Magnetic material hydrogen decrepitation furnace

Abstract

The utility model discloses a magnetic material hydrogen decrepitation furnace, which belongs to the field of backward wave tube manufacture and comprises a horizontal furnace body, the horizontal furnace body comprises a furnace body, a furnace front cover and a furnace rear cover, the furnace body, the furnace front cover and the furnace rear cover define a working cavity, a discharge pipe is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body, and an inlet end of the discharge pipe is positioned in the working cavity. Heating elements are installed on the periphery of the inner wall of the furnace body in the working cavity, a cooling system is arranged in the working cavity, a hydrogen decrepitation generation area is arranged in the center of the working cavity, a collector for receiving hydrogen decrepitation particles from the hydrogen decrepitation generation area is arranged below the hydrogen decrepitation generation area, and a hydrogen inlet pipe communicated with the working cavity is connected to the furnace rear cover. And an outlet of the collector is communicated with an inlet of the discharging pipe. The hydrogen demolishing device is good in hydrogen demolishing effect, the particle size of hydrogen demolished products is uniform, and the caking phenomenon is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of backwave tube manufacturing, and more specifically, to a magnetic material hydrogen crushing furnace. Background Technology

[0002] The backward-wave tube, a type of traveling-wave tube, is used to generate microwaves in the terahertz range. It can be tuned over a wide frequency range and can be quickly tuned to radar frequencies, making it a promising candidate for radar jamming applications. The backward-wave tube focusing system uses a permanent magnet device made of permanent magnet material.

[0003] The existing manufacturing process for permanent magnet materials includes: batching, smelting, hydrogen breaking, grinding, forming, isostatic pressing, oil stripping, and sintering. The hydrogen breaking process utilizes the hydrogen absorption properties between rare earth metals. The NdFeB alloy block is placed in a hydrogen environment, where hydrogen enters the alloy along the neodymium-rich phase layer, causing it to expand, burst, and break apart. Cracking occurs along the neodymium-rich phase layer, thus transforming the NdFeB alloy from thin sheets into coarse powder. Therefore, the hydrogen breaking furnace in the hydrogen breaking process is a key piece of equipment for producing high-quality permanent magnet materials.

[0004] Existing hydrogen crushing furnaces for permanent magnet materials have furnace bodies made of high-temperature and high-pressure resistant stainless steel or alloys. Heating is achieved by installing heating elements (resistance wires or induction coils) around the inner wall of the furnace body. Cooling is achieved through internal cooling pipes within the furnace body. Temperature control is performed via thermocouples and a temperature control system. An inlet pipe on the furnace body supplies hydrogen gas. Neodymium iron boron alloy blocks are placed in the cavity inside the furnace body before hydrogen crushing begins. Before hydrogen induction, a vacuum is drawn to remove air. During hydrogen crushing, the heating elements provide heating to supply hydrogen, and the inlet pipe provides the hydrogen gas source. After hydrogen crushing, the cooling system provides a cold source to cool and release the hydrogen. Pressure is controlled during the hydrogen crushing process using pressure sensors and safety valves.

[0005] Existing hydrogen pulverizing furnaces used for hydrogen pulverizing permanent magnet materials have poor hydrogen pulverizing effects, with large differences in particle size of the pulverized products and a relatively serious agglomeration phenomenon. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model provides a magnetic material hydrogen crushing furnace, which aims to improve at least one of the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] A magnetic material hydrogen crushing furnace includes a horizontal furnace body, which comprises a furnace body, a front cover, and a rear cover. The furnace body, front cover, and rear cover form a working chamber. A discharge pipe is provided at the bottom of the furnace body, with its inlet located inside the working chamber. Heating elements are installed around the inner wall of the working chamber. A cooling system is provided inside the working chamber. The center of the working chamber is a hydrogen crushing generation zone. A collector for receiving hydrogen particles from the hydrogen crushing generation zone is provided below the hydrogen crushing generation zone. A hydrogen inlet pipe connected to the working chamber is connected to the rear cover. The outlet of the collector is connected to the inlet of the discharge pipe.

[0008] Optionally, the furnace front cover is a detachable furnace front cover, and the furnace rear cover is a detachable furnace rear cover.

[0009] Optionally, the hydrogen crushing generation zone is equipped with a hydrogen crushing reactor, which includes a horizontal hydrogen crushing reaction unit. The horizontal hydrogen crushing reaction unit includes a front cover, a body, and a rear bottom. The body and the rear bottom are connected as one unit. The front cover, body, and rear bottom form a reaction chamber. The front cover is removable. A rotating shaft is connected to the rear bottom, with the other end of the rotating shaft extending out of the rear cover.

[0010] Optionally, the collector is hopper-shaped, and the diameter of the collector decreases the further away from the hydrogen crushing reaction unit.

[0011] Optionally, the outlet end of the discharge pipe is connected to a funnel-shaped section with an opening facing downwards.

[0012] Optionally, the cooling system includes a cooling pipeline system and an inert gas cooling system. The cooling pipeline system is installed in the working chamber outside the horizontal hydrogen crushing reaction unit above the collector, and the inert gas cooling system includes an inert gas pipe connected to the furnace rear cover.

[0013] Optionally, an air distributor is installed inside the working chamber and outside the horizontal hydrogen crushing reaction unit, and the air distributor is connected to the hydrogen inlet pipe.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0015] The magnetic material hydrogen crushing furnace provided by this utility model has a better hydrogen crushing effect, the hydrogen crushed product has a uniform particle size, and the agglomeration phenomenon is greatly improved. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hydrogen crushing reactor of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rear bottom structure of the square horizontal hydrogen crushing reaction unit of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rear bottom structure of the circular horizontal hydrogen crushing reaction unit of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the horizontal hydrogen crushing reaction unit of this utility model.

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Horizontal furnace body; 11. Furnace body; 12. Front cover of furnace; 13. Rear cover of furnace; 14. Working chamber; 15. Discharge pipe; 16. Hydrogen inlet pipe; 17. Limiting groove; 2. Heating element; 3. Hydrogen crushing reactor; 31. Horizontal hydrogen crushing reaction unit; 32. Front cover of hydrogen crushing reaction unit; 33. Body of hydrogen crushing reaction unit; 34. Rear bottom of hydrogen crushing reaction unit; 35. Rotating shaft; 36. Anti-deviation shaft; 37. Reaction chamber; 38. Gas hole; 39. Through hole for hydrogen crushed product particles; 4. Collector; 5. Motor; 6. Cooling pipeline system; 7. Inert gas pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0023] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0024] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise precisely specified.

[0025] The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” “fourth,” etc. (if present) in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a particular order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented, for example, in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms “comprising” and “having,” and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0027] The technical solution of this utility model will be described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments.

[0028] Please refer to Figures 1-5 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hydrogen crushing reactor of this utility model. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rear bottom structure of the square horizontal hydrogen crushing reaction unit of this utility model. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rear bottom structure of the circular horizontal hydrogen crushing reaction unit of this utility model. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the horizontal hydrogen crushing reaction unit of this utility model.

[0029] A magnetic material hydrogen crushing furnace includes a horizontal furnace body 1, which includes a furnace body 11, a front cover 12, and a rear cover 13. The furnace body 11, the front cover 12, and the rear cover 13 form a working chamber 14. A discharge pipe 15 is provided at the bottom of the furnace body 11, and the inlet end of the discharge pipe 15 is located inside the working chamber 14. Heating elements 2 are installed around the inner wall of the working chamber 14. A cooling system is provided inside the working chamber 14. The center of the working chamber 14 is a hydrogen crushing generation zone. A collector 4 is provided below the hydrogen crushing generation zone to receive hydrogen crushing particles from the hydrogen crushing generation zone. A hydrogen inlet pipe 16 connected to the rear cover 13 and communicating with the working chamber 14 is provided. The outlet of the collector 4 is connected to the inlet of the discharge pipe 15.

[0030] Those skilled in the art should also understand that the horizontal furnace body 1 of this utility model is of course also equipped with existing mature components such as thermocouples and temperature control systems, pressure sensors, and safety valves, which are not the inventive points of this utility model and will not be described in detail here.

[0031] By setting up collector 4, the hydrogen fragments generated in the hydrogen fragmentation zone are collected and discharged from the discharge pipe 15 below, which prevents the product particles after hydrogen fragmentation from leaving the furnace body 1 through other paths or from staying in the furnace body 1, thereby improving the production yield.

[0032] In one or more specific embodiments of this utility model, in order to facilitate maintenance and loading, the furnace front cover 12 is a detachable furnace front cover. The detachable method can be by flange connection or other detachable methods. This is a mature technology and is not particularly limited here.

[0033] In one or more specific embodiments of this utility model, for ease of maintenance, the furnace rear cover 13 is a detachable furnace rear cover. The detachable method can be a flange connection or other detachable methods, which are mature technologies and are not particularly limited here.

[0034] In one or more specific embodiments of this utility model, a hydrogen crushing reactor 3 is provided in the hydrogen crushing generation zone. The hydrogen crushing reactor 3 includes a horizontal hydrogen crushing reaction unit 31, which includes a front cover 32, a body 33, and a rear bottom 34. The body 33 and the rear bottom 34 are connected as one unit. The front cover 32, body 33, and rear bottom 34 form a reaction chamber 37. The front cover 32 is a removable cover. A rotating shaft 35 is connected to the rear bottom 34, with the other end of the rotating shaft 35 extending out of the furnace rear cover 13. Those skilled in the art should understand that the rotating shaft 35 can be driven by a motor 5, or by existing methods such as gears or cylinders. This is mature technology and is not particularly limited here, as long as the rotating shaft 35 can rotate and drive the horizontal hydrogen crushing reaction unit 31 connected to it to rotate. By setting up a horizontal hydrogen crushing reaction unit 31 and a rotating shaft 35, the rotation during hydrogen crushing can drive the movement of the blocky material inside, thereby increasing the reaction contact area and improving the reaction effect.

[0035] In one or more specific embodiments of this utility model, the removable method of the front cover of the removable hydrogen crushing reaction unit can be a screw and nut threaded connection, or other removable, installable, and re-removable methods. No particular limitation is made here, as long as the removable and installable methods can be achieved.

[0036] In one or more specific embodiments of this utility model, the front cover 32 of the hydrogen crushing reaction unit is connected to an anti-offset shaft 36, and the inner wall of the furnace front cover 12 is provided with a limiting circular groove 17. The other end of the anti-offset shaft 36 is located in the limiting circular groove 17 to prevent the center from shifting during rotation.

[0037] In one or more specific embodiments of this utility model, the bottom 34 of the hydrogen crushing reaction unit is evenly distributed with pores 38, and the body 33 of the hydrogen crushing reaction unit is evenly distributed with through-holes 39 for the hydrogen-crushed product particles. Through the arrangement of the pores 38 and the through-holes 39, during hydrogen crushing, hydrogen gas permeates the lumps in an enveloping manner through the pores 38 and the through-holes 39. With the horizontal hydrogen crushing reaction unit 31 rotating, the reaction is more complete and the crushing is more uniform. Uncrushed lumps, being larger than the diameter of the through-holes 39, remain in the reaction chamber 37, while particles smaller than the diameter of the through-holes 39 after crushing leave the reaction chamber 37 and enter the collector 4 below for stabilization, reducing the amount of reactant material in the reaction chamber 37 and further improving reaction efficiency. During and after hydrogen crushing, because the material is in a rotating state, it is in motion and separation, reducing particle aggregation and greatly improving the agglomeration phenomenon.

[0038] In one or more specific embodiments of this utility model, the diameter of the through-hole 39 of the hydrogen-crushed product particles is 20-50 μm, the diameter of the pore 38 is 1-8 μm, the porosity of the through-hole 39 of the hydrogen-crushed product particles is 3-10%, and the porosity of the pore 38 is 3-10%. At this time, a better overall effect can be obtained.

[0039] In one or more specific embodiments of this utility model, the horizontal hydrogen crushing reaction unit 31 can be square or circular.

[0040] In one or more embodiments of this utility model, the collector 4 is hopper-shaped, and the diameter of the collector decreases the further away from the hydrogen crushing reaction unit 33. The hopper shape facilitates the collection of product particles coming from the hydrogen crushing product particles through the orifice 39, preventing product particles from flying around in the working chamber 14.

[0041] In one or more specific embodiments of this utility model, the outlet end of the discharge pipe 15 is connected to a flared section with an opening facing downwards. The purpose of the flared section is to facilitate product discharge and avoid blockage.

[0042] In one or more specific embodiments of this utility model, the cooling system includes a cooling pipeline system 6 and an inert gas cooling system. The cooling pipeline system 6 is installed in the working chamber 14 outside the horizontal hydrogen crushing reaction unit 31 above the collector 4. The inert gas cooling system includes an inert gas pipe 7 connected to the furnace rear cover 13. During the cooling stage after hydrogen crushing, in the initial stage of cooling, the cooling pipeline system 6 is turned on for rapid cooling, on the one hand to stabilize the hydrogenation products and on the other hand to accelerate the reaction process. At this time, hydrogen gas continues to be introduced. In the later stage of cooling, the cooling pipeline system 6 is turned off and the inert gas cooling system is turned on, on the one hand to discharge the hydrogen gas and on the other hand to cool slowly, which is conducive to the release of internal stress and promotes uniform crushing.

[0043] In one or more specific embodiments of this utility model, an air distributor is installed inside the working chamber 14 and outside the horizontal hydrogen crushing reaction unit 31, and the air distributor is connected to the hydrogen inlet pipe 16.

[0044] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A magnetic material hydrogen crushing furnace, comprising a horizontal furnace body (1), the horizontal furnace body (1) comprising a furnace body (11), a front cover (12) and a rear cover (13), the furnace body (11), the front cover (12) and the rear cover (13) forming a working chamber (14), characterized in that, The bottom of the furnace body (11) is provided with a discharge pipe (15), the inlet end of the discharge pipe (15) is located in the working chamber (14), the working chamber (14) is equipped with heating elements (2) around the inner wall of the furnace body (11), the working chamber (14) is provided with a cooling system, the center of the working chamber (14) is the hydrogen fragmentation generation zone, the collector (4) for receiving hydrogen fragmentation particles from the hydrogen fragmentation generation zone is provided below the hydrogen fragmentation generation zone, the rear cover (13) of the furnace is connected with a hydrogen inlet pipe (16) that communicates with the working chamber (14), and the outlet of the collector (4) is connected to the inlet of the discharge pipe (15).

2. The magnetic material hydrogen crushing furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The furnace front cover (12) is a detachable furnace front cover, and the furnace rear cover (13) is a detachable furnace rear cover.

3. The magnetic material hydrogen crushing furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogen crushing generation zone is equipped with a hydrogen crushing reactor (3), which includes a horizontal hydrogen crushing reaction unit (31). The horizontal hydrogen crushing reaction unit (31) includes a front cover (32), a body (33), and a rear bottom (34). The body (33) and the rear bottom (34) are connected as one unit. The front cover (32), body (33), and rear bottom (34) form a reaction chamber (37). The front cover (32) is a removable front cover. A rotating shaft (35) is connected to the rear bottom (34), and the other end of the rotating shaft (35) extends out of the rear cover (13).

4. The magnetic material hydrogen crushing furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The collector (4) is hopper-shaped, and the diameter of the collector is smaller the farther away it is from the hydrogen crushing reaction unit (33).

5. The magnetic material hydrogen crushing furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outlet end of the discharge pipe (15) is connected to a funnel-shaped section with an opening facing downwards.

6. The magnetic material hydrogen crushing furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling system includes a cooling pipe system (6) and an inert gas cooling system. The cooling pipe system (6) is installed in the working chamber (14) outside the horizontal hydrogen crushing reaction unit (31) above the collector (4). The inert gas cooling system includes an inert gas pipe (7) connected to the furnace rear cover (13).

7. The magnetic material hydrogen crushing furnace according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, An air distributor is installed inside the working chamber (14) and outside the horizontal hydrogen crushing reaction unit (31), and the air distributor is connected to the hydrogen inlet pipe (16).

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