Coupler and power amplifier

Abstract

The utility model discloses a coupler and a power amplifier. The coupler comprises a first shell, a metal column, a coupling circuit board, a first fixing structure and a second fixing structure. The metal column is located in a cavity in the first shell; the first shell comprises a first surface and a second surface which are oppositely arranged, the first surface comprises a gap, part of the coupling circuit board penetrates through the gap and is located in a cavity in the first shell, and the remaining coupling circuit board protrudes out of the first surface; the gap is wider than the coupling circuit board; in the width direction of the coupling circuit board, the first fixing structure is located on one side of the coupling circuit board, and the second fixing structure is located on one side, away from the first fixing structure, of the coupling circuit board; the vertical projection of the combined structure on the first surface covers the gap. The coupler and the power amplifier are simple in structure, the coupling degree and directivity of the coupler can be guaranteed, the detection sensitivity of the coupler can be improved, and the reliability of the coupler can also be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of coupling technology, and in particular to a coupler and a power amplifier. Background Technology

[0002] A coupler is a general-purpose microwave / millimeter-wave component that can be used for signal isolation, separation, and mixing, such as power monitoring, source output power stabilization, signal source isolation, and frequency sweep testing of transmission and reflection.

[0003] However, existing couplers, under high directivity requirements, are susceptible to coupling accuracy issues caused by structural errors and impedance mismatch, resulting in insufficient signal detection sensitivity. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention provides a coupler and a power amplifier with a simple structure, which can ensure the coupling degree and directionality of the coupler, improve the sensitivity of the coupler detection, and also improve the reliability of the coupler.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, a coupler is provided, the coupler comprising: a first housing, a metal pillar, a coupling circuit board, a first fixing structure, and a second fixing structure;

[0006] The metal column is located in a cavity within the first housing;

[0007] The first housing includes a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other. The first surface includes a gap through which a portion of the coupling circuit board passes and is located in a cavity within the first housing, while the remaining portion of the coupling circuit board protrudes from the first surface.

[0008] In the width direction of the coupling circuit board, the width of the gap is greater than the width of the coupling circuit board;

[0009] In the width direction of the coupling circuit board, the first fixing structure is located on one side of the coupling circuit board, and the second fixing structure is located on the side of the coupling circuit board away from the first fixing structure. The first fixing structure and the second fixing structure are used to fix the coupling circuit board in the first housing.

[0010] The vertical projection of the combined structure onto the first surface covers the gap, wherein the combined structure includes the coupling circuit board, the first fixing structure, and the second fixing structure.

[0011] Optionally, the first fixing structure is detachably connected to the first housing; the first fixing structure is detachably connected to the coupling circuit board;

[0012] The second fixing structure is detachably connected to the first housing; the second fixing structure is detachably connected to the coupling circuit board.

[0013] Optionally, the coupler provided in this embodiment further includes an input conductive post, an output conductive post, a forward coupling conductive post, and a reverse coupling conductive post;

[0014] The first end of the input conductive post is electrically connected to the first end of the metal post, and the second end of the input conductive post protrudes from the first surface;

[0015] The first end of the output conductive post is electrically connected to the second end of the metal post, and the second end of the output conductive post protrudes from the second surface;

[0016] The forward coupling conductive post is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the coupling circuit board, and the reverse coupling conductive post is electrically connected to the second input terminal of the coupling circuit board;

[0017] Both the forward-coupled conductive post and the reverse-coupled conductive post are located on the side of the first surface away from the second surface.

[0018] Optionally, the first fixing structure includes a first fixing plate and a second fixing plate; the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate are integrally connected.

[0019] The second fixing structure includes a third fixing plate and a fourth fixing plate; the third fixing plate and the fourth fixing plate are integrally connected.

[0020] The first fixing plate is detachably connected to the first housing, and the second fixing plate is detachably connected to the coupling circuit board;

[0021] The third fixing plate is detachably connected to the first housing, and the fourth fixing plate is detachably connected to the coupling circuit board;

[0022] Along the length of the coupling circuit board, the length of the first fixing plate is greater than the length of the coupling circuit board, the length of the second fixing plate is greater than the length of the coupling circuit board, the length of the third fixing plate is greater than the length of the coupling circuit board, and the length of the fourth fixing plate is greater than the length of the coupling circuit board.

[0023] Optionally, the coupler provided in this embodiment further includes a first insulating hollow post and a second insulating hollow post; the first insulating hollow post encloses the input conductive post protruding from the first surface;

[0024] The second insulating hollow column encloses the output conductive column that protrudes from the second surface.

[0025] Optionally, the coupler provided in this embodiment also includes an impedance detection module;

[0026] The impedance detection module is located on the second surface of the first housing, away from the first surface;

[0027] The impedance detection module includes a coupling plate, a current detection unit, a voltage detection unit, a current output terminal, and a voltage output terminal.

[0028] The coupling plate includes a through hole surrounding a second insulating hollow column;

[0029] The current detection unit is electrically connected to the coupling plate and the current output terminal;

[0030] The voltage detection unit is electrically connected to the coupling plate and the voltage output terminal.

[0031] Optionally, the voltage detection unit includes a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a first radio frequency transformer, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, and a third capacitor; the current detection unit includes a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, a second radio frequency transformer, an eleventh resistor, a twelfth resistor, a thirteenth resistor, and a fourth capacitor.

[0032] The first terminal of the first resistor is electrically connected to the voltage output terminal, and the second terminal of the first resistor is grounded; the first terminal of the second resistor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first resistor, the second terminal of the second resistor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the third resistor, and the second terminal of the third resistor is grounded; the first terminal of the fourth resistor is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second resistor, and the second terminal of the fourth resistor is grounded; the first terminal of the first RF transformer is electrically connected to the first terminal of the fourth resistor, the second terminal of the first RF transformer is electrically connected to the first terminal of the fifth resistor, the third terminal of the first RF transformer is electrically connected to the coupling plate, the fourth terminal of the first RF transformer is electrically connected to the first terminal of the third capacitor, the fifth terminal of the first RF transformer is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first capacitor; the second terminal of the fifth resistor is grounded; the second terminal of the third capacitor is grounded; the second terminal of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the coupling plate; the first terminal of the sixth resistor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first capacitor, and the second terminal of the sixth resistor is grounded; the first terminal of the second capacitor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the sixth resistor, and the second terminal of the second capacitor is grounded;

[0033] The first terminal of the seventh resistor is electrically connected to the current output terminal, and the second terminal of the seventh resistor is grounded; the first terminal of the eighth resistor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the seventh resistor, and the second terminal of the eighth resistor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the ninth resistor; the first terminal of the ninth resistor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the tenth resistor, and the second terminal of the ninth resistor is grounded; the first terminal of the tenth resistor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second RF transformer, and the second terminal of the tenth resistor is grounded; the second terminal of the second RF transformer is electrically connected to the first terminal of the eleventh resistor, the third terminal of the second RF transformer is electrically connected to the first terminal of the twelfth resistor, the fourth terminal of the second RF transformer is electrically connected to the first terminal of the fourth capacitor, and the fifth terminal of the second RF transformer is electrically connected to the first terminal of the thirteenth resistor; the second terminal of the eleventh resistor is grounded; the first terminal of the twelfth resistor is electrically connected to the coupling plate, and the second terminal of the twelfth resistor is grounded; the first terminal of the thirteenth resistor is electrically connected to the coupling plate, and the second terminal of the thirteenth resistor is grounded; the second terminal of the fourth capacitor is grounded.

[0034] Optionally, the coupler provided in this embodiment further includes a second housing;

[0035] The second housing is located on the side of the second surface that is away from the first surface;

[0036] The second housing is used to enclose the impedance detection module.

[0037] Optionally, in the width direction of the coupling circuit board, the difference between the width of the gap and the width of the coupling circuit board ranges from 0.1 mm to 8 mm.

[0038] According to another aspect of the present invention, a power amplifier is provided, which includes a coupler provided in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] This utility model provides a coupler. By setting the width of the gap in the first housing to be greater than the width of the coupling circuit board, the distance between the coupling circuit board and the metal pillar can be dynamically adjusted. After each adjustment of the distance between the coupling circuit board and the metal pillar, the coupling degree and directionality of the coupler can be detected. After multiple adjustments, when the coupling degree and directionality both meet the corresponding set requirements, the coupling circuit board is fixed to the first housing by the first fixing structure and the second fixing structure, thereby ensuring the coupling degree and directionality of the coupler. By setting the combined structure including the coupling circuit board, the first fixing structure, and the second fixing structure to cover the gap on the first surface with its vertical projection, the stability of the coupling circuit board is improved. It also prevents dust, moisture, etc., from easily entering the cavity of the first housing due to the gap and causing coupler failure. In summary, the coupler provided by this utility model has a simple structure, can ensure the coupling degree and directionality of the coupler, improve the sensitivity of the coupler detection, and also improve the reliability of the coupler.

[0040] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of this utility model, nor is it intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Other features of this utility model will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0041] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a coupler according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a coupler without a coupling circuit board according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a coupler without a first fixing structure and a second fixing structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a coupler without a first housing according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0046] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another coupler provided according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0047] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between an impedance detection module, a second insulating hollow column, and an output conductive column, according to an embodiment of this utility model.

[0048] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an impedance detection module according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0049] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of another coupler provided according to an embodiment of the present utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0050] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0051] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this utility model are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the utility model described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0052] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a coupler according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a coupler without a coupling circuit board according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a coupler without a first fixing structure and a second fixing structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a coupler without a first housing according to an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to... Figures 1-4The coupler provided in this embodiment includes: a first housing 110, a metal pillar 120, a coupling circuit board 130, a first fixing structure 140, and a second fixing structure 170; the metal pillar 120 is located in a cavity within the first housing 110; the first housing 110 includes a first surface S1 and a second surface disposed opposite to each other, the first surface S1 includes a gap 111, a portion of the coupling circuit board 130 passes through the gap 111 and is located in the cavity within the first housing 110, and the remaining coupling circuit board 130 protrudes from the first surface S1; in the width direction Y of the coupling circuit board 130, the gap 111... The width is greater than the width of the coupling circuit board 130; in the width direction Y of the coupling circuit board 130, the first fixing structure 140 is located on one side of the coupling circuit board 130, and the second fixing structure 170 is located on the side of the coupling circuit board 130 away from the first fixing structure 140. The first fixing structure 140 and the second fixing structure 170 are used to fix the coupling circuit board 130 in the first housing 110; the vertical projection of the combined structure on the first surface S1 covers the gap 111, wherein the combined structure includes the coupling circuit board 130, the first fixing structure 140 and the second fixing structure 170.

[0053] Specifically, the first housing 110 can be made of metal. The coupling circuit board 130 and the metal pillar 120 are spaced apart, with the metal pillar 120 extending along the length direction X of the coupling circuit board 130. The area between the metal pillar 120 and the coupling circuit board 130 is the coupling region, and the metal pillar 120 and the coupling circuit board 130 are electromagnetically coupled. In this embodiment, the coupling circuit board 130 can be a multilayer PCB design, and the main transmission line of the coupling circuit board 130 is a 50Ω microstrip line. The metal pillar 120 can be a copper pillar.

[0054] In the longitudinal direction X of the coupling circuit board 130, the length of the gap 111 may be greater than the length of the coupling circuit board 130. Both the longitudinal direction X and the width direction Y of the coupling circuit board 130 are parallel to the first surface S1. The longitudinal direction X of the coupling circuit board 130 is perpendicular to the width direction Y of the coupling circuit board 130.

[0055] The spacing between the coupling circuit board 130 and the metal pillar 120 affects the coupling degree and directionality of the coupler provided in this embodiment. In this embodiment, the width of the gap 111 is greater than the width of the coupling circuit board 130. This allows a portion of the coupling circuit board 130 to be placed through the gap 111 into the cavity within the first housing 110 before fixing its specific position. The position of the coupling circuit board 130 is moved along its width direction Y, dynamically adjusting the spacing between the metal pillar 120 and the coupling circuit board 130, thereby controlling the coupling degree and directionality of the coupler. When both the coupling degree and directionality meet the corresponding set requirements, the coupling circuit board 130 is fixed by the first fixing structure 140 and the second fixing structure 170, thus ensuring the coupling degree and directionality of the coupler provided in this embodiment. The remaining coupling circuit board 130 refers to the coupling circuit board 130 excluding those located in the cavity. Setting a portion of the coupling circuit board 130 to protrude from the first surface S1 facilitates its movement. The height of the coupling circuit board 130 can be greater than the height of the first housing 110.

[0056] When the first fixing structure 140 and the second fixing structure 170 fix the coupling circuit board 130 in the first housing 110, the coupling circuit board 130 and the first housing 110 will remain relatively stationary. The first fixing structure 140 and the second fixing structure 170 are located on both sides of the coupling circuit board 130 in the width direction, which can improve the stability of fixing the coupling circuit board 130 and prevent the coupling degree and directionality of the coupler from failing due to the coupling circuit board 130 not being securely fixed during use.

[0057] The combined structure can be composed of a coupling circuit board 130, a first fixing structure 140, and a second fixing structure 170. The vertical projection of the combined structure on the first surface S1 covers the gap 111. It can be seen that after the coupler provided in this embodiment is manufactured, the gap 111 is not exposed. This setting can further improve the stability of the coupling circuit board 130 on the one hand, and on the other hand, it can avoid the problem that dust, water vapor, etc., can easily invade the cavity of the first housing 110 due to the gap 111 being exposed, which can easily cause the coupler to fail.

[0058] This embodiment provides a coupler. By setting the width of the gap in the first housing to be greater than the width of the coupling circuit board, the distance between the coupling circuit board and the metal pillar can be dynamically adjusted. After each adjustment, the coupling degree and directionality of the coupler are detected. After multiple adjustments, when both the coupling degree and directionality meet the corresponding set requirements, the coupling circuit board is fixed to the first housing using a first fixing structure and a second fixing structure, thereby ensuring the coupling degree and directionality of the coupler. By setting a combined structure including the coupling circuit board, the first fixing structure, and the second fixing structure, the vertical projection of the structure onto the first surface covers the gap, thereby improving the stability of the coupling circuit board and preventing dust and moisture from easily entering the cavity of the first housing and causing coupler failure. In summary, the coupler provided in this embodiment has a simple structure, ensures the coupling degree and directionality of the coupler, improves the sensitivity of coupler detection, and also improves the reliability of the coupler.

[0059] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 1 The first fixing structure 140 is detachably connected to the first housing 110; the first fixing structure 140 is detachably connected to the coupling circuit board 130; the second fixing structure 170 is detachably connected to the first housing 110; and the second fixing structure 170 is detachably connected to the coupling circuit board 130.

[0060] Specifically, the first fixing structure 140 can be fixed to the first housing 110 with screws, and the first fixing structure 140 can also be fixed to the coupling circuit board 130 with screws. The second fixing structure 170 can be fixed to the first housing 110 with screws, and the second fixing structure 170 can also be fixed to the coupling circuit board 130 with screws.

[0061] The first fixing structure 140 is detachably connected to both the first housing 110 and the coupling circuit board 130, and the second fixing structure 170 is also detachably connected to both the first housing 110 and the coupling circuit board 130. After each adjustment of the distance between the coupling circuit board 130 and the metal post 120, the coupling circuit board 130 is fixed to the first housing 110 using the first fixing structure 140 and the second fixing structure 170. The coupling degree and directionality of the coupler are measured. If at least one of the coupling degree and directionality does not meet the corresponding set conditions, the first fixing structure 140 and the second fixing structure 170 are removed from the first housing 110 and the coupling circuit board 130, and the distance between the coupling circuit board 130 and the metal post 120 is adjusted again. As can be seen, in this embodiment, the first fixing structure 140 is detachably connected to both the first housing 110 and the coupling circuit board 130, and the second fixing structure 170 is detachably connected to both the first housing 110 and the coupling circuit board 130. During the process of adjusting the distance between the coupling circuit board 130 and the metal post 120, the coupling circuit board 130 can be fixed to the first housing 110 by the first fixing structure 140 and the second fixing structure 170. Therefore, there is no need for other structures to fix the coupling circuit board 130 before the distance is adjusted, and it is also convenient to replace the coupling circuit board 130.

[0062] It should be noted that the first fixing structure 140 and the second fixing structure 170 are detachably connected to the coupling circuit board 130 protruding from the first surface S1.

[0063] Optional, Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another coupler provided according to an embodiment of the present utility model. (Continuing to refer to...) Figures 1-5 The coupler provided in this embodiment further includes an input conductive post 210, an output conductive post 220, a forward coupling conductive post 230, and a reverse coupling conductive post 240; the first end of the input conductive post 210 is electrically connected to the first end of the metal post 120, and the second end of the input conductive post 210 protrudes from the first surface S1; the first end of the output conductive post 220 is electrically connected to the second end of the metal post 120, and the second end of the output conductive post 220 protrudes from the second surface S2; the forward coupling conductive post 230 is electrically connected to the first input end of the coupling circuit board 130, and the reverse coupling conductive post 240 is electrically connected to the second input end of the coupling circuit board 130; both the forward coupling conductive post 230 and the reverse coupling conductive post 240 are located on the side of the first surface S1 away from the second surface S2.

[0064] Specifically, input conductor 210 receives the input signal and serves as the signal source port of the coupler. The signal input through this port is partially distributed to the forward coupling conductor 230. Output conductor 220 outputs the uncoupled signal, i.e., the main component of the input signal. This port provides the portion of the input signal that has been directly transmitted through the coupler without coupling. Forward coupling conductor 230 extracts and outputs the coupled signal from the input signal. Reverse coupling conductor 240 detects the inverse component of the input signal.

[0065] The second end of the input conductive post 210 protrudes from the first surface S1, and the second end of the output conductive post 220 protrudes from the second surface S2, which facilitates the electrical connection between the testing device and the input conductive post 210 and the output conductive post 220.

[0066] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 1 The first fixing structure 140 includes a first fixing plate 141 and a second fixing plate 142; the first fixing plate 141 and the second fixing plate 142 are integrally connected. The second fixing structure 170 includes a third fixing plate 171 and a fourth fixing plate 172; the third fixing plate 171 and the fourth fixing plate 172 are integrally connected. The first fixing plate 141 is detachably connected to the first housing 110, and the second fixing plate 142 is detachably connected to the coupling circuit board 130. The third fixing plate 171 is detachably connected to the first housing 110, and the fourth fixing plate 172 is detachably connected to the coupling circuit board 130. In the length direction X of the coupling circuit board 130, the length of the first fixing plate 141 is greater than the length of the coupling circuit board 130, the length of the second fixing plate 142 is greater than the length of the coupling circuit board 130, the length of the third fixing plate 171 is greater than the length of the coupling circuit board 130, and the length of the fourth fixing plate 172 is greater than the length of the coupling circuit board 130.

[0067] Specifically, the first fixing plate 141 and the second fixing plate 142 are perpendicular to each other and located on the same side of the coupling circuit board 130. The second fixing plate 142 may include two threaded holes, through which screws can be passed to fix the second fixing plate 142 to the coupling circuit board 130. The first fixing plate 141 may include two through holes, through which screws can be passed into the threaded holes in the first housing 110 to fix the first fixing plate 141 to the first housing 110.

[0068] The third fixing plate 171 and the fourth fixing plate 172 are perpendicular to each other and located on the same side of the coupling circuit board 130. The third fixing plate 171 may include two threaded holes, through which screws can be passed to fix the third fixing plate 171 to the coupling circuit board 130. The fourth fixing plate 172 may include two through holes, through which screws can be passed to the threaded holes in the first housing 110 to fix the fourth fixing plate 172 to the first housing 110.

[0069] The second fixing plate 142 also includes a groove for accommodating the coupling circuit board 130, a first hollow column 143 for accommodating the forward coupling conductive column 230, and a second hollow column 144 for accommodating the reverse coupling conductive column 240.

[0070] The vertical projection of the second fixing plate 142, the third fixing plate 171, and the coupling circuit board 130 on the first surface S1 in the combined structure covers the gap 111.

[0071] Optional, continue to refer to Figures 1-5 The coupler provided in this embodiment also includes a first insulating hollow column 310 and a second insulating hollow column 320; the first insulating hollow column 310 encloses the input conductive column 210 protruding from the first surface S1; the second insulating hollow column 320 encloses the output conductive column 220 protruding from the second surface S2.

[0072] Specifically, the input conductive post 210 protruding from the first surface S1 is located inside the hollow of the first insulating hollow post 310, and the output conductive post 220 protruding from the second surface S2 is located inside the hollow of the second insulating hollow post 320. The materials of the first insulating hollow post 310 and the second insulating hollow post 320 can be the same. The coupler provided in this embodiment also includes a third insulating hollow post 330 and a fourth insulating hollow post 340, with the first end of the metal post 120 located inside the third insulating hollow post 330 and the second end of the metal post 120 located inside the fourth insulating hollow post 340.

[0073] Optional, Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the impedance detection module, the second insulating hollow column, and the output conductive column according to an embodiment of this utility model. (Continue referring to...) Figure 5 and Figure 6 The coupler provided in this embodiment also includes an impedance detection module 150; the impedance detection module 150 is located on the side of the second surface S2 of the first housing 110 away from the first surface S1; the impedance detection module 150 includes a coupling plate 151, a current detection unit 152, a voltage detection unit 153, a current output terminal 154, and a voltage output terminal 155; the coupling plate 151 includes a through hole; the through hole surrounds the second insulating hollow column 320; the current detection unit 152 is electrically connected to the coupling plate 151 and the current output terminal 154; the voltage detection unit 153 is electrically connected to the coupling plate 151 and the voltage output terminal 155.

[0074] Specifically, the coupling plate 151 is not directly electrically connected to the second insulating hollow column 320, but the signal in the second insulating hollow column 320 can be coupled to the coupling plate 151. The current detection unit 152, which is electrically connected to the coupling plate 151, can detect the current in the coupler and output the detected current through the current output terminal 154. The voltage detection unit 153, which is electrically connected to the coupling plate 151, can detect the voltage in the coupler and output the detected voltage through the voltage output terminal 155.

[0075] Optional, Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of an impedance detection module according to an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to... Figure 5 and Figure 7The voltage detection unit 153 includes a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a first RF transformer 410, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, and a third capacitor C3; the current detection unit 152 includes a seventh resistor R7, an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9, a tenth resistor R10, a second RF transformer 420, an eleventh resistor R11, a twelfth resistor R12, a thirteenth resistor R13, and a fourth capacitor C4; the first terminal of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected to the voltage output terminal 155, and the second terminal of the first resistor R1 is grounded; the first terminal of the second resistor R2 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first resistor R1, and the second terminal of the second resistor R2 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first resistor R1. The first terminal of the three resistors R3 is electrically connected, and the second terminal of the third resistor R3 is grounded; the first terminal of the fourth resistor R4 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second resistor R2, and the second terminal of the fourth resistor R4 is grounded; the first terminal of the first RF transformer 410 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the fourth resistor R4, the second terminal of the first RF transformer 410 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the fifth resistor R5, the third terminal of the first RF transformer 410 is electrically connected to the coupling plate 151, the fourth terminal of the first RF transformer 410 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the third capacitor C3, and the fifth terminal of the first RF transformer 410 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first capacitor C1; the second terminal of the fifth resistor R5 is grounded; the second terminal of the third capacitor C3 is grounded; the second terminal of the first capacitor C1 is grounded. 151 is electrically connected; the first terminal of the sixth resistor R6 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first capacitor C1, and the second terminal of the sixth resistor R6 is grounded; the first terminal of the second capacitor C2 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the sixth resistor R6, and the second terminal of the second capacitor C2 is grounded; the first terminal of the seventh resistor R7 is electrically connected to the current output terminal 154, and the second terminal of the seventh resistor R7 is grounded; the first terminal of the eighth resistor R8 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the seventh resistor R7, and the second terminal of the eighth resistor R8 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the ninth resistor R9; the first terminal of the ninth resistor R9 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the tenth resistor R10 and the second terminal of the eighth resistor R8, and the second terminal of the ninth resistor R9 is grounded; the first terminal of the tenth resistor R10 is connected to the first terminal of the second RF transformer 420. The first terminal of the tenth resistor R10 is grounded; the second terminal of the second RF transformer 420 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the eleventh resistor R11; the third terminal of the second RF transformer 420 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the twelfth resistor R12; the fourth terminal of the second RF transformer 420 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the fourth capacitor C4; the fifth terminal of the second RF transformer 420 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the thirteenth resistor R13; the second terminal of the eleventh resistor R11 is grounded; the first terminal of the twelfth resistor R12 is electrically connected to the coupling plate 151; the second terminal of the thirteenth resistor R13 is grounded; and the second terminal of the fourth capacitor C4 is grounded.

[0076] Specifically, the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, and the third resistor R3 can form a π-type attenuator, and the seventh resistor R7, the eighth resistor R8, and the ninth resistor R9 can form another π-type attenuator. The function of the first RF transformer 410 and the function of the second RF transformer 420 are frequency modulation and improving the stability of the signal in the circuit.

[0077] Optional, Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of another coupler provided according to an embodiment of the present utility model, with reference to... Figure 8 The coupler provided in this embodiment also includes a second housing 160; the second housing 160 is located on the side of the second surface S2 away from the first surface S1; the second housing 160 is used to enclose the impedance detection module 150.

[0078] Specifically, the material of the second housing 160 can be the same as that of the first housing 110. The second housing 160 is designed to prevent the impedance detection module 150 from being easily damaged during use.

[0079] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 3 In the width direction Y of the coupling circuit board 130, the difference between the width of the gap 111 and the width of the coupling circuit board 130 is in the range of 0.1mm to 8mm. This setting can increase the movement range of the coupling circuit board 130, thereby allowing for more precise adjustment of the directionality and coupling degree of the coupler.

[0080] Optionally, the first housing may be cuboid in shape; the metal pillar may be cylindrical in shape.

[0081] Specifically, setting the shape of the first housing to a cuboid facilitates the placement and use of the coupler provided in this embodiment. Setting the shape of the metal pillar to a cylinder facilitates the fabrication of the metal pillar.

[0082] To better understand the function of the coupler provided in this embodiment, the parameter calibration method for the coupler provided in this embodiment will be described below:

[0083] Connect the first port of the network analyzer to the second end of the input conductive post of the coupler, the second port of the network analyzer to the second end of the output conductive post, the third port of the network analyzer to the forward coupling conductive post, and the fourth port of the network analyzer to the reverse coupling conductive post. After connection, in a 50Ω system, adjust the spacing between the coupling circuit board and the metal post, and monitor the S-parameters at the forward coupling conductive post and the reverse coupling conductive post in real time. When S31 (FWD coupling degree) reaches -40dB and S41 (RFL directivity) ≤ -78dB, fix the coupling circuit board at this time through the first and second fixing structures, thereby completing the coupler parameter optimization.

[0084] Debugging process:

[0085] Inject a standard test signal into the second end of the input conductive post; adjust the resistance value of the π-type attenuator in the voltage detection unit so that the amplitude of the voltage output is -60dBm; synchronously adjust the resistance value of the π-type attenuator in the current detection unit so that the amplitude of the current output is also -60dBm, ensuring that the amplitude consistency error of the two channels is ≤±1dB, thereby completing the design of the impedance detection module.

[0086] This embodiment provides a power amplifier that includes the coupler provided in any embodiment of this utility model.

[0087] It should be understood that the various forms of the process shown above can be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps described in this utility model can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution of this utility model can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0088] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A coupler, characterized in that, include: First housing, metal pillar, coupling circuit board, first fixing structure and second fixing structure; The metal column is located in a cavity within the first housing; The first housing includes a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other. The first surface includes a gap through which a portion of the coupling circuit board passes and is located in a cavity within the first housing, while the remaining portion of the coupling circuit board protrudes from the first surface. In the width direction of the coupling circuit board, the width of the gap is greater than the width of the coupling circuit board; In the width direction of the coupling circuit board, the first fixing structure is located on one side of the coupling circuit board, and the second fixing structure is located on the side of the coupling circuit board away from the first fixing structure. The first fixing structure and the second fixing structure are used to fix the coupling circuit board in the first housing. The vertical projection of the combined structure onto the first surface covers the gap, wherein the combined structure includes the coupling circuit board, the first fixing structure, and the second fixing structure.

2. The coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first fixing structure is detachably connected to the first housing; the first fixing structure is detachably connected to the coupling circuit board. The second fixing structure is detachably connected to the first housing; the second fixing structure is detachably connected to the coupling circuit board.

3. The coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes input conductive posts, output conductive posts, forward-coupled conductive posts, and reverse-coupled conductive posts; The first end of the input conductive post is electrically connected to the first end of the metal post, and the second end of the input conductive post protrudes from the first surface; The first end of the output conductive post is electrically connected to the second end of the metal post, and the second end of the output conductive post protrudes from the second surface; The forward coupling conductive post is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the coupling circuit board, and the reverse coupling conductive post is electrically connected to the second input terminal of the coupling circuit board; Both the forward-coupled conductive post and the reverse-coupled conductive post are located on the side of the first surface away from the second surface.

4. The coupler according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first fixing structure includes a first fixing plate and a second fixing plate; the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate are integrally connected. The second fixing structure includes a third fixing plate and a fourth fixing plate; the third fixing plate and the fourth fixing plate are integrally connected. The first fixing plate is detachably connected to the first housing, and the second fixing plate is detachably connected to the coupling circuit board; The third fixing plate is detachably connected to the first housing, and the fourth fixing plate is detachably connected to the coupling circuit board; Along the length of the coupling circuit board, the length of the first fixing plate is greater than the length of the coupling circuit board, the length of the second fixing plate is greater than the length of the coupling circuit board, the length of the third fixing plate is greater than the length of the coupling circuit board, and the length of the fourth fixing plate is greater than the length of the coupling circuit board.

5. The coupler according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a first insulating hollow column and a second insulating hollow column; the first insulating hollow column encloses the input conductive column that protrudes from the first surface; The second insulating hollow column encloses the output conductive column that protrudes from the second surface.

6. The coupler according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes an impedance detection module; The impedance detection module is located on the second surface of the first housing, away from the first surface; The impedance detection module includes a coupling plate, a current detection unit, a voltage detection unit, a current output terminal, and a voltage output terminal. The coupling plate includes a through hole surrounding a second insulating hollow column; The current detection unit is electrically connected to the coupling plate and the current output terminal; The voltage detection unit is electrically connected to the coupling plate and the voltage output terminal.

7. The coupler according to claim 6, characterized in that, The voltage detection unit includes a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a first radio frequency transformer, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, and a third capacitor; the current detection unit includes a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, a second radio frequency transformer, an eleventh resistor, a twelfth resistor, a thirteenth resistor, and a fourth capacitor; The first terminal of the first resistor is electrically connected to the voltage output terminal, and the second terminal of the first resistor is grounded; the first terminal of the second resistor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first resistor, the second terminal of the second resistor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the third resistor, and the second terminal of the third resistor is grounded; the first terminal of the fourth resistor is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second resistor, and the second terminal of the fourth resistor is grounded; the first terminal of the first RF transformer is electrically connected to the first terminal of the fourth resistor, the second terminal of the first RF transformer is electrically connected to the first terminal of the fifth resistor, the third terminal of the first RF transformer is electrically connected to the coupling plate, the fourth terminal of the first RF transformer is electrically connected to the first terminal of the third capacitor, the fifth terminal of the first RF transformer is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first capacitor; the second terminal of the fifth resistor is grounded; the second terminal of the third capacitor is grounded; the second terminal of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the coupling plate; the first terminal of the sixth resistor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first capacitor, and the second terminal of the sixth resistor is grounded; the first terminal of the second capacitor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the sixth resistor, and the second terminal of the second capacitor is grounded; The first terminal of the seventh resistor is electrically connected to the current output terminal, and the second terminal of the seventh resistor is grounded; the first terminal of the eighth resistor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the seventh resistor, and the second terminal of the eighth resistor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the ninth resistor; the first terminal of the ninth resistor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the tenth resistor, and the second terminal of the ninth resistor is grounded; the first terminal of the tenth resistor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second RF transformer, and the second terminal of the tenth resistor is grounded; the second terminal of the second RF transformer is electrically connected to the first terminal of the eleventh resistor, the third terminal of the second RF transformer is electrically connected to the first terminal of the twelfth resistor, the fourth terminal of the second RF transformer is electrically connected to the first terminal of the fourth capacitor, and the fifth terminal of the second RF transformer is electrically connected to the first terminal of the thirteenth resistor; the second terminal of the eleventh resistor is grounded; the first terminal of the twelfth resistor is electrically connected to the coupling plate, and the second terminal of the twelfth resistor is grounded; the first terminal of the thirteenth resistor is electrically connected to the coupling plate, and the second terminal of the thirteenth resistor is grounded; the second terminal of the fourth capacitor is grounded.

8. The coupler according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a second housing; The second housing is located on the side of the second surface that is away from the first surface; The second housing is used to enclose the impedance detection module.

9. The coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the width direction of the coupling circuit board, the difference between the width of the gap and the width of the coupling circuit board ranges from 0.1 mm to 8 mm.

10. A power amplifier, characterized in that, Includes the coupler as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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