that the sand and gravel washed off the filter screen 6 can be discharged through the sand discharge hole 11, thereby realizing the washing of the filter screen 6. During the whole process, the hydraulic system does not need to be stopped. It is only necessary to stop operating the reversing valve and put the reversing valve in the neutral position to realize the backwashing of the filter screen.

[0030] Example 2

[0031] like Figure 2 As shown, a screw rod 12 is threaded onto the plug 8. One end of the screw rod 12, away from the plug 8, extends to the outside of the housing 3 and is rotatably and sealingly connected to the housing 3. By rotating the screw rod 12, the plug 8 can be moved.

[0032] Furthermore, a limiting rod 13 is fixedly installed on one side of the receiving groove 7, and a limiting groove 14 is opened on the plug 8. The limiting rod 13 is adapted to the limiting groove 14. In use, the limiting rod 13 is located in the limiting groove 14. During the up and down movement of the plug 8, the cooperation between the limiting rod 13 and the limiting groove 14 can make the plug 8 move stably.

[0033] Example 3

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, an arc-shaped groove 15 is provided inside the housing 3. The arc-shaped groove 15 connects the inlet fluid channel 4 and the receiving groove 7. When the plug 8 descends to... Figure 4 In terms of positioning, without the arc groove 15, it would be difficult for the plug 8 to move downwards because the pressure fluid below the plug 8 would hinder its downward movement. However, due to the presence of the arc groove 15, when the plug 8 moves downwards, the pressure fluid below the plug 8 will enter the inlet fluid channel 4 through the arc groove 15, and then enter the receiving groove 7 above the plug 8 through the rear inlet fluid channel 5 and the connecting channel 10, thereby reducing the difficulty of the plug 8 moving downwards.

[0035] Example 4

[0036] like Figure 2As shown, the sealing structure includes an installation groove 16 on the housing 3, which extends through the sand discharge hole 11. A plug 17 is slidably and sealed inside the installation groove 16. One end of the plug 17 is fixed with a screw 18, which is threadedly connected to the housing 3. When backwashing the filter screen 6, the screw 18 needs to be rotated to move the plug 17 out of the sand discharge hole 11, allowing sand and impurities to be discharged from the sand discharge hole 11 in a timely manner. To remove impurities more thoroughly, the plug 8 is repeatedly moved up and down, causing frequent changes in the flow direction of the pressurized fluid.

[0037] Working principle: During use, high-pressure liquid enters the inlet fluid channel 4 of the sand-proof component 2 from the hydraulic pipeline, flows through the filter screen 6 in the rear inlet fluid channel 5 to filter sand and gravel, and then enters the reversing valve body 1. The plug 8 is moved within the receiving groove 7 by rotating the lead screw 12, achieving three working states:

[0038] Normal filtration state (plug 8 does not move down): Liquid flows sequentially through inlet channel 4 → outlet channel 5 (filter screen filters sand) → reversing valve body 1.

[0039] Flow path interruption state (plug 8 completely penetrates the inlet fluid channel 4): The plug blocks the inlet fluid channel, and the liquid cannot enter the system.

[0040] Backwashing mode (plug 8 moved to the top of receiving tank 7): Liquid flows through L-shaped channel 9 → receiving tank 7 → connecting channel 10 → back into the inlet channel 5. High-pressure liquid impacts the filter screen 6 in the reverse direction, causing the sand adsorbed on the filter screen 6 to fall off; at the same time, the plug 17 of the sand discharge hole 11 is opened, and the sand is discharged through the sand discharge hole. The backwashing process does not require stopping the machine; simply switch the reversing valve to the neutral position. The flushing effect can be enhanced by repeatedly moving the plug 8. When the plug moves down, the arc-shaped groove 15 guides the pressure liquid to balance the pressure in the receiving tank 7, reducing the movement resistance.

Claims

1. A sand-prevention directional valve for oil drilling, comprising a directional valve body (1) and a sand-prevention assembly (2) fixed on the directional valve body (1), wherein the sand-prevention assembly (2) is provided with an inlet and an outlet, and the outlet is connected to the inlet of the directional valve body (1); characterized in that: The sand-proof component (2) includes a housing (3), with a forward liquid channel (4) and a rear liquid channel (5) connected inside the housing (3), and a filter screen (6) fixed inside the rear liquid channel (5). The housing (3) has an internal receiving groove (7) that is perpendicular to the inlet fluid channel (4). A plug (8) is installed in the receiving groove (7) with a sliding seal. An L-shaped channel (9) is provided inside the plug (8). The housing (3) is also provided with a connecting channel (10) that connects the rear liquid inlet channel (5) and the receiving tank (7); The bottom of the housing (3) is provided with a sand discharge hole (11) that communicates with the rear liquid inlet channel (5), and a closable sealing structure is installed at the sand discharge hole (11). By moving the plug (8) to switch the flow path, filtration, cutting off the pressure fluid and backwashing the filter screen (6) can be achieved.

2. The sand-proof reversing valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plug (8) is connected to the screw rod (12), which extends to the outside of the housing (3) and is rotatably sealed to it. Rotating the screw rod (12) drives the plug (8) to move.

3. The sand-proof reversing valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: The receiving groove (7) is fixed with a limiting rod (13), and the plug (8) is provided with a limiting groove (14) that is adapted to the limiting rod (13).

4. The sand-proof reversing valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (3) is provided with an arc-shaped groove (15), which connects the forward liquid channel (4) and the receiving groove (7) to balance the liquid pressure when the plug (8) moves down.

5. The sand-proof reversing valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing structure includes an installation groove (16), a plug (17) that is slidably installed in the installation groove (16), and a screw (18) fixed on the plug (17). The screw (18) is threadedly connected to the housing (3) to control the plug (17) to seal or open the sand discharge hole (11).

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