Quenching and rapid cooling device for forgings

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of quenching pool equipment, and discloses a forge piece quenching rapid cooling device which comprises a quenching pool, an industrial refrigerating unit is arranged on the rear side of the quenching pool, and a quenching liquid cooling aeration assembly penetrating into the quenching pool is arranged on the front side of the quenching pool; and the quenching liquid cooling and aerating assembly comprises a heat conduction grid fixed in the bottom space of the inner cavity of the quenching bath, an air blower fixed on the side wall of the front side of the quenching bath, and a main air passage connected with an air outlet port of the air blower through a pipe joint. According to the scheme, through the synergistic effect of the industrial refrigerating unit and the aeration assembly and indirect cooling of the heat conduction grid and the refrigerating unit, the problem that the cooling efficiency is reduced due to temperature rise of quenching liquid is solved, oxide is actively removed through the cavitation effect of aeration bubbles, the surface quality is improved, and the quenching quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of quenching tank equipment, specifically a rapid cooling device for quenching forgings. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of metal heat treatment, quenching is a key process that rapidly cools forgings to achieve specific mechanical properties. Traditional quenching processes mostly employ natural cooling in quenching tanks or simple circulating water cooling. However, with the increasing demand for high-precision forgings, existing technologies have revealed the following significant shortcomings:

[0003] Heat accumulation problem: Traditional quenching tanks rely on environmental heat dissipation or external water circulation for cooling, and the cooling rate is limited by the specific heat capacity of the liquid and the heat dissipation area. For example, during continuous quenching, the quenching oil temperature may rise from an initial 30°C to over 80°C, leading to a decrease in cooling rate, affecting the martensitic transformation efficiency, and causing residual stress or even deformation inside the forging. Oxide formation: When high-temperature forgings are exposed to air before quenching, iron oxide will form on the surface. In traditional quenching processes, the flow of quenching fluid can only wash away some loose oxides, leaving a dense oxide layer, which leads to difficulties in subsequent machining or reduced coating adhesion. Therefore, those skilled in the art propose a solution to address this issue by using a rapid cooling device for forging quenching. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, this utility model provides a rapid cooling device for quenching forgings to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] This utility model provides the following technical solution: it includes a quenching pool, an industrial refrigeration unit is provided on the rear side of the quenching pool, and a quenching liquid cooling and aeration component that penetrates into the interior of the quenching pool is provided on the front side of the quenching pool.

[0006] The quenching liquid cooling and aeration assembly includes a heat-conducting grid fixed in the bottom space of the quenching pool cavity, a blower fixed in the front side wall of the quenching pool, and a main air duct connected to the blower outlet port through a pipe joint. Multiple branch pipes penetrating into the interior are passed through the rear side wall of the main air duct. Each branch pipe has 3-5 manifolds connected to its top surface, and each manifold has an aeration nozzle installed at its top port.

[0007] The heat-conducting grid has several openings for aeration nozzles to pass through, and a chamber is provided inside the heat-conducting grid, with a cold storage liquid inside the chamber; the cooling output end of the industrial refrigeration unit is connected to several cold traps that penetrate into the chamber, and the cold traps are immersed in the cold storage liquid.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the quenching tank is provided with quenching oil or quenching brine.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the front side wall of the quenching pool is provided with a plurality of circular holes for branch pipes to pass through, and a sealing ring is installed inside each of the circular holes.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the aeration nozzle has multiple aeration holes inside, which are used to deliver air bubbles into the quenching liquid inside the quenching pool.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the outer surface of the aeration nozzle is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the opening inside the heat-conducting grid.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a check valve is installed in the inner cavity of each manifold to prevent the quenching liquid inside the quenching pool from flowing back into the tank.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the outer surface of the heat-conducting grid is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the quenching pool and the surrounding side wall. Both the rear side wall of the quenching pool and the rear side wall of the heat-conducting grid are provided with through holes for the cold trap of the industrial refrigeration unit to pass through. A sealing ring is provided inside the through hole.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] This solution addresses the problem of decreased cooling efficiency caused by rising quenching liquid temperature through the synergistic effect of industrial refrigeration units and aeration components, and the indirect cooling between heat-conducting grids and refrigeration units. It also utilizes the cavitation effect of aeration bubbles to actively remove oxides, thereby improving surface quality and quenching quality. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a quenching tank and an industrial condenser.

[0017] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an aeration assembly for cooling the quenching liquid inside a quenching tank.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pool structure;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a heat-conducting grid;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an aerator nozzle.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Quenching pool; 2. Quenching liquid cooling and aeration assembly; 21. Blower; 22. Main air duct; 23. Aeration nozzle; 24. Manifold; 25. Heat-conducting grid; 26. Branch pipe; 27. Opening; 28. Chamber; 29. ​​Aeration through hole; 3. Industrial refrigeration unit. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0023] Please see Figures 1-5 As shown, the rapid cooling device for forging quenching includes the following main components: a quenching pool 1 for holding the quenching medium (such as quenching oil or quenching brine), with a heat-conducting grid 25 installed inside; a blower 21 installed at the front; and an industrial refrigeration unit 3 connected to the rear. A quenching liquid cooling and aeration assembly 2 is integrated at the front of the quenching pool 1, including a blower 21, a main air duct 22, branch pipes 26, a manifold 24, and aeration nozzles 23, used to inject air bubbles into the quenching liquid and assist in cooling. The industrial refrigeration unit 3 is connected to the chamber 28 of the heat-conducting grid 25 via a cold trap, continuously providing low-temperature cooling capacity.

[0024] The quenching pool 1 is a rectangular container with a heat-conducting grid 25 fixed at the bottom of its inner cavity. The interior of the quenching pool 1 can be filled with quenching oil or quenching brine according to the requirements of the forging material, and the liquid surface of the medium must be covered by the heat-conducting grid 25. Multiple round holes are opened on the front side wall of the quenching pool 1 for the branch pipes 26 to pass through. Sealing rings are embedded in the round holes to prevent quenching fluid leakage.

[0025] The blower 21 in the quenching liquid cooling aeration assembly 2 is fixed to the front outer wall of the quenching tank 1, and its outlet is connected to the main air duct 22 via a flange. The main air duct 22 is horizontally arranged on the front side of the quenching tank 1, and multiple branch pipes 26 are welded to the rear side wall. Each branch pipe 26 extends along the bottom of the inner cavity of the quenching tank 1, and 3-5 vertically upward manifolds 24 are welded to the top; a check valve is installed inside the manifold 24 to prevent backflow of the quenching liquid. An aeration nozzle 23 is installed at the top of each manifold 24, and multiple aeration holes 29 are opened inside it to generate micron-sized bubbles. The outer ring of the aeration nozzle 23 is fixed to the opening 27 of the heat-conducting grid 25 by threads to ensure structural stability. The heat-conducting grid 25 is a hollow metal frame (made of copper or aluminum alloy), and its internal chamber 28 is filled with a coolant (such as ethylene glycol solution).

[0026] Several cold traps (copper pipes) are led out from the cooling output end of the refrigeration unit, passing through the rear side wall of the quenching pool 1 and the rear side wall of the heat-conducting grid 25, and inserted into the chamber 28 and immersed in the cold storage liquid; a sealing ring is installed at the insertion point to prevent liquid leakage. The refrigeration unit 3 continuously absorbs heat from the cold storage liquid through the cold traps to maintain the low temperature of the cold storage liquid, and then indirectly cools the quenching liquid through the surface of the heat-conducting grid 25.

[0027] The branch pipe 26 is dynamically sealed to the side wall of the quenching pool 1 through a sealing ring to accommodate thermal expansion and contraction. The check valve in the manifold 24 adopts a spring-loaded structure, which automatically closes when the blower 21 stops, preventing the quenching liquid from flowing back.

[0028] The workflow and principle are as follows: High-temperature forgings are immersed in the quenching liquid in quenching tank 1. The liquid rapidly absorbs heat from the forgings through forced convection and phase change heat absorption (such as brine vaporization), causing the liquid temperature to rise sharply. If not cooled in time, the cooling rate of subsequent batches of forgings will be significantly reduced due to the excessively high liquid temperature, affecting the uniformity of the metallographic structure. The heat from the quenching liquid is transferred to the cold storage liquid (such as ethylene glycol solution) in the internal chamber 28 through the surface of the heat-conducting grid 25. The cold trap (metal coil) of the industrial refrigeration unit 3 is immersed in the cold storage liquid. Through the evaporation-compression cycle of the refrigerant, it continuously absorbs heat from the cold storage liquid, maintaining its temperature at the set low temperature. The grid structure of the heat-conducting grid 25 increases the contact area with the quenching liquid. The blower 21 delivers compressed air through the main air duct 22 and branch pipe 26 to the manifold 24, and finally sprays it out through the micro-holes of the aerator nozzle 23, forming dense micron-sized bubbles. As bubbles rise, they generate eddy currents that disrupt the thermal boundary layer on the surface of the quenching liquid, accelerating internal thermal convection. When the bubbles collapse near the surface of the forging, they create localized high-pressure microjets and high temperatures; this phenomenon is called cavitation. The impact force of the microjets can break up and peel off the oxide layer on the surface of the forging, while the shearing action of the bubbles further removes attached impurities, reducing surface defects in the forging after quenching.

[0029] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A rapid cooling device for quenching forgings, comprising a quenching tank (1), characterized in that: An industrial refrigeration unit (3) is provided on the rear side of the quenching pool (1), and a quenching liquid cooling and aeration assembly (2) is provided on the front side of the quenching pool (1) that penetrates into the interior of the quenching pool (1). The quenching liquid cooling and aeration assembly (2) includes a heat-conducting grid (25) fixed in the bottom space of the inner cavity of the quenching pool (1), a blower (21) fixed in the front side wall of the quenching pool (1), and a main air duct (22) connected to the air outlet of the blower (21) through a pipe joint. Multiple branch pipes (26) penetrating into the interior of (11) are passed through the rear side wall of the main air duct (22). Each branch pipe (26) has 3-5 manifolds (24) connected to its top surface. Each manifold (24) has an aeration nozzle (23) installed at its top port. The heat-conducting grid (25) has several openings (27) for the aeration nozzles (23) to pass through. The heat-conducting grid (25) has a chamber (28) inside, and the chamber (28) contains a cold storage liquid. The cooling output end of the industrial refrigeration unit (3) is connected to several cold traps that penetrate into the chamber (28), and the cold traps are immersed in the cold storage liquid.

2. The rapid cooling device for forging quenching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quenching tank (1) is filled with quenching oil or quenching brine.

3. The rapid cooling device for forging quenching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front side wall of the quenching pool (1) has multiple round holes for the branch pipe (26) to pass through, and each round hole is equipped with a sealing ring.

4. The rapid cooling device for forging quenching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aeration nozzle (23) has multiple aeration holes (29) inside, which are used to deliver air bubbles into the quenching liquid inside the quenching pool (1).

5. The rapid cooling device for forging quenching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the aeration nozzle (23) is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the opening (27) inside the heat-conducting grid (25).

6. The rapid cooling device for forging quenching according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each manifold (24) is equipped with a check valve to prevent the quenching liquid inside the quenching pool (1) from flowing back.

7. The rapid cooling device for forging quenching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the heat-conducting grid (25) is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the quenching pool (1) and the rear side wall of the quenching pool (1) and the rear side wall of the heat-conducting grid (25) are provided with through holes for the cold trap of the industrial refrigeration unit (3) to pass through, and a sealing ring is provided inside the through hole.

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