Highway collapse real-time monitoring and early warning system based on distributed optical fibers

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of road monitoring, in particular to an expressway collapse real-time monitoring and early warning system based on distributed optical fibers, which comprises the distributed optical fibers laid on two sides of an area to be monitored of an expressway along the length direction; an optical fiber sensing monitor; and the optical fiber sensing monitor is connected to the distributed optical fiber and is used for transmitting an optical carrier signal to the distributed optical fiber. According to the utility model, on the basis of the distributed optical fiber sensors, monitoring and early warning are carried out on easy-to-collapse road sections of the expressway, once the road collapse is monitored, the collapse position can be positioned in real time, and the acousto-optic indication component in the corresponding area generates an alarm signal to warn drivers in the current road area, so that the driving safety of the expressway is improved. A certain time and space are reserved for effective danger avoiding of vehicles coming behind, and the probability of traffic accidents occurring in the neutral period before the site is blocked after collapse can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of road monitoring technology, and more specifically to a real-time monitoring and early warning system for highway landslides based on distributed optical fiber. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous improvement of my country's expressway network, expressways frequently traverse mountainous areas. These sections typically feature high fills and deep excavations in the roadbed, and slope collapses can severely impact driving safety. Existing video surveillance and other methods are susceptible to adverse weather conditions and often fail to provide timely warnings to oncoming vehicles in the event of a landslide or rockfall, posing a significant safety hazard.

[0003] Compared with traditional sensing technologies, distributed fiber optic sensors have advantages such as light weight, resistance to harsh environments, resistance to electromagnetic interference, and no need for power at the sensing point. Furthermore, they can achieve ultra-long-distance distributed measurements over distances of tens or even hundreds of kilometers. Distributed fiber optic sensors employ unique distributed fiber optic detection technology to measure or monitor the spatial distribution and time-varying information along the fiber optic transmission path.

[0004] Its basic principle lies in simultaneously utilizing optical fiber as both a sensing element and a signal transmission medium. Through advanced optical time-domain reflectometry or optical frequency-domain reflectometry, changes in temperature, strain, or other physical quantities at different locations along the optical fiber can be detected. Specifically, when a point on the optical fiber is affected by the external environment (such as temperature changes, stress changes, etc.), the scattered light in the fiber (such as Rayleigh scattering, Brillouin scattering, Raman scattering, etc.) will change. These changes are transmitted through the optical fiber to the receiving end, and after analysis by the signal processing system, the distribution information of physical quantities along the optical fiber can be reconstructed.

[0005] When a cavity appears beneath a road or a collapse is imminent, it causes minute vibrations in the ground. These vibrations are transmitted to the optical fibers laid beneath or near the road, causing changes in the scattered light within the fibers. By receiving and analyzing these scattered light signals using fiber optic modem equipment, the characteristics of the vibration signal can be reconstructed. Combined with specific algorithms and databases (such as an "acoustic signature database"), the vibration signals can be classified and identified, thereby determining whether there is a risk of a cavity or collapse beneath the road.

[0006] Once the system determines that there is a risk of road collapse or that a road has already collapsed, it usually sends people to cordon off the area and conduct on-site inspections or subsequent emergency repairs. However, before the area is cordoned off, how to transmit this danger information to drivers traveling on that section of road in real time is an urgent problem that needs to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0007] To address the technical problems existing in road collapse monitoring in the prior art, the first aspect of this utility model proposes a real-time monitoring and early warning system for highway collapses based on distributed optical fiber, comprising:

[0008] Distributed optical fibers are laid along the length of the highway on both sides of the area to be tested.

[0009] Fiber optic sensing and monitoring instrument; connected to the distributed optical fiber, the fiber optic sensing and monitoring instrument is used to transmit optical carrier signals to the distributed optical fiber and receive optical signals transmitted back by the distributed optical fiber, the optical signals are processed by the fiber optic sensing and monitoring instrument and converted into electrical signals for output;

[0010] The data processing system is connected to the fiber optic sensor monitor and receives the electrical signal output by the fiber optic sensor monitor. The data processing system determines the location of the landslide in the area to be measured based on the electrical signal output by the fiber optic sensor monitor.

[0011] A warning system, connected to the data processing system, the warning system including audible and visual indicator components deployed along the highway;

[0012] The data processing system is used to output alarm signals to the warning system. The audible and visual indicator is divided into several areas along the length of the highway. The area where the landslide is located is defined as the landslide area. The audible and visual indicator generates an audible and visual alarm in the landslide area.

[0013] Preferably, the alarm signal includes a warning signal and an alarm signal.

[0014] Preferably, in the collapsed area, when the audible and visual indicator receives a warning signal or alarm signal, the alarm information of the audible and visual indicator is different.

[0015] Preferably, the audible and visual indicator component includes a guide light, an audible and visual alarm, and an LED indicator screen. The guide light is connected to the guardrails on both sides of the highway, the audible and visual alarm is connected to the guardrails on both sides of the highway, and the LED indicator screen spans across the highway or is installed on one side of the highway.

[0016] Preferably, the arrangement density of the guide lights is greater than the arrangement density of the audible and visual alarms, which is greater than the arrangement density of the LED indicator screen.

[0017] Preferably, in the collapsed area, when the audible and visual indicator receives a warning signal, the guide light turns yellow and the LED indicator screen displays a first slogan; when the audible and visual indicator receives an alarm signal, the guide light turns red, the LED indicator screen displays a second slogan, and the audible and visual alarm sounds.

[0018] Preferably, the length of the collapsed area is not less than 500 meters.

[0019] Preferably, the area extending forward and backward from the collapsed area is defined as the extension area, and the length of the extension area is more than twice that of the collapsed area. In the extension area, the sound and light indicator component generates a light warning.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this utility model are:

[0021] This invention uses distributed fiber optic sensors to monitor and warn of landslide-prone sections of highways. Distributed fiber optic sensors have advantages such as light weight, resistance to harsh environments, resistance to electromagnetic interference, and no need for electricity at the sensing point. Once a road collapse is detected, the location of the collapse can be pinpointed in real time, and the corresponding audible and visual indicator components in the area will generate alarm signals to warn drivers in the current road area. This allows for sufficient time and space for vehicles behind to take effective precautions, reducing the probability of traffic accidents during the gap between the collapse and the closure of the site. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings are not intended to be drawn to scale. In the drawings, each identical or nearly identical component shown in the various figures may be denoted by the same reference numeral. For clarity, not every component is labeled in each figure. Embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the real-time monitoring and early warning system for highway landslides based on distributed optical fiber, as shown in this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To better understand the technical content of this utility model, specific embodiments are provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Combination Figure 1 As shown, the first aspect of this utility model proposes a real-time monitoring and early warning system for highway landslides based on distributed optical fiber, including a distributed optical fiber 10, an optical fiber sensor monitoring instrument 20, a data processing system 30, and an warning system 40. The distributed optical fiber 10 is laid along its length on both sides of the area to be monitored on the highway. It should be understood that the area to be monitored is a landslide-prone area on the highway, and the laying length of the distributed optical fiber 10 is typically 1km to 10km.

[0026] By laying distributed optical fibers 10 in areas prone to collapse, optical fiber sensor monitoring instrument 20 is connected to the distributed optical fibers 10. The optical fiber sensor monitoring instrument 20 contains a light source that is responsible for emitting laser or light signals of a specific wavelength.

[0027] Optionally, the light source can be a fiber laser or a semiconductor laser, which can generate a stable and high-quality optical carrier signal.

[0028] The light signal emitted by the light source is transmitted through optical fiber. Fiber, as the transmission medium, efficiently transmits the light signal from the light source to the area under test. When the light signal reaches the area under test, it interacts with the physical quantity being measured (such as temperature, pressure, vibration, etc.), causing changes in the optical properties of the light signal (such as intensity, phase, frequency, etc.). This is the process by which the information of the physical quantity being measured is modulated onto the light signal. The modulated light signal is then transmitted back to the fiber optic sensor through the optical fiber, where it is received by a photodetector and converted into an electrical signal. The signal processing unit then demodulates, amplifies, and filters these electrical signals to ultimately reconstruct the information of the physical quantity being measured.

[0029] Furthermore, the data processing system 30 is connected to the fiber optic sensor monitor 20 and receives the electrical signal output by the fiber optic sensor monitor 20. Based on the electrical signal output by the fiber optic sensor monitor 20, the data processing system 30 determines the location of the landslide in the area to be measured.

[0030] The data processing system 30 includes a data management module and a data analysis module. The data management module receives and records stress and vibration data from the fiber optic sensor monitoring instrument 20 in real time. The data analysis module is responsible for timely detection of abnormal trends in stress or vibration, recording and locating data that is about to exceed critical stress and vibration thresholds. It can also filter vibration and stress signals through a spectrum filtering system to distinguish whether the strain or vibration is caused by vehicles or a landslide, so as to accurately determine the location of the landslide.

[0031] The analysis and identification of the collapse location by the aforementioned data processing system 30 and fiber optic sensor monitoring instrument 20 are existing technologies. This application does not improve the process of collecting, analyzing and locating the vibration data generated during the collapse.

[0032] Furthermore, the warning system 40 is connected to the data processing system 30. The warning system 40 includes audible and visual indicator components deployed along the highway. The data processing system 30 is used to output alarm signals to the warning system 40. The audible and visual indicator components are divided into several areas along the length of the highway. The area where the landslide location 101 is located is defined as the landslide area S1. The audible and visual indicator components generate audible and visual alarms in the landslide area S1.

[0033] Thus, when vehicles on the highway reach the landslide area S1, they can receive information about the landslide ahead through audible and visual alarms, reminding drivers to drive cautiously, reduce speed, or stop.

[0034] In an optional embodiment, the alarm signal includes a warning signal and an alarm signal.

[0035] When the data processing system 30 detects abnormal vibration data in the target area but cannot determine whether a collapse has occurred, it outputs a warning signal. When the data processing system 30 detects abnormal vibration data in the target area and can determine that a collapse has occurred, it outputs an alarm signal.

[0036] Furthermore, in the collapsed area S1, the alarm information of the audible and visual indicator is different when the indicator receives a warning signal or alarm signal.

[0037] Optionally, the audible and visual indicator components include guide lights, audible and visual alarms, and LED indicator screens. The guide lights are connected to the guardrails on both sides of the highway, the audible and visual alarms are connected to the guardrails on both sides of the highway, and the LED indicator screens span across the highway or are installed on one side of the highway.

[0038] Among them, the arrangement density of the guide lights is greater than that of the audible and visual alarms, which in turn is greater than that of the LED indicator screens.

[0039] In an optional embodiment, in the landslide area S1, when the audible and visual indicator receives a warning signal, the guide light turns yellow, and the LED indicator screen displays a first slogan, optionally, "Landslide possible, slow down." When the audible and visual indicator receives an alarm signal, the guide light turns red, and the LED indicator screen displays a second slogan, optionally, "Landslide ahead, no passage," and the audible and visual alarm sounds.

[0040] Optionally, the audible and visual alarm includes a dual-color (red and blue) strobe light and a buzzer. When the audible and visual alarm is triggered, the dual-color (red and blue) strobe light flashes to emit a warning signal, and the buzzer emits a buzzing sound to sound the alarm.

[0041] In the above embodiment, the length of the landslide area S1 is not less than 500 meters. Optionally, the landslide area S1 starts from the landslide location and extends 500 meters behind the road to the end location.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, in order to increase the warning distance, the area extending forward and backward from the collapse area S1 is defined as the extension area S2. The length of the extension area S2 is more than twice that of the collapse area S1. In the extension area S2, the sound and light indicator component generates a light warning.

[0043] Optionally, the length of the extension area S2 is 1000m, that is, starting from the landslide area S1, extending 1000m behind the road to the end position. Within this section, if the audible and visual indicator receives a warning signal, the guide light will flash yellow.

[0044] In conjunction with the above embodiments, this utility model uses distributed fiber optic sensors to monitor and warn of landslide-prone sections of highways. Distributed fiber optic sensors have advantages such as light weight, resistance to harsh environments, resistance to electromagnetic interference, and no need for electricity at the sensing point. Once a road landslide is detected, the location of the landslide can be located in real time, and the corresponding audible and visual indicator components in the area will generate alarm signals to warn drivers in the current road area, leaving a certain amount of time and space for vehicles behind to effectively avoid danger, and reducing the probability of traffic accidents occurring in the gap between the landslide and the closure of the site.

[0045] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains can make various modifications and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of this invention shall be determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A real-time monitoring and early warning system for highway landslides based on distributed optical fiber, characterized in that, include: Distributed optical fiber (10) is laid along the length of the highway on both sides of the area to be tested. Fiber optic sensor monitoring instrument (20); Connected to the distributed optical fiber (10), the optical fiber sensor monitor (20) is used to transmit optical carrier signals to the distributed optical fiber (10) and receive optical signals transmitted back by the distributed optical fiber (10). The optical signals are processed by the optical fiber sensor monitor (20) and converted into electrical signals for output. The data processing system (30) is connected to the fiber optic sensor monitoring instrument (20) and receives the electrical signal output by the fiber optic sensor monitoring instrument (20). The data processing system (30) determines the location of the collapse in the area to be measured based on the electrical signal output by the fiber optic sensor monitoring instrument (20). A warning system (40) is connected to the data processing system (30), the warning system (40) including audible and visual indicator components deployed along the highway; The data processing system (30) is used to output an alarm signal to the warning system (40). The sound and light indicator is divided into several areas along the length of the highway. The area where the landslide is located is defined as the landslide area (S1). The sound and light indicator generates a sound and light alarm in the landslide area (S1).

2. The real-time monitoring and early warning system for highway landslides based on distributed optical fiber as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The alarm signals include warning signals and alarm signals.

3. The real-time monitoring and early warning system for highway landslides based on distributed optical fiber according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the collapsed area (S1), when the audible and visual indicator receives a warning signal or an alarm signal, the alarm information of the audible and visual indicator is different.

4. The real-time monitoring and early warning system for highway landslides based on distributed optical fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sound and light indicator components include guide lights, sound and light alarms, and LED indicator screens. The guide lights are connected to the guardrails on both sides of the highway, the sound and light alarms are connected to the guardrails on both sides of the highway, and the LED indicator screens span across the highway or are installed on one side of the highway.

5. The real-time monitoring and early warning system for highway landslides based on distributed optical fiber according to claim 4, characterized in that, The arrangement density of the guide lights is greater than that of the audible and visual alarms, which in turn is greater than that of the LED indicator screens.

6. The real-time monitoring and early warning system for highway landslides based on distributed optical fiber according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the collapsed area (S1), when the audible and visual indicator receives a warning signal, the guide light turns yellow and the LED indicator screen displays the first slogan; when the audible and visual indicator receives an alarm signal, the guide light turns red and the LED indicator screen displays the second slogan, and the audible and visual alarm sounds.

7. The real-time monitoring and early warning system for highway landslides based on distributed optical fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the collapsed area (S1) is not less than 500 meters.

8. The real-time monitoring and early warning system for highway landslides based on distributed optical fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The area extending forward and backward from the collapsed area (S1) is defined as the extension area (S2), and the length of the extension area (S2) is more than twice that of the collapsed area (S1). In the extension area (S2), the sound and light indicator component generates a light warning.

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