Base station antenna, millimeter wave base station antenna and millimeter wave isolation structure

Abstract

The utility model provides a millimeter wave antenna, a millimeter wave base station antenna and a millimeter wave isolation structure. The antenna comprises a parasitic radiation layer, a main radiation layer and a grounding layer which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom. The parasitic patch on the parasitic radiation layer and the main radiation patch on the main radiation layer can respectively form resonance points and are coupled, so that the bandwidth expansion of the antenna is realized; the upper surface of the grounding layer is provided with a coupling structure, and the lower surface is provided with a feed structure. The feed structure and the coupling structure achieve a dual-polarization mode through two vertically-arranged microstrip gaps, feed signals can be transmitted and coupled to the main radiation layer more effectively, and the wide-beam antenna performance is achieved. Therefore, the antenna has good radiation efficiency in the frequency bands of N257, N258 and N261, and better meets the application requirements of 5G millimeter wave base station antennas. Meanwhile, excellent isolation performance is also realized; in addition, the base station antenna provided by the utility model has the characteristics of simple design and process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of antenna technology, specifically to base station antennas, millimeter-wave base station antennas, and millimeter-wave isolation structures. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of fifth-generation mobile communication systems (5G), the existing communication frequency bands below 6GHz have become very crowded; while millimeter waves, with their short wavelengths and good propagation characteristics even under poor antenna conditions, have made the use of the wide spectrum resources of the millimeter wave band a trend for the future development of mobile communications.

[0003] Most existing 5G millimeter-wave base station antennas use magnetoelectric dipole antennas. Magnetoelectric dipole antennas are complex to design and require advanced manufacturing processes, resulting in high costs and making it difficult to achieve large-scale array structures. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a millimeter-wave antenna, a millimeter-wave base station antenna and a millimeter-wave isolation structure, which has the antenna characteristics of dual polarization and high isolation, can improve antenna performance, and has the advantages of simple structure and easy implementation.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the first technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0006] The base station antenna includes a parasitic radiation layer, a main radiation layer, and a grounding layer stacked sequentially from top to bottom;

[0007] The parasitic radiation layer is provided with a parasitic patch; the main radiation layer is provided with a main radiation patch; the parasitic patch is provided in correspondence with the main radiation patch; the upper surface of the grounding layer is provided with a coupling structure, and the lower surface of the grounding layer is provided with a feeding structure corresponding to the coupling structure; the coupling structure includes two mutually perpendicular microstrip coupling slots; the feeding structure includes two mutually perpendicular microstrip feeding slots.

[0008] Optionally, it also includes a top layer stacked above the parasitic radiation layer; the top layer has through holes at positions corresponding to the parasitic patch.

[0009] Optionally, the shape and size of the through hole are completely consistent with the shape and size of the parasitic patch.

[0010] Optionally, it also includes a metal via; the metal via extends from the upper surface of the top layer to the upper surface of the ground layer.

[0011] Optionally, the metal vias are located at the periphery of the top layer, and there are two or more of them.

[0012] Optionally, the parasitic patch and the main radiating patch are circular.

[0013] Optionally, the microstrip coupling slot is a U-shaped slot, an L-shaped slot, a V-shaped slot, or a double U-shaped slot structure formed by two U-shaped slots back to back; the microstrip feeding slot is a U-shaped slot, an L-shaped slot, a V-shaped slot, or a double U-shaped slot structure formed by two U-shaped slots back to back.

[0014] Optionally, the power supply structure further includes two microstrip transmission lines; the two microstrip transmission lines are respectively connected to the two microstrip power supply gaps.

[0015] The second technical solution provided by this utility model is:

[0016] Millimeter-wave base station antennas, including the base station antennas mentioned above.

[0017] The third technical solution provided by this utility model is:

[0018] Millimeter-wave isolation structure, including the aforementioned millimeter-wave base station antenna.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The base station antenna provided by this invention allows the main radiating patch on the main radiating layer and the parasitic patch on the parasitic radiating layer to form resonant points and couple, thereby expanding the antenna bandwidth. The feeding structure and coupling structure on the ground layer both utilize two vertically arranged microstrip slots to achieve dual-polarization, enabling simultaneous reception and radiation of signals in both directions (horizontal and vertical), allowing the feeding signal to be transmitted and coupled to the main radiating layer more effectively, achieving wide-beam antenna performance. Therefore, the base station antenna provided by this invention not only significantly expands the antenna bandwidth and possesses wide-beam antenna performance, but also features simple design and manufacturing processes. Furthermore, the millimeter-wave base station antenna implemented based on this antenna will have good radiation efficiency in the N257, N258, and N261 frequency bands, better meeting the application requirements of 5G millimeter-wave base station antennas. Even further, the millimeter-wave isolation structure implemented based on this millimeter-wave base station antenna can significantly improve isolation performance. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the hierarchical structure of a base station antenna provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the layout of the parasitic radiating layer of a base station antenna provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of the main radiating layer of a base station antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the layout of the upper surface of the grounding layer of a base station antenna provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the layout of the lower surface of the grounding layer of a base station antenna provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the grounding layer layout of a base station antenna provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the top layer layout of a base station antenna provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram comparing the S1 parameter curves of an antenna structure that simultaneously has the main radiating layer and the parasitic radiating layer described in this embodiment of the invention with an antenna structure that only has the parasitic radiating layer described in this embodiment of the invention.

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram comparing the S2 parameter curves of an antenna structure that simultaneously has the main radiating layer and the parasitic radiating layer described in this embodiment of the present invention with an antenna structure that only has the parasitic radiating layer described in this embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram comparing the S1 parameter curves of an antenna structure that simultaneously has the parasitic radiating layer and the metal via described in this embodiment of the present invention with an antenna structure that only has the parasitic radiating layer described in this embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram comparing the S2 parameter curves of an antenna structure that simultaneously has the parasitic radiating layer and the metal via described in this embodiment of the present invention with an antenna structure that only has the parasitic radiating layer described in this embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 12 A schematic diagram comparing the S1 parameter curves of the antenna structure provided in this embodiment of the utility model with the existing antenna structure with only a main radiating layer;

[0032] Figure 13 A schematic diagram comparing the S2 parameter curves of the antenna structure provided in this embodiment of the utility model with the existing antenna structure with only a main radiating layer;

[0033] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the isolation curve of a millimeter-wave base station antenna provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the cross-polarization of a millimeter-wave base station antenna at 24 GHz, provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 16 A schematic diagram of the cross-polarization of a millimeter-wave base station antenna at 25 GHz, provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0036] Figure 17 A schematic diagram of the cross-polarization of a millimeter-wave base station antenna at 26 GHz, provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0037] Figure 18 A schematic diagram of the cross-polarization of a millimeter-wave base station antenna at 27 GHz, provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0038] Figure 19 A schematic diagram of the cross-polarization of a millimeter-wave base station antenna at 28 GHz, provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0039] Figure 20 A schematic diagram of the cross-polarization of a millimeter-wave base station antenna at 29 GHz, provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0040] Figure 21 A schematic diagram of the radiation efficiency curve of a millimeter-wave base station antenna provided in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0041] Label Explanation:

[0042] 1. Parasitic radiation layer; 2. Main radiation layer; 3. Grounding layer; 4. Top layer; 5. Metal via;

[0043] 11. Parasitic patches;

[0044] 21. Main radiating patch;

[0045] 3-1. Upper surface of the grounding layer; 3-2. Lower surface of the grounding layer;

[0046] 31. Coupled structure; 311. Microstrip coupling gap;

[0047] 32. Feeding structure; 321. Microstrip feeding gap; 322. Microstrip transmission line;

[0048] 41. Through hole. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To explain in detail the technical content, objectives, and effects of this utility model, the following description is provided in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 This embodiment provides a base station antenna. For example... Figure 1As shown, the base station antenna of this embodiment includes a parasitic radiation layer 1, a main radiation layer 2 and a ground layer 3 stacked sequentially from top to bottom; each layer has a dielectric substrate to provide stable support.

[0052] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the parasitic radiation layer 1 has a parasitic patch 11 on the upper surface of its dielectric substrate, which is mainly used to enhance the signal.

[0053] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the main radiating layer 2 has a main radiating patch 21 on the upper surface of its dielectric substrate. Here, the main radiating patch acts as a radiation source and can be directly coupled with the parasitic patch 11 to form the basic radiation field of the base station antenna and generate a radiated signal.

[0054] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the grounding layer 3, also known as the feed network layer, has a coupling structure 31 on its upper surface (the upper surface 3-1 of the grounding layer) and a feed structure 32 corresponding to the coupling structure 31 on its lower surface (the lower surface 3-2 of the grounding layer). Figure 6 The green line structure in the image; the coupling structure 31 includes two mutually perpendicular microstrip coupling slots 311; the feeding structure 32 includes two mutually perpendicular microstrip feeding slots 321. Here, the ground layer 3 is used to couple the feeding signal to the main radiating patch 21 through the slots. Therefore, the coupling structure determines the energy transmission efficiency (speed and effectiveness). In particular, both the coupling structure 31 and the feeding structure 32 are implemented using waveguide microstrip slots with a vertical layout design, which can achieve dual polarization in their respective planes, that is, can receive and radiate signals in two directions (vertical and horizontal) simultaneously, so that the feeding signal can be transmitted to the radiating layer more effectively for coupling, achieving wide-beam antenna performance.

[0055] The base station antenna provided in this embodiment, through the main radiating patch on the main radiating layer, can form a resonant point in the lower frequency band and interact with radiating patches in other layers to generate a wider radiated beam while ensuring the antenna's bandwidth. Through the parasitic patch on the parasitic radiating layer, a second resonant point can be formed in the higher frequency band, acting as a guide and coupling with the main radiating patch located in the lower layer, further enhancing the beam spreadability. Therefore, the base station antenna provided in this embodiment, through its multi-layer radiating structure design, can not only form multiple resonant points of different frequencies at different levels, with multiple resonant modes interacting to generate an extended beam pattern and improve bandwidth; it can also generate coupling effects to further enhance beam spreadability; thus greatly expanding the bandwidth of the base station antenna and achieving wide-beam antenna performance.

[0056] Please see Figure 8 and Figure 9 It can be seen that the base station antenna structure with both the main radiating layer and the parasitic radiating layer described in this embodiment will have a wider bandwidth and better return loss compared to the antenna structure with only the parasitic radiating layer described in this embodiment. That is, the coupling effect between the main radiating layer and the parasitic radiating layer described in this embodiment can bring about a wider bandwidth and better return loss.

[0057] In some specific implementations of this embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the main radiating patch 21 on the main radiating layer 2 and the parasitic patch 11 on the parasitic radiating layer 1 are positioned opposite each other and are both circular radiating patches. Circular radiating patches can provide a relatively uniform radiation pattern. Compared to other shapes, a circle can maintain symmetry in all directions, thereby ensuring that the radiation beam of the radiating patch is more uniform and stable, thus achieving wide beam performance of the antenna. Preferably, the main radiating patch on the main radiating layer and the parasitic patch on the parasitic radiating layer are located at the center of the stacked structure, so that the radiated energy can be evenly distributed to the surrounding area, avoiding an overly directional beam.

[0058] In some other specific embodiments of this example, such as Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, the base station antenna also includes a top layer 4; the top layer 4 is located above the parasitic radiation layer 1; a through hole 41 is provided on the top layer 4 corresponding to the position of the parasitic patch 11. The through hole 41 on the top layer 4 is used to expose the parasitic patch 11 on the parasitic radiation layer 1, so as to achieve the effect of widening the beam.

[0059] Specifically, the via 41, also known as the top parasitic patch, reduces the loss of the parasitic patch 11 on the parasitic radiation layer 1, thereby further extending the antenna's operating frequency. Preferably, the shape and size of the via are completely consistent with the shape and size of the parasitic patch. That is, the via on the top layer completely exposes the parasitic patch, minimizing its loss and maximizing the broadening of its radiation beam.

[0060] The base station antenna provided in this embodiment has a ground layer that can more effectively couple and transmit the feed signal to the radiating patch through the coupling path provided by the vertical microstrip slot structure. Specifically, the feed structure located on the lower surface of the ground layer consists of two mutually perpendicular microstrip feed slots, which can realize dual-polarization mode feeding and signal transmission on the lower surface of the ground layer to more effectively transmit the feed signal to the upper surface of the ground layer; the coupling structure located on the upper surface of the ground layer consists of two mutually perpendicular microstrip coupling slots, which can also realize dual-polarization mode on the upper surface of the ground layer to more effectively couple and transmit the feed signal to the radiating patch on the upper layer; in addition, the coupling structures located on the upper and lower surfaces of the ground layer correspond to the feed structure in the stacking direction to ensure that the energy transfer of the feed signal to the main radiating patch is unimpeded. This enables the electromagnetic propagation channel formed by the vertical microstrip slot structure to couple the energy of the feed line to the main radiating patch more effectively in two dual-polarization modes, achieving the performance of a wide-beam antenna. In addition, the impedance matching design of this vertical microstrip slot structure can also provide lower input reflection loss and improve the antenna's operating frequency and bandwidth.

[0061] In some other specific embodiments of this example, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a single microstrip coupling slot 311 can be a U-shaped slot, an L-shaped slot, a V-shaped slot, or a double U-shaped slot structure formed by two U-shaped slots back to back; correspondingly, a single microstrip feeding slot 321 can also be a U-shaped slot, an L-shaped slot, a V-shaped slot, or a double U-shaped slot structure formed by two U-shaped slots back to back.

[0062] It should be noted that although the specific shape, size, and placement of the microstrip slots can lead to differences in the resonant frequency, coupling efficiency, and bandwidth performance of the resulting vertical microstrip slot structure, as long as the two microstrip slots in the coupling structure and the feeding structure are perpendicular to each other, and the coupling structure and the feeding structure are correspondingly arranged in the stacking direction, a wider beam and bandwidth compared to existing base station antennas can be achieved. Therefore, this embodiment does not limit the specific shape, size, and orientation of the microstrip slots.

[0063] In some preferred embodiments of this example, a single microstrip coupling slot 311 is a U-shaped or double U-shaped slot structure; more preferably, a single microstrip feed slot 321 is also a U-shaped or double U-shaped slot structure. Figure 4 and Figure 6As shown, as a preferred example, both microstrip coupling slots 311 of the coupling structure are double-U slot structures, and the opening sizes of the double Us are different; the U with the larger opening in the other double-U slot structure is perpendicular to the opening direction, i.e., 90 degrees apart; the opening direction of the U in the double-U slot structure corresponds as much as possible to the diagonal of the plane (i.e., the grounding layer medium). Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, as another preferred example, both microstrip feed gaps 321 of the feed structure are U-shaped, and the U-shapes are perpendicular to each other in the opening direction, and the opening direction of the U-shapes corresponds as much as possible to the diagonal of the plane (i.e., the grounding layer medium).

[0064] In some specific implementations of this embodiment, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the feeding structure 32 further includes two microstrip transmission lines 322 corresponding to the two microstrip feeding slots 321 respectively; one end of each microstrip transmission line 322 is connected to the feeding port (i.e., the feeding line, not shown in the figure), and the other end is connected to the microstrip feeding slot 321, so as to transmit the feeding signal from the feeding port to the microstrip feeding slot. Preferably, as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the microstrip transmission line is a polygonal shape, which can avoid potential losses compared to straight transmission. Especially in long-distance transmission, the polygonal structure of this specific embodiment can effectively disperse the effects of the equivalent resistance and capacitance of the transmission line. At the same time, compared with straight transmission lines, the design of polygonal transmission lines can better adapt to limited space requirements, allowing for more flexible arrangement, avoiding wasted space, and is more suitable for compact design structures.

[0065] The base station antenna provided in this embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figures 2 to 4 As shown, it also includes a metal via 5, which extends from the upper surface of the top layer 4 to the upper surface of the ground layer 3. The metal via, as a connecting structure, connects the intermediate ground plane structure (from the parasitic radiation layer to the upper surface of the ground layer) and the via (i.e., the circular parasitic patch) of the top layer to improve the impedance bandwidth of the antenna.

[0066] In some specific implementations of this embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the metal vias 5 are located around the periphery of the top layer 4, and there are two or more of them. Preferably, the metal vias 4 are located at the four corners of the hierarchical structure. The four metal vias located at the four corners of the antenna hierarchical structure can connect the intermediate ground plane structure and the circular parasitic patch of the top layer to form an electrical path, serving as a ground reference for the antenna, helping to better transmit signals, and optimizing the antenna impedance bandwidth, thereby improving the antenna performance.

[0067] Therefore, the base station antenna provided in this embodiment adopts a combined design of a multi-layer circular patch structure and a vertical microstrip slot structure. Optimally, four dielectric substrates are stacked sequentially to form a top layer, a parasitic radiating layer, a main radiating layer, and a ground layer. In the ground layer, two vertical waveguide microstrip slots are used to form two dual-polarized signal transmission modes on its upper and lower surfaces to more effectively couple the feed signal to the main radiating patch. Resonant points of different frequency bands are introduced into the parasitic radiating layer and the main radiating layer, respectively. Through the coupling between the main radiating patch and the parasitic radiating patch, the antenna bandwidth is extended and the wide-beam antenna performance is achieved. In the top layer, through-hole design exposes the parasitic patch on the parasitic radiating layer to reduce patch loss and further broaden the beam. At the four corners of the layered structure, metal vias extending from the top layer to the upper surface of the ground layer are designed to improve the antenna's impedance bandwidth. The above structure will ultimately enable the effective and maximum expansion of the bandwidth and beam performance of the base station antenna, thereby significantly improving antenna performance. Therefore, the base station antenna of this embodiment can achieve full coverage in the N257, N258, and N261 frequency bands, well meeting the application requirements of 5G millimeter-wave base station antennas in these bands. In particular, the base station antenna of this embodiment also features simple design, simple manufacturing requirements (especially the separation of the feed and radiating patch, which makes processing easier), and lower cost. Therefore, it can achieve extremely stable base station antenna performance with a very small profile, possessing great potential for application in MIMO array 5G millimeter-wave base station antennas.

[0068] Example 2

[0069] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment provides a preferred specific implementation method:

[0070] The base station antenna in this embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the structure includes, from top to bottom, a top layer 4, a parasitic radiation layer 1, a main radiation layer 2, and a ground layer 3. Each layer uses a Rogers 4350b dielectric substrate as the dielectric substrate; the dielectric constant of the substrate is 3.66, and the loss tangent is 0.0037.

[0071] like Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the grounding layer 3, located at the bottom layer, has a feeding structure 32 in the middle of its lower surface. Specifically, it consists of two U-shaped microstrip feeding slots 321 and two zigzag microstrip transmission lines 322. The two U-shaped microstrip feeding slots 321 are perpendicular to each other; the opening directions of the two U-shapes are perpendicular, and the opening directions of the U-shapes correspond as much as possible to the diagonal of the grounding layer. Each of the two zigzag microstrip transmission lines 322 has one end connected to a U-shaped microstrip feeding slot 321 and the other end connected to a feeding port. Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, a coupling structure 31 is provided at the middle position of the upper surface of the grounding layer 3, specifically composed of two microstrip coupling slots 311 with double U-slot structures; the opening sizes of the double U in the double U-slot structure are different, and the U with the larger opening in one double U-slot structure is perpendicular to the U with the larger opening in the other double U-slot structure in the opening direction, that is, 90 degrees apart; the U with the larger opening in one double U-slot structure corresponds to the other double U-slot structure; at the same time, the opening direction of the U in the double U-slot structure is as close as possible to the diagonal of the grounding layer.

[0072] A circular main radiation patch 21 is provided in the middle of the main radiation layer 2 above the grounding layer 3.

[0073] Above the main radiation layer 21, in the middle position, there is a circular parasitic patch 11 that is exactly the same size and position as the main radiation patch 21.

[0074] A circular through-hole 41 is formed in the middle of the top layer 4. The size and position of this through-hole correspond perfectly to the circular parasitic patch on the parasitic radiation layer, allowing the parasitic patch on the parasitic radiation layer to be exposed.

[0075] In addition, at the four corners of the hierarchical structure, there are metal vias 5 that extend from the top layer 4 to the upper surface of the ground layer 4.

[0076] The base station antenna provided in this embodiment forms two dual-polarization signal transmission modes on the upper and lower surfaces of the grounding layer through two vertical U-shaped waveguide microstrip slots, respectively, to more effectively couple the feed signal to the main radiating patch. Resonant points of different frequency bands are introduced into the parasitic radiating layer and the main radiating layer to extend the antenna bandwidth. A circular parasitic patch is placed on the top layer to improve the antenna's impedance bandwidth. Four metal vias are introduced at the four corners of the hierarchical structure to connect the middle ground plane structure (from the parasitic radiating layer to the upper surface of the grounding layer) and the circular parasitic patch on the top layer, thereby improving the antenna's impedance bandwidth. Ultimately, this effectively and maximally extends the bandwidth and beam performance of the base station antenna, thereby significantly improving antenna performance.

[0077] Please see Figures 10 to 12 ,Depend on Figure 10 and Figure 11 As can be seen, the base station antenna structure provided in this embodiment has metal via design and parasitic radiating patch that can be synchronously equivalent to inductance. Compared with antenna structures without metal via design, it can better match antenna impedance and further widen antenna impedance bandwidth.

[0078] Depend on Figure 12 and Figure 13As can be seen, the base station antenna structure provided in this embodiment, compared with the existing base station antenna structure with only a main radiating layer, has S-parameters that can cover a wider communication frequency band and a deeper return loss, thereby achieving better impedance bandwidth.

[0079] As described above, the base station antenna structure provided in this embodiment can achieve full coverage in the N257, N258, and N261 frequency bands, and can well meet the application requirements of 5G millimeter-wave base station antennas in the N257, N258, and N261 frequency bands. In particular, the base station antenna of this embodiment also has the characteristics of simple design, simple manufacturing process, and lower cost. It can achieve extremely stable base station antenna performance with an extremely small outline, and has great potential for application in MIMO array 5G millimeter-wave base station antennas.

[0080] Example 3

[0081] This embodiment is a further extension of any of the above embodiments, providing a millimeter-wave base station antenna.

[0082] The millimeter-wave base station antenna of this embodiment includes the base station antenna described in any of the above embodiments. The specific structure of the base station antenna will not be repeated here; please refer to Embodiments 1 and 2 for details.

[0083] The millimeter-wave base station antenna in this embodiment adopts a vertical feeding structure, which can effectively increase antenna isolation. In particular, the millimeter-wave base station antenna in this embodiment is a 5G millimeter-wave base station antenna.

[0084] Please see Figures 14 to 21 .Depend on Figure 14 It can be seen that the millimeter-wave base station antenna provided in this embodiment has an isolation of less than -20dB in the N257, N258 and N261 operating frequency bands, and has good isolation performance.

[0085] Depend on Figures 15 to 20 As can be seen, the millimeter-wave base station antenna provided in this embodiment has a wide beam scanning angle in the 24GHz, 25GHz, 26GHz, 27GHz, 28GHz, and 29GHz operating frequency bands, and the dual-port cross-polarization is greater than -30dB in all cases (Phi = 0°). Therefore, the millimeter-wave base station antenna provided in this embodiment can be used as a 5G millimeter-wave base station antenna and can achieve wide-angle beam scanning.

[0086] Depend on Figure 21As can be seen, the millimeter-wave base station antenna provided in this embodiment exhibits excellent radiation efficiency, exceeding 90%, in the N257, N258, and N261 operating frequency bands. Therefore, the millimeter-wave base station antenna provided in this embodiment can achieve extremely stable base station antenna performance with an extremely small outer profile, thus possessing great potential for application in MIMO array 5G millimeter-wave base station antennas.

[0087] As can be seen from the above, the millimeter-wave base station antenna provided in this embodiment can achieve full coverage in the N257, N258, and N261 frequency bands, and can well meet the communication requirements of 5G millimeter-wave base station antennas in the N257, N258, and N261 frequency bands; it also has the characteristics of simple design, simple process requirements, and lower cost, and can achieve extremely stable base station antenna performance with an extremely small outline.

[0088] Example 4

[0089] This embodiment is a further extension of Embodiment 3, providing a millimeter-wave isolation structure.

[0090] The millimeter-wave isolation structure of this embodiment includes the millimeter-wave base station antenna described in Embodiment 3 above. That is, it implements wireless millimeter-wave isolated transmission based on the millimeter-wave base station antenna described in Embodiment 3 above.

[0091] The specific structure of the millimeter-wave base station antenna will not be described in detail here; please refer to Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 for more information.

[0092] As shown in Embodiment 3, the millimeter-wave base station antenna used in the millimeter-wave isolation structure provided in this embodiment has good isolation performance and good radiation efficiency in the N257, N258, and N261 operating frequency bands, and can also achieve wide-angle beam scanning. Therefore, the millimeter-wave isolation structure of this embodiment can achieve high-isolation communication in the N257, N258, and N261 operating frequency bands, which can significantly improve isolation performance.

[0093] In summary, the millimeter-wave antenna, millimeter-wave base station antenna, and millimeter-wave isolation structure provided by this utility model can exhibit dual-polarization, wide beam, superior bandwidth, and high isolation antenna characteristics in the N257, N258, and N261 operating frequency bands. They also feature simple design, simple manufacturing requirements, and lower cost, enabling extremely stable base station antenna performance with a very small profile, and possessing great potential for application in MIMO array 5G millimeter-wave base station antennas. Furthermore, the millimeter-wave isolation structure based on the millimeter-wave base station antenna can significantly improve isolation performance.

[0094] The above description is merely an embodiment of this utility model and does not limit the patent scope of this utility model. Any equivalent modifications made based on the content of this utility model specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A base station antenna, characterized by It includes a parasitic radiation layer, a main radiation layer, and a grounding layer, which are stacked sequentially from top to bottom; The parasitic radiation layer is provided with a parasitic patch; the main radiation layer is provided with a main radiation patch; the parasitic patch is provided in correspondence with the main radiation patch; the upper surface of the grounding layer is provided with a coupling structure, and the lower surface of the grounding layer is provided with a feeding structure corresponding to the coupling structure; the coupling structure includes two mutually perpendicular microstrip coupling slots; the feeding structure includes two mutually perpendicular microstrip feeding slots.

2. The base station antenna of Claim 1, wherein, It also includes a top layer stacked above the parasitic radiation layer; the top layer has through holes at the positions corresponding to the parasitic patch.

3. The base station antenna of Claim 2, wherein, The shape and size of the through hole are completely consistent with the shape and size of the parasitic patch.

4. The base station antenna of Claim 2, wherein, It also includes metal vias; the metal vias extend from the upper surface of the top layer to the upper surface of the ground layer.

5. The base station antenna of Claim 4, wherein, The metal vias are located at the periphery of the top layer, and there are two or more of them.

6. The base station antenna of Claim 1, wherein, The parasitic patch and the main radiating patch are circular.

7. The base station antenna of Claim 1, wherein, The microstrip coupling slot is a U-shaped slot, an L-shaped slot, a V-shaped slot, or a double U-shaped slot structure formed by two U-shaped slots back to back; the microstrip feeding slot is a U-shaped slot, an L-shaped slot, a V-shaped slot, or a double U-shaped slot structure formed by two U-shaped slots back to back.

8. The base station antenna of Claim 1, wherein, The power supply structure also includes two microstrip transmission lines; the two microstrip transmission lines are respectively connected to the two microstrip power supply gaps.

9. A millimeter wave base station antenna, characterized by Includes the base station antenna described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A millimeter wave isolation structure characterized by, Includes the millimeter-wave base station antenna as described in claim 9.

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