Photovoltaic heat storage and heat pump coupling system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a photovoltaic heat storage and heat pump coupling system, and relates to the technical field of heat storage and energy supply, the photovoltaic heat storage and heat pump coupling system comprises a photovoltaic panel, a heat storage subsystem and a heat pump subsystem, the photovoltaic panel is used for converting solar energy into electric energy; the heat storage subsystem comprises a photovoltaic cooling part, a phase change heat storage box and a first pump body which are connected in sequence, the photovoltaic cooling part is connected with the photovoltaic panel, and the first pump body is used for driving a cooling medium to circulate in the heat storage subsystem; the heat pump subsystem is provided with a cold end and a hot end, the cold end is connected with the two ends of the phase change heat storage box, and the hot end is used for providing heat energy for the outside. According to the technical scheme provided by the utility model, the problem of low power generation efficiency of a conventional photovoltaic panel in a high-temperature environment in summer can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of thermal energy storage technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic thermal storage and heat pump coupling system. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic (PV) panels are devices that directly convert solar energy into electrical energy and are widely used in various scenarios. In the field of distributed generation, PV panels are installed on the roofs of residential, commercial buildings, and industrial plants to provide users with clean, renewable electricity, meeting daily electricity needs and reducing electricity bills. Simultaneously, PV panels are also used in centralized photovoltaic power plants, which are deployed on a large scale in areas such as deserts, mountains, or water surfaces to convert solar energy into electrical energy and connect it to the grid, providing society with a large amount of clean energy. With continuous technological advancements, the conversion efficiency of PV panels is constantly improving, and costs are gradually decreasing, playing a vital role in achieving global energy transition and sustainable development.

[0003] According to relevant data, photovoltaic (PV) panels have the best power generation efficiency at 25℃. The efficiency decreases as the temperature rises, with a decrease of 0.3–0.5% per ℃. Conventional PV panels are typically cooled behind them through ventilation, which can reach temperatures exceeding 60℃ in summer, severely impacting their power generation efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main purpose of this invention is to propose a photovoltaic thermal storage and heat pump coupling system, which aims to solve the problem of low power generation efficiency of conventional photovoltaic panels in high-temperature environments during summer.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes a photovoltaic thermal storage and heat pump coupling system, comprising a photovoltaic panel, a thermal storage subsystem, and a heat pump subsystem. The photovoltaic panel is used to convert solar energy into electrical energy. The thermal storage subsystem includes a photovoltaic cooling element, a phase change thermal storage box, and a first pump body connected in sequence. The photovoltaic cooling element is connected to the photovoltaic panel, and the first pump body is used to drive a cooling medium to circulate within the thermal storage subsystem. The heat pump subsystem has a cold end and a hot end. The cold end is connected to both ends of the phase change thermal storage box, and the hot end is used to provide heat energy to the outside.

[0006] In one embodiment, the first pump body is located between the phase change heat storage tank and the cold end of the heat pump subsystem, and the first pump body is capable of transferring the cooling medium in the phase change heat storage tank to the cold end.

[0007] In one embodiment, a first valve is provided between the first pump body and the photovoltaic cooling element, and the first valve is used to control the flow rate of the cooling medium between the phase change heat storage box and the photovoltaic cooling element.

[0008] In one embodiment, the photovoltaic thermal storage and heat pump coupling system has a temperature sensor located at the photovoltaic cooling element, the temperature sensor being used to detect the temperature of the photovoltaic cooling element, and the temperature sensor being electrically connected to the first valve.

[0009] In one embodiment, a second valve is provided between the first pump body and the cold end, and the second valve is electrically connected to the heat pump subsystem.

[0010] In one embodiment, the phase change heat storage box contains a multilayer thin-sheet phase change material.

[0011] In one embodiment, the heat pump subsystem includes a fan-source radiator located at the cold end, which is used to reduce the temperature of the cold end.

[0012] In one embodiment, the heat pump subsystem includes a hot water storage tank located at the hot end, which is capable of absorbing heat from the hot end.

[0013] In one embodiment, the photovoltaic cooling element is a heat exchange coil, which is connected to one side of the photovoltaic panel.

[0014] In one embodiment, a second pump body is provided between the phase change heat storage box and the cold end of the heat pump subsystem, the second pump body being capable of transferring the cooling medium in the phase change heat storage box to the cold end.

[0015] The photovoltaic thermal storage and heat pump coupling system of this utility model achieves high-efficiency operation through the rational configuration of its components. Specifically, photovoltaic panels are installed on the roof of a building or other locations with ample sunlight to convert solar energy into electrical energy. In the thermal storage subsystem, the photovoltaic cooling element is in close contact with the back of the photovoltaic panel. A cooling medium (such as water or antifreeze) absorbs excess heat generated by the photovoltaic panel, lowering its operating temperature and improving power generation efficiency. The cooling medium, driven by a first pump, circulates between the photovoltaic cooling element and the phase change thermal storage tank, transferring heat to the phase change material within the tank for storage. The cold end of the heat pump subsystem is connected to the phase change thermal storage tank. Utilizing the heat stored in the tank as a low-temperature heat source, the heat is circulated by the heat pump to raise the temperature to a higher level, which is then output from the hot end for building heating or providing domestic hot water. The heat pump subsystem can employ an air-source heat pump or a water-source heat pump, selecting the appropriate type based on the actual application environment. During system operation, the intelligent controller automatically adjusts the speed of the first pump and the operating mode of the heat pump subsystem based on the photovoltaic panel temperature, phase change heat storage box temperature, and external heat demand, ensuring efficient and stable system operation. The combination of photovoltaic cooling components and the phase change heat storage box effectively solves the problem of decreased photovoltaic panel power generation efficiency in high-temperature environments, improving the photovoltaic panel's power generation efficiency and lifespan. At night or when sunlight is insufficient, the heat pump subsystem can continue operating using stored heat, providing users with a stable heat supply and enhancing the system's reliability and flexibility. Furthermore, this system achieves an organic integration of photovoltaic power generation and the heat pump system, improving the overall energy utilization efficiency, reducing dependence on traditional energy sources, and demonstrating significant economic and social benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a structure of an embodiment of the photovoltaic thermal storage and heat pump coupling system provided by this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another embodiment of the photovoltaic thermal storage and heat pump coupling system provided by this utility model.

[0019] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0020] 100. Photovoltaic thermal storage and heat pump coupling system; 1. Photovoltaic panel; 2. Thermal storage subsystem; 21. Photovoltaic cooling component; 22. Phase change thermal storage box; 23. First pump body; 3. Heat pump subsystem; 24. First valve; 25. Temperature sensor; 31. Second valve; 32. Air source radiator; 33. Hot water storage tank; 34. Second pump body.

[0021] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this utility model will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0023] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this utility model involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0024] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this utility model involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the use of "and / or" or "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0025] This utility model proposes a photovoltaic thermal storage and heat pump coupling system 100.

[0026] Please see Figure 1In one embodiment of this utility model, the photovoltaic heat storage and heat pump coupling system 100 includes a photovoltaic panel 1, a heat storage subsystem 2, and a heat pump subsystem 3. The photovoltaic panel 1 is used to convert solar energy into electrical energy. The heat storage subsystem 2 includes a photovoltaic cooling component 21, a phase change heat storage box 22, and a first pump body 23 connected in sequence. The photovoltaic cooling component 21 is connected to the photovoltaic panel 1, and the first pump body 23 is used to drive the cooling medium to circulate in the heat storage subsystem 2. The heat pump subsystem 3 has a cold end and a hot end. The cold end is connected to both ends of the phase change heat storage box 22, and the hot end is used to provide heat energy to the outside.

[0027] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic thermal storage and heat pump coupling system 100 achieves efficient operation through the rational configuration of its components. Specifically, the photovoltaic panel 1 is installed on the roof of a building or in another location with ample sunlight to convert solar energy into electrical energy. The photovoltaic cooling element 21 in the thermal storage subsystem 2 is in close contact with the back of the photovoltaic panel 1, absorbing excess heat generated by the photovoltaic panel 1 through a cooling medium (such as water or antifreeze), thus lowering its operating temperature and improving power generation efficiency. The cooling medium is driven by the first pump body 23 and circulates between the photovoltaic cooling element 21 and the phase change thermal storage tank 22, transferring heat to the phase change material within the phase change thermal storage tank 22 for storage. The phase change material is selected from organic compounds with a melting point between 20°C and 30°C, such as paraffin-based materials, which can efficiently absorb and release heat within this temperature range. The cold end of the heat pump subsystem 3 is connected to the phase change thermal storage tank 22, utilizing the heat stored in the phase change thermal storage tank 22 as a low-temperature heat source. The heat is then circulated by the heat pump to raise the temperature to a higher level and output from the hot end for building heating or providing domestic hot water. The heat pump subsystem 3 can be an air source heat pump or a water source heat pump, and the appropriate type can be selected according to the actual application environment. During system operation, the intelligent controller automatically adjusts the speed of the first pump body 23 and the operating mode of the heat pump subsystem 3 according to the temperature of the photovoltaic panel 1, the temperature of the phase change heat storage box 22 and the external heat demand, to ensure efficient and stable system operation.

[0028] By combining the photovoltaic cooling element 21 and the phase change heat storage box 22, the problem of decreased power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel 1 under high-temperature environments is effectively solved, improving the power generation efficiency and service life of the photovoltaic panel 1. For example, in hot summer weather, the temperature of the photovoltaic panel 1 can be reduced to below 30°C, increasing the power generation efficiency by approximately 10% to 15%. Secondly, the phase change heat storage box 22 can store excess heat, realizing the spatial and temporal transfer of heat and improving the utilization efficiency of solar energy. At night or when sunlight is insufficient, the heat pump subsystem 3 can continue to operate using the stored heat, providing users with a stable supply of heat energy and enhancing the reliability and flexibility of the system. In addition, this system achieves the organic integration of photovoltaic power generation and heat pump system, improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of energy, reducing dependence on traditional energy sources, and has good economic and social benefits.

[0029] In one embodiment of this utility model, please refer to Figure 1 The first pump body 23 is located between the phase change heat storage box 22 and the cold end of the heat pump subsystem 3. The first pump body 23 can transfer the cooling medium in the phase change heat storage box 22 to the cold end.

[0030] In one embodiment, a first pump body 23 is installed on the pipeline between the phase change heat storage tank 22 and the cold end of the heat pump subsystem 3. Its main function is to transfer the cooling medium (such as water or antifreeze) in the phase change heat storage tank 22 to the cold end of the heat pump subsystem 3. Specifically, the outlet of the phase change heat storage tank 22 is connected to the inlet of the first pump body 23 through a pipeline, and the outlet of the first pump body 23 is connected to the inlet of the heat exchanger at the cold end of the heat pump subsystem 3 through a pipeline. When the system is running, the first pump body 23 starts, and the cooling medium is drawn from the phase change heat storage tank 22. After being pressurized by the pump body, it is delivered to the cold end heat exchanger of the heat pump subsystem 3 at a certain flow rate and pressure. In the cold end heat exchanger, the cooling medium exchanges heat with the low-temperature refrigerant of the heat pump subsystem 3, transferring the stored heat to the refrigerant, thereby providing a low-temperature heat source for the heat pump subsystem 3. The first pump body 23 can adopt a variable frequency control method to automatically adjust the flow rate and pressure according to the actual needs of the system, so as to achieve more energy-saving and efficient operation.

[0031] The first pump body 23 ensures stable and efficient transfer of the cooling medium between the phase change heat storage tank 22 and the cold end of the heat pump subsystem 3, enabling the heat stored in the phase change heat storage tank 22 to be utilized by the heat pump subsystem 3 in a timely and effective manner, thus improving the overall operating efficiency of the system. For example, at night or when there is insufficient sunlight, the first pump body 23 can continuously transfer heat from the phase change heat storage tank 22 to the heat pump subsystem 3, ensuring the stable operation of the heat pump subsystem 3 and providing users with a continuous supply of heat energy. Secondly, by rationally selecting the flow rate and head of the first pump body 23 and adopting variable frequency control technology, the flow rate and pressure of the cooling medium can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual needs of the system, thereby achieving energy-saving operation and reducing the system's energy consumption. For example, when the system load is low, the flow rate and power consumption can be reduced by decreasing the speed of the first pump body 23, saving approximately 20% to 30% of electrical energy compared to a pump with a fixed speed. In addition, the rational layout and operation control of the first pump body 23 can also reduce pressure loss within the system, improve the reliability and stability of the system, and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0032] In one embodiment of this utility model, please refer to Figure 1 A first valve 24 is provided between the first pump body 23 and the photovoltaic cooling component 21. The first valve 24 is used to control the flow rate of the cooling medium between the phase change heat storage box 22 and the photovoltaic cooling component 21.

[0033] In this embodiment, the first valve 24 is installed on the pipeline between the phase change heat storage tank 22 and the photovoltaic cooling element 21 to control the flow rate of the cooling medium from the phase change heat storage tank 22 to the photovoltaic cooling element 21. Specifically, the first valve 24 can be an electric regulating valve or a manual regulating valve, selected according to the system's operating requirements. For example, when the system needs to cool the photovoltaic panel 1, the flow rate of the cooling medium can be precisely controlled by adjusting the opening of the first valve 24, thereby achieving effective regulation of the photovoltaic panel 1's temperature. During system operation, the first valve 24 works in conjunction with the first pump body 23. The intelligent controller automatically adjusts the opening of the first valve 24 based on the feedback signal from the temperature sensor 25 of the photovoltaic panel 1. For example, when the temperature of the photovoltaic panel 1 exceeds a set value (e.g., 30°C), the intelligent controller automatically increases the opening of the first valve 24 to increase the flow rate of the cooling medium, thereby quickly reducing the temperature of the photovoltaic panel 1; when the temperature of the photovoltaic panel 1 drops below the set value, the intelligent controller decreases the opening of the first valve 24 to reduce the flow rate of the cooling medium, thereby maintaining the photovoltaic panel 1 within its optimal operating temperature range. In addition, the first valve 24 can also cut off the flow of cooling medium during system maintenance or repair, making it convenient for operators to perform equipment maintenance and repair.

[0034] The first valve 24 can precisely control the flow rate of the cooling medium, thereby achieving precise temperature regulation of the photovoltaic panel 1. By reasonably adjusting the opening of the first valve 24, the photovoltaic panel 1 can be ensured to operate within its optimal operating temperature range, improving its power generation efficiency and lifespan. For example, in high-temperature environments during summer, increasing the opening of the first valve 24 can effectively reduce the operating temperature of the photovoltaic panel 1, increasing its power generation efficiency by approximately 10% to 15%. Secondly, the collaborative operation of the first valve 24 with the intelligent controller enables automated system operation, improving system efficiency and reliability. The intelligent controller automatically adjusts the opening of the first valve 24 based on feedback signals from the photovoltaic panel 1 temperature sensor 25, eliminating the need for manual intervention and reducing system operating costs and operational complexity. Furthermore, during system maintenance or repair, the first valve 24 can cut off the flow of the cooling medium, ensuring operator safety and facilitating system maintenance and repair, thus improving system maintainability and safety.

[0035] In one embodiment of this utility model, please refer to Figure 1 The photovoltaic thermal storage and heat pump coupling system 100 has a temperature sensor 25 located at the photovoltaic cooling element 21. The temperature sensor 25 is used to detect the temperature of the photovoltaic cooling element 21 and is electrically connected to the first valve 24.

[0036] In one embodiment, the electrical connection between the temperature sensor 25 and the first valve 24 enables automated temperature control. Specifically, the temperature sensor 25 is installed on the surface of the photovoltaic cooling element 21 or on the pipe through which the cooling medium flows, for real-time detection of the temperature of the photovoltaic cooling element 21. The temperature sensor 25 is connected to the controller of the first valve 24 via a signal line, forming a closed-loop control system. When the temperature sensor 25 detects that the temperature of the photovoltaic cooling element 21 exceeds a preset value (e.g., 30°C), it sends a signal to the controller of the first valve 24. Upon receiving the signal, the controller automatically increases the opening of the first valve 24, increasing the flow rate of the cooling medium to reduce the temperature of the photovoltaic cooling element 21. Conversely, when the temperature sensor 25 detects that the temperature is below the preset value (e.g., 20°C), the controller decreases the opening of the first valve 24, reducing the flow rate of the cooling medium.

[0037] In this invention, the electrical connection between the temperature sensor 25 and the first valve 24 enables intelligent temperature control, offering significant advantages. Firstly, through the linkage between the temperature sensor 25 and the first valve 24, the system can monitor and automatically adjust the temperature of the photovoltaic cooling element 21 in real time, ensuring that the photovoltaic panel 1 always operates within its optimal operating temperature range, thereby significantly improving the power generation efficiency and lifespan of the photovoltaic panel 1. For example, in high-temperature summer environments, by automatically adjusting the flow rate of the cooling medium, the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel 1 can be increased by approximately 10% to 15%. Secondly, this automated temperature control system reduces manual intervention, improving the system's operating efficiency and reliability. The closed-loop control design enables rapid response to temperature changes, timely adjustment of the cooling medium flow rate, and avoids system failures caused by excessively high or low temperatures.

[0038] In one embodiment of this utility model, please refer to Figure 1 A second valve 31 is provided between the first pump body 23 and the cold end, and the second valve 31 is electrically connected to the heat pump subsystem 3.

[0039] In this embodiment, the second valve 31 is installed on the pipeline between the first pump body 23 and the cold end of the heat pump subsystem 3, and is used to control the flow rate of the cooling medium from the phase change heat storage tank 22 to the cold end of the heat pump subsystem 3. The second valve 31 is electrically connected to the controller of the heat pump subsystem 3 to realize remote control and automated operation. In specific implementation, the second valve 31 can be an electric regulating valve or a solenoid valve, selected according to the system's operating requirements. For example, when the heat pump subsystem 3 needs to extract heat from the phase change heat storage tank 22, the controller will automatically adjust the opening of the second valve 31 according to the system load and the temperature of the phase change heat storage tank 22 to control the flow rate of the cooling medium. When the system starts up, the controller can fully open the second valve 31 to ensure that the cooling medium can quickly fill the cold end of the heat pump subsystem 3; while when the system load is low or the temperature of the phase change heat storage tank 22 is low, the controller can partially close the second valve 31 to reduce the flow rate of the cooling medium and avoid overcooling.

[0040] Through its electrical connection with the heat pump subsystem 3, the second valve 31 can automatically adjust its opening according to the actual operating requirements of the system, thereby achieving precise control of the cooling medium flow rate. This automated flow regulation method ensures that the heat pump subsystem 3 operates efficiently under different operating conditions, improving the overall performance and stability of the system. For example, when heating demand is high in winter, the second valve 31 can increase its opening to increase the cooling medium flow rate to meet the high-load operating requirements of the heat pump subsystem 3; while when cooling demand is low in summer, the second valve 31 can decrease its opening to reduce the cooling medium flow rate, thereby reducing energy consumption. Secondly, the automated control function of the second valve 31 reduces manual intervention and improves the operating efficiency and reliability of the system. Through linkage with the controller of the heat pump subsystem 3, the second valve 31 can quickly respond to changes in the system and adjust the flow rate in a timely manner, avoiding system failures caused by insufficient or excessive flow.

[0041] In one embodiment of this utility model, please refer to Figure 1 The phase change heat storage box 22 contains multi-layer thin-sheet phase change material.

[0042] In one embodiment, the phase change heat storage tank 22 contains a multi-layered sheet structure, with each sheet made of phase change material. These sheets are separated by spacers to ensure uniform heat transfer and storage. The phase change material can be an organic phase change material (such as paraffin-based materials) or an inorganic phase change material (such as salt mixtures), depending on the system's operating temperature range and application scenario. For example, for a system operating between 20°C and 30°C, a paraffin-based phase change material with a melting point of around 25°C can be selected. The sheet thickness is typically between 1 mm and 5 mm to ensure that the phase change material can complete the heat absorption and release process in a short time. The outer shell of the phase change heat storage tank 22 is wrapped with an insulation material (such as polyurethane foam) to reduce heat loss. In practical applications, the phase change heat storage box 22 can be customized according to the scale and needs of the system. For example, in a small residential system, the capacity of the phase change heat storage box 22 can be designed to be 50 to 100 liters, while in a medium-sized commercial building system, the capacity can reach 500 to 1000 liters.

[0043] Multilayer sheet structures can significantly improve the heat transfer efficiency of phase change materials (PCMs) because the sheet structure increases the contact area between the PCM and the cooling medium, allowing for faster heat transfer and storage. For example, compared to traditional bulk PCMs, multilayer sheet PCMs can improve heat transfer efficiency by 30% to 50%. Secondly, this structure enables more uniform heat distribution, avoiding localized overheating or overcooling, thereby improving system stability and reliability. Furthermore, the number and thickness of multilayer sheet PCMs can be flexibly adjusted to adapt to different system requirements and operating conditions. For example, in systems requiring rapid response, the number of sheet layers can be increased to improve heat transfer speed; while in systems requiring long-term energy storage, the sheet thickness can be appropriately increased to improve energy storage density.

[0044] In one embodiment of this utility model, please refer to Figure 1 The heat pump subsystem 3 is equipped with a fan source radiator 32, which is located at the cold end and is used to reduce the temperature of the cold end.

[0045] In this embodiment, the air-source radiator 32 installed within the heat pump subsystem 3 is used to reduce the temperature at the cold end. Specifically, the air-source radiator 32 is installed at the cold end of the heat pump subsystem 3, typically located on the pipes or equipment casing after the evaporator. The radiator employs a finned structure, increasing heat dissipation area to improve heat dissipation efficiency. The radiator fins can be made of aluminum or copper to ensure good thermal conductivity. Airflow inside the radiator can be achieved through natural convection or forced convection (e.g., by installing a fan). In the case of forced convection, the fan speed can be adjusted according to system requirements to optimize heat dissipation.

[0046] In one embodiment of this utility model, please refer to Figure 1 The heat pump subsystem 3 is equipped with a hot water storage tank 33, which is located at the hot end and can absorb heat from the hot end.

[0047] In one embodiment, the hot water storage tank 33 within the heat pump subsystem 3 is located at the hot end and is used to absorb and store the heat generated at the hot end. Specifically, the hot water storage tank 33 is connected to the hot end (such as the condenser) of the heat pump subsystem 3 via a pipe. When the heat pump system is running, high-temperature hot water flows out from the condenser and enters the hot water storage tank 33 for storage. The hot water storage tank 33 is equipped with a temperature sensor 25 and a liquid level sensor to monitor the water temperature and water level in real time, ensuring the safe operation of the system. For example, in a small residential system, the capacity of the hot water storage tank 33 can be designed to be 100 liters to 300 liters, and the tank material is made of stainless steel or fiberglass to ensure corrosion resistance and heat insulation performance. In addition, the hot water storage tank 33 can also be equipped with an intelligent control system to automatically adjust the hot water supply temperature and flow rate according to user needs, achieving efficient and energy-saving operation.

[0048] The hot water storage tank 33 effectively absorbs and stores heat generated at the heat exchanger, enabling the spatial and temporal transfer of heat and improving the system's energy efficiency. For example, at night or when sunlight is insufficient, the heat stored in the hot water storage tank 33 can continue to provide hot water to users, ensuring the stable operation of the system. Secondly, the hot water storage tank 33 reduces the frequent start-stop of the heat pump system, extending the equipment's lifespan and reducing maintenance costs. By storing heat, the system can flexibly adjust the hot water supply according to the user's actual needs, avoiding increased energy consumption and equipment wear caused by frequent start-stop of the heat pump system. Furthermore, the hot water storage tank 33 can be combined with other energy systems (such as solar water heaters) to further improve the system's overall energy efficiency, providing users with a more stable and reliable hot water supply.

[0049] In one embodiment of this utility model, please refer to Figure 1 The photovoltaic cooling component 21 is a heat exchange coil, which is connected to one side of the photovoltaic panel 1.

[0050] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic cooling element 21 takes the form of a heat exchange coil, which is tightly connected to one side of the photovoltaic panel 1 to absorb excess heat generated by the photovoltaic panel 1 during operation. Specifically, the heat exchange coil can be made of copper or stainless steel, as these materials have good thermal conductivity and can efficiently transfer the heat from the photovoltaic panel 1 to the cooling medium. The shape of the heat exchange coil can be customized according to the size and shape of the photovoltaic panel 1, for example, using a serpentine or spiral coil structure to increase the heat exchange area and improve heat exchange efficiency. The heat exchange coil is installed on the back of the photovoltaic panel 1 by welding or mechanical fixing to ensure close contact, thereby achieving efficient heat transfer. The cooling medium (such as water or antifreeze) flows inside the heat exchange coil, absorbs the heat from the photovoltaic panel 1, and is then transported through pipes to the phase change heat storage tank 22 for storage. For example, in a small residential photovoltaic system, the heat exchange coil can be made of copper tubing with a diameter of 10 mm, a coil spacing of 20 mm, and a length designed according to the size of the photovoltaic panel 1 to ensure coverage of the entire back of the photovoltaic panel 1 and achieve uniform heat absorption.

[0051] The heat exchange coil efficiently absorbs the heat generated by the photovoltaic panel 1, reducing its operating temperature and significantly improving its power generation efficiency and lifespan. By controlling the operating temperature of the photovoltaic panel 1 within its optimal range (e.g., around 25°C), power generation efficiency can be increased by approximately 10% to 15%. Secondly, the heat exchange coil design can be flexibly customized according to the size and shape of the photovoltaic panel 1, ensuring close contact and uniform heat absorption. This design not only improves heat exchange efficiency but also reduces heat loss, enhancing the overall system performance. Furthermore, the heat exchange coil's simple structure, easy installation, and low maintenance costs further enhance the system's reliability and economy.

[0052] In one embodiment of this utility model, please refer to Figure 2 A second pump body 34 is provided between the phase change heat storage box 22 and the cold end of the heat pump subsystem 3. The second pump body 34 can transfer the cooling medium in the phase change heat storage box 22 to the cold end.

[0053] In one embodiment, a second pump body 34 is provided between the phase change heat storage tank 22 and the cold end of the heat pump subsystem 3 to transfer the cooling medium in the phase change heat storage tank 22 to the cold end. Specifically, the second pump body 34 is installed on the pipeline between the phase change heat storage tank 22 and the cold end, and extracts the cooling medium from the phase change heat storage tank 22 and delivers it to the cold end of the heat pump subsystem 3 through the pipeline. The second pump body 34 can be selected according to the system's flow requirements. The inlet of the second pump body 34 is connected to the liquid outlet of the phase change heat storage tank 22, and the outlet is connected to the inlet of the heat exchanger at the cold end. The second pump body 34 can automatically adjust its speed according to the system's operating status to achieve energy-saving operation.

[0054] The second pump body 34 ensures stable and efficient transfer of the cooling medium between the phase change heat storage tank 22 and the cold end of the heat pump subsystem 3, enabling the heat stored in the phase change heat storage tank 22 to be utilized by the heat pump subsystem 3 in a timely and effective manner, thus improving the overall operating efficiency of the system. By rationally selecting the flow rate and head of the second pump body 34 and using an intelligent controller for adjustment, the flow rate can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual needs of the system, avoiding system failures caused by insufficient or excessive flow.

[0055] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model and does not limit the patent scope of the present utility model. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the technical concept of the present utility model and the contents of the present utility model specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic thermal and heat pump coupled system, characterized in that, include: A photovoltaic panel (1) is used to convert solar energy into electrical energy; The heat storage subsystem (2) includes a photovoltaic cooling component (21), a phase change heat storage box (22), and a first pump body (23) connected in sequence. The photovoltaic cooling component (21) is connected to the photovoltaic panel (1), and the first pump body (23) is used to drive the cooling medium to circulate in the heat storage subsystem (2). The heat pump subsystem (3) has a cold end and a hot end. The cold end is connected to both ends of the phase change heat storage box (22), and the hot end is used to provide heat energy to the outside.

2. The photovoltaic thermal storage and heat pump coupling system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first pump body (23) is located between the phase change heat storage box (22) and the cold end of the heat pump subsystem (3), and the first pump body (23) can transfer the cooling medium in the phase change heat storage box (22) to the cold end.

3. The photovoltaic thermal and heat pump coupled system of claim 2, wherein, A first valve (24) is provided between the first pump body (23) and the photovoltaic cooling component (21). The first valve (24) is used to control the flow rate of the cooling medium between the phase change heat storage box (22) and the photovoltaic cooling component (21).

4. The photovoltaic thermal and heat pump coupled system of claim 3, wherein, The photovoltaic heat storage and heat pump coupling system has a temperature sensor (25) located at the photovoltaic cooling element (21). The temperature sensor (25) is used to detect the temperature of the photovoltaic cooling element (21) and is electrically connected to the first valve (24).

5. The photovoltaic thermal and heat pump coupled system of claim 3, wherein, A second valve (31) is provided between the first pump body (23) and the cold end, and the second valve (31) is electrically connected to the heat pump subsystem (3).

6. The photovoltaic thermal and heat pump coupled system of claim 5, wherein, The phase change heat storage box (22) contains a multi-layer thin-sheet phase change material.

7. The photovoltaic thermal and heat pump coupled system of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, The heat pump subsystem (3) is equipped with a wind source radiator (32), which is located at the cold end and is used to reduce the temperature of the cold end.

8. The photovoltaic thermal and heat pump coupled system of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, The heat pump subsystem (3) is equipped with a hot water storage tank (33), which is located at the hot end and can absorb the heat from the hot end.

9. The photovoltaic thermal storage and heat pump coupling system as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The photovoltaic cooling component (21) is a heat exchange coil, which is connected to one side of the photovoltaic panel (1).

10. The photovoltaic thermal and heat pump coupled system of claim 1, wherein, A second pump body (34) is provided between the phase change heat storage box (22) and the cold end of the heat pump subsystem (3), and the second pump body (34) can transfer the cooling medium in the phase change heat storage box (22) to the cold end.

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