Liquid metal reactor cladding crevasse gas release experiment system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a liquid metal reactor cladding crevasse gas release experiment system which comprises a liquid metal supply device used for providing a high-temperature liquid metal medium environment; the crevasse simulation experiment device is mounted on the liquid metal supply device and is used for simulating the release process of the fission gas in the reactor from the fuel rod with the crevasse; the gas distribution device is connected with the crevasse simulation experiment device and provides carrier gas comprising fission gas or simulation gas of the fission gas for the crevasse simulation experiment device; and the sampling and measuring device is connected with the liquid metal supply device and is used for sampling and measuring the gas of the liquid metal supply device to obtain the components and / or radioactivity of the gas. According to the utility model, the experimental study on the release behavior of fuel fission products such as krypton and xenon at the crevasse of the simulated fuel cladding under the medium environment of the liquid metal reactor can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of nuclear fuel cladding damage testing technology, and in particular to a liquid metal reactor cladding breach gas release testing system. Background Technology

[0002] During nuclear power plant operation, fuel cladding may be damaged by various physicochemical factors such as abrasion and chemical corrosion. Fission products within the fuel rods can then enter the primary coolant through the breach, potentially increasing radiation dose levels for operation and maintenance personnel and even necessitating reactor shutdown for repairs. As the first line of defense against radioactive nuclides, the integrity monitoring of the fuel cladding is a crucial component of radiochemical technical specifications. If damage occurs, the extent of the damage and the severity of the accident must be assessed promptly based on monitoring data to determine whether a reactor shutdown is necessary. To accurately assess damage, extensive experiments are required to determine the relationship between the degree of damage and the monitoring indicator nuclides in the coolant. Currently, most international experiments are conducted on experimental reactors, with relatively fixed experimental variables, resulting in a lack of scalability. This is particularly true for liquid metal reactors, where the primary coolant temperature can reach up to 800°C depending on the medium. Simulation test benches for gas release behavior at cladding breaches in liquid metal reactors are key components, yet practical designs are currently scarce.

[0003] The published paper, "Study on the Release Law of Fission Gas from Cladding Gap to Coolant under Pressurized Water Reactor Cladding Failure Conditions," discloses a reactor cladding failure simulation experimental loop. This loop uses oxygen instead of fuel cladding to simulate the release of fission gas, and uses changes in oxygen concentration within the loop to simulate changes in fission gas concentration. The experimental loop consists of a degassing section, a pressurization section, an experimental section, a measurement section, and a main loop. The pressurization section is responsible for pressurizing and stabilizing the loop. Partial oxygen removal is performed in the degassing section to observe changes in oxygen concentration. Oxygen release is simulated in the experimental section to simulate fission gas release. The measurement section uses a dissolved oxygen meter to measure the released dissolved oxygen to simulate fission gas measurement. The main loop primarily uses pumps and heaters to achieve loop circulation and control of the loop medium temperature. However, the experimental circuit has the following shortcomings: (1) The experimental circuit uses oxygen instead of fuel cladding fission gas, and can only perform oxygen release and measurement, but cannot perform real fission gas component release behavior measurement; (2) The air intake device only mentions oxygen heating through the heating device in the simulated fuel rod, and cannot perform experimental gas mixing, heating and pressurization with different component ratios at the front end, so the working conditions of fission gas release in the fuel rod that can be simulated are limited; (3) The dissolved oxygen signal measurement process using the dissolved oxygen meter will be affected by gas current signal interference, and wavelet transformation is required to eliminate interference, so direct and real measurement results cannot be obtained; (4) Only nuclide release and migration experiments in water medium environment can be carried out, and cladding breakage release behavior simulation experiments in liquid metal medium environment cannot be carried out. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide an improved experimental system for releasing gas from a breach in a liquid metal stack cladding.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is: to provide an experimental system for releasing gas from a breach in a liquid metal cladding, comprising:

[0006] Liquid metal supply device, used to provide a high-temperature liquid metal medium environment;

[0007] A simulated breach test device is installed on the liquid metal supply device to simulate the process of fission gas or its simulated gas being released from a fuel rod with a breach in the reactor.

[0008] A gas distribution device is connected to the simulated fracture test device and provides the simulated fracture test device with a carrier gas including fission gas or its simulated gas.

[0009] A sampling and measuring device is connected to the liquid metal supply device to sample and measure the gas from the liquid metal supply device, thereby obtaining the composition and / or radioactivity of the gas.

[0010] In one embodiment, the liquid metal supply device includes an experimental tank for storing liquid metal during the experiment, a heating unit for heating the liquid metal, a stirring unit for stirring the liquid metal to form a flow state, and a first temperature measuring unit for measuring the temperature of the liquid metal.

[0011] The heating unit and the stirring unit are respectively placed inside the experimental vessel, and the first temperature measuring unit is placed on the experimental vessel.

[0012] In one embodiment, the liquid metal supply device further includes a liquid metal storage tank and a gas compressor;

[0013] The liquid metal storage tank is connected to the experimental tank via a pipeline; the gas compressor is installed on the motor interface at the top of the liquid metal storage tank and is used to inject or discharge inert gas into the liquid metal storage tank to change the liquid surface pressure in the liquid metal storage tank, thereby realizing the filling and discharging of liquid metal into the experimental tank.

[0014] In one embodiment, the simulated breach experimental device includes a simulated breach experimental rod, a sealing heating rod, and a transmission mechanism;

[0015] The simulated breach test rod has a hollow interior forming a gas storage cavity. One end of the simulated breach test rod is provided with a simulated breach to simulate a shell breach. An air inlet is provided on the side wall of the simulated breach test rod. The sealing heating rod is inserted into the simulated breach test rod from the opposite end.

[0016] The transmission mechanism is connected to the sealing heating rod and drives the sealing heating rod to move towards or away from the simulated rupture, thereby closing or opening the simulated rupture.

[0017] In one embodiment, the sealing heating rod includes a hollow sealing rod body and a heating rod that passes through the sealing rod body axially inside the sealing rod body;

[0018] The first end of the sealing rod is located inside the gas storage cavity, and the end face of the first end forms a mating surface, which is directly opposite the simulated rupture. The opposite second end of the sealing rod is located outside the simulated rupture experimental rod and is connected to the transmission mechanism.

[0019] The outer peripheral surface of the sealing rod is provided with a raised sealing structure, which fits tightly with the inner wall of the gas storage cavity.

[0020] In one embodiment, the simulated breach experimental device further includes a temperature monitoring unit and a pressure monitoring unit disposed on the simulated breach experimental rod, respectively used to monitor the temperature and pressure inside the gas storage chamber.

[0021] In one embodiment, the gas distribution device includes a gas storage tank, a heater disposed inside the gas storage tank, a second temperature measuring unit and a pressure measuring unit disposed on the gas storage tank, and a pressurization mechanism connected to the gas storage tank.

[0022] In one embodiment, the sampling and measuring device includes a sampling unit and a measuring unit;

[0023] The sampling unit is connected to the gas sampling interface of the liquid metal supply device to perform gas sampling; the measuring unit is connected to the sampling unit to perform composition and / or radioactivity measurements on the gas sample.

[0024] In one embodiment, the sampling unit includes a sampling pipeline, a sampling pump disposed on the sampling pipeline, a heat exchanger, and a steam-water separator; the heat exchanger and the steam-water separator are respectively located at the outlet end of the sampling pump;

[0025] The measurement unit includes an online measuring instrument and an offline sampling container respectively connected to the sampling unit; the online measuring instrument includes at least one of gas chromatography, ICP-MS, and high-purity germanium detector.

[0026] In one embodiment, the liquid metal stack cladding breach gas release experimental system further includes a data acquisition and control system, which is communicatively connected to at least one of the liquid metal supply device, the simulated breach experimental device, the gas distribution device, and the sampling and measurement device.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: the use of a high-temperature liquid metal medium can better replicate the release environment of fuel cladding failure in a liquid metal reactor; the use of real fuel fission products such as krypton and xenon (radioactive nuclides or their non-radioactive isotopes) for release behavior experiments can provide a more intuitive understanding of the release behavior of nuclides at the failure site; and it can realize experimental research on the release behavior of fuel fission products such as krypton and xenon at simulated fuel cladding failure sites in a liquid metal reactor medium environment. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. In the accompanying drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of an experimental system for releasing gas from a breach in a liquid metal stack cladding according to an embodiment of this utility model.

[0030] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the liquid metal supply device;

[0031] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the simulated breach experimental device;

[0032] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the gas distribution unit;

[0033] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the sampling and measuring device. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives, and effects of this utility model, the specific embodiments of this utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the liquid metal stack shell breach gas release experimental system of this utility model includes a liquid metal supply device 1, a simulated breach experimental device 2, a gas distribution device 3, a sampling and measurement device 4, and a data acquisition and control system 5.

[0036] The liquid metal supply device 1 provides a liquid metal environment for the experiment. The liquid metal includes a high-temperature liquid lead-bismuth medium with temperatures reaching up to 1000°C, which can effectively replicate the environment of the fuel cladding failure and release medium in a liquid metal reactor. A simulated breach experimental device 2 is installed on the liquid metal supply device 1 to simulate the release of fission gas or its simulated gas from a breached fuel rod within the reactor. A gas distribution device 3 is connected to the simulated breach experimental device 2, providing it with a carrier gas containing fission gas or its simulated gas. A sampling and measurement device 4 is connected to the liquid metal supply device 1 to sample and measure the gas, obtaining its composition and / or radioactivity. A data acquisition and control system 5 is communicatively connected to at least one of the liquid metal supply device 1, the simulated breach experimental device 2, the gas distribution device 3, and the sampling and measurement device 4. It is used to acquire measurement data and operating parameters from these devices and to control their start-up and shutdown.

[0037] The fission gas simulation uses non-radioactive krypton, xenon, and other gases.

[0038] In one embodiment, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 The liquid metal supply device 1 includes an experimental tank 10, a heating unit 11, a stirring unit 12, and a first temperature measuring unit 13. The experimental tank 10 is used to store liquid metal during experiments; its outer surface can be covered with insulation material 101 for heat insulation. The heating unit 11 is placed inside the experimental tank 10 and is used to heat the liquid metal stored inside; the heating unit 11 can be, but is not limited to, a heating rod or a heater. The stirring unit 12 is placed inside the experimental tank 10 and is used to stir the liquid metal to create a flow state. The first temperature measuring unit 13 is disposed on the experimental tank 10 and is used to measure the temperature of the liquid metal inside the experimental tank 10. The first temperature measuring unit 13 may include a temperature measuring instrument.

[0039] Specifically, the heating body of the heating unit 11 can be placed inside the experimental tank 10 to be immersed in liquid metal. The connection end of the heating unit 11 is located at the end of the experimental tank 10 for connecting to an external power supply or connecting to the data acquisition and control system 5. The opening and closing of the heating unit 11 and the heating mode can be controlled by the data acquisition and control system 5. The stirring unit 12 includes a stirring rod and a stirring motor. The body of the stirring rod is immersed in liquid metal, and the joint of the stirring rod is installed on the top stirring interface of the experimental tank 10. The stirring motor is located on the outside of the top of the experimental tank 10, connected to and driving the stirring rod to rotate. The stirring blades at the lower end of the stirring rod are used to stir the liquid metal, simulating the flow of liquid metal with the same turbulence by stirring the liquid metal to form a flow. The stirring blades at the upper end of the stirring rod are used to stir the covering gas to ensure the uniformity of the sampled gas.

[0040] The experimental tank 10 is also equipped with a level gauge 14, which is used to monitor the liquid level of the experimental tank 10. The monitored height information can be sent to the data acquisition and control system 5.

[0041] The liquid metal supply device 1 further includes a liquid metal storage tank 15 and a gas compressor 16. The liquid metal storage tank 15 stores liquid metal and is connected to the experimental tank 10 via a pipe 17, allowing for the filling and emptying of the experimental tank 10 with liquid metal. A valve 18 is installed on the pipe 17 to control its opening and closing. The valve 18 is connected to a data acquisition and control system 5 and can be remotely controlled by the data acquisition and control system 5.

[0042] Similarly, heating rods or heaters can also be installed inside the experimental tank 10, for heating the liquid metal therein. The outer surface of the liquid metal storage tank 15 can be covered with insulation material for thermal insulation. The liquid metal storage tank 15 is also equipped with a level gauge to monitor its liquid level.

[0043] The gas compressor 16 is installed on the motor interface at the top of the liquid metal storage tank 15. It is used to inject or discharge inert gas into the liquid metal storage tank 15 to change the liquid surface pressure in the liquid metal storage tank 15, thereby realizing the filling and discharging of liquid metal into the experimental tank 10.

[0044] Before the experiment, the liquid metal storage tank 15 supplies liquid metal to the experimental tank 10. Combined with the liquid level height monitored by the liquid level gauge 15 on the experimental tank 10, when the liquid metal in the experimental tank 10 reaches the specified height, the valve 18 on the pipeline 17 can be closed to maintain the liquid level height at a stable position.

[0045] In one embodiment, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 3 The simulated breakage test device 2 may specifically include a simulated breakage test rod 21, a sealing heating rod 22, and a transmission mechanism 23.

[0046] The simulated breach test rod 21 is used to simulate a fuel rod with a breach; it is a hollow metal rod. A gas storage chamber 20 is formed inside the hollow interior of the simulated breach test rod 21. One end of the simulated breach test rod 21 has a simulated breach 211 simulating a breach in the casing. An air inlet 212 is provided on the side wall of the simulated breach test rod 21, and the simulated breach 211 and the air inlet 212 are respectively connected to the gas storage chamber 20. The opposite end of the simulated breach test rod 21 has an interface for inserting a sealing heating rod 22.

[0047] The simulated burst test apparatus 2 also includes a temperature monitoring unit 215 and a pressure monitoring unit 214 mounted on the simulated burst test rod 21. The temperature monitoring unit 215 and the pressure monitoring unit 214 are used to monitor the temperature and pressure inside the gas storage chamber 20, respectively, and can send the monitored temperature and pressure information to the data acquisition and control system 5. The temperature monitoring unit 215 may include a temperature instrument or a temperature sensor, and the pressure monitoring unit 214 may include a pressure instrument or a pressure sensor.

[0048] A sealing heating rod 22 is inserted into the simulated rupture test rod 21 from the interface at the opposite end. The sealing heating rod 22 can move back and forth along the length of the gas storage chamber 20 within the chamber, so that the mating surface of the sealing heating rod 22 faces the simulated rupture 211, allowing it to fit against and close the simulated rupture 211. A high-temperature resistant sealing ring 213 is also provided between the mating surface of the sealing heating rod 22 and the stepped surface where the simulated rupture 211 is located to ensure a tight seal between them.

[0049] The sealing ring 213 is made of special ceramic fiber composite material, which can withstand temperatures up to 3000℃ and has excellent high temperature resistance, tensile strength, oxidation resistance, creep resistance and friction resistance.

[0050] Inside the gas storage chamber 20, there is a gap between the outer peripheral surface of the sealing heating rod 22 and the inner wall surface of the gas storage chamber 20, forming an annular cavity.

[0051] The sealed heating rod 22 is used to heat the gas storage chamber 20, thereby enabling the gas inside the gas storage chamber 20 to reach a preset experimental temperature. Specifically, the sealed heating rod 22 includes a hollow sealed rod body 221 and a heating rod 222 that passes through the sealed rod body 221 axially. The sealed rod body 221 has a first end and a second end opposite each other in the length direction. The first end of the sealed rod body 221 is located inside the gas storage chamber 20, and the end face of the first end forms a mating surface, which is directly opposite the simulated rupture 211. The opposite second end of the sealed rod body 221 is located outside the simulated rupture experimental rod 21 and is connected to the transmission mechanism 23.

[0052] The outer peripheral surface of the sealing rod 221 is provided with a raised sealing structure 223. The sealing structure 223 fits tightly with the inner wall of the gas storage chamber 20 to ensure the sealing between the sealing rod 221 and the simulated rupture test rod 21. The sealing structure 223 is located on the sealing rod 221 near its second end.

[0053] The connection end of the heating rod 222 is located at the second end of the sealing rod body 221, and its power cord is connected to the external power supply and data acquisition and control system 5.

[0054] The sealed heating rod 22 also includes a temperature instrument 224 for monitoring the temperature of the heating rod 222.

[0055] The transmission mechanism 23 is specifically connected to the sealing rod 221. By driving the sealing rod 221 to move back and forth within the gas storage chamber 20, it drives the entire sealing heating rod 22 to move. Driven by the transmission mechanism 23, the sealing heating rod 22 can move towards or away from the simulated rupture 211, closing or opening the simulated rupture 211.

[0056] In one embodiment, the transmission mechanism 23 includes a transmission rod 231 and a drive unit 232 that connects to and drives the transmission rod 231 to move back and forth in the axial direction. The transmission rod 231 is connected to the second end of the sealing rod body 221, and the drive unit 232 connects to and drives the transmission rod 231 to move back and forth in the axial direction, thereby causing the sealing heating rod 22 to move back and forth relative to the simulated rupture test rod 21 in the gas storage chamber 20.

[0057] The transmission mechanism 23 can be remotely controlled through the data acquisition and control system 5 to realize remote control of the opening and closing of the breach.

[0058] The experimental tank 10 of the liquid metal supply device 1 is equipped with an experimental rod interface on its top. The simulated breakage experimental device 2 is mainly inserted into the experimental rod interface with the end with the simulated breakage 211 facing the inside of the experimental tank 10. The air inlet 212 on the side wall of the simulated breakage experimental rod 21 is used to connect to the gas distribution device 3 and to send the gas provided by the gas distribution device 3 into the gas storage chamber 20.

[0059] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 4 The gas distribution device 3 may include a gas storage tank 31, a heater 32 installed in the gas storage tank 31, a second temperature measuring unit 33 and a pressure measuring unit 34 installed on the gas storage tank 31, and a pressurizing mechanism 35 connected to the gas storage tank 31.

[0060] The gas storage tank 31 includes at least one for storing fuel fission gases such as krypton and xenon, or their simulated gases, as well as carrier gases such as helium. Depending on experimental requirements, each gas storage tank 31 stores one type of gas or a mixture of gases in a specific proportion, facilitating the adjustment and control of the type and content of the incoming gas components.

[0061] The heater 32 is used to heat the gas inside the gas storage tank 31. The second temperature measuring unit 33 and the pressure measuring unit 34 are used to measure the temperature and pressure of the gas inside the gas storage tank 31, respectively. The obtained temperature and pressure information can be sent to the data acquisition and control system 5. The second temperature measuring unit 33 can be equipped with a temperature measuring instrument, and the pressure measuring unit 34 can be equipped with a pressure measuring instrument.

[0062] The pressurization mechanism 35 includes a pressurization pump, which is connected to the gas storage tank 31 through a pressurization pipeline and is capable of pressurizing the gas storage tank 31.

[0063] The gas inlet of the gas storage tank 31 is connected to the simulated breach test device 2 via a gas pipeline 36. A mass flow meter 37 may be installed on this gas pipeline to monitor and display the mass flow rate of the delivered gas. A gas valve 38 is also provided between the mass flow meter 37 and the gas storage tank 31 to control the magnitude of the gas mass flow rate and to control the opening and closing of the gas pipeline 36.

[0064] The gas distribution device 3 may further include at least one gas distribution tank 39, which is connected to the gas storage tank 31 via a gas distribution pipeline. The gas distribution pipeline is equipped with a valve to control the on / off state. One gas distribution tank 39 can store one type of gas; when an experiment requires a specific ratio of gas mixture, the corresponding gas distribution tank 39 delivers the corresponding type of gas to the gas storage tank 31 so that multiple gases are mixed in a specific ratio within the gas storage tank 31.

[0065] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 5 The sampling and measuring device 4 further includes a sampling unit 41 and a measuring unit 42. The sampling unit 41 is connected to the gas sampling interface of the liquid metal supply device 1 to perform gas sampling; the measuring unit 42 is connected to the sampling unit 41 to perform composition and / or radioactivity measurements on the gas sample.

[0066] Furthermore, the sampling unit 41 includes a sampling pipeline 411, a sampling pump 412 installed on the sampling pipeline 411, a heat exchanger 413, and a vapor-water separator 414; the heat exchanger 413 and the vapor-water separator 414 are respectively located at the outlet end of the sampling pump 412. The sampling pipeline 411 is mainly connected between the top gas intake port of the experimental tank 10 and the measuring unit 42. The sampling pump 412 on the sampling pipeline 411 divides the sampling pipeline 411 into an inlet pipe connected to the inlet end of the sampling pump 412 and an outlet pipe connected to the outlet end of the sampling pump 412. The heat exchanger 413 and the vapor-water separator 414 are both located on the outlet pipe and are used to achieve heat exchange and cooling of the sampled gas and drying of the sampled gas, respectively. A sampling valve 415 and a sampling mass flow meter 416 are installed on the inlet pipe. The gas sampling valve 415 is used for the closing control of the main gas sampling switch. The sampling mass flow meter 416 is used to monitor and display the mass flow rate of the delivered sampling gas.

[0067] Sampling pump 412 is a gas extraction pump equipped with an electronic flow control valve, which can achieve stable control of gas sampling flow rate through precise valve adjustment.

[0068] The measurement unit 42 further includes an online measuring instrument 421 and an offline sampling container 422, both connected to the sampling unit 41. The online measuring instrument 421 includes at least one of a gas chromatograph, ICP-MS, or a high-purity germanium detector, used to measure the composition, radioactivity, and other characteristics of the gas sample to be measured. The specific instrument configuration is adjusted according to experimental requirements. The offline sampling container 422 mainly includes sampling bags, sampling bottles, and other sampling collection devices for offline measurement. Both the online measuring instrument 421 and the offline sampling container 422 are equipped with valves at their front ends for convenient sampling and measurement control. The online measuring instrument 421 is connected to the data acquisition and control system 5, enabling it to send various measured data to the data acquisition and control system 5.

[0069] When the liquid metal stack shell rupture gas release experimental system of this utility model is working, a certain flow rate of carrier gas is introduced into the experimental tank 10 through the gas distribution device 3. The gas covering the experimental tank 10 is fully mixed under the action of the stirring unit 12. The mixed gas is sampled through the sampling unit 41 and measured through the measuring unit 42.

[0070] This invention enables experimental research on the release behavior of fuel fission products such as krypton and xenon at simulated fuel cladding breaches in a liquid metal reactor medium environment. The experimental gas composition, temperature, pressure, and flow rate are adjustable and controllable, which can better reproduce the composition of fission gas inside the fuel rod under different burn-up cycles and operating conditions. The opening and closing of the breach can be remotely controlled, and the composition and radioactivity of the sampled gas can be measured online or offline.

[0071] The above description is merely an embodiment of this utility model and does not limit the patent scope of this utility model. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the description and drawings of this utility model, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An experimental system for releasing gas from a breach in a liquid metal cladding, characterized in that, include: Liquid metal supply device, used to provide a high-temperature liquid metal medium environment; A simulated breach test device is installed on the liquid metal supply device to simulate the process of fission gas or its simulated gas being released from a fuel rod with a breach in the reactor. A gas distribution device is connected to the simulated fracture test device and provides the simulated fracture test device with a carrier gas including fission gas or its simulated gas. A sampling and measuring device is connected to the liquid metal supply device to sample and measure the gas from the liquid metal supply device, thereby obtaining the composition and / or radioactivity of the gas.

2. The experimental system for releasing gas from a breach in a liquid metal stack cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid metal supply device includes an experimental tank for storing liquid metal during the experiment, a heating unit for heating the liquid metal, a stirring unit for stirring the liquid metal to form a flow state, and a first temperature measuring unit for measuring the temperature of the liquid metal. The heating unit and the stirring unit are respectively placed inside the experimental vessel, and the first temperature measuring unit is placed on the experimental vessel.

3. The experimental system for releasing gas from a breach in a liquid metal stack cladding according to claim 2, characterized in that, The liquid metal supply device also includes a liquid metal storage tank and a gas compressor; The liquid metal storage tank is connected to the experimental tank via a pipeline; the gas compressor is installed on the motor interface at the top of the liquid metal storage tank and is used to inject or discharge inert gas into the liquid metal storage tank to change the liquid surface pressure in the liquid metal storage tank, thereby realizing the filling and discharging of liquid metal into the experimental tank.

4. The experimental system for gas release from a breach in a liquid metal stack cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The simulated breach experimental device includes a simulated breach experimental rod, a sealing heating rod, and a transmission mechanism. The simulated breach test rod has a hollow interior forming a gas storage cavity. One end of the simulated breach test rod is provided with a simulated breach to simulate a shell breach. An air inlet is provided on the side wall of the simulated breach test rod. The sealing heating rod is inserted into the simulated breach test rod from the opposite end. The transmission mechanism is connected to the sealing heating rod and drives the sealing heating rod to move towards or away from the simulated rupture, thereby closing or opening the simulated rupture.

5. The experimental system for releasing gas from a breach in a liquid metal stack cladding according to claim 4, characterized in that, The sealing heating rod includes a hollow sealing rod body and a heating rod that passes through the sealing rod body axially inside the sealing rod body; The first end of the sealing rod is located inside the gas storage cavity, and the end face of the first end forms a mating surface, which is directly opposite the simulated rupture. The opposite second end of the sealing rod is located outside the simulated rupture experimental rod and is connected to the transmission mechanism. The outer peripheral surface of the sealing rod is provided with a raised sealing structure, which fits tightly with the inner wall of the gas storage cavity.

6. The experimental system for releasing gas from a breach in a liquid metal stack cladding according to claim 4, characterized in that, The simulated breach experimental device also includes a temperature monitoring unit and a pressure monitoring unit mounted on the simulated breach experimental rod, which are used to monitor the temperature and pressure inside the gas storage chamber, respectively.

7. The experimental system for releasing gas from a breach in a liquid metal stack cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas distribution device includes a gas storage tank, a heater installed inside the gas storage tank, a second temperature measuring unit and a pressure measuring unit installed on the gas storage tank, and a pressurization mechanism connected to the gas storage tank.

8. The experimental system for releasing gas from a breach in a liquid metal stack cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sampling and measuring device includes a sampling unit and a measuring unit; The sampling unit is connected to the gas sampling interface of the liquid metal supply device to perform gas sampling; the measuring unit is connected to the sampling unit to perform composition and / or radioactivity measurements on the gas sample.

9. The experimental system for releasing gas from a breach in a liquid metal stack cladding according to claim 8, characterized in that, The sampling unit includes a sampling pipeline, a sampling pump installed on the sampling pipeline, a heat exchanger, and a steam-water separator; the heat exchanger and the steam-water separator are respectively located at the outlet end of the sampling pump; The measurement unit includes an online measuring instrument and an offline sampling container respectively connected to the sampling unit; the online measuring instrument includes at least one of gas chromatography, ICP-MS, and high-purity germanium detector.

10. The experimental system for releasing gas from a breach in a liquid metal stack cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid metal stack cladding breach gas release experimental system also includes a data acquisition and control system, which is communicatively connected to at least one of the liquid metal supply device, the simulated breach experimental device, the gas distribution device, and the sampling and measurement device.

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