Guniting generator

Abstract

A generation channel and an atomization cavity are defined in the guniting generator, the generation channel is provided with a channel inlet and a channel outlet, the atomization cavity is arranged in the circumferential direction of the generation channel, and the atomization cavity is provided with an atomization inlet and a plurality of atomization outlets. The atomization outlets are formed between the atomization cavity and the generation channel, the atomization cavity is communicated with the generation channel through the atomization outlets, the channel inlet is used for introducing high-pressure airflow mixed with guniting raw materials into the generation channel, and the guniting raw materials are driven by the high-pressure airflow to be conveyed towards the channel outlet; the atomization inlet is used for introducing high-pressure water-gas mixed fluid into the atomization cavity, and the high-pressure water-gas mixed fluid in the atomization cavity is dispersed through the multiple atomization outlets, then sprayed into the generation channel and flows towards the channel outlet. According to the guniting generator, the guniting requirement of composite colloid material guniting can be met, water and materials are evenly mixed, the guniting distance is long, and the wall hanging performance of the guniting is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of coal spontaneous combustion prevention technology, and in particular to a spraying generator. Background Technology

[0002] Due to the needs for reinforcement, support, and fire prevention in underground coal mine roadways, shotcreting engineering is essential. Existing shotcreting equipment is primarily designed for shotcreting materials such as concrete and fly ash, and can generally meet the requirements for shotcreting operations using these materials. However, it is no longer suitable for shotcreting composite colloidal materials (high-resistance hydrogels) with significantly different properties from concrete and fly ash. Utility Model Content

[0003] This invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, one objective of this invention is to provide a spraying generator that can meet the spraying requirements of composite colloidal materials (high-resistance hydrogel), ensuring uniform water-material mixing, long spraying distance, and good slurry adhesion to walls.

[0004] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a shotcrete generator defines a generating channel and an atomizing chamber. The generating channel has a channel inlet and a channel outlet. The atomizing chamber is arranged circumferentially around the generating channel and has an atomizing inlet and a plurality of atomizing outlets spaced apart from each other. The plurality of atomizing outlets are disposed between the atomizing chamber and the generating channel and distributed circumferentially along the generating channel. The atomizing chamber and the generating channel are connected through the atomizing outlets. The channel inlet is used to introduce a high-pressure airflow mixed with shotcrete material into the generating channel, and the shotcrete material is transported from the channel inlet to the channel outlet under the drive of the high-pressure airflow. The atomizing inlet is used to introduce a high-pressure water-air mixture into the atomizing chamber, and the high-pressure water-air mixture in the atomizing chamber is dispersed through the plurality of atomizing outlets and sprayed into the generating channel and flows towards the channel outlet.

[0005] In addition, the shotcrete generator according to the embodiments of this utility model may also have the following additional technical features:

[0006] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a turbulence structure is provided in the generating channel, and at least a portion of the turbulence structure is located between the atomization outlet and the channel outlet. The turbulence structure includes a plurality of turbulence baffles, which are circumferentially spaced on the inner wall surface of the generating channel.

[0007] According to one embodiment of the present invention, each of the baffles is a curved panel structure. Each baffle has a first edge and a second edge opposite to each other in the axial direction of the generating channel, and a third edge and a fourth edge opposite to each other in the radial direction of the generating channel. The second edge is located on the side of the first edge away from the channel inlet, and the third edge is located on the side of the fourth edge away from the central axis of the generating channel. The first edge of one baffle and the second edge of the other baffle are both curved and extended toward the reference reference area in the direction from the third edge to the fourth edge. The second edge of one baffle and the first edge of the other baffle are both curved and extended toward the direction away from the reference reference area in the direction from the third edge to the fourth edge. The reference reference area is the inner peripheral wall of the generating channel located between the two adjacent baffles.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the turbulence baffle has a first edge and a second edge opposite to each other in the axial direction of the generating channel, the second edge being located on the side of the first edge away from the channel inlet, the second edge being located inside the generating channel, and the distance L between the second edge and the channel outlet being greater than 30 mm.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the shotcrete generator includes a first shotcrete generating element and a second shotcrete generating element detachably connected. Both the first and second shotcrete generating elements are annular cylindrical. One end of the second shotcrete generating element is inserted into one end of the first shotcrete generating element. A portion of the generating channel is formed inside the first shotcrete generating element, and another portion of the generating channel is formed inside the second shotcrete generating element. The channel inlet is formed at the other end of the first shotcrete generating element, and the channel outlet is formed at the other end of the second shotcrete generating element. The atomizing chamber is formed between the first end of the first shotcrete generating element and the second end of the second shotcrete generating element. The atomizing outlet is disposed on and penetrates the peripheral wall of the second shotcrete generating element, and the atomizing inlet is disposed on the peripheral wall of the first shotcrete generating element.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first shotcrete generating component includes a first shotcrete generating section and a second shotcrete generating section connected to each other. The inner diameter d1 of the first shotcrete generating section is smaller than the inner diameter d2 of the second shotcrete generating section. A first stepped surface is formed between the inner peripheral walls of the first shotcrete generating section and the inner peripheral walls of the second shotcrete generating section. The channel inlet is formed at the end of the first shotcrete generating section away from the second shotcrete generating section. The second shotcrete generating component includes a third shotcrete generating section and a fourth shotcrete generating section connected to each other. The channel outlet is formed at the end of the fourth shotcrete generating section away from the third shotcrete generating section. The outer diameter D1 of the third shotcrete generating section is smaller than that of the fourth shotcrete generating section. The outer diameter D2 of the spraying section, a second stepped surface is formed between the outer peripheral wall of the third spraying section and the outer peripheral wall of the fourth spraying section, and a plurality of atomizing outlets penetrate the second stepped surface. The third spraying section is gap-fitted into the second spraying section, the end of the third spraying section away from the fourth spraying section is supported on the first stepped surface, at least a portion of the fourth spraying section is sealed into the second spraying section, the atomizing cavity is defined between the outer peripheral wall of the third spraying section, the inner peripheral wall of the second spraying section, the first stepped surface and the second stepped surface, and the atomizing inlet is located on the peripheral wall of the second spraying section.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a first sealing ring is provided between the third shotcrete generating section and the first step surface.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the edge of the inner peripheral wall of the first stepped surface away from the second spraying section is provided with an annular rib protruding in the direction away from the channel inlet. An annular positioning groove is defined between the annular rib, the first stepped surface and the inner peripheral wall of the second spraying section, and the first sealing ring is disposed in the positioning groove.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the fourth shotcrete generating section includes an insert shotcrete generating section and an extendable shotcrete generating section connected to each other. The insert shotcrete generating section is sealed within the second shotcrete generating section, and the extendable shotcrete generating section is located outside the second shotcrete generating section. The outer diameter of the insert shotcrete generating section is smaller than the outer diameter of the extendable shotcrete generating section. A third stepped surface is provided between the insert shotcrete generating section and the extendable shotcrete generating section. The third stepped surface is opposite to the end face of the second shotcrete generating section, and a second sealing ring is provided between the third stepped surface and the end face of the second shotcrete generating section.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the angle α between the centerline of the atomizing outlet and the central axis of the generating channel is in the range of 30° to 60°.

[0015] According to the spraying generator of this utility model embodiment, the water required for slurry preparation is dispersed and sprayed into the generation channel in the form of a high-pressure water-air mixture (air-water mist) through multiple atomization outlets. Within the generation channel, it mixes with a composite colloidal material and undergoes a preliminary reaction to form a slurry between a powder and a gel state. This slurry, under the pressure of high-pressure water and air flow, can be smoothly sprayed from the channel outlet to the spraying operation area. Furthermore, after being sprayed from the channel outlet and during its journey to the spraying operation area, the composite colloidal material and water undergo further reaction. Upon reaching the spraying operation area, the composite colloidal material and water react to form a wall-adhering gel, allowing the slurry to adhere to the surface of the spraying operation area, thus achieving wall-adhering spraying of the composite colloidal material. After the slurry is sprayed onto the surface of the spraying operation area, the composite colloidal material and water continue to react for a certain period, further increasing the viscosity of the slurry and making the wall adhesion even stronger.

[0016] Furthermore, the water and composite colloidal material required for pulp preparation can be quantitatively introduced into the generation channel in real time. The water, in the form of dispersed air-water mist, mixes with the composite colloidal material within the generation channel. The water and composite colloidal material are thoroughly and uniformly mixed and reacted before being sprayed out. This achieves real-time, small-volume feeding, real-time reaction, and real-time spraying, thus avoiding uneven mixing of water and materials due to excessive material volume and excessively high slurry viscosity due to prolonged reaction time, preventing spraying. Moreover, when the spraying device of this embodiment is used for underground spraying in coal mines, it utilizes pressurized water and compressed air from the underground water supply and compressed air networks as driving forces to achieve material conveying and spraying. The construction process requires no electricity, thereby improving the safety of mine construction.

[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this utility model will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the shotcrete device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A perspective view of the shotcrete device shown from another angle;

[0021] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A partial structural schematic diagram of the shotcrete device shown;

[0022] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A perspective view of the shotcrete generator shown in the image;

[0023] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A perspective view of the shotcrete generator from another angle;

[0024] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 The front view of the shotcrete generator shown;

[0025] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of the shotcrete generator shown along line AA;

[0026] Figure 8 yes Figure 4 An exploded view of the shotcrete generator shown in the image;

[0027] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 A perspective view of the second shotcrete generator shown in the figure;

[0028] Figure 10 yes Figure 8 A perspective view of the first shotcrete generator shown in the figure;

[0029] Figure 11 This is a perspective view of the second shotcrete generator according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 12 This is a front view of a shotcrete generator according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 13 yes Figure 12 A cross-sectional view of the shotcrete generator shown along line BB;

[0032] Figure 14 yes Figure 1 A partial structural schematic diagram of the shotcrete device shown;

[0033] Figure 15 yes Figure 14 A partial structural diagram of the structure shown;

[0034] Figure 16 yes Figure 15 A partial structural diagram of the structure shown;

[0035] Figure 17 Before and after comparison of spraying grout onto a smooth brick wall using the spraying device of this application;

[0036] Figure 18The images show a before-and-after comparison of spraying grout onto a rough wall surface using the spraying device described in this application.

[0037] Figure label:

[0038] Shotcrete device 100; storage tank 10; storage cavity 11; discharge port 111; feeding port 112; shotcrete generator 20; generating channel 201; channel inlet 2011; channel outlet 2012; atomizing chamber 202; atomizing inlet 2021; atomizing outlet 2022; first shotcrete generator 21; first shotcrete generating section 211; second shotcrete generating section 212; first stepped surface 213; annular rib 2131; positioning groove 21311; second shotcrete generator 22; third shotcrete generating section 221; fourth shotcrete generating section 222; inserted shotcrete generating section 2221; extended shotcrete generating section 2222; third stepped surface 2223; second stepped surface 223; baffle 23; first edge 231; second edge 232; third edge 233; fourth edge 234; Reference area 230; First sealing ring 24; Second sealing ring 25; Hanging ring 26; Contraction section 27; Material conveying pipe 31; First air amplifier 32; First high-pressure gas inlet 321; Second air amplifier 33; Second high-pressure gas inlet 331; Pressure reducing valve 41; Water inlet 411; Water outlet 412; Pressure gauge interface 413; Water supply pipe 42; Pressure gauge 43; Distributor 51; First high-pressure gas conveying pipe 52; Second high-pressure gas conveying pipe 53; Third high-pressure gas conveying pipe 54; T-pipe 60; Triangular bracket 71; Universal joint 72; Carrier body 80; Wheel 81; Branch water supply control valve 91; Branch air supply control valve 92; Main water supply control valve 93; Main air supply control valve 94; Individual water supply control valve 95; Individual air supply control valve 96. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0040] See below. Figures 1-13 This invention describes a shotcrete generator 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The shotcrete generator 20 is used for water-material mixing and shotcreting; that is, the shotcrete generator 20 provides a site for water-material mixing and shotcreting, and can also be used for shotcreting. It should be noted that in the following description of this application, the working principle of the shotcrete generator 20 is explained using a powdered composite colloidal material (high-resistance hydrogel) as an example of the shotcrete raw material. However, this application is not limited to this, and the shotcrete generator 20 of this embodiment can also be used for other suitable shotcrete raw materials.

[0041] The existing shotcrete generators in shotcrete equipment are mainly designed for shotcrete materials such as concrete and fly ash, and can basically meet the needs of shotcrete operations using such materials. However, they are no longer suitable for shotcreting composite colloidal materials (high-retention hydrogels) that have significantly different characteristics from shotcrete materials such as concrete and fly ash.

[0042] The composite colloid (high-water-content hydrogel) material is a powdered fire-fighting material. When mixed with water in a certain proportion, it forms a fire-fighting gel with moderate viscosity within seconds. The gel initially exhibits good fluidity and coverage, allowing it to spread and accumulate in a limited space. The viscosity of the gel gradually increases over time, thus demonstrating good adhesion and wall-hanging properties. It can form a dense, high-water-content gel protective layer on the surface of coal (coal wall surface or coal pile surface) and between cracks, providing superior heat absorption and cooling, oxygen isolation and cooling functions, and achieving significant fire prevention and extinguishing effects.

[0043] The viscosity of the gel formed by mixing composite colloidal materials with water in different mass ratios varies. The higher the mass ratio of water to material, the lower the viscosity of the gel and the worse its adhesion to the wall. Conversely, the lower the mass ratio of water to material, the higher the viscosity of the gel and the better its adhesion to the wall.

[0044] Understandably, when composite colloidal materials are used on coal face surfaces (such as the corner walls of coal mining faces or the rear walls of coal mining face frames), a low water-to-material ratio (e.g., a water-to-material mass ratio ranging from 0.5 to 20), high viscosity, and wall-adhering gel is required. Existing spraying devices all use screw pumps to transport the slurry, but screw pumps cannot pump such high-viscosity gels. Therefore, when composite colloidal materials are used on coal face surfaces, the low water-to-material ratio, high viscosity, and wall-adhering gel is mostly applied manually. Obviously, this method is not only inefficient but also poses significant safety risks. For example, when used in the corner areas of coal mining faces, workers face the risk of the corner collapsing at any time.

[0045] Therefore, the application of composite colloidal materials on coal face surfaces is greatly limited. In existing technologies, the main application of composite colloidal materials is still concentrated in drilling and grouting, a method that does not require the grout to adhere to the coal face. A screw pump can be used to inject a high water-to-material ratio (e.g., a water-to-material mass ratio ranging from 50 to 125), low-viscosity grout into fire prevention and extinguishing areas (e.g., goaf areas) through grouting pipelines.

[0046] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application provides a shotcrete generator 20, please refer to... Figures 4-7 as well as Figure 11The spray generator 20 defines a generating channel 201 and an atomizing chamber 202. The generating channel 201 has a channel inlet 2011 and a channel outlet 2012. The atomizing chamber 202 is arranged circumferentially around the generating channel 201. The atomizing chamber 202 has an atomizing inlet 2021 and a plurality of atomizing outlets 2022 spaced apart from each other. The plurality of atomizing outlets 2022 are located between the atomizing chamber 202 and the generating channel 201 and are distributed circumferentially along the generating channel 201. The atomizing chamber 202 and the generating channel 201 are connected through the atomizing outlets 2022.

[0047] The channel inlet 2011 is used to introduce a high-pressure airflow mixed with sprayable raw material (powdered composite colloidal material) into the generating channel 201, and the sprayable raw material is conveyed from the channel inlet 2011 to the channel outlet 2012 under the drive of the high-pressure airflow. In other words, a high-pressure airflow mixed with sprayable raw material can be introduced into the generating channel 201 through the channel inlet 2011. More specifically, the sprayable raw material enters the generating channel 201 through the channel inlet 2011, and the sprayable raw material flows from the channel inlet 2011 into the generating channel 201 under the drive of the high-pressure airflow, and flows towards the channel outlet 2012.

[0048] The atomizing inlet 2021 is used to introduce a high-pressure water-air mixture into the atomizing chamber 202. The high-pressure water-air mixture in the atomizing chamber 202 is dispersed through multiple atomizing outlets 2022 and sprayed into the generating channel 201, flowing towards the channel outlet 2012. In other words, a high-pressure water-air mixture can be introduced into the atomizing chamber 202 through the atomizing inlet 2021. Optionally, there can be only one atomizing inlet 2021, where the high-pressure water flow and high-pressure airflow mix to form a high-pressure water-air mixture before entering the atomizing chamber 202 through the atomizing inlet 2021; or alternatively, there can be multiple atomizing inlets 2021, for example, two atomizing inlets 2021, where the high-pressure water flow enters the atomizing chamber 202 through one atomizing inlet 2021, and the high-pressure airflow enters the atomizing chamber 202 through the other atomizing inlet 2021, where the high-pressure water flow and high-pressure airflow mix to form the high-pressure water-air mixture within the atomizing chamber 202. The high-pressure water-air mixture is dispersed through multiple atomization outlets 2022 and then sprayed into the generation channel 201 to provide the water required for pulping.

[0049] Specifically, the powdered composite colloidal material (i.e., the spraying raw material) enters the generating channel 201 through the channel inlet 2011 under the drive of high-pressure airflow. The water required for pulping enters the generating channel 201 in the form of a dispersed high-pressure water-air mixture (air-water mist). In the generating channel 201, the composite colloidal material and water are mixed and undergo a preliminary reaction to form a slurry between powder and gel. Then, driven by high-pressure water flow and high-pressure airflow, it is sprayed to the spraying operation area through the channel outlet 2012.

[0050] It should be noted that after the composite colloidal material and water react fully, a gel can be formed. However, within the generating channel 201, the composite colloidal material and water only undergo a preliminary reaction to form a slurry between a powder and a gel. The viscosity of this slurry is lower than that of the gel, so it can be smoothly sprayed from the channel outlet 2012 to the shotcrete operation area under the pressure of the high-pressure water flow and high-pressure air flow. During the process of this slurry between the powder and gel being sprayed from the channel outlet 2012 to reaching the shotcrete operation area, the composite colloidal material and water will undergo further reaction. When it reaches the shotcrete operation area, the composite colloidal material and water can react to form a wall-adhering gel, so that the slurry can adhere to the surface of the shotcrete operation area, thereby achieving wall-adhering shotcrete of the composite colloidal material. After the slurry is sprayed onto the surface of the shotcrete operation area, the composite colloidal material and water will continue to react for a certain period of time, further increasing the viscosity of the slurry and making the wall adhesion even stronger.

[0051] In other words, during shotcreting operations, the reaction between the composite colloidal material and water occurs in three stages. The first stage is during the mixing process with water within the generating channel 201, where the composite colloidal material and water undergo only a preliminary reaction to form a low-viscosity slurry, somewhere between powder and gel, which can be sprayed out under the drive of high-pressure water and airflow. The second stage occurs before the slurry reaches the surface of the shotcreting area, after being sprayed from the channel outlet 2012 of the generating channel 201. During this stage, the composite colloidal material and water further react to form a medium-viscosity, gel-like slurry that can adhere to the walls. The third stage occurs within a certain time after reaching the surface of the shotcreting area, where the composite colloidal material and water further react to form a high-viscosity slurry that adheres more firmly to the walls.

[0052] The conveying of pulping raw materials and the driving force for shotcreting are the pressures of high-pressure airflow and high-pressure waterflow. The pressures of the high-pressure waterflow and high-pressure airflow must meet the power requirements for material conveying and shotcreting. Optionally, the pressure of the high-pressure waterflow is not less than 0.3 MPa, and the pressure of the high-pressure airflow is not less than 0.5 MPa. This ensures the power requirements for material conveying and shotcreting are met.

[0053] High-pressure airflow is provided by a high-pressure air source, and high-pressure water flow is provided by a high-pressure water source. When the shotcrete generator 20 of this embodiment is used in an underground coal mine, the high-pressure water source can be high-pressure water in the underground coal mine water supply network. The high-pressure air source can be compressed air in the underground coal mine compressed air network. Therefore, when the shotcrete generator 20 of this embodiment is used in an underground coal mine, the pressurized water and compressed air in the underground coal mine water supply network and compressed air network can provide material conveying and shotcrete power for the shotcrete generator 20, eliminating the need for electric drive, thereby improving the installability and reliability of mine construction.

[0054] It should be noted that in this application, the shotcrete generator 20 is used for shotcrete in underground coal mines, and the high-pressure water source and high-pressure air source are respectively the pressurized water and compressed air in the underground coal mine water supply network and compressed air network, respectively, as an example for illustrative purposes. However, this application is not limited to this. When the shotcrete generator 20 of this application is used for shotcrete fire prevention and extinguishing work on coal piles in coal yards, the high-pressure water source and high-pressure air source will be selected according to the on-site construction conditions.

[0055] According to the spraying generator 20 of this utility model embodiment, the water required for slurry preparation is dispersed and sprayed into the generation channel 201 in the form of a high-pressure water-air mixture (air-water mist) through multiple atomization outlets 2022. Within the generation channel 201, it mixes with the composite colloidal material and undergoes a preliminary reaction to form a slurry between a powder and a gel state. This slurry, under the pressure of the high-pressure water flow and high-pressure air flow, can be smoothly sprayed out from the channel outlet 2012 to the spraying operation area. Furthermore, after being sprayed out from the channel outlet 2012 and during its journey to the spraying operation area, the composite colloidal material and water undergo further reaction. Upon reaching the spraying operation area, the composite colloidal material and water react to form a wall-adhering gel, allowing the slurry to adhere to the surface of the spraying operation area, thus achieving wall-adhering spraying of the composite colloidal material. After the slurry is sprayed onto the surface of the spraying operation area, the composite colloidal material and water continue to react for a certain period, further increasing the viscosity of the slurry and making the wall adhesion even stronger.

[0056] Furthermore, the water and composite colloidal material required for pulp preparation can be quantitatively introduced into the generating channel 201 in real time. The water required for pulp preparation mixes with the composite colloidal material in the generating channel in the form of dispersed air-water mist. The water and composite colloidal material can be fully and uniformly mixed and initially reacted in the generating channel 201 before being sprayed out. This achieves real-time small-volume feeding, real-time reaction, and real-time spraying, thereby avoiding uneven water-material mixing due to excessive material quantity and excessively high slurry viscosity due to excessive reaction time, which prevents spraying. Moreover, when the spraying device 100 of this application embodiment is used for underground spraying in coal mines, it uses pressurized water and compressed air in the underground water supply network and compressed air network of the coal mine as driving force to realize material transportation and spraying. The construction process does not require electricity, thereby improving the safety of mine construction.

[0057] Based on this, this application also discloses a shotcrete device 100 and a shotcrete method using the shotcrete device 100. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 1-16 The shotcrete device 100 in this embodiment includes: a storage tank 10, a shotcrete generator 20, a negative pressure material extraction assembly, a water supply assembly, and an air supply assembly. The shotcrete generator 20 is the same as the shotcrete generator described in the previous embodiment.

[0058] Please see Figures 1-2 as well as Figures 14-15 The storage tank 10 defines a storage cavity 11 suitable for storing composite colloidal materials. The storage tank 10 has a feeding port 112 and a discharging port 111 communicating with the storage cavity 11. The composite colloidal material (high-resistance hydrogel) is a powder material, which can be added to the storage cavity 11 through the feeding port 112, and discharged from the storage cavity 11 through the discharging port 111. The feeding port 112 can be located at the top of the storage tank 10, and the discharging port 111 can be located at the bottom of the storage tank 10. Optionally, the top of the storage tank 10 can be provided with a cover (not shown) for sealing the feeding port 112. When adding material, the cover is opened; after adding material, the cover is closed, thereby reducing dust generation. The cover is breathable, which can prevent negative pressure from occurring in the storage cavity 11 and affecting material discharge. The discharging port 111 communicates with the channel inlet 2011 of the spray generator 20.

[0059] Please continue reading. Figures 1-2 as well as Figures 14-15 The shotcrete device 100 may also include a carrier body 80, which is equipped with wheels 81. The storage box 10 is supported and fixed on the carrier body 80, which facilitates the movement of the storage box 10.

[0060] A negative pressure material extraction component is located between the outlet 111 and the channel inlet 2011 to drive the composite colloidal material in the storage chamber 11 to be conveyed from the outlet 111 toward the channel inlet 2011. A water supply component is adapted to connect the atomizing inlet 2021 and a high-pressure water source. An air supply component is adapted to connect the atomizing inlet 2021 and a high-pressure air source, as well as to connect the negative pressure material extraction component and the high-pressure air source. That is, the atomizing inlet 2021 and the high-pressure air source can be connected via the air supply component, and the negative pressure material extraction component and the high-pressure air source can also be connected via the air supply component.

[0061] A high-pressure gas source supplies high-pressure gas to the negative pressure material extraction component through the gas supply assembly, providing ejection power to the negative pressure material extraction component. The ejection effect of the high-speed airflow generates a driving force that propels the composite colloidal material from the outlet 111 towards the channel inlet 2011. This allows the high-pressure airflow mixed with the sprayed material to enter the generating channel 201 through the channel inlet 2011.

[0062] A high-pressure gas source delivers high-pressure airflow to the atomizing inlet 2021 through the gas supply component, and a high-pressure water source delivers high-pressure water flow to the atomizing inlet 2021 through the water supply component, so as to realize the introduction of high-pressure water-air mixed fluid into the atomizing chamber 202 through the atomizing inlet 2021.

[0063] Shotcrete methods include:

[0064] The water supply assembly delivers a metered amount of water for pulping to the atomization inlet 2021, while the air supply assembly delivers high-pressure gas to the atomization inlet 2021, thus introducing a high-pressure water-air mixture (high-pressure air-water mist) into the atomization chamber 202. In other words, a high-pressure water source provides a high-pressure water flow to the atomization inlet 2021 through the water supply assembly, and a high-pressure air source provides a high-pressure airflow to the atomization inlet 2021 through the air supply assembly, thereby forming a high-pressure water-air mixture (high-pressure air-water mist) within the atomization chamber 202. This high-pressure water-air mixture is then dispersed through multiple atomization outlets 2022 and sprayed into the generation channel 201.

[0065] The negative pressure material extraction component quantitatively delivers the composite colloidal material stored in the storage chamber 11 to the generating channel 201. In the generating channel 201, the composite colloidal material and the high-pressure water-air mixture are mixed and initially reacted to form a slurry between powder and gel, which is then sprayed from the channel outlet 2012 to the shotcrete operation area.

[0066] It should be noted that the high-pressure gas source, supplied by the gas supply assembly to the negative pressure material extraction assembly, mixes with the composite colloidal material and enters the generating channel 201. In other words, the composite colloidal material is mixed in the high-pressure gas flow and enters the generating channel 201 under the drive of the high-pressure gas flow. Inside the generating channel 201, after the water and composite colloidal material react and mix, they are sprayed towards the shotcrete operation area through the channel outlet 2012 under the combined action of water and gas pressure.

[0067] By metering the water required for pulping towards the atomizing inlet 2021 through the water supply component and supplying high-pressure gas towards the atomizing inlet 2021 through the air supply component, the water and high-pressure gas required for pulping are mixed and exist in the form of a high-pressure water-gas mixture (high-pressure gas-water mist) within the atomizing chamber 202. This mixture is then dispersed through multiple atomizing outlets 2022 and sprayed into the generating channel 201. The composite colloidal material stored in the storage tank 10 is transported to the generating channel 201 under the drive of the high-pressure airflow, where it mixes with the water-gas mixture (high-pressure gas-water mist) sprayed into the generating channel 201 from the atomizing outlets 2022 and undergoes a preliminary reaction. Clearly, the water and material can be mixed uniformly within the generating channel 201.

[0068] The table below shows the experimental data of spraying mortar using the methods described in this application on smooth brick walls and rough walls, respectively. The composite colloid material used is a composite colloid material produced by Xuzhou Ji'an Mining Technology Co., Ltd.

[0069]

[0070] Based on the table above and in conjunction with reference Figures 17-18 , Figure 17These are before-and-after comparison images of applying the spraying method of this application to a smooth brick wall surface using spraying techniques. Figure 18 The table above shows a before-and-after comparison of spraying the proposed spraying method on a rough wall surface. The water supply volume in the table represents the flow rate Q1 of water supplied by the water supply component to the atomizing inlet 2021 for slurry preparation. The material suction volume in the table represents the flow rate Q2 of the composite colloid material supplied by the negative pressure material extraction component into the generating channel 201. When the composite colloid material is used for spraying on smooth brick walls, the ratio Q1 / Q2 between the water supply component's flow rate Q1 and the negative pressure material extraction component's flow rate Q2 is 0.54. When the composite colloid material is used for spraying on rough walls, the ratio Q1 / Q2 is 4.32.

[0071] Understandably, the ratio Q1 / Q2 between the flow rate Q1 of the water supply component conveying the water required for pulping towards the atomizing inlet 2021 and the flow rate Q2 of the composite colloidal material conveying the negative pressure extraction component into the generating channel 201 is the water-material mixing mass ratio within the generating channel. By adjusting the flow rate Q1 of the water supply component conveying the water required for pulping towards the atomizing inlet 2021 and the flow rate Q2 of the negative pressure extraction component conveying the composite colloidal material into the generating channel 201, different water-material mixing mass ratios can be obtained, thereby meeting the slurry spraying requirements of walls with different roughness.

[0072] In some embodiments of this application, the shotcrete operation area is the corner area of ​​the coal mining face. That is to say, the shotcrete method using composite colloidal materials in the embodiments of this application can be used for shotcreting the walls of the corner area of ​​the coal mining face.

[0073] Corner management has always been a challenge in the safety management of fully mechanized mining faces. Current technologies primarily employ methods such as installing windbreak curtains and constructing windbreak walls to plug leaks. However, corners are constantly changing as the face advances; after each cut of coal, the support structure is moved, causing the windbreak curtains to be damaged by external forces and rendered ineffective. This necessitates dedicated personnel for maintenance each shift. Furthermore, the construction of windbreak curtains is limited by the space and shape of the corner, leading to issues with incomplete roof connection and deformation under roof pressure, creating new air leakage fissures and causing excessive gas levels in the corner. This application proposes a spraying method that involves spraying a gel-like slurry onto the walls of the corner area of ​​the coal mining face. This forms a dense protective gel layer with superior oxygen-barrier properties, effectively plugging leaks and preventing fires in the corners of the coal mining face. The construction is convenient, and the shotcrete method of this application can achieve a long shotcrete distance, allowing shotcrete operations to be carried out in corner areas from a safe area outside the corner area, thereby improving the safety of the construction process.

[0074] In some embodiments of this application, the shotcrete operation area is the area behind the coal mining face. That is, the shotcrete method using composite colloidal materials in the embodiments of this application can be used for shotcreting the walls of the area behind the coal mining face. Of course, this application is not limited to this; the shotcrete operation area can also be other exposed coal bodies, such as coal piles.

[0075] Please refer to some embodiments of this utility model. Figures 1-2The negative pressure material extraction assembly includes a material conveying pipe 31, a first air amplifier 32, and a second air amplifier 33. The material conveying pipe 31 includes a material conveying inlet and a material conveying outlet. The material conveying inlet is connected to the discharge port 111, and the material conveying outlet is connected to the channel inlet 2011. That is, the discharge port 111 and the channel inlet 2011 of the storage tank 10 are connected through the material conveying pipe 31. The first air amplifier 32 has a first suction port, a first blowing port, and a first high-pressure gas inlet 321. The first suction port is connected to the discharge port 111, and the first blowing port is connected to the material conveying inlet. The second air amplifier 33 has a second suction port, a second blowing port, and a second high-pressure gas inlet 331. The second suction port is connected to the material conveying outlet, and the second blowing port is connected to the channel inlet 2011. Both the first high-pressure gas inlet 321 and the second high-pressure gas inlet 331 are connected to the air supply assembly. The first high-pressure gas inlet 321 and the second high-pressure gas inlet 331 can both be connected to the underground compressed air pipeline network of the coal mine through the air supply assembly, so that the compressed air in the underground compressed air pipeline network of the coal mine can be... The first high-pressure gas inlet 321 and the second high-pressure gas inlet 331 enter the first air amplifier 32 and the second air amplifier 33 respectively. Compressed air provides ejection power to the first air amplifier 32 and the second air amplifier 33, thereby causing the composite colloidal material in the storage tank 10 to be discharged from the outlet 111 and then drawn into the first air amplifier 32 through the first suction port, and then blown into the conveying pipe 31 through the first blowout port. The composite colloidal material blown into the conveying pipe 31 is then drawn into the second air amplifier 33 through the second suction port, and then blown into the generating channel 201 through the second blowout port, driven by the second air amplifier 33. In other words, the negative pressure material extraction component of this application realizes the extraction and conveying of composite colloidal material through the suction relay of the first air amplifier 32 and the second air amplifier 33. It has a simple structure and strong driving force.

[0076] Of course, this application is not limited to this. At least one more air amplifier can be connected in series between the first air amplifier 32 and the second air amplifier 33. In this way, the overall suction force of the negative pressure suction assembly is greater, the suction distance is longer, and the suction process is smoother.

[0077] Further, please refer to Figures 1-2 as well as Figures 14-16The gas supply assembly includes a distributor 51, a first high-pressure gas delivery pipe 52, a second high-pressure gas delivery pipe 53, and a third high-pressure gas delivery pipe 54. The distributor 51 includes an input port, a first output port, a second output port, and a third output port. The input port is adapted to connect to a high-pressure gas source. The first high-pressure gas delivery pipe 52 connects the first output port and the first high-pressure gas inlet 321. The second high-pressure gas delivery pipe 53 connects the second output port and the second high-pressure gas inlet 331. The third high-pressure gas delivery pipe 54 connects the third output port and the atomizing inlet 2021. Thus, the first high-pressure gas inlet 321 and the high-pressure gas source can be connected via the first high-pressure gas delivery pipe 52, the second high-pressure gas inlet 331 and the high-pressure gas source can be connected via the second high-pressure gas delivery pipe 53, and the high-pressure gas source and the atomizing inlet 2021 can be connected via the third high-pressure gas delivery pipe 54. By including a distributor 51 with one inlet and three outlets in the gas supply assembly, the connection between the high-pressure gas source and the first high-pressure gas inlet 321, the second high-pressure gas inlet 331 and the atomizing inlet 2021 can be realized, thereby making the overall structure of the spraying device 100 simple and convenient for connection and maintenance.

[0078] Of course, the connection between the high-pressure gas source and the first high-pressure gas inlet 321, the second high-pressure gas inlet 331, and the atomizing inlet 2021 in this application is not limited to the above connection method and can be arbitrarily selected according to actual needs. For example, in some other embodiments, the gas supply assembly may include two distributors with one inlet and two outlets. The inlet of one distributor is connected to the high-pressure gas source, and the two outlets are respectively connected to the atomizing inlet 2021 and the inlet of the other distributor. The two outlets of the other distributor are respectively connected to the first high-pressure gas inlet 321 and the second high-pressure gas inlet 331.

[0079] Further, please refer to Figures 1-2 as well as Figures 15-16The water supply assembly includes a pressure reducing valve 41, a water supply pipe 42, and a pressure gauge 43. The pressure reducing valve 41 has an inlet 411, an outlet 412, and a pressure gauge interface 413. The inlet 411 is suitable for connecting to a high-pressure water source. The outlet 412 is connected to one end of the water supply pipe 42. The pressure gauge interface 413 is connected to the pressure gauge 43. The other end of the water supply pipe 42 is connected to the atomizing inlet 2021. The high-pressure water source and the atomizing inlet 2021 are connected through the water supply pipe 42. The pressure reducing valve 41 is used to regulate the water pressure in the water supply pipe 42. On the one hand, it can prevent the pipeline from being damaged by excessive water pressure. On the other hand, it can adjust the water flow rate in the water supply pipe 42 as needed, thereby adjusting the mass ratio of water and composite colloidal material mixed in the generating channel 201. Optionally, the water supply assembly may also include a filter device (not shown in the figure), which is located before the high-pressure water source and the inlet 411. In this way, the high-pressure water source enters the atomization chamber 202 through the pressure reducing valve and the water supply pipe 42 after being filtered, thereby preventing impurities in the high-pressure water source from damaging the pressure reducing valve 41 or clogging the atomization inlet 2021 and the atomization outlet 2022.

[0080] In some other embodiments, the water supply assembly may not include the pressure reducing valve described above.

[0081] In some other embodiments, the water supply assembly may not include the pressure gauge described above.

[0082] For further information, please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 1-2 as well as Figures 15-16 The shotcrete device 100 also includes: a branch water supply control valve 91, a main water supply control valve 93, and a main air supply control valve 94. The branch water supply control valve 91 is located between the other end of the water supply pipe 42 and the atomizing inlet 2021. The main water supply control valve 93 is located between the water inlet 411 and the high-pressure water source. The main air supply control valve 94 is located between the input port and the high-pressure air source. The main water supply control valve 93 and the main air supply control valve 94 form a double valve. That is, the main water supply control valve 93 controls the on / off connection between the water inlet 411 and the high-pressure water source, and the main air supply control valve 94 controls the on / off connection between the input port and the high-pressure air source. The main water supply control valve 93 and the main air supply control valve 94 form a double valve, allowing for simultaneous opening or closing of the main water supply control valve 93 and the main air supply control valve 94 during shotcrete operations, making operation convenient and precise. The branch water supply control valve 91 controls the on / off connection between the water supply pipe 42 and the atomizing inlet 2021.

[0083] Based on this, the shotcreting method also includes: after shotcreting is completed, first close the branch water supply control valve 91, and after an interval of 0.5s to 1s, close the main water supply control valve 93 and the main air supply control valve 94. When the branch water supply control valve 91 is closed, water can no longer enter the atomization chamber 202 through the atomization inlet 2021, at which point the water supply to the shotcrete generator 20 stops; when the main water supply control valve 93 and the main air supply control valve 94, which constitute a double valve, are closed, air can no longer enter the shotcrete generator 20, at which point the air supply to the shotcrete generator 20 also stops. That is to say, after shotcreting is completed, the water and air supply to the shotcrete generator 20 stop asynchronously, with the water supply stopping first for 0.5s to 1s (e.g., 0.5s, 0.6s, 0.7s, 0.8s, or 1.0s, etc.), and then the air supply stops. In this way, when the branch water supply control valve 91 is closed (water supply is stopped), the water remaining in the atomization chamber 202 and generation channel 201 of the shotcrete generator 20 can be completely discharged through the channel outlet 2012 under pneumatic drive, preventing the water remaining in the shotcrete generator 20 from flowing back into the conveying pipe 31 through the channel inlet 2011. As a result, in the next round of shotcreting operation, the composite colloidal material reacts with water in the conveying pipe 31 to form a gel and block the conveying pipe 31.

[0084] Of course, this application is not limited to this. In some other embodiments, the main water supply control valve 93 and the main air supply control valve 94 may not be a double valve. The main water supply control valve 93 and the main air supply control valve 94 can be controlled separately, thus eliminating the need for the aforementioned branch water supply control valve 91. Based on this, after the shotcreting is completed, the main water supply control valve 93 is closed first, and after an interval of 0.5s to 1s, the main air supply control valve 94 is closed.

[0085] In some embodiments, when there is only one atomizing inlet 2021, the water supply component, the air supply component, and the atomizing inlet 2021 can be connected by a T-connector 60, thereby achieving communication between the water supply component and the atomizing inlet 2021, and between the air supply component and the atomizing inlet 2021. Specifically, as Figures 1-3 As shown, the water supply pipe 42, the third high-pressure gas delivery pipe 54, and the atomization inlet 2021 can be connected by a three-way pipe 60, thereby achieving communication between the water supply pipe 42 and the atomization inlet 2021, as well as between the third high-pressure gas delivery pipe 54 and the atomization inlet 2021. The connection is simple and convenient. Based on this, the water and high-pressure gas required for pulping are already mixed to form a gas-water mist before entering the atomization chamber 202 (within the three-way pipe 60).

[0086] In other embodiments, when there are multiple atomizing inlets 2021, such as two atomizing inlets 2021, one atomizing inlet 2021 is connected to a water supply assembly to deliver water required for pulping into the atomizing chamber 202, and the other atomizing inlet 2021 is connected to a gas supply assembly to deliver high-pressure gas into the atomizing chamber 202. The water required for pulping and the high-pressure gas form a water mist after entering the atomizing chamber 202.

[0087] Optionally, please refer to Figures 15-16 The shotcrete device 100 also includes a branch air supply control valve 92, which is located between the first output port and the first high-pressure gas inlet 321. By controlling the opening of the branch air supply control valve 92, the pressure of the high-pressure gas entering the first air amplifier 32 through the first high-pressure gas inlet 321 can be controlled, thereby controlling the suction of the first air amplifier 32, and further controlling the flow rate of the composite colloidal material conveyed in the conveying pipe 31. This allows for flexible adjustment of the water-material mixing ratio in the generating channel 201 and the output of shotcrete during the shotcrete operation.

[0088] Alternatively, please continue reading Figures 15-16 The shotcrete device 100 also includes a separate water supply control valve 95 and a separate air supply control valve 96. The separate water supply control valve 95 is located between the high-pressure water source and the main water supply control valve 93, and the separate air supply control valve 96 is located between the high-pressure air source and the main air supply control valve 94. Understandably, during equipment maintenance, water supply, and air supply testing, separate water supply or separate air supply is usually required. The separate water supply control valve 95 and the separate air supply control valve 96 enable separate water supply and separate air supply for the shotcrete device 100. Specifically, when separate water supply is required, the main water supply control valve 93 and the main air supply control valve 94, which constitute a double valve, are in the open state, the separate water supply control valve 95 is opened, and the separate air supply control valve 96 is closed. However, when separate air supply is required, the main water supply control valve 93 and the main air supply control valve 94, which constitute a double valve, are in the open state, the separate air supply control valve 96 is opened, and the separate water supply control valve 95 is closed.

[0089] In some embodiments of this application, a turbulence structure is provided within the generating channel 201, and at least a portion of the turbulence structure is located between the atomization outlet 2022 and the channel outlet 2012. In some embodiments, please refer to... Figure 7 A portion of the turbulence structure is located between the atomization outlet 2022 and the channel outlet 2012, and a portion is located between the atomization outlet 2022 and the channel inlet 2011; in some embodiments, please refer to Figure 11The entire turbulence structure is located between the atomization outlet 2022 and the channel outlet 2012. By setting the turbulence structure in the generating channel 201, the composite colloidal material and water will collide and contact more fully under the turbulence effect of the turbulence structure after entering the generating channel 201, so that the composite colloidal material and water can be mixed more evenly in the generating channel 201.

[0090] Further, please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 11 The turbulence structure includes multiple turbulence baffles 23, which are circumferentially spaced on the inner wall of the generating channel 201. Each turbulence baffle 23 is a curved panel structure. Each turbulence baffle 23 has a first edge 231 and a second edge 232 opposite each other in the axial direction of the generating channel 201, and a third edge 233 and a fourth edge 234 opposite each other in the radial direction of the generating channel 201. The second edge 232 is located on the side of the first edge 231 away from the channel inlet 2011, and the third edge 233 is located on the side of the fourth edge 234 away from the central axis of the generating channel 201. Each adjacent One of the two baffles 23 has a first edge 231, and the other has a second edge 232, both extending towards the reference reference region 230 in the direction from the third edge 233 to the fourth edge 234. The second edge 232 and the first edge 231 of the baffle 23 extend away from the reference reference region 230 in the direction from the third edge 233 to the fourth edge 234. The reference reference region 230 is the inner peripheral wall of the generating channel 201 located between the two adjacent baffles 23. Therefore, the turbulence structure provides better turbulence for water-material mixing, allowing for more thorough mixing of the water and materials within the generating channel 201. Optionally, the baffles 23 can be fixed to the inner wall of the generating channel 201 by welding, bolting, or integral molding.

[0091] Further, please refer to Figure 7 The second edge 232 is located within the generating channel 201, and the distance L between the second edge 232 and the channel outlet 2012 is greater than or equal to 30mm. That is, the distance L between the second edge 232 and the channel outlet 2012 can be 30mm, 31mm, 32mm, 33mm, 34mm, or 35mm, etc. Understandably, while the turbulence structure plays a role in thoroughly mixing the water and materials within the generating channel 201, it also disperses the water and the slurry formed by the reaction. By ensuring that the distance L between the second edge 232 and the channel outlet 2012 is greater than or equal to 30mm, the slurry can be gathered before being sprayed from the channel outlet 2012 to the shotcrete operation area, resulting in a more concentrated slurry and a longer spraying distance.

[0092] Optionally, please refer to Figures 12-13 The shotcrete generator 20 may also be provided with a contraction section 27 at the channel outlet 2012, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the contraction section 27 decreases in the direction away from the channel outlet 2012. During shotcreting, the slurry formed by the mixing and initial reaction of water and materials in the generation channel 201 is contracted and gathered through the contraction section 27 before being sprayed towards the shotcrete operation area, which can make the shotcrete distance farther.

[0093] In some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figures 4-10 The shotcrete generator 20 includes a first shotcrete generator 21 and a second shotcrete generator 22 that are detachably connected. Both the first shotcrete generator 21 and the second shotcrete generator 22 are annular cylindrical. One end of the second shotcrete generator 22 is inserted into one end of the first shotcrete generator 21. A portion of the generating channel 201 is formed in the first shotcrete generator 21, and the other portion of the generating channel 201 is formed in the second shotcrete generator 22. A turbulence structure is provided in the second shotcrete generator 22. A channel inlet 2011 is formed at the other end of the first shotcrete generator 21, and a channel outlet 2012 is formed at the other end of the second shotcrete generator 22. An atomizing chamber 202 is formed between one end of the first shotcrete generator 21 and one end of the second shotcrete generator 22. An atomizing outlet 2022 is provided on the peripheral wall of the second shotcrete generator 22 and penetrates the peripheral wall of the second shotcrete generator 22. An atomizing inlet 2021 is provided on the peripheral wall of the first shotcrete generator 21. By including a first shotcrete generator 21 and a second shotcrete generator 22 that are detachably connected, the shotcrete generator 20 has a simple structure and is easy to disassemble and clean.

[0094] Optionally, please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 9 The angle α between the centerline of the atomizing outlet 2022 and the central axis of the generating channel 201 ranges from 30° to 60°. That is, the angle α between the centerline of the atomizing outlet 2022 and the central axis of the generating channel 201 is greater than or equal to 30° and less than or equal to 60°. For example, the angle α can be 30°, 35°, 40°, 45°, 50°, 55°, or 60°. By making the angle α between the centerline of the atomizing outlet 2022 and the central axis of the generating channel 201 range from 30° to 60°, the high-pressure water-air mixture in the atomizing chamber 202 enters the generating channel 201 through the atomizing outlet 2022, allowing for better mixing with the composite colloidal material entering the generating channel 201 through the channel inlet 2011, resulting in a more complete reaction.

[0095] Optionally, the diameter of the atomizing outlet 2022 ranges from 3mm to 5mm. That is, the diameter of the atomizing outlet 2022 is greater than or equal to 3mm and less than or equal to 5mm. For example, the diameter of the atomizing outlet 2022 can be 3mm, 3.5mm, 4.0mm, 4.5mm, or 5.0mm, etc. By making the diameter of the atomizing outlet 2022 range from 3mm to 5mm, not only can the high-pressure water-air mixture in the atomizing chamber 202 smoothly enter the generating channel 201, but the water material can also be ensured to be mixed evenly in the generating channel 201.

[0096] For further information, please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 4-10 The first shotcrete generating element 21 includes a first shotcrete generating section 211 and a second shotcrete generating section 212 connected to each other. The inner diameter d1 of the first shotcrete generating section 211 is smaller than the inner diameter d2 of the second shotcrete generating section 212. A first step surface 213 is formed between the inner peripheral wall of the first shotcrete generating section 211 and the inner peripheral wall of the second shotcrete generating section 212. The channel inlet 2011 is formed at the end of the first shotcrete generating section 211 away from the second shotcrete generating section 212. The second spraying element 22 includes a third spraying section 221 and a fourth spraying section 222 connected to each other. A channel outlet 2012 is formed at the end of the fourth spraying section 222 away from the third spraying section 221. The outer diameter D1 of the third spraying section 221 is smaller than the outer diameter D2 of the fourth spraying section 222. A second step surface 223 is formed between the outer peripheral wall of the third spraying section 221 and the outer peripheral wall of the fourth spraying section 222. A plurality of atomizing outlets 2022 are all provided on the second step surface 223 and penetrate the second step surface 223. In this design, the outer diameter D1 of the third spraying section 221 is smaller than the inner diameter d2 of the second spraying section 212. The third spraying section 221 is clearance-fitted within the second spraying section 212. The end of the third spraying section 221 furthest from the fourth spraying section 222 is supported on the first stepped surface 213. At least a portion of the fourth spraying section 222 is sealed within the second spraying section 212. An atomizing chamber 202 is defined between the outer peripheral wall of the third spraying section 221, the inner peripheral wall of the second spraying section 212, the first stepped surface 213, and the second stepped surface 223. The atomizing inlet 2021 is located on the peripheral wall of the second spraying section 212. This design simplifies the structure of the spraying generator 20 and facilitates its production.

[0097] Further, please refer to Figures 7-8 and Figure 10 A first sealing ring 24 is provided between the third spraying section 221 and the first step surface 213. By setting the first sealing ring 24, the sealing performance of the atomizing chamber 202 can be improved, and water leakage from the atomizing chamber 202 can be avoided.

[0098] Further, please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 10 The edge of the inner peripheral wall of the first step surface 213 away from the second spraying section 212 is provided with an annular rib 2131 protruding in the direction away from the channel inlet 2011. An annular positioning groove 21311 is defined between the annular rib 2131, the first step surface 213 and the inner peripheral wall of the second spraying section 212. The first sealing ring 24 is disposed in the positioning groove 21311. By setting the positioning groove 21311, the installation and positioning of the first sealing ring 24 are accurate and stable.

[0099] Optionally, the fourth shotcrete generating section 222 and the second shotcrete generating section 212 are threaded together, thereby enabling the connection between the first shotcrete generating component 21 and the second shotcrete generating component 22. The connection is stable and reliable, and easy to disassemble and assemble. At the same time, it also enables the sealing connection between the fourth shotcrete generating section 222 and the second shotcrete generating section 212.

[0100] Furthermore, Figures 7-8 The fourth spraying section 222 includes an insert spraying section 2221 and an extendable spraying section 2222 connected to each other. The insert spraying section 2221 is sealed and fitted inside the second spraying section 212, and the extendable spraying section 2222 is located outside the second spraying section 212. The outer diameter of the insert spraying section 2221 is smaller than the outer diameter of the extendable spraying section 2222. A third step surface 2223 is provided between the insert spraying section 2221 and the extendable spraying section 2222. The third step surface 2223 is opposite to the end face of the second spraying section 212, and a second sealing ring 25 is provided between the third step surface 2223 and the end face of the second spraying section 212, thereby further improving the sealing performance of the atomizing chamber 202.

[0101] Please see Figures 1-3 The shotcrete device 100 may further include a tripod bracket 71 and a universal joint 72. The shotcrete generator 20 is supported on the tripod bracket 71, and the shotcrete generator 20 and the tripod bracket 71 are connected by the universal joint 72. In this way, by supporting the shotcrete generator 20 on the tripod bracket 71, the operator does not need to lift the shotcrete generator 20 during shotcreting, making operation easier and more convenient. Furthermore, the shotcrete generator 20 and the tripod bracket 71 are connected by the universal joint 72, allowing the shotcrete generator 20 to rotate relative to the tripod bracket 71. During shotcreting operations, when the shotcrete direction needs to be adjusted, there is no need to move the tripod bracket 71; adjustment can be made simply by rotating the shotcrete generator 20. Please continue reading. Figures 1-3 The shotcrete generator 20 is equipped with hanging rings 26 on both sides. During the shotcrete operation, the shotcrete generator 20 can be operated by holding the hanging rings 26.

[0102] Of course, this application is not limited to this. In some other embodiments, the shotcrete device 100 may not include the above-mentioned triangular bracket 71 and universal joint 72 for support and positioning. The shotcrete generator 20 can be suspended on the coal mining face support by a hoisting strap.

[0103] In the description of this utility model, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0104] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0105] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0106] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0107] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A shotcrete generator, characterized in that, The shotcrete generator defines a generating channel and an atomizing chamber. The generating channel has a channel inlet and a channel outlet. The atomizing chamber is arranged circumferentially around the generating channel and has an atomizing inlet and multiple atomizing outlets spaced apart from each other. The multiple atomizing outlets are located between the atomizing chamber and the generating channel and are distributed circumferentially along the generating channel. The atomizing chamber and the generating channel are connected through the atomizing outlets. The channel inlet is used to introduce a high-pressure airflow mixed with shotcrete material into the generating channel, and the shotcrete material is transported from the channel inlet to the channel outlet under the drive of the high-pressure airflow. The atomizing inlet is used to introduce a high-pressure water-air mixture into the atomizing chamber, and the high-pressure water-air mixture in the atomizing chamber is dispersed through multiple atomizing outlets and sprayed into the generating channel and flows toward the channel outlet.

2. The shotcrete generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The generating channel is provided with a turbulence structure, and at least a portion of the turbulence structure is located between the atomization outlet and the channel outlet. The turbulence structure includes multiple turbulence baffles, which are circumferentially spaced on the inner wall of the generating channel.

3. The shotcrete generator according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned baffles is a curved panel structure, and each of the aforementioned baffles has a first edge and a second edge opposite each other in the axial direction of the generating channel, and a third edge and a fourth edge opposite each other in the radial direction of the generating channel. The second edge is located on the side of the first edge away from the channel inlet, and the third edge is located on the side of the fourth edge away from the central axis of the generating channel. The first edge of one of the two adjacent baffles and the second edge of the other baffle both curve and extend toward the reference reference area in the direction from the third edge to the fourth edge, while the second edge of one baffle and the first edge of the other baffle both curve and extend away from the reference reference area in the direction from the third edge to the fourth edge. The reference area is the inner peripheral wall of the generating channel located between the two adjacent turbulence baffles.

4. The shotcrete generator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The turbulence baffle has a first edge and a second edge opposite to each other in the axial direction of the generating channel. The second edge is located on the side of the first edge away from the channel inlet. The second edge is located inside the generating channel, and the distance L between the second edge and the channel outlet is greater than 30 mm.

5. The shotcrete generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shotcrete generator includes a first shotcrete generating element and a second shotcrete generating element detachably connected to each other. Both the first and second shotcrete generating elements are annular cylindrical in shape. One end of the second shotcrete generating element is inserted into one end of the first shotcrete generating element. A portion of the generating channel is formed within the first shotcrete generating element, and another portion of the generating channel is formed within the second shotcrete generating element. The channel inlet is formed at the other end of the first shotcrete generating element, and the channel outlet is formed at the other end of the second shotcrete generating element. The atomizing chamber is formed between one end of the first spraying component and one end of the second spraying component. The atomizing outlet is located on and penetrates the peripheral wall of the second spraying component. The atomizing inlet is located on the peripheral wall of the first spraying component.

6. The shotcrete generator according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first shotcrete generating component includes a first shotcrete generating section and a second shotcrete generating section connected to each other. The inner diameter d1 of the first shotcrete generating section is smaller than the inner diameter d2 of the second shotcrete generating section. A first stepped surface is formed between the inner peripheral wall of the first shotcrete generating section and the inner peripheral wall of the second shotcrete generating section. The channel inlet is formed at the end of the first shotcrete generating section away from the second shotcrete generating section. The second spraying element includes a third spraying section and a fourth spraying section connected to each other. The channel outlet is formed at the end of the fourth spraying section away from the third spraying section. The outer diameter D1 of the third spraying section is smaller than the outer diameter D2 of the fourth spraying section. A second stepped surface is formed between the outer peripheral walls of the third and fourth spraying sections. The plurality of atomizing outlets all penetrate the second stepped surface. The third spraying section is gap-fitted within the second spraying section, the end of the third spraying section away from the fourth spraying section is supported on the first step surface, at least a portion of the fourth spraying section is sealed within the second spraying section, the atomizing cavity is defined between the outer peripheral wall of the third spraying section, the inner peripheral wall of the second spraying section, the first step surface, and the second step surface, and the atomizing inlet is located on the peripheral wall of the second spraying section.

7. The shotcrete generator according to claim 6, characterized in that, A first sealing ring is provided between the third shotcrete generation section and the first step surface.

8. The shotcrete generator according to claim 7, characterized in that, The edge of the inner peripheral wall of the first stepped surface away from the second shotcrete generating section is provided with an annular rib protruding in the direction away from the channel inlet. An annular positioning groove is defined between the annular rib, the first stepped surface and the inner peripheral wall of the second shotcrete generating section, and the first sealing ring is disposed in the positioning groove.

9. The shotcrete generator according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fourth shotcrete generating section includes an insert shotcrete generating section and an extend shotcrete generating section connected to each other. The insert shotcrete generating section is sealed within the second shotcrete generating section, and the extend shotcrete generating section is located outside the second shotcrete generating section. The outer diameter of the insert shotcrete generating section is smaller than the outer diameter of the extend shotcrete generating section. A third stepped surface is provided between the insert shotcrete generating section and the extend shotcrete generating section. The third stepped surface is opposite to the end face of the second shotcrete generating section, and a second sealing ring is provided between the third stepped surface and the end face of the second shotcrete generating section.

10. The shotcrete generator according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The angle α between the centerline of the atomizing outlet and the central axis of the generating channel ranges from 30° to 60°.

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