Railway wagon lower side bearing vertical distance detection mechanism

Abstract

The utility model aims to provide a vertical distance detection mechanism for a lower side bearing of a railway wagon, which is used for detecting the vertical distance of a lower side bearing assembly so as to detect whether the lower side bearing assembly is qualified or not. A railway wagon lower side bearing vertical distance detection mechanism comprises a measurement transfer device, a servo lifting device and a grating ruler measurement device, the measurement transfer device is used for moving a detected lower side bearing to a measurement position below the servo lifting device, and the grating ruler measurement device is driven by the servo lifting device to measure the lower side bearing. The servo lifting device comprises an electric cylinder, a top plate, a lifting plate and a stand column, the electric cylinder is arranged on the stand column through the top plate, and the lifting plate is arranged at the power output end of the electric cylinder; the grating ruler measuring device comprises a grating ruler lifting air cylinder, a testing head and a grating sensor, the grating ruler lifting air cylinder is fixed to the lifting plate, and the grating sensor and the testing head are both fixedly installed at the power output end of the grating ruler lifting air cylinder.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of railway underside bearing detection technology, specifically a mechanism for detecting the vertical distance of railway freight car underside bearings. Background Technology

[0002] The lower side bearing is a crucial component of railway freight cars, installed within the bogie bolster side bearing box and corresponding to the upper side bearing on the car body underframe. The lower side bearing employs a constant-contact structure design, effectively distributing a portion of the vertical load from the car body, thereby reducing the load on the center plate and minimizing center plate wear. When the car body rests on the bogie, the constant-contact elastic side bearing generates a certain amount of compression, creating preload between the upper and lower side bearings. This preload provides a stable and suitable rotational resistance torque to the bogie during operation through frictional resistance between the contact surfaces when the bogie and car body undergo relative rotation or have a tendency to do so. This resistance torque not only effectively suppresses the car body's roll phenomenon but also effectively limits the bogie's swaying motion.

[0003] To ensure the proper functioning of the lower side bearing, the distance between the upper surface of the side bearing wear plate and the upper part of the roller in the free state (hereinafter referred to as the vertical distance) is a crucial indicator, as it is an important factor in ensuring the preload between the upper and lower side bearings. During freight car operation, if the vertical distance is too small, even with adequate side bearing clearance, the actual compression of the side bearing will not reach the nominal value, resulting in reduced preload between the upper and lower side bearings and a decrease in rotational resistance torque. Conversely, if the vertical distance is too large, the preload between the upper and lower side bearings will increase, increasing rotational resistance torque, which is detrimental to curve passage and may cause the upper and lower center plates to become suspended, leading to derailment. Therefore, the maintenance quality of the lower side bearing plays a vital role in ensuring the stability and smoothness of high-speed railway freight car operation.

[0004] Currently, the maintenance of lower side bearings across the railway network has not yet achieved automated online maintenance; instead, a centralized maintenance model is primarily employed. Under this model, after the lower side bearings are disassembled from the bogie on the actual vehicle, they are placed in a centralized collection bin and transported by forklift to the centralized maintenance workshop. Maintenance personnel then conduct individual visual inspections and manual dimensional measurements on each lower side bearing, further disassembling and repairing any defective parts. The inspection, testing, disassembly, and assembly of lower side bearings present a series of problems, including excessive labor intensity, low measurement accuracy, severe dust pollution, significant safety hazards, and low production efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a vertical distance detection mechanism for the lower side bearing of railway freight cars, which solves the technical problem of detecting the vertical distance of the lower side bearing assembly to test whether it is qualified.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is:

[0007] A vertical distance detection mechanism for the underside bearing of a railway freight car includes a servo lifting device and a grating ruler measuring device that measures the component to be tested under the drive of the servo lifting device.

[0008] The servo lifting device includes an electric cylinder, a top plate, a lifting plate, and a column. The electric cylinder is mounted on the column via the top plate, and the lifting plate is mounted on the power output end of the electric cylinder.

[0009] The grating ruler measuring device includes a grating ruler lifting cylinder, a test head, and a grating sensor. The grating ruler lifting cylinder is fixed on a lifting plate, and the grating sensor and the test head are both fixedly installed on the power output end of the grating ruler lifting cylinder.

[0010] Furthermore, the power input end of the electric cylinder is connected to the power output end of the servo motor via a reducer.

[0011] Furthermore, the lifting plate is mounted on the column and moves up and down via a guide sleeve structure.

[0012] Furthermore, the lower end of the lifting plate is provided with a pressure plate, and a limit switch is provided on the pressure plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the grating sensor includes a reading head and a scale grating.

[0014] Furthermore, below the servo lifting device, there is a mechanism for transferring the component being tested.

[0015] Measurement transfer device.

[0016] Furthermore, the measuring and transferring device includes a transfer slide rail and a measuring fixture, the measuring fixture being movable inward and outward on the transfer slide rail.

[0017] Furthermore, the transplanting slide rails are installed on both sides of the upper part of the base plate.

[0018] Furthermore, the transfer cylinder for driving the measuring fixture is located at one end of the transfer slide rail.

[0019] Furthermore, the column is mounted on the base plate.

[0020] The effects provided in the utility model description are merely those of the embodiments, and not all the effects of the utility model. The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The technical solution of this application is adapted to the needs of the automation and intelligent development of freight car maintenance and testing, makes full use of the hardware resources of the existing bogie maintenance production line, optimizes the lower side bearing maintenance process, significantly reduces the labor intensity of operators, improves work efficiency, and meets the matching of the maintenance cycle of the lower side bearing and the bogie.

[0022] 2. The original method of manually measuring the distance from the upper surface of the lower side bearing wear plate to the top of the roller using a ruler has been changed to a precision optical grating ruler measurement technology, achieving an accuracy of ±0.2mm. This avoids human error caused by operators using templates and improves the quality of lower side bearing maintenance.

[0023] 3. Traditional lower side bearing maintenance work is relatively scattered, with a large amount of material handling between processes, high manpower input, and low efficiency. This project tightly connects and organically integrates the two processes of measuring the vertical distance of the lower side bearing and disassembly and assembly, combining the work previously done by multiple people into one that can be completed by one person, reducing manpower input and improving labor productivity. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Front view;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the utility model of this application from another perspective;

[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The left view.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Base plate; 2. Transplanting slide rail; 3. Measuring fixture; 4. Servo motor; 5. Reducer; 6. Electric cylinder; 7. Top plate; 8. Lifting plate; 9. Limit switch; 10. Column; 11. Guide sleeve; 12. Pressure plate; 13. Grating ruler lifting cylinder; 14. Test head; 15. Grating sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0030] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0031] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. In the description of the invention, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as merely or implying relative importance.

[0032] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0033] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a vertical distance detection mechanism for the lower side bearing of a railway freight car includes a measuring and transferring device, a servo lifting device, and a grating ruler measuring device. The measuring and transferring device is used to move the lower side bearing to be detected to a measuring position below the servo lifting device, and the grating ruler measuring device measures the lower side bearing under the drive of the servo lifting device.

[0034] The measuring and transferring device includes a base plate 1, a transferring cylinder, a transferring slide rail 2, and a measuring fixture 3. The transferring slide rail 2 is located on both sides of the upper part of the base plate 1. The measuring fixture 3 is slidably mounted on the transferring slide rail 2. The transferring cylinder for driving the measuring fixture 3 is located at one end of the transferring slide rail 2, so as to realize the measuring fixture 3 measuring and loading along the transferring slide rail 2, and unloading of unqualified lower side bearings. The measuring fixture 3 is provided with two positioning posts for placing and positioning the lower side bearing to be measured, providing a horizontal plane for measuring the vertical distance of the lower side bearing.

[0035] The servo lifting device includes a servo motor 4, a reducer 5, an electric cylinder 6, a top plate 7, a lifting plate 8, a limit switch 9, a column 10, a guide sleeve 11, and a pressure plate 12. The top plate 7 is vertically fixed above the base plate 1 in the measuring and transferring device via the column 10. The servo motor 4 is connected to the electric cylinder 6 via the reducer 5 and fixed to the top plate 7. The lifting plate 8 is movably mounted on the column 10 and connected to the lower piston rod of the electric cylinder 6. As the servo motor 4, reducer 5, and electric cylinder 6 move, the lifting plate 8 moves up and down along the column 10 following the piston. To prevent the lifting plate 8 from jamming with the column 10 during its up-and-down movement, a guide sleeve 11 is added to the mating surface between the lifting plate 8 and the column 10. The pressure plate 12 is fixedly mounted at the lower end of the lifting plate 8 and moves up and down with it. The limit switch 9 is located below the pressure plate 12 and is used to control the stroke. When the pressure plate 12 descends to a certain extent and contacts the flat surface of the lower bearing wear plate of the component being tested, the limit switch 9 is triggered, and the servo motor 4 stops running, serving as the starting point for the vertical distance measurement of the grating ruler measuring device.

[0036] The grating ruler measuring device includes a grating ruler lifting cylinder 13, a test head 14, and a grating sensor 15 (grating ruler). The grating ruler lifting cylinder 13 is fixed on the lifting plate 8, and the grating sensor 15 and the test head 14 are both fixedly installed on the power output end of the grating ruler lifting cylinder 13 to achieve up and down movement; the grating sensor 15 mainly includes a reading head and a scale grating.

[0037] The workflow of this technical solution is as follows: The lower side bearing to be measured is placed on the measuring fixture 3, and the bearing seat is positioned against the positioning column. The transfer cylinder is activated, pushing the measuring fixture 3 along the transfer slide rail 2 to push the lower side bearing to be measured to the measuring position. The servo lifting device descends, causing the pressure plate 12 to move downwards. After the pressure plate 12 contacts the flat surface of the lower side bearing wear plate, the limit switch 9 is triggered, and the pressure plate 12 stops moving. The grating sensor 15 measures the first height position. The grating ruler lifting cylinder 13 moves the test head 14 and the grating sensor 15 downwards. After the test head 14 contacts the generatrix on the roller of the lower side bearing, it stops moving. The grating sensor 15 measures the second height position. The reading head determines the relative movement distance measured by the grating sensor 15, which is the vertical distance of the lower side bearing assembly. Based on the measurement results, it is determined whether the lower side bearing is qualified. Qualified lower side bearings are pushed to the side bearing discharge table by the subsequent lower side bearing discharge robot, while unqualified lower side bearings are returned to the maintenance process by the measuring transfer device.

[0038] Except for the technical features described in the specification, all other technologies are known to those skilled in the art.

[0039] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vertical distance detection mechanism for the underside bearing of a railway freight car, comprising a servo lifting device and a grating ruler measuring device that measures the component to be tested under the drive of the servo lifting device; Its features are, The servo lifting device includes an electric cylinder, a top plate, a lifting plate, and a column. The electric cylinder is mounted on the column via the top plate, and the lifting plate is mounted on the power output end of the electric cylinder. The grating ruler measuring device includes a grating ruler lifting cylinder, a test head, and a grating sensor. The grating ruler lifting cylinder is fixed on a lifting plate, and the grating sensor and the test head are both fixedly installed on the power output end of the grating ruler lifting cylinder.

2. The railway freight car underside bearing vertical distance detection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power input end of the electric cylinder is connected to the power output end of the servo motor through a reducer.

3. The railway freight car underside bearing vertical distance detection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting plate is mounted on the column and moves up and down via a guide sleeve structure.

4. The railway freight car underside bearing vertical distance detection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end of the lifting plate is equipped with a pressure plate, and a limit switch is installed on the pressure plate.

5. The railway freight car underside bearing vertical distance detection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grating sensor includes a reading head and a scale grating.

6. The railway freight car underside bearing vertical distance detection mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, Below the servo lifting device, there is a measuring transfer device for transferring the component being tested.

7. A railway freight car under-bearing vertical distance detection mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that, The measuring and transferring device includes a transplanting slide rail and a measuring fixture, the measuring fixture being movable inward and outward on the transplanting slide rail.

8. A railway freight car underside bearing vertical distance detection mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that, The transplanting slide rails are installed on both sides of the upper part of the base plate.

9. A railway freight car underside bearing vertical distance detection mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that, The transfer cylinder used to drive the measuring fixture is located at one end of the transfer slide rail.

10. A railway freight car underside bearing vertical distance detection mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that, The columns are mounted on the base plate.

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