Diatom shell surface modification reaction device based on hydrothermal liquefaction

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of diatom culture, in particular to a diatom shell surface modification reaction device based on hydrothermal liquefaction. Comprising a reaction cavity and supporting legs fixedly connected to the lower portion of the reaction cavity, the side wall of the reaction cavity is of a double-layer structure, an interlayer is arranged in the middle of the reaction cavity, an electric heating wire embedded into the outer side wall of an inner cavity is arranged in the interlayer, a sealing cover is screwed to the top of the reaction cavity, a center hole is formed in the center of the sealing cover, and an exhaust pipe is arranged on one side of the center hole. Compared with the prior art, the heat exchange device has the advantages that the problem of local overheating or heat transfer lag caused by a traditional external heating sleeve or a circulating heating system is solved; the problem of excessive oxidation of hydroxyl on the surface of the diatom shell caused by non-uniform gas distribution and formation of a local oxidation region is solved; through the coupling design of mechanical stirring, ultrasonic vibration and a thermal field, the modification efficiency of functional groups on the surface of the diatom shell is enhanced, and the modification time is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of diatom cultivation technology, specifically to a diatom shell surface modification reaction device based on hydrothermal liquefaction. Background Technology

[0002] Diatom shells, as a natural biomineral material, have shown great application potential in functional materials, biomedicine, and energy storage due to their unique nanoporous structure, high specific surface area, and excellent optical properties. However, the surface modification technology of diatom shells is limited by the structural defects of existing reaction devices. Traditional equipment relies on external heating systems, resulting in low thermal efficiency, uneven distribution of inert gases leading to oxidation side reactions, and poor synergy between stirring and heat transfer.

[0003] In existing technologies, there have been many improvements to devices for diatom cultivation. One such technology, a "diatom cultivation plate reactor" (publication number CN106434283A), solves the problem of diatom cell deposition and improves cultivation uniformity by combining a sandwiched guide plate with a circulating pump.15 However, the core design of this device focuses on the light, fluid circulation, and low shear environment during the biological cultivation stage, without addressing the high-temperature, high-pressure hydrothermal modification process required for diatom shells. Specifically, its heating method relies on an external circulation system, making direct gradient temperature control within the reaction chamber impossible; the gas input is only used to supplement oxygen, lacking inert gas protection and pressure balancing mechanisms. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems or one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, this utility model discloses a diatomaceous earth shell surface modification reaction device based on hydrothermal liquefaction, comprising a reaction chamber and a support leg fixedly attached to the bottom of the reaction chamber. The sidewall of the reaction chamber has a double-layer structure with a middle interlayer. Heating wires are embedded in the outer wall of the inner cavity within the interlayer. A cap is screwed to the top of the reaction chamber. The cap has a central hole, and an exhaust pipe is located on one side of the central hole. A pressure relief valve is installed on the exhaust pipe. A gas distribution device is located below the cap, and an annular baffle fixedly attached to the inner wall of the reaction chamber is located below the gas distribution device. The gas distribution device is installed on the annular baffle. The gas distribution device includes a hollow cylindrical shell with an air inlet fixed to the center of the top surface. The air inlet extends upward from below the cover through the central hole. A quick-connect connector is installed at the top of the air inlet. A guide plate is fixed between the top and bottom surfaces of the cylindrical shell. Multiple air outlets are opened on the outer periphery of the bottom surface of the cylindrical shell. A flow guide plate is provided below the annular baffle. The flow guide plate is fixed to the inner wall of the reaction chamber. An ultrasonic vibrating plate and a control console are provided on the outer wall of the reaction chamber. The ultrasonic vibrating plate and the heating wire are electrically connected to the control console. A stirring mechanism is provided at the center of the bottom of the reaction chamber.

[0005] Furthermore, the stirring mechanism includes a motor and a sealed bearing. The output shaft of the motor is connected to the reaction chamber through the sealed bearing, and a stirring blade is fixedly attached to the output shaft of the motor.

[0006] Furthermore, the bottom sidewall of the reaction chamber is provided with a discharge port.

[0007] Furthermore, a sealing ring is provided between the air inlet and the central hole.

[0008] Furthermore, an exhaust pipe is provided along the edge of the cylindrical shell, and the bottom of the exhaust pipe extends downward through the exhaust pipe into the interior of the reaction chamber.

[0009] Furthermore, the guide plate extends spirally toward the bottom of the reaction chamber.

[0010] Furthermore, the inner layer of the reaction chamber is a stainless steel layer, and the outer layer is a heat-insulating ceramic coating.

[0011] Furthermore, the interlayer is filled with thermally conductive silicone grease.

[0012] Furthermore, a sintered metal filter screen is provided at the bottom of the exhaust pipe.

[0013] Compared with existing technologies, this invention solves the problems of local overheating or heat transfer lag caused by traditional external heating jackets or circulating heating systems; by using a gas distribution device combined with the cavitation effect of ultrasonic vibrators to break up bubbles, it promotes full contact between gas and materials, solving the problem of uneven gas distribution, the formation of local oxidation zones, and the excessive oxidation of hydroxyl groups on the diatom shell surface; through the coupling design of mechanical stirring, ultrasonic vibration and thermal field, it enhances the efficiency of functional group modification on the diatom shell surface and shortens the modification time. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the side cross-section structure of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the gas distribution device of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0018] Please see Figure 1-3 The technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: a diatom shell surface modification reaction device based on hydrothermal liquefaction, including a reaction chamber 1 and a support leg 11 fixedly connected to the bottom of the reaction chamber. The side wall of the reaction chamber 1 has a double-layer structure with a middle interlayer 15. A heating wire 16 embedded in the outer wall of the inner cavity is provided in the interlayer 15. A cover 2 is screwed to the top of the reaction chamber 1, or connected by flange bolts. The cover 2 has a central hole, and an exhaust pipe 21 is provided on one side of the central hole. A pressure relief valve is provided on the exhaust pipe 21. A gas distribution device 3 is provided below the cover 2. An annular baffle 18 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reaction chamber 1 is provided below the gas distribution device 3. The gas distribution device 3 is installed... On the annular baffle 18, the gas distribution device 3 includes a hollow cylindrical shell with an air inlet 31 fixedly connected to the center of the top surface. The air inlet 31 extends upward from below the cover 2 through the central hole. A quick-connect connector 32 is installed at the top of the air inlet 31. A guide plate 33 is fixedly connected between the top and bottom surfaces of the cylindrical shell. Multiple air outlets 34 are opened on the outer periphery of the bottom surface of the cylindrical shell. A guide plate 17 is provided below the annular baffle 18. The guide plate 17 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reaction chamber 1. An ultrasonic vibrating plate 13 and a control console 14 are provided on the outer wall of the reaction chamber 1. The ultrasonic vibrating plate 13 and the heating wire 16 are electrically connected to the control console 14. A stirring mechanism is provided at the center of the bottom of the reaction chamber 1.

[0019] Preferably, the stirring mechanism includes a motor 4 and a sealed bearing 5. The output shaft of the motor 4 is connected to the reaction chamber 1 through the sealed bearing 5. A stirring blade 6 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor 4. The motor drives the stirring blade to rotate, driving the material to be macroscopically mixed in the reaction chamber, ensuring that the diatom shell and the modifying reagent are in full contact, improving the modification efficiency. The sealed bearing design prevents material leakage and ensures that the stirring mechanism operates stably under high temperature and high pressure.

[0020] Preferably, the bottom side wall of the reaction chamber 1 is provided with a discharge port 12, and the material can be quickly discharged through the discharge port after the reaction is completed.

[0021] Preferably, a sealing ring is provided between the air inlet 31 and the central hole. The sealing ring effectively isolates the inert gas from the external environment, ensuring stable pressure inside the reaction chamber.

[0022] Preferably, the cylindrical shell has an exhaust mounting pipe 35 along its edge, and the bottom of the exhaust pipe 21 extends downward through the exhaust mounting pipe 35 into the interior of the reaction chamber 1. The exhaust mounting pipe 35 provides installation space for the exhaust pipe, and the exhaust pipe 21 also plays a positioning role.

[0023] Preferably, the guide plate 17 extends spirally toward the bottom of the reaction chamber 1. The spiral guide plate guides the material to flow along a predetermined path, forming forced convection and improving heat transfer uniformity.

[0024] Preferably, the inner layer of the reaction chamber 1 is a stainless steel layer and the outer layer is a heat-insulating ceramic coating. The inner stainless steel layer has excellent thermal conductivity, ensuring that heat is quickly transferred to the material, while the outer heat-insulating ceramic coating reduces heat loss, improves energy utilization, and protects the external structure from high temperature.

[0025] Preferably, the interlayer 15 is filled with thermally conductive silicone grease to ensure that the heat generated by the heating wire is evenly transferred to the reaction chamber and to shorten the heat transfer path.

[0026] Preferably, the bottom of the exhaust pipe 21 is provided with a sintered metal filter screen, which filters material particles, prevents blockage of the exhaust passage, ensures the normal operation of the pressure relief valve, and improves the safety of the high-pressure reaction.

[0027] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A diatom shell surface modification reaction device based on hydrothermal liquefaction, comprising a reaction chamber (1) and a support leg (11) fixed below the reaction chamber, characterized in that, The sidewall of the reaction chamber (1) has a double-layer structure with a sandwich layer (15) in the middle. The sandwich layer (15) contains an electric heating wire (16) embedded in the outer wall of the inner cavity. The top of the reaction chamber (1) is screwed with a cover (2). The cover (2) has a central hole in the center. An exhaust pipe (21) is provided on one side of the central hole. A pressure relief valve is provided on the exhaust pipe (21). A gas distribution device (3) is provided below the cover (2). An annular baffle (18) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reaction chamber (1) below the gas distribution device (3). The gas distribution device (3) is installed on the annular baffle (18). The gas distribution device (3) includes a hollow cylindrical shell with an air inlet fixedly connected to the center of the top surface. 31), the air inlet (31) extends upward from the bottom of the cover (2) through the central hole, and a quick-connect connector (32) is installed at the top of the air inlet (31). A guide plate (33) is fixed between the top and bottom surfaces of the cylindrical shell. Multiple air outlets (34) are opened on the outer periphery of the bottom surface of the cylindrical shell. A guide plate (17) is provided below the annular baffle (18). The guide plate (17) is fixed to the inner wall of the reaction chamber (1). An ultrasonic vibrating plate (13) and a control console (14) are provided on the outer wall of the reaction chamber (1). The ultrasonic vibrating plate (13) and the heating wire (16) are electrically connected to the control console (14). A stirring mechanism is provided at the bottom center of the reaction chamber (1).

2. The diatom shell surface modification reaction device based on hydrothermal liquefaction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stirring mechanism includes a motor (4) and a sealed bearing (5). The output shaft of the motor (4) is connected to the reaction chamber (1) through the sealed bearing (5). A stirring blade (6) is fixedly attached to the output shaft of the motor (4).

3. The diatom shell surface modification reaction device based on hydrothermal liquefaction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom side wall of the reaction chamber (1) is provided with a discharge port (12).

4. The diatom shell surface modification reaction device based on hydrothermal liquefaction according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sealing ring is provided between the air inlet (31) and the center hole.

5. The diatom shell surface modification reaction device based on hydrothermal liquefaction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cylindrical shell has an exhaust pipe (35) on its edge, and the bottom of the exhaust pipe (21) extends downward through the exhaust pipe (35) into the interior of the reaction chamber (1).

6. The diatom shell surface modification reaction device based on hydrothermal liquefaction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide plate (17) extends spirally toward the bottom of the reaction chamber (1).

7. The diatom shell surface modification reaction device based on hydrothermal liquefaction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner layer of the reaction chamber (1) is a stainless steel layer, and the outer layer is a heat-insulating ceramic coating.

8. The diatom shell surface modification reaction device based on hydrothermal liquefaction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interlayer (15) is filled with thermally conductive silicone grease.

9. The diatom shell surface modification reaction device based on hydrothermal liquefaction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the exhaust pipe (21) is provided with a sintered metal filter.

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