Radio frequency transmit-receive assembly
By improving the design of the receiving and transmitting channels of the RF transceiver components and combining the use of attenuators and equalizers, the problems of noise suppression and limited dynamic range of traditional components in high-frequency scenarios have been solved, achieving more efficient signal processing and anti-interference capabilities.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHENGDU XUSITE TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-24
AI Technical Summary
Traditional radio frequency transceiver components have limited noise suppression and dynamic range in high-frequency application scenarios, making it difficult to meet the needs of 5G base stations, satellite communications, and radar systems.
The innovative design of the receive and transmit channel components, including a combination of preselection filters, attenuators, equalizers, mixers, bandpass filters, and amplifiers, compensates for signal distortion before mixing and achieves noise suppression and dynamic range extension using two stages of bandpass filtering and attenuators.
It improves the noise suppression capability and dynamic range of RF transceiver components, making them suitable for high-frequency scenarios, reducing costs and design complexity, and enhancing signal processing sensitivity and anti-interference capabilities.
Smart Images
Figure CN224164825U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of wireless communication technology, specifically to a radio frequency transceiver component. Background Technology
[0002] Radio frequency transceiver components are the core modules of wireless communication systems, responsible for signal modulation, frequency conversion, amplification, and filtering. They are widely used in communication scenarios such as 5G base stations, satellite communications, and radar systems. As communication technology evolves towards millimeter-wave bands (such as 28GHz and 39GHz) and wide bandwidths (such as 400MHz), transceiver links need to balance high dynamic range, low noise figure, and excellent linearity.
[0003] Traditional transmit links typically employ a fixed processing sequence of "mixer-amplifier-filter," which leads to the amplifier amplifying unwanted sidebands and harmonics generated by the mixer. Subsequent high-Q filters are required for suppression, resulting in high cost and limited bandwidth. In existing receive links, attenuators are directly cascaded with mixers. Attenuators can only attenuate signal power and cannot compensate for frequency response distortion caused by channel attenuation or device nonlinearity. In strong interference scenarios, attenuators need to significantly reduce signal power to avoid mixer saturation, but this sacrifices sensitivity to weak signals, making it difficult to cover a wide input range and limiting dynamic range. When facing high-frequency scenarios such as 5G base stations, satellite communications, and radar systems, the shortcomings of traditional transceiver components are becoming increasingly apparent.
[0004] In summary, traditional transceiver components still need further improvement in terms of noise suppression and dynamic range extension to adapt to new application requirements. Utility Model Content
[0005] This invention provides a radio frequency transceiver component that solves the problems of noise suppression and limited dynamic range in existing transceiver components in high-frequency application scenarios.
[0006] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:
[0007] A radio frequency transceiver component is provided, including a receiving channel component, a transmitting channel component, and a local oscillator unit, wherein the local oscillator unit is used to provide local oscillator signal inputs to the receiving channel component and the transmitting channel component, respectively.
[0008] The transmit channel assembly includes a preselection filter, a first attenuator, a first equalizer, an upmixer, a first bandpass filter, a first amplifier, and a second bandpass filter connected in sequence.
[0009] The receiving channel assembly includes a front-end filter, a low-noise amplifier, a second attenuator, a downmixer, an intermediate frequency filter, a second equalizer, a second amplifier, and a third attenuator connected in sequence.
[0010] In the transceiver assembly of this invention, the attenuator and equalizer work together to pre-compensate for baseband signal distortion before up-mixing, reducing the complexity of RF band compensation. Two-stage bandpass filtering suppresses unwanted signals after mixing and amplified harmonics, achieving effective noise suppression and a high dynamic range for the transmitting channel. In the receiving link, a front-end filter first reduces the overall noise figure. An attenuator dynamically controls signal power before the down-mixer to prevent mixer overload, and two attenuators achieve a large dynamic gain range. The equalizer compensates for distortion in the mid-frequency band, achieving effective noise suppression and a high dynamic range for the receiving channel.
[0011] In one embodiment, the local oscillator unit includes a crystal oscillator, a phase-locked dielectric oscillator source, a transmitting local oscillator branch, and a receiving local oscillator branch; the output terminal of the crystal oscillator is connected to the input terminal of the phase-locked dielectric oscillator source, and the output terminal of the phase-locked dielectric oscillator source is connected to the transmitting local oscillator branch and the receiving local oscillator branch, respectively.
[0012] The output of the transmitting local oscillator branch is connected to the up mixer, and the output of the receiving local oscillator branch is connected to the down mixer.
[0013] In one embodiment, the receiving channel assembly has multiple components; the local oscillator unit further includes a power divider unit, which includes at least one 1-to-2 power divider for dividing the local oscillator signal into multiple paths and sending them to the up mixer in the transmitting channel assembly and the down mixer in the receiving channel assembly, respectively.
[0014] In one embodiment, the output of each power divider is connected to an isolator.
[0015] In one embodiment, both the transmitting local oscillator branch and the receiving local oscillator branch include a power amplifier, a π attenuator, and a low-pass filter connected in sequence.
[0016] In one embodiment, the transmit channel assembly further includes a fourth attenuator connected between the first amplifier and the second bandpass filter.
[0017] In one embodiment, the first attenuator, the second attenuator, the third attenuator, and the fourth attenuator are all digitally controlled attenuators. The radio frequency transceiver assembly further includes an attenuation control module, the output of which is connected to the first attenuator, the second attenuator, the third attenuator, and the fourth attenuator, respectively.
[0018] In one embodiment, the passband ranges of the first bandpass filter and the second bandpass filter are symmetrical about the local oscillator frequency, and the passband width is 1.2 to 1.5 times the signal bandwidth.
[0019] In one implementation, the first equalizer and the second equalizer are programmable digital equalizers that support dynamic adjustment of compensation parameters to adapt to channel changes.
[0020] In one embodiment, the radio frequency transceiver assembly further includes a power supply module for supplying power to the receiving channel assembly, the transmitting channel assembly, and the local oscillator unit, respectively.
[0021] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects: By using a transmit channel assembly consisting of a pre-selection filter, a first attenuator, a first equalizer, an up-mixer, a first bandpass filter, a first amplifier, and a second bandpass filter connected in series, and a receive channel assembly consisting of a front-end filter, a low-noise amplifier, a second attenuator, a down-mixer, an intermediate frequency filter, a second equalizer, a second amplifier, and a third attenuator connected in series, effective noise suppression and a large dynamic gain range are achieved in both the receive and transmit links by using attenuators, equalizers, two-stage bandpass filters, and two-stage attenuators. This also improves the nonlinear distortion problem existing in traditional transceiver components, which is conducive to its promotion and application in emerging high-frequency scenarios. Attached Figure Description
[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be considered as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings:
[0023] Figure 1 This diagram shows an overall structural schematic of a radio frequency transceiver component according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0024] Figure 2 A power supply schematic diagram of a radio frequency transceiver component according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;
[0025] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a transmitting unit according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;
[0026] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a local oscillator unit according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation
[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this utility model are only used to explain this utility model and are not intended to limit this utility model.
[0028] It should be noted that the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this utility model are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to other steps or units inherent in the device.
[0029] The terminology used in the various embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the various embodiments of this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the various embodiments of this application pertain. The terms (such as those defined in a generally used dictionary) are to be interpreted as having the same meaning as in the context of the relevant technical field and are not to be interpreted as having an idealized or overly formal meaning, unless clearly defined in the various embodiments of this application.
[0030] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these specific details are not necessary to implement the present invention. In other embodiments, well-known structures, circuits, materials, or methods are not specifically described in order to avoid obscuring the present invention.
[0031] This invention provides a multi-channel high-isolation transceiver component that achieves hierarchical spurious suppression and fine power adjustment in the transmit link, and balances noise and linearity in the receive link. It aims to improve the dynamic range, noise performance and spurious suppression capability of the transceiver system, making it suitable for high-frequency scenarios such as 5G base stations, satellite communications, and radar systems.
[0032] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 The diagram shows an overall structural schematic of a radio frequency transceiver assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention, including a receiving channel assembly, a transmitting channel assembly, and a local oscillator unit. The local oscillator unit is connected to both the receiving channel assembly and the transmitting channel assembly, providing local oscillator signal input for the mixing processing in both assemblies.
[0033] The improvement in this embodiment lies in the configuration of the transmit channel component and the receive channel component. Unlike the traditional "mixer-amplifier-filter" architecture of the transceiver link, the transmit channel component in this embodiment includes a pre-selection filter, a first attenuator, a first equalizer, an up-mixer, a first bandpass filter, a first amplifier, and a second bandpass filter connected in series. The receive channel component includes a front-end filter, a low-noise amplifier, a second attenuator, a down-mixer, an intermediate frequency filter, a second equalizer, a second amplifier, and a third attenuator connected in series.
[0034] In the transmit channel assembly, a pre-selection filter is used to pre-filter the baseband input signal. The pre-selection filter processes baseband or intermediate frequency signals, therefore the frequency is low, allowing for <3dB insertion loss. LC filters (such as Murata LFB188KG, 100MHz bandwidth, 2dB insertion loss), SAW filters (such as TDK DEA202450BT, 2450MHz center frequency, 50MHz bandwidth), or digital filters can be selected. A first attenuator is used to dynamically adjust the signal power, a first equalizer is used to compensate for frequency response distortion of the baseband signal, and an upmixer is used to modulate the baseband signal to the RF frequency. By setting the first attenuator and first equalizer before the upmixer, the distortion of the baseband signal is pre-compensated before upmixing, reducing the complexity of RF band compensation. After upmixing, the signal passes through a first bandpass filter to remove unwanted sidebands and spurious signals. Then, it is amplified by a first amplifier, which can be a multi-stage amplifier bank. A second bandpass filter further suppresses amplified harmonics and out-of-band spurious signals after amplification. Finally, the signal is output to the antenna or the next stage circuit. This two-stage bandpass filtering improves spurious signal suppression and reduces cost and design complexity compared to the high-Q filtering required by traditional solutions.
[0035] In the receiving channel assembly, the front-end filter is used to suppress out-of-band interference in the antenna input signal, reducing the overall noise figure of the input signal. The front-end filter processes radio frequency (RF) signals, which are at higher frequencies and require precise bandpass characteristics to suppress interference in specific frequency bands. It also requires low insertion loss; therefore, high-frequency, low-insertion-loss filters such as cavity filters, ceramic filters, and FBAR / BAW filters can be selected. The low-noise amplifier (LNA) amplifies the RF signal and minimizes the noise figure. The second attenuator dynamically adjusts the signal power before the down-mixer to prevent mixer overload. The down-mixer down-converts the RF signal to intermediate frequency (IF) or baseband. The IF filter suppresses image frequencies and mixing spurious signals. The second equalizer compensates for frequency response distortion in the IF link. The second amplifier boosts the IF signal power. The second attenuator adjusts the output signal to the target level, and finally, the output is sent to the baseband processing circuit or ADC circuit. The receiving channel assembly achieves a large dynamic gain range through the two-stage action of the second and third attenuators and uses the second equalizer to compensate for output nonlinear distortion, thus achieving effective noise suppression and a high dynamic input range for the receiving channel.
[0036] In one embodiment, the radio frequency transceiver component further includes a power supply module, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the power supply module is connected to the receiving channel assembly, the transmitting channel assembly, and the local oscillator unit respectively, and is used to provide power to the receiving channel assembly, the transmitting channel assembly, and the local oscillator unit separately.
[0037] The power supply module includes an AD-DC module, a linear regulator, and two DC-DC modules. The input of the AD-DC module is connected to a 220V AC voltage. The output of the AD-DC module is connected to the input of the two DC-DC modules. The output of one of the DC-DC modules is connected to the input of the linear regulator, and the output of the linear regulator serves as one output of the power supply module. The output of the other DC-DC module serves as the other output of the power supply module. When the voltage output from the AC-DC and DC-DC switching power supplies powers the various devices, it undergoes further voltage regulation by the DC-DC linear regulator to improve the output voltage ripple, supplying power to the receiver channel assembly, transmitter channel assembly, and local oscillator unit, respectively.
[0038] In one implementation, see Figure 3 As shown, the transmit channel assembly also includes a fourth attenuator connected between the first amplifier and the second bandpass filter. The fourth attenuator acts as a power conditioning unit, fine-tuning the RF signal output by the amplifier to ensure the final output power accurately matches the target value. Furthermore, by adding the fourth attenuator, the actual load power at the output of the first amplifier is reduced, preventing the amplifier from entering the nonlinear region due to impedance mismatch or sudden load changes, thus reducing harmonic distortion and further improving transmit link performance.
[0039] In one implementation, the first, second, third, and fourth attenuators are all digitally controlled attenuators. The RF transceiver assembly also includes an attenuation control module. The output of the attenuation control module is connected to the first, second, third, and fourth attenuators, respectively, to control them. An STM32F103 chip is used as the digitally controlled attenuation control terminal for the entire transceiver system. The PC sends commands to the digitally controlled attenuation control terminal via a DB9 serial port.
[0040] In one implementation, the first and second equalizers are programmable digital equalizers. This supports dynamic adjustment of compensation parameters to adapt to channel changes.
[0041] In one implementation, the passband ranges of the first and second bandpass filters are symmetrical about the local oscillator frequency, and the passband width is 1.2 to 1.5 times the signal bandwidth. This symmetrical filter design provides sufficient suppression in both the upper and lower sidebands. Setting the bandwidth to 1.2 to 1.5 times the signal bandwidth allows for a certain margin while ensuring the signal remains undistorted, preventing excessive attenuation of signal edges, and also covering potential frequency drift or modulation bandwidth variations.
[0042] In one embodiment, the local oscillator unit includes a crystal oscillator, a phase-locked dielectric oscillator source, a transmitting local oscillator branch, and a receiving local oscillator branch; the output terminal of the crystal oscillator is connected to the input terminal of the phase-locked dielectric oscillator source, and the output terminal of the phase-locked dielectric oscillator source is connected to the transmitting local oscillator branch and the receiving local oscillator branch respectively; the output terminal of the transmitting local oscillator branch is connected to the up mixer, and the output terminal of the receiving local oscillator branch is connected to the down mixer.
[0043] In one implementation method, see Figure 4 As shown, there are multiple receiving channel components; the local oscillator unit includes a power divider unit, which includes at least one 1-to-2 power divider. According to the number of transmitting channels and receiving channels, the local oscillator signal is divided into a transmitting local oscillator branch and multiple receiving local oscillator branches by the 1-to-2 power divider, and then sent to the up mixer in the transmitting channel component and the down mixer in each receiving channel component, respectively.
[0044] Furthermore, at the back end of the power divider, each output branch includes a power amplifier, a π attenuator, and a low-pass filter connected in sequence. The preamplifier amplifies the PLL output signal, avoiding the attenuator reducing input power and decreasing gain requirements, thereby reducing additional phase noise. The π attenuator finely adjusts the local oscillator power after the amplifier, avoiding overdriving the mixer and reducing the impact on amplifier linearity. The low-pass filter ensures a pure output signal and suppresses amplifier harmonics and PLL frequency doubling spurious signals.
[0045] Furthermore, each power divider's output is connected to an isolator. In a multi-channel system, this prevents crosstalk between branch signals. The isolator can also be placed after the low-pass filter, i.e., before the mixer.
[0046] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of this utility model. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.
Claims
1. A radio frequency transceiver component, characterized in that, It includes a receiving channel component, a transmitting channel component, and a local oscillator unit, wherein the local oscillator unit is used to provide local oscillator signal inputs to the receiving channel component and the transmitting channel component, respectively. The transmit channel assembly includes a preselection filter, a first attenuator, a first equalizer, an upmixer, a first bandpass filter, a first amplifier, and a second bandpass filter connected in sequence. The receiving channel assembly includes a front-end filter, a low-noise amplifier, a second attenuator, a downmixer, an intermediate frequency filter, a second equalizer, a second amplifier, and a third attenuator connected in sequence.
2. The radio frequency transceiver component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The local oscillator unit includes a crystal oscillator, a phase-locked dielectric oscillator source, a transmitting local oscillator branch, and a receiving local oscillator branch; the output terminal of the crystal oscillator is connected to the input terminal of the phase-locked dielectric oscillator source, and the output terminal of the phase-locked dielectric oscillator source is connected to the transmitting local oscillator branch and the receiving local oscillator branch respectively. The output of the transmitting local oscillator branch is connected to the up mixer, and the output of the receiving local oscillator branch is connected to the down mixer.
3. The radio frequency transceiver component according to claim 2, characterized in that, The receiving channel assembly has multiple components; the local oscillator unit further includes a power divider unit, which includes at least one 1-to-2 power divider for dividing the local oscillator signal into multiple paths, which are respectively sent to the up mixer in the transmitting channel assembly and the down mixer in the receiving channel assembly.
4. The radio frequency transceiver component according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each of the power dividers has an isolator connected to its output.
5. The radio frequency transceiver component according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both the transmitting local oscillator branch and the receiving local oscillator branch include a power amplifier, a π attenuator, and a low-pass filter connected in sequence.
6. The radio frequency transceiver component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmit channel assembly also includes a fourth attenuator connected between the first amplifier and the second bandpass filter.
7. The radio frequency transceiver component according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first attenuator, the second attenuator, the third attenuator, and the fourth attenuator are all digitally controlled attenuators. The radio frequency transceiver assembly also includes an attenuation control module, the output of which is connected to the first attenuator, the second attenuator, the third attenuator, and the fourth attenuator, respectively.
8. The radio frequency transceiver component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The passband ranges of the first bandpass filter and the second bandpass filter are symmetrical about the local oscillator frequency, and the passband width is 1.2 to 1.5 times the signal bandwidth.
9. The radio frequency transceiver component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first equalizer and the second equalizer are programmable digital equalizers.
10. The radio frequency transceiver component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radio frequency transceiver assembly also includes a power supply module for supplying power to the receiving channel assembly, the transmitting channel assembly, and the local oscillator unit, respectively.