Drilling rig for height observation hole of water flowing fractured zone

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of water-flowing fractured zone drilling, in particular to a drilling device for a water-flowing fractured zone height observation hole, which utilizes an external driving mechanism to drive a drill rod and a drill bit to rotate at a high speed, cut and grind a rock stratum to form the height observation hole, and utilizes an electric cylinder to drive a guide rod to move. The guide rod drives the pushing platform, the gas conveying pipe, the expansion capsule and the pulley to reach a target section position, dynamic plugging adjustment is achieved, and therefore limitation of traditional static plugging is solved, accuracy and operation efficiency of water flowing fractured zone drilling are remarkably improved, and then an external gas source is controlled to convey operation gas to the gas conveying pipe. Gas for operation enters the positioning hole of the pushing platform through the gas conveying pipe and then enters the interior through the gas inlet nozzle of the expansion capsule, so that the expansion capsule is expanded to block an annular space formed between the drill rod and the hole wall of the height observation hole, and finally, water for operation is input into the water injection channel of the drill rod and enters a crack from the water injection hole of the drill rod.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of drilling technology for water-conducting fracture zones, and in particular to drilling equipment for height observation holes in water-conducting fracture zones. Background Technology

[0002] Water-conducting fracture zones are rock strata fracture zones caused by mining or underground engineering activities. They are fracture development zones with significant water-conducting capacity. Their formation can change the groundwater migration path, causing underground water hazards and endangering the safe and efficient production of mines. Therefore, it is necessary to observe the development height of water-conducting fracture zones.

[0003] The water injection leakage measurement method is a key field test method for assessing the degree of rock mass fracture development and water conductivity. Its basic principle is to first use drilling equipment to cut and grind the rock strata to form a height observation hole, then seal a section of the height observation hole and inject high-pressure water. The water will flow through the fractures into the rock strata. When the water injection is saturated, the water conductivity of the fractures in the rock strata is judged based on the actual leakage, thereby determining the development height of the fractures.

[0004] Chinese patent CN221838317U discloses a device for detecting water-conducting fracture zones in coal mine goafs. It includes a supporting base plate, a device frame fixedly installed on top of the base plate, a drill rod assembly on one side of the device frame, and a water injection assembly on the other side. The drill rod assembly mainly includes a support plate, which is movably installed above a connector. A connector is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the support plate, and an extension drill rod is fixedly connected to one side of the connector. A water pressure converter is fixedly connected to the other end of the extension drill rod, and an expansion capsule is fixedly connected to the other end of the water pressure converter. A guide cone is fixedly connected to the other end of the expansion capsule. The water pressure converter has an outlet channel inside. When the extension drill rod enters the wall, water flows from inside the extension drill rod to multiple expansion capsules. When a certain water pressure value is reached, the water flows out from the outlet channel and into the water-conducting fracture zone. Detection is performed by monitoring changes in water pressure. Furthermore, the water pressure converter can measure multiple rock strata, and the expansion capsules also achieve integrated sealing of side leakage.

[0005] Based on the aforementioned related technologies, the inventors discovered that the current structure has the following limitations: because the expansion capsule is fixedly connected to the water pressure converter and the guide cone, the sealing of the annulus between the drill rod and the hole wall of the height observation hole cannot be dynamically adjusted, thus directly affecting the accuracy of measuring the development height of the water-conducting fracture zone. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the problems mentioned in the background section, this application provides a drilling apparatus for observing the height of water-conducting fracture zones.

[0007] This application provides a drilling device for observing the height of a water-conducting fracture zone, employing the following technical solution: It includes a base with a central mounting hole through which a drill rod passes. The drill rod is driven by an external drive mechanism, and a drill bit is located at the upper end of the drill rod. An electric cylinder is mounted on the base, and a guide channel is also provided. A guide rod is slidably fitted in the guide channel, and the lower end of the guide rod is connected to the piston rod of the electric cylinder. A pushing platform is provided at the upper end of the guide rod, and a central fitting hole is provided on the pushing platform. The platform is fitted onto the outside of the drill rod through the central fitting hole. Multiple capsule mounting positions are provided around the central fitting hole, and an expansion capsule is correspondingly mounted at each capsule mounting position. An air supply pipe is connected to the expansion capsule, and each air supply pipe is connected to an external air source.

[0008] Optionally, the capsule mounting position is provided with a positioning hole, the inner wall of the positioning hole is provided with an internal thread, the expansion capsule is provided with an air inlet, the outer wall of the air inlet is provided with a first external thread, the end of the air supply pipe is provided with a sheath, the outer wall of the sheath is provided with a second external thread, the air inlet and the sheath are respectively inserted into the upper and lower ends of the positioning hole, and are respectively engaged with the internal thread through the first external thread and the second external thread.

[0009] Optionally, the drill rod has a water injection channel inside, and its outer wall near the drill bit end is densely covered with water injection holes, which are connected to the water injection channel.

[0010] Optionally, pulleys are hinged to the outer wall of the pushing platform.

[0011] Optionally, the outer wall of the pushing platform is also provided with an adjustment bracket, which includes a rotating frame and a telescopic frame. The lower ends of the rotating frame and the telescopic frame are both hinged to the pushing platform, and the upper end of the telescopic frame is hinged to the rotating frame. The pulley is located at the upper end of the rotating frame.

[0012] Optionally, the gas supply pipe is equipped with a check valve, and the expansion capsule is equipped with a pressure relief plug.

[0013] Optionally, a bearing is provided in the central mounting hole, and the drill rod is radially positioned by the bearing.

[0014] In summary, this application includes the following beneficial technical effects:

[0015] This practical drilling device utilizes an expansion capsule to seal the annulus formed between the drill rod and the wall of the height observation hole, thereby adapting to annular environments with different diameters and uneven hole walls. Furthermore, in this invention, the expansion capsule can move along the axial direction of the drill rod with the guide rod and the push platform under the drive of a cylinder until it reaches the target section of the height observation hole that needs to be sealed, realizing dynamic sealing adjustment. This solves the limitations of traditional static sealing and significantly improves the accuracy and efficiency of drilling in water-conducting fracture zones. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure in the embodiments of this application;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure from another perspective in an embodiment of this application;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the height observation hole after dynamic sealing in an embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the push platform after it is separated from the inflatable airbag and the air delivery pipe in the embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the push platform with hinged pulleys in an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 6 This is an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 A magnified three-dimensional structural diagram of part A;

[0022] Figure 7 This is an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 A magnified three-dimensional structural diagram of part B.

[0023] Reference numerals: 1. Base; 101. Center mounting hole; 102. Guide channel; 2. Drill rod; 201. Water injection channel; 202. Water injection hole; 3. Drill bit; 4. Electric cylinder; 401. Piston rod; 5. Guide rod; 6. Pushing platform; 601. Center fitting hole; 602. Capsule mounting position; 602a. Positioning hole; 602b. Internal thread; 7. Expansion capsule; 701. Air inlet; 701a. First external thread; 8. Air supply pipe; 801. Sheath; 801a. Second external thread; 9. Pulley; 10. Adjusting bracket; 1001. Rotating frame; 1002. Telescopic frame; 11. Check valve; 12. Pressure relief plug; 13. Bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-7 This application will be described in further detail.

[0025] See Figures 1 to 3 This application discloses a drilling device for observing the height of a water-conducting fracture zone. It includes a base 1 with a central mounting hole 101. The central mounting hole 101 is a through hole, penetrating the upper and lower end faces of the base 1. A drill rod 2 passes through the central mounting hole 101. The drill rod 2 is driven by an external drive mechanism. It should be noted that the drive mechanism mainly includes a motor and a gearbox, which are existing technologies and not the focus of this application, therefore not described in detail here. A drill bit 3 is located at the upper end of the drill rod 2. When the drill rod 2 is driven by the drive mechanism to rotate at high speed, it drives the drill bit 3 to cut... The rock strata are cut and ground to form a height observation hole. An electric cylinder 4 is installed on the base 1, and a guide channel 102 is also provided on the base 1. The guide channel 102 also penetrates the upper and lower end faces of the base 1. A guide rod 5 is slidably fitted in the guide channel 102. The lower end of the guide rod 5 is connected to the piston rod 401 of the electric cylinder 4, and is driven by the electric cylinder 4 to move axially. The upper end of the guide rod 5 is connected to a pushing platform 6. There is no particular limitation on the number of guide channels 102 and guide rods 5; that is, there can be multiple guide channels 102. The guide rods 5 are connected to the guide channel 401. The number of channels 102 is equal, which can stably support the push platform 6. The push platform 6 has a central fitting hole 601, through which the push platform 6 is fitted onto the outside of the drill rod 2. The central fitting hole 601 has multiple capsule mounting positions 602 around its circumference, and expansion capsules 7 are correspondingly mounted on the capsule mounting positions 602. The expansion capsules 7 are supported by the push platform 6 and thus surround the drill rod 2. An air supply pipe 8 is connected to the expansion capsule 7. It should be noted that the expansion capsule 7 and the air supply pipe 8 can be directly connected or indirectly connected. Each air supply pipe 8 can be connected to the expansion capsule 7. All pipes 8 are connected to an external air source, which is used to input working gas into the air supply pipe 8 and the expansion capsule 7. The expansion capsule 7 is used to seal the annulus formed between the drill rod 2 and the wall of the height observation hole, thereby adapting to the annulus environment with different diameters and uneven hole walls. In this invention, the expansion capsule 7 can move along the axial direction of the drill rod 2 with the guide rod 5 and the push platform 6 under the drive of the cylinder until it reaches the target section of the height observation hole that needs to be sealed, realizing dynamic sealing adjustment. This solves the limitations of traditional static sealing and significantly improves the accuracy and efficiency of drilling in water-conducting fracture zones.

[0026] See Figure 4The capsule mounting position 602 has a positioning hole 602a, which penetrates the upper and lower end faces of the pushing platform 6. The inner wall of the positioning hole 602a has an internal thread 602b. The expansion capsule 7 has an air inlet 701, which outputs air through the air supply pipe 8. The outer wall of the air inlet 701 has a first external thread 701a. The end of the air supply pipe 8 has a sheath 801, and the outer wall of the sheath 801 has a second external thread 801a. Both the first and second external threads 701a match the internal thread 602b of the positioning hole 602a. The air inlet 701 and the sheath 801 are respectively inserted into the upper and lower ends of the positioning hole 602a, and are respectively engaged with the internal thread 602b through the first external thread 701a and the second external thread 801a, thereby fixing them on the pushing platform 6. A closed air inlet channel is established between the air supply pipe 8, the positioning hole 602a and the expansion capsule 7. The working gas enters the positioning hole 602a first after passing through the air supply pipe 8, and then enters the expansion capsule 7 through the air inlet 7. The threaded engagement generates a locking force to prevent the expansion capsule 7 and the air supply pipe 8 from separating under external load, and to give the established air inlet channel better sealing performance.

[0027] See Figures 1 to 3 as well as Figure 6 When assessing the degree of rock fracture development and water conductivity using the water injection leakage measurement method, high-pressure water needs to be injected after sealing a section of the height observation hole. For this purpose, a water injection channel 201 is opened inside the drill rod 2, and water injection holes 202 are densely distributed on the outer wall near the drill bit 3. The water injection holes 202 are connected to the water injection channel 201, and the water injection channel 201 is connected to an external water source. After the working water is input into the water injection channel 201, it enters the fracture through the water injection holes 202 and permeates into the rock strata to ensure that the test can be carried out normally.

[0028] See Figure 5 To prevent the soft expansion capsule 7 from being scratched by the uneven borehole wall when it enters the height observation hole and moves inside the hole, a pulley 9 is hinged to the outer wall of the pushing platform 6. When the expansion capsule 7 enters the height observation hole along with the pushing platform 6, the pulley 9 will also enter the height observation hole simultaneously and directly contact the hole wall. This avoids direct contact between the expansion capsule 7 and the hole wall during movement, thus protecting the expansion capsule 7. In addition, the friction generated between the pulley 9 and the hole wall of the height observation hole is rolling friction, which can also effectively improve the service life of the pulley 9.

[0029] See Figure 5The outer wall of the pushing platform 6 is also provided with an adjustment bracket 10. The adjustment bracket 10 includes a rotating frame 1001 and a telescopic frame 1002. The lower ends of the rotating frame 1001 and the telescopic frame 1002 are both hinged to the pushing platform 6, and the upper end of the telescopic frame 1002 is hinged to the rotating frame 1001. The pulley 9 is located at the upper end of the rotating frame 1001. The rotating frame 1001, the telescopic frame 1002 and the pushing platform 6 form a linkage mechanism, thereby allowing the pulley 9 to extend outward or retract inward to better adapt to height observation holes of different diameters.

[0030] See Figures 1 to 3 as well as Figure 7 The gas supply pipe 8 is equipped with a check valve 11, which can prevent the working gas entering the expansion capsule 7 from flowing back, so that the expansion capsule 7 remains in an expanded state to continuously seal the target section. The expansion capsule 7 is also equipped with a pressure relief plug 12, which can be opened to release the gas in the expansion capsule 7 after the drilling operation is completed, in preparation for the next operation.

[0031] See Figures 1 to 3 The center mounting hole 101 is provided with a bearing 13, and the drill rod 2 is radially positioned by the bearing 13. The low friction characteristics of the bearing 13 can reduce the rotational resistance of the drill rod 2, ensure the stable drilling of the drill rod 2, and at the same time significantly reduce maintenance costs.

[0032] See Figures 1 to 7 The implementation principle of the drilling device for height observation holes in water-conducting fracture zones in this application embodiment is as follows: During drilling operations, an external drive mechanism drives the drill rod 2 to rotate at high speed, thereby driving the drill bit 3 to cut and grind the rock strata to form a height observation hole. Then, the target section of the height observation hole that needs to be sealed is determined. The piston rod 401 of the electric cylinder 4 drives the guide rod 5 to move. The guide rod 5 drives the pushing platform 6 and the connected air supply pipe 8, expansion capsule 7, and pulley 9 to move along the axial direction of the drill rod 2. During the movement, the pulley 9 rolls on the hole wall of the height observation hole until the target section is reached, realizing dynamic sealing adjustment. At this time, the external air source is controlled. Working gas is supplied to the gas supply pipe 8. The working gas enters the positioning hole 602a of the push platform 6 through the gas supply pipe 8, and then enters the interior through the air inlet 701 of the expansion capsule 7, causing the expansion capsule 7 to expand. After the expansion capsule 7 is filled with working gas, the check valve 11 on the gas supply pipe 8 is opened, and the annulus formed between the drill rod 2 and the wall of the height observation hole is sealed. Finally, working water is supplied to the water injection channel 201 of the drill rod 2. The working water enters the fracture through the water injection hole 202 of the drill rod 2 and permeates into the rock stratum. When the water injection is saturated, the water conductivity of the fracture in the rock stratum is judged based on the actual leakage, thereby determining the development height of the fracture.

[0033] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A drilling device for a water conducting fracture zone height observation hole, characterized by, It includes a base (1) having a central mounting hole (101) through which a drill rod (2) passes. The drill rod (2) is driven by an external drive mechanism. A drill bit (3) is provided at the upper end of the drill rod (2). An electric cylinder (4) is provided on the base (1), and a guide channel (102) is also provided. A guide rod (5) is slidably fitted in the guide channel (102). The lower end of the guide rod (5) is connected to the piston rod of the electric cylinder (4). 401) is connected and a pushing platform (6) is provided at the upper end. The pushing platform (6) has a central fitting hole (601) and is fitted onto the outside of the drill rod (2) through the central fitting hole (601). The central fitting hole (601) has multiple capsule mounting positions (602) in the circumferential direction. An expansion capsule (7) is correspondingly provided on the capsule mounting position (602). An air supply pipe (8) is connected to the expansion capsule (7). Each air supply pipe (8) is connected to an external air source.

2. The drilling apparatus for a waterfissure zone height observation hole according to claim 1, characterized by The capsule mounting position (602) is provided with a positioning hole (602a), and the inner wall of the positioning hole (602a) is provided with an internal thread (602b). The expansion capsule (7) is provided with an air inlet (701), and the outer wall of the air inlet (701) is provided with a first external thread (701a). The end of the air supply pipe (8) is provided with a sheath (801), and the outer wall of the sheath (801) is provided with a second external thread (801a). The air inlet (701) and the sheath (801) are respectively inserted into the upper and lower ends of the positioning hole (602a) and are respectively engaged with the internal thread (602b) through the first external thread (701a) and the second external thread (801a).

3. The waterfissure zone height observation hole drilling apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by The drill rod (2) has a water injection channel (201) inside, and its outer wall near the drill bit (3) is densely covered with water injection holes (202), which are connected to the water injection channel (201).

4. The waterfissure zone height observation hole drilling apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by The outer wall of the push platform (6) is hinged with pulleys (9).

5. The drilling device for observing the height of a water-conducting fracture zone according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer wall of the push platform (6) is also provided with an adjustment bracket (10). The adjustment bracket (10) includes a rotating frame (1001) and a telescopic frame (1002). The lower ends of the rotating frame (1001) and the telescopic frame (1002) are both hinged to the push platform (6), and the upper end of the telescopic frame (1002) is hinged to the rotating frame (1001). The pulley (9) is located at the upper end of the rotating frame (1001).

6. The drilling apparatus for a water-break zone height observation hole according to claim 1, characterized by The gas pipeline (8) is equipped with a check valve (11), and the expansion capsule (7) is equipped with a pressure relief plug (12).

7. The drilling apparatus for a water-break zone height observation hole according to claim 1, characterized by A bearing (13) is provided in the central mounting hole (101), and the drill rod (2) is radially positioned by the bearing (13).

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