Portable hyperspectral remote sensing unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicles, and provides a portable hyperspectral remote sensing unmanned aerial vehicle which comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle body, a fixing frame is fixedly connected to the bottom face of the unmanned aerial vehicle body, a two-way lead screw is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the fixing frame, the two-way lead screw is symmetrically matched with two sets of spherical sliding seats in a threaded mode, and supports are fixedly connected to the peripheral sides of the spherical sliding seats. A micro hyperspectral module is mounted on the bottom surface of the unmanned aerial vehicle body; a honeycomb lining is arranged in the spherical sliding seat, and a shell of the spherical sliding seat is provided with a gradient outer layer. The damping assembly is mounted between the unmanned aerial vehicle body and the miniature hyperspectral module; by arranging the unmanned aerial vehicle body, the miniature hyperspectral module and the damping assembly, the honeycomb lining and the gradient outer layer of the spherical sliding seat form physical buffering, impact force is dispersed, energy is absorbed in a graded mode, and the damping assembly is matched to cooperatively absorb low-frequency and high-frequency impact energy; the risk that the sensor in the miniature hyperspectral module is damaged due to impact is effectively reduced, and the equipment stability is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology, specifically a portable hyperspectral remote sensing UAV. Background Technology

[0002] In the current field of remote sensing drones, the application of hyperspectral remote sensing technology faces numerous technical challenges. Traditional hyperspectral equipment is typically large and heavy, significantly increasing the load on drones and drastically reducing their endurance, thus severely limiting their operational range and duration. Regarding data accuracy, it is significantly affected by weather factors, especially in cloudy conditions where solar irradiance is unstable. Traditional hyperspectral remote sensing equipment lacks real-time irradiance correction mechanisms, resulting in large deviations in the acquired spectral data and failing to meet the demands of high-precision remote sensing operations. In terms of equipment stability, drones generate significant impact forces during takeoff and landing. The lack of effective shock absorption measures can easily damage the delicate sensors on board, affecting the normal operation of the equipment and the accuracy of data acquisition.

[0003] Existing remote sensing drones, after being equipped with miniature hyperspectral modules, generate significant impact forces during takeoff and landing. Conventional remote sensing drones lack effective shock absorption measures, which can easily damage the precision sensors on board, affecting the normal use of the equipment and the accuracy of data acquisition.

[0004] To address these issues, those skilled in the art have proposed a portable hyperspectral remote sensing drone. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this utility model provides a portable hyperspectral remote sensing drone, which solves the problem that in the prior art, after a micro hyperspectral module is added to a remote sensing drone, the large impact force generated during takeoff and landing, and the lack of effective shock absorption measures in conventional remote sensing drones, which easily leads to damage to the precision sensors on board due to vibration.

[0006] A portable hyperspectral remote sensing drone includes: a drone body, a fixed frame fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the drone body, a bidirectional lead screw rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the fixed frame, two sets of spherical slides symmetrically threaded onto the bidirectional lead screw, a bracket fixedly connected to the periphery of the spherical slides, and a miniature hyperspectral module mounted on the bottom surface of the drone body, the miniature hyperspectral module including a hyperspectral camera, a miniature fiber optic spectrometer, and a storage unit;

[0007] The spherical slide block has a honeycomb inner lining and a gradient outer layer on its shell.

[0008] A shock-absorbing component is installed between the UAV body and the miniature hyperspectral module.

[0009] Preferably, the gradient outer layer comprises a hard silicone outer layer, a medium-hardness silicone transition layer, and a soft silicone inner layer.

[0010] Preferably, a limiting seat is fixedly connected to the top of the spherical slide, and a limiting rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixing frame, with the limiting seat and the limiting rod slidingly engaged.

[0011] Preferably, the shock absorption assembly includes a first connecting plate, a second connecting plate, a buffer spring, and a damper; the first connecting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the UAV body, the second connecting plate is fixed to the upper surface of the micro hyperspectral module, and the buffer spring and damper are installed on the first and second connecting plates.

[0012] Preferably, a throttle is fixedly connected to one end of the bidirectional lead screw.

[0013] Preferably, the outer layer of the hard silicone has a Shore hardness of 60, the intermediate hard silicone transition layer has a Shore hardness of 40, and the inner layer of the soft silicone has a Shore hardness of 20.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] This invention incorporates a drone body, a miniature hyperspectral module, and a shock-absorbing component. The honeycomb liner of the spherical slide and the gradient outer layer form a physical buffer, dispersing the impact force and absorbing energy in stages. In conjunction with the shock-absorbing component, it absorbs low- and high-frequency impact energy, effectively reducing the risk of sensor damage to the miniature hyperspectral module due to impact and significantly improving equipment stability. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the right side of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 A cross-sectional structural diagram of the supporting components;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the vibration damping component;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a miniature hyperspectral module.

[0021] In the picture:

[0022] 1. UAV body; 2. Mounting frame; 201. Limiting seat; 202. Limiting rod; 3. Two-way lead screw; 4. Thruster; 5. Spherical slide; 501. Honeycomb liner; 502. Gradient outer layer; 502a. Hard silicone outer layer; 502b. Medium-hardness silicone transition layer; 502c. Soft silicone inner layer; 6. Bracket; 7. Shock absorption assembly; 701. First connecting plate; 702. Second connecting plate; 703. Buffer spring; 704. Damper; 8. Miniature hyperspectral module. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model.

[0024] Example 1: As shown in the attached document Figure 1 To be continued Figure 5 As shown: This utility model provides a portable hyperspectral remote sensing drone, including the drone body 1, a miniature hyperspectral module 8, and a shock absorption component 7;

[0025] A fixed frame 2 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the UAV body 1. A bidirectional lead screw 3 is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the fixed frame 2. The bidirectional lead screw 3 is symmetrically threaded with two sets of spherical slides 5. A bracket 6 is fixedly connected to the periphery of the spherical slides 5. A miniature hyperspectral module 8 is installed on the bottom surface of the UAV body 1. The miniature hyperspectral module 8 includes a hyperspectral camera, a miniature fiber optic spectrometer, and a storage unit.

[0026] The spherical slide block 5 has a honeycomb inner liner 501 inside, and the shell of the spherical slide block 5 has a gradient outer layer 502.

[0027] The shock absorption component 7 is installed between the UAV body 1 and the miniature hyperspectral module 8.

[0028] The gradient outer layer 502 includes a hard silicone outer layer 502a, a medium-hardness silicone transition layer 502b, and a soft silicone inner layer 502c; the hard silicone outer layer 502a has a Shore hardness of 60 degrees, the medium-hardness silicone transition layer 502b has a Shore hardness of 40 degrees, and the soft silicone inner layer 502c has a Shore hardness of 20 degrees.

[0029] The top of the spherical slide block 5 is fixedly connected to the limiting seat 201, and the inner wall of the fixing frame 2 is fixedly connected to the limiting rod 202. The limiting seat 201 and the limiting rod 202 are in sliding cooperation.

[0030] One end of the double-acting lead screw 3 is fixedly connected to a throttle 4.

[0031] As can be seen from the above, by rotating the handle 4 at one end of the bidirectional lead screw 3, the reverse thread characteristics at both ends of the bidirectional lead screw 3 are used to drive the two sets of spherical slide blocks 5 to slide symmetrically along the inner wall of the fixed frame 2, adjusting the spacing of the brackets 6 to adapt to the width of different UAV support legs; the limiting seat 201 and the limiting rod 202 slide together to ensure that the slide blocks do not rotate when they are translated, ensuring installation accuracy. After being in place, the honeycomb liner 501 disperses the impact force through the honeycomb pore structure, and its gradient outer layer 502 plays a three-layer shock absorption role: the hard silicone outer layer 502a provides structural support, the medium-hardness silicone transition layer 502b buffers medium-frequency vibration, and the soft silicone inner layer 502c closely adheres to the surface of the support leg, improving the fixation stability through friction anti-slip and flexible buffering.

[0032] During flight operations, the hyperspectral camera of the miniature hyperspectral module 8 collects ground object spectral data in real time, while the miniature fiber optic spectrometer simultaneously monitors solar irradiance. The data is temporarily stored in the storage unit and then transmitted to the ground station for calibration. During this process, the shock-absorbing component 7 elastically connects the miniature hyperspectral module 8 to the UAV body 1, suppressing high-frequency vibrations. The two components work together to reduce module sway. During takeoff and landing, the impact force transmitted by the fixed frame 2 is first buffered in stages by the gradient outer layer 502 of the spherical slide block 5, and further dispersed by the energy of the honeycomb liner 501, reducing the direct impact on the miniature hyperspectral module and ensuring the stability of its internal components.

[0033] The spherical slide block 5 significantly improves the impact resistance of the miniature hyperspectral module. The honeycomb liner 501 inside the spherical slide block 5 effectively disperses the impact force transmitted to the module during UAV take-off and landing through the honeycomb pore structure, avoiding local stress concentration that could damage the precision sensor. The gradient outer layer 502 achieves graded absorption of impact energy through the material hardness gradient. The limiting seat 201 and the limiting rod 202 slide together to form a lateral displacement constraint, preventing the module from tilting or shifting during impact. Combined with the vibration damping component 7, the impact energy of the miniature hyperspectral module 8 in the vertical direction is effectively absorbed, significantly improving the stability of the device.

[0034] Example 2: Based on Example 1, the shock absorption assembly 7 includes a first connecting plate 701, a second connecting plate 702, a buffer spring 703, and a damper 704. The damper 704 is a fluid damper, filled with hydraulic oil and equipped with a throttling orifice structure. The first connecting plate 701 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the UAV body 1, and the second connecting plate 702 is fixed to the upper surface of the micro hyperspectral module 8. The buffer spring 703 and the damper 704 are installed on the first connecting plate 701 and the second connecting plate 702.

[0035] As can be seen from the above, during installation, the first connecting plate 701 is fixed to the bottom surface of the UAV body 1 by bolts, the second connecting plate 702 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the micro hyperspectral module 8, and the buffer spring 703 and the fluid damper 704 are installed in parallel between the two connecting plates to form a double shock absorption path in the vertical direction.

[0036] When the drone takes off or lands and impacts the ground, generating low-frequency, high-amplitude impacts, the buffer spring 703 first compresses and deforms, converting the impact kinetic energy into elastic potential energy. This slows down the descent speed of the micro hyperspectral module 8, preventing internal components from being subjected to instantaneous impact forces. Simultaneously, the hydraulic oil in the fluid damper 704 is forced through the throttle orifice by the piston. Due to the viscous resistance of the fluid, the hydraulic oil generates damping force during its flow, converting some of the impact kinetic energy into heat energy for dissipation. This suppresses the rapid rebound of the buffer spring 703, preventing the module from continuously shaking due to the spring's reciprocating oscillations.

[0037] When encountering high-frequency airflow disturbances during flight, the buffer spring 703 is prone to resonance due to its high-frequency vibration frequency being close to its natural frequency. The damper 704, on the other hand, has a faster response speed and can quickly dissipate vibration energy through the rapid flow of hydraulic oil, effectively avoiding spectral data acquisition deviations caused by high-frequency vibrations in the hyperspectral camera. The limiting seat 201 and the limiting rod 202 form a lateral constraint. When the UAV tilts or translates, the limiting rod 202 limits the lateral displacement of the spherical slide 5 through sliding contact, forming a three-dimensional stable system with the vertical damping of the shock absorption component 7. When the UAV collides laterally with an obstacle, the limiting rod 202 bears the lateral impact force, preventing the micro hyperspectral module 8 from rigidly colliding with the UAV body 1. At the same time, the fluid damper 704 further dissipates lateral kinetic energy through the lateral flow of hydraulic oil, effectively controlling the impact displacement of the module in all directions.

[0038] In summary, the shock-absorbing component 7, in conjunction with the spherical slide 5, effectively suppresses vibrations of different frequencies. The limiting structure of the spherical slide 5 significantly reduces the impact energy borne by the miniature hyperspectral module 8 throughout the entire operation cycle of the UAV, and controls the vibration amplitude of the internal precision sensor within a reliable range, thus significantly improving the stability of the equipment and the accuracy of data acquisition.

[0039] The accompanying drawings of the embodiments disclosed in this utility model only involve the structures involved in the embodiments disclosed in this utility model. Other structures can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other.

[0040] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A portable hyperspectral remote sensing drone, characterized in that: include: The UAV body (1) has a fixed frame (2) fixedly connected to its bottom surface. A bidirectional lead screw (3) is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the fixed frame (2). The bidirectional lead screw (3) has two sets of spherical slides (5) in a symmetrical threaded fit. A bracket (6) is fixedly connected to the periphery of the spherical slides (5). A miniature hyperspectral module (8) is installed on the bottom surface of the UAV body (1). The miniature hyperspectral module (8) includes a hyperspectral camera, a miniature fiber optic spectrometer, and a storage unit. The spherical slide (5) is provided with a honeycomb inner liner (501), and the shell of the spherical slide (5) is provided with a gradient outer layer (502); A shock-absorbing component (7) is installed between the UAV body (1) and the micro hyperspectral module (8).

2. The portable hyperspectral remote sensing drone of claim 1, wherein: The gradient outer layer (502) includes a hard silicone outer layer (502a), a medium-hardness silicone transition layer (502b), and a soft silicone inner layer (502c).

3. The portable hyperspectral remote sensing drone of claim 1, wherein: The top of the spherical slide (5) is fixedly connected to a limiting seat (201), and the inner wall of the fixing frame (2) is fixedly connected to a limiting rod (202). The limiting seat (201) and the limiting rod (202) are in sliding cooperation.

4. The portable hyperspectral remote sensing drone of claim 1 or 2, wherein: The shock absorption assembly (7) includes a first connecting plate (701), a second connecting plate (702), a buffer spring (703), and a damper (704); the first connecting plate (701) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the UAV body (1), the second connecting plate (702) is fixed to the upper surface of the micro hyperspectral module (8), and the buffer spring (703) and the damper (704) are installed on the first connecting plate (701) and the second connecting plate (702).

5. The portable hyperspectral remote sensing drone of claim 1, wherein: One end of the bidirectional lead screw (3) is fixedly connected to a throttle (4).

6. The portable hyperspectral remote sensing UAV as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The hard silicone outer layer (502a) has a Shore hardness of 60, the medium-hardness silicone transition layer (502b) has a Shore hardness of 40, and the soft silicone inner layer (502c) has a Shore hardness of 20.

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