Composite noise reduction, vibration attenuation and heat energy conversion device for subway station structural column

Abstract

The utility model relates to a composite noise reduction, vibration attenuation and heat energy conversion device for a subway station structural column, and belongs to the technical field of building structure noise reduction and energy recovery. The device has the functions of noise reduction, vibration reduction and heat energy recovery, and comprises a modular composite layer which is coaxially assembled with a structural column (1). The composite layer comprises a gradient density sound absorption layer (2); the Helmholtz resonant cavity (3) is arranged on the inner side of the gradient density sound absorption layer (2); the viscous damping interlayer (4) is filled with a sealing interlayer of a silicon-based non-Newtonian fluid; the spiral winding copper capillary heat exchange pipe network (5) is embedded into the viscous damping interlayer (4); the phase-change heat storage unit (6) is connected with the heat exchange pipe network (5) through a heat-conducting medium pipeline, and a mixed phase-change material is packaged in the phase-change heat storage unit (6). The thermal environment of the subway station is cooperatively adjusted by recovering vibration and environmental heat energy and performing phase change latent heat storage. According to the device, the space utilization efficiency and the energy recovery rate are improved through sound-vibration-heat multi-field coupling cooperative control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of building structure noise reduction and energy recovery technology, specifically to a composite noise reduction, vibration reduction and heat energy conversion device applied to the structural columns of subway stations. Background Technology

[0002] Underground transportation hubs, as high-density spaces with high pedestrian traffic, present significant challenges to human comfort due to their multi-physical environments, including thermal, acoustic, and vibration environments, which hinder the sustainable development of urban rail transit. Traditional solutions often optimize individual physical fields independently, making it difficult to achieve coordinated control of multiple environmental parameters. Furthermore, the significant temperature fluctuations within subway stations prevent traditional structural columns from effectively utilizing thermal energy resources. Therefore, a composite device is urgently needed to reduce vibration and noise while simultaneously achieving energy conversion and recovery. Extracting waste acoustic energy and mechanical energy generated by vibration from the underground space environment and converting them into thermal energy can effectively help reduce energy consumption and improve the indoor thermal environment of subway stations. Utility Model Content

[0003] This utility model provides a composite noise reduction, vibration reduction and heat energy conversion device for subway structural columns, which can reduce environmental noise, reduce the vibration of underground space structures, and convert energy into heat energy to improve the ambient temperature.

[0004] This utility model provides a composite noise reduction, vibration reduction and heat energy conversion device for subway structural columns. The noise reduction and vibration reduction components adopt a layered wrapping design. The noise reduction and vibration reduction device includes: a gradient density sound-absorbing layer (an outer layer of open-pore aluminum foam board and an inner layer of micro-perforated ceramic fiber board), a Helmholtz resonant cavity, and a viscous damping interlayer.

[0005] The outermost layer of the gradient density sound-absorbing layer is an open-cell aluminum foam board (2.1) that is directly exposed to the subway station space and fixed to the structural column body by anchor bolts; the inner side of the outer layer is a micro-perforated ceramic fiber board (2.2) that is fixed to the aluminum foam board by a dot matrix elastic bonding method, with a 5mm air layer reserved between them to form a broadband sound-absorbing structure.

[0006] Further measures include anchor bolts.

[0007] One end of the anchor head is set on the perforated aluminum foam plate of the gradient density sound-absorbing layer, and the other end is set inside the structural column.

[0008] Further methods include adhesive bonding and polyurethane-epoxy composite adhesives.

[0009] The bonding method uses polyurethane-epoxy composite adhesive.

[0010] The Helmholtz resonant cavity is embedded inside the gradient density sound-absorbing layer, and the resonant cavity unit is connected to the main structural column through a stainless steel honeycomb frame.

[0011] Further details include a stainless steel honeycomb frame, in which Helmholtz cavity units are embedded into the honeycomb holes, and sealant is injected after the rubber clips are tightened.

[0012] The viscous damping interlayer is located between the Helmholtz resonant cavity and the structural column body. It is made of high-damping silicone-graphene composite material and is bonded to the surface of the structural column and the resonant cavity frame by epoxy resin adhesive.

[0013] This utility model provides a composite noise reduction, vibration reduction and heat energy conversion device for subway structural columns. The heat energy conversion device includes: a heat exchange pipeline network and a phase change heat storage unit.

[0014] The heat exchange network is embedded in the structural column body using a spiral coil structure, and the heat exchange network is equipped with main and secondary pipes.

[0015] During further pre-embedding, the coil is tied and fixed to the steel reinforcement cage, and the outside of the pipe is wrapped with an aluminum silicate insulation layer.

[0016] The phase change thermal storage unit is located on the extended base at the bottom of the structural column and is filled with octadecane-eicosane composite phase change material.

[0017] It further includes an octadecane-eicosane composite phase change material with a heat storage density ≥180kJ / kg, encapsulated in an aluminum alloy shell with a wall thickness of 2-3mm.

[0018] Compared with the above-mentioned background technology, the composite noise reduction, vibration reduction and heat energy conversion device for subway station structural columns provided by this utility model has the following technical effects.

[0019] 1. By integrating noise reduction, vibration reduction and heat recovery into the structural columns, the limitations of traditional single-function devices are broken through. At the same time, the heat exchange network recovers mechanical vibration and environmental heat energy, realizing the coordinated control of multiple physical fields of "sound-vibration-heat", which significantly improves the efficiency of space utilization.

[0020] 2. The piston structure of the Helmholtz resonant cavity can adjust the peak sound absorption value according to the subway operating frequency at different times; the shear thickening characteristics of the silicon-based non-Newtonian fluid damping interlayer automatically match the vibration intensity. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of a composite noise reduction, vibration damping and heat energy conversion device for a subway station structural column, provided in one embodiment of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a gradient density sound-absorbing layer provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of a Helmholtz resonant cavity provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a simplified schematic diagram of a heat pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a detailed schematic diagram of a heat pipe provided in one embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions involved in this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments described herein are merely exemplary implementations to facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of this utility model, and do not represent all possible implementation methods. Based on the design principles and embodiments disclosed in this utility model, all technical solutions that can be directly derived or reasonably extended by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the claims of this utility model.

[0027] like Figure 1 This utility model provides a composite noise reduction, vibration damping and heat energy conversion device for subway structural columns. The noise reduction and vibration damping components adopt a layered wrapping design. The noise reduction and vibration damping device includes: a gradient density sound-absorbing layer (an outer layer of open-cell aluminum foam board and an inner layer of micro-perforated ceramic fiber board), a Helmholtz resonant cavity, and a viscous damping interlayer. The heat energy conversion device includes: a heat exchange pipeline network and a phase change heat storage unit.

[0028] The noise reduction and vibration damping components of the composite noise reduction and vibration damping and heat energy conversion device for the subway station structural columns adopt a layered wrapping design.

[0029] The outermost layer of the gradient density sound-absorbing layer is an open-cell aluminum foam board (pore size 1-3mm, porosity 60%-80%), 20-30mm thick, which is directly exposed to the subway station space and fixed to the structural column body by anchor bolts; the inner side of the outer layer is a micro-perforated ceramic fiber board (pore size 0.5-1mm, board thickness 10mm), with a 5mm air layer reserved between it and the aluminum foam board to form a broadband sound-absorbing structure;

[0030] Furthermore, the perforated aluminum foam board (outer layer) and the micro-perforated ceramic fiber board (inner layer) are connected by an edge frame mechanical fixing method. A U-shaped aluminum alloy frame (section size 20mm×15mm) is set around the aluminum foam board and the ceramic fiber board. The inner side of the frame has a pre-set slot. The frame is connected to the structural column body by anchor bolts (spacing ≤300mm).

[0031] The Helmholtz resonant cavity is embedded inside the gradient density sound-absorbing layer, and array-type resonant cavity units are evenly distributed along the circumference of the structural column.

[0032] Each resonant cavity unit is further supported by a honeycomb cavity frame (made of stainless steel), with the cavity opening facing the surface of the structural column, a depth of 50-80mm, and the opening diameter matching the cavity volume. The frame is fixed by pre-embedded welded steel plates, and each cavity unit is embedded in the honeycomb holes with the cavity opening facing the surface of the structural column.

[0033] Further, silicone acoustic sealant (attenuation coefficient ≥0.8) is filled between the edge of the resonant cavity opening and the micro-perforated ceramic fiber plate to block acoustic short circuits;

[0034] Specific gradient density sound-absorbing layers, such as Figure 2 As shown, the foamed aluminum board absorbs mid-to-high frequency noise (above 500Hz) through its high porosity structure, while the micro-perforated ceramic fiber board absorbs low-frequency noise (100-500Hz) using the microporous resonance effect. An air layer acts as a sound impedance matching transition layer, broadening the sound absorption frequency range (covering 100-4000Hz), achieving an overall noise reduction of 15-25dB. A Helmholtz resonant cavity is embedded inside the sound-absorbing layer; its honeycomb cavity units (50-80mm deep) precisely match the characteristic noise frequencies of subway operation (such as the 80-200Hz low-frequency noise from trains entering and leaving stations) by adjusting the opening diameter and cavity volume. The piston effect of the resonant cavity converts sound wave energy into air molecule vibrations, which are then transferred to the viscous damping interlayer for further dissipation through the mechanical energy of the stainless steel frame.

[0035] The resonant frequency of a single Helmholtz resonator is expressed by the following formula:

[0036]

[0037] In the formula: S: is the cross-sectional area of ​​the opening; V: is the volume of the cavity; Leff: is the effective neck length;

[0038] The viscous damping interlayer is located between the Helmholtz resonant cavity and the structural column body. It is made of high-damping silicone-graphene composite material (thickness 8-12mm) and is bonded to the surface of the structural column and the resonant cavity frame by epoxy resin adhesive.

[0039] Further, lead-core rubber seismic isolation bearings (500mm×500mm spacing) are pre-embedded in the interlayer and welded to the steel mesh of the structural column to suppress the transmission of vertical vibration;

[0040] The high-damping silicone-graphene composite material (thickness 8-12mm) used in the specific viscous damping interlayer has nonlinear shear characteristics that enable multi-stage dissipation of vibration energy: the viscosity of the silicone matrix increases sharply under high-frequency vibration through shear thickening effect, converting mechanical energy into heat energy; and a three-dimensional heat-conducting network is formed by graphene-enhanced thermal conductivity (addition amount 3-5wt%), which quickly transfers heat to the heat exchange network.

[0041] The thermal conductivity of graphene is expressed by the following formula:

[0042]

[0043] In the formula: q is the heat flux density; λ is the thermal conductivity of the material; dT / dx is the temperature gradient;

[0044] The heat exchange pipeline adopts a spiral coil structure (pipe diameter DN20), which is embedded in the concrete of the structural column, 50-80mm away from the column surface.

[0045] Furthermore, a dual heat pipe layout is adopted, with staggered arrangement (spacing ≥ 2 times the pipe diameter), spiral layout (tilt angle 10°) combined with the staggered arrangement of the dual pipes, and the main pipe (5.1) and the secondary pipe (5.2) have a phase difference of 180°;

[0046] The phase change thermal storage unit (6) is filled with a mixture of octadecane and eicosane;

[0047] Further phase change thermal storage units are located in the extended base at the bottom of the structural column and are connected to the bottom of the heat exchange network via corrugated hoses. The unit shell is made of 304 stainless steel and is filled with a mixture of octadecane and eicosane phase change materials (thermal storage density ≥180kJ / kg, encapsulated in an aluminum alloy shell with a wall thickness of 2-3mm).

[0048] The specific heat exchange network uses the vibration heat energy generated by the damping interlayer to enter the coil through the concrete heat conduction. The recovered heat energy is transported to the phase change heat storage unit (base at the bottom of the structural column) through the corrugated hose. The octadecane-eicosane composite phase change material (heat storage density ≥180kJ / kg) filled inside achieves latent heat storage within the phase change temperature range (20-30℃), which works in conjunction with the subway station air conditioning system to regulate the thermal environment.

[0049] The heat transfer control expression for phase change materials is represented by the following formula:

[0050]

[0051] In the formula: ρ is density; λ is thermal conductivity; f is liquid fraction (f=0 for all solid, f=1 for all liquid); ∂f / ∂t is phase change rate (coupled with temperature field).

[0052] By implementing the above embodiments of this utility model, energy conversion and recovery can be achieved while reducing vibration and noise, thus improving the indoor environment of subway stations.

[0053] The above description is the preferred embodiment of this utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be protected by this utility model.

Claims

1. A subway station structure column composite noise reduction and vibration reduction and heat energy conversion device, characterized in that, The system includes a modular composite layer coaxially assembled with the structural column (1). The composite layer comprises, from the outside to the inside: a gradient density sound-absorbing layer (2): composed of an outer layer of open-cell aluminum foam board (2.1) and an inner layer of micro-perforated ceramic fiber board (2.2). The open-cell aluminum foam board has an opening rate of 80-90% and a thickness of 25-35 mm. The micro-perforated ceramic fiber board has a pore size of 0.08-0.15 mm and a porosity of 10-20%. A Helmholtz resonant cavity (3): located inside the gradient density sound-absorbing layer (2), containing at least 3 sets of volume-adjustable resonant cavity units, with a single cavity volume of 50-200 ml, used to capture sound waves in the 63-250 Hz frequency band. A viscous damping interlayer (4): a sealed interlayer filled with silicon-based non-Newtonian fluid, with a thickness of 3-8 mm and a dynamic viscosity that increases to 10 with increasing shear rate. 4 -10 5 mPa·s; Heat exchange network (5): Spiral wound copper capillary tubes embedded with viscous damping interlayer (4), with a single tube diameter of 1.5-2.5mm and a spacing of 10-20mm between adjacent tubes; Phase change thermal storage unit (6): Connected to the heat exchange network (5) through a heat transfer medium pipeline, and encapsulated with alkane mixed phase change material with a melting point of 25-30℃ inside.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The heat exchange network (5) is arranged in a spiral shape along the axial direction of the structural column (1) at equal intervals, with a spiral angle of 5°-15° and a total length to structural column height ratio of 1:3-1:5; a main pipe and a secondary pipe are provided, with the main pipe starting at 0° and the secondary pipe starting at 180°.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The phase change material of the phase change thermal storage unit (6) is a mixture of octadecane and eicosane, with a thermal storage density ≥180kJ / kg, and is encapsulated in an aluminum alloy shell with a wall thickness of 2-3mm.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The Helmholtz resonant cavity (3) is equipped with an adjustable piston structure, which can achieve continuous change of cavity volume by adjusting the piston stroke, with an adjustment accuracy of ±5ml.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The surface of the micro-perforated ceramic fiber board is coated with a nano-alumina coating with a thickness of 50-100μm and a surface roughness Ra≤0.8μm.

6. The device of any one of claims 1-5, wherein, The outer surface of the composite layer is covered with a fire-resistant decorative surface layer with a thickness of 1-2 mm and a fire resistance limit of ≥1.5 hours.

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