Automobile working state detection device

Abstract

The utility model provides an automobile working state detection device. The detection device comprises a shell and a control circuit board assembled in the shell. Wherein the shell comprises a base and an upper cover which are fixed by penetrating screws through mounting screw holes; reinforcing ribs are arranged in the base and used for improving structural stability, and a sealing structure composed of a sealing groove and an embedded rubber ring is arranged at the top of the base. A plurality of mounting columns, a plurality of magnetic attraction structures and a sound conduction structure are arranged at the bottom of the base. According to the automobile working state detection device, modular design is adopted, sound and vibration sensing functions are integrated, and meanwhile real-time data transmission is achieved through the wireless module. The device is installed in an engine compartment in a magnetic attraction mode, abnormal conditions and potential faults are analyzed and pre-judged by monitoring sound and vibration signals of an automobile engine and related transmission parts, and the preventive maintenance function is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a vehicle operating status detection device, and more particularly to a sensing device that uses sound signals to detect whether the operating status of a vehicle engine is normal. Background Technology

[0002] The global car ownership continues to grow, exceeding 1.4 billion vehicles according to recent data. With this increase in the number of cars, the demand for engine health monitoring is also rising. Traditionally, the "healthy" working condition of car engines and other mechanical transmission components is ensured through regular maintenance or post-fault diagnosis and repair. However, car repair costs have been rising steadily in recent years; statistics show that the average cost of car repair has increased by approximately 30% over the past decade. Engine-related repairs are particularly expensive, and the chain reaction caused by engine failures can damage other components, further increasing repair costs. To address this challenge, the automotive industry is shifting from "post-fault repair" to a "predictive maintenance" model, aiming to use sensing technology to detect potential problems early, intervene promptly to eliminate potential faults, thereby ensuring driving safety and reducing overall vehicle maintenance costs.

[0003] Sound and vibration sensors can capture the sound and vibration signals generated by the engine during operation and analyze these signals to determine the engine's operating status, identifying abnormalities in the early stages of a fault. This non-invasive monitoring method has advantages such as high real-time performance and convenient installation. Early fault detection through sensors can effectively reduce maintenance costs for vehicle owners.

[0004] With the development of automotive intelligence, manufacturers have begun to introduce real-time monitoring sensors to monitor the operating status of various components while the car is running and issue alarm signals when abnormalities are detected. However, as part of the car's design and manufacturing, these sensors are mostly integrated inside various car components, requiring professional personnel to install them using specialized tools. When the sensors themselves malfunction, they also require professional repair or replacement. Furthermore, the information collected by these sensors and the fault predictions are processed in a closed loop within the car's electronic system, providing no direct information output to the car owner. Ordinary car owners typically lack professional automotive knowledge and have no basis for judging when their car needs maintenance or repair, often passively following the manufacturer's / repairman's advice, resulting in many unnecessary maintenance expenses.

[0005] Therefore, car owners need a sensor product that is easy to install and allows them to intuitively view the working status of their car's engine and related transmission components via their smartphones, alerting them to abnormalities and potential faults, and providing maintenance and repair suggestions when necessary.

[0006] This invention addresses current market demands by proposing a vehicle operating status detection device. It can be magnetically fixed in the engine compartment and collects sound and vibration signals while the vehicle is running. An intelligent algorithm identifies abnormal signals. Simultaneously, it connects to the user's smartphone via Bluetooth, providing intuitive warnings and information on potential fault points. This saves users time and money on vehicle maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This utility model proposes a vehicle operating status detection device, which includes a housing and a control circuit board assembled inside the housing; wherein the housing includes a base and a top cover, which are fixed together by screws passing through mounting screw holes; the base has reinforcing ribs inside to improve structural stability, and a sealing groove and a sealing structure consisting of an embedded rubber ring on its top; the bottom of the base has multiple mounting posts, multiple magnetic structures, and a sound conduction structure. 0003.

[0008] The control circuit board is fixed to the mounting post at the bottom of the base by screws; the magnetic structure is symmetrically distributed at the bottom of the housing base, and each magnetic structure consists of an inner convex post at the bottom of the base, a strong magnet embedded in the inner convex post, and a fastening bolt; the bottom of the base has mounting holes on which the sound conduction structure is mounted.

[0009] The sound conduction structure includes a first acoustic impedance matching layer and a second acoustic impedance matching layer; the first acoustic impedance matching layer is made of steel material, its bottom is flush with the bottom of the outer shell, and it has a mounting flange on the inner side of the outer shell with mounting screw holes; the second acoustic impedance matching layer is superimposed on the first acoustic impedance matching layer.

[0010] The second acoustic impedance matching layer is composed of multiple acoustic impedance materials stacked together. The acoustic impedance of each layer gradually transitions from steel to MEMS sound sensing material, or is composed of a metal-air periodically arranged microporous array.

[0011] The control circuit board is fixed to the mounting post with screws; a MEMS sound sensor is mounted on the side of the control circuit board near the bottom of the base, and its sound sensing end is close to the upper surface of the sound conduction structure.

[0012] The control circuit board also includes a microprocessor unit, a signal processing unit, a wireless communication unit, a power supply unit, and a vibration sensing unit, and each unit is electrically connected through PCB traces.

[0013] The signal processing unit includes a low-noise, wideband amplifier circuit with automatic gain control (AGC), a bandpass filter, and a high-speed ADC circuit, the output of which is connected to the microprocessor unit via a high-speed data bus; the wireless communication unit includes a wireless transceiver module and a PCB-integrated antenna, which is connected to the microprocessor via a universal asynchronous receiver / transmitter (UART) interface; the power supply unit includes a battery, a voltage regulator circuit, a DC-DC converter, and a battery management circuit; the vibration sensing unit is a triaxial accelerometer, the output of which is connected to the microprocessor via an I²C or SPI digital interface.

[0014] The wireless transceiver module is a Bluetooth, WiFi, or LoRa module.

[0015] The automotive operating condition detection device proposed in this utility model adopts a modular design, integrating sound and vibration sensing functions, and simultaneously achieving real-time data transmission via a wireless module. It is magnetically installed in the engine compartment, and by monitoring sound and vibration signals from the automotive engine and related transmission components, it analyzes and predicts abnormal conditions and potential faults, thus achieving preventative maintenance.

[0016] Other features and advantages of this utility model will become clearer after reading the detailed description of the embodiments of this utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To clearly illustrate the technical solution and embodiments of this utility model, the accompanying drawings are briefly described below. It should be noted that the drawings are primarily intended to explain the interconnections, structural features, and advantages of the various components of the device, and are not drawn to scale according to the actual dimensions of the device. Obviously, the drawings only relate to a limited set of embodiments and should not be construed as limiting the present utility model. Those skilled in the art can easily obtain new embodiments through formal variations based on these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the outer shell structure of one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a top view of the outer shell base of one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic attraction structure in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the sound conduction structure in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a block diagram of the functional unit connection of the control circuit board in one embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The specific embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] This utility model proposes a vehicle operating status detection device, the outer shell of which is as follows: Figure 1 As shown in the figure. A1 is the housing base, which is the main body of the housing and is used to install and fix internal electronic components, while also providing structural support. The housing base is made of aluminum alloy or engineering plastic, providing sufficient strength and protection. A2 is the housing cover, made of engineering plastic or PC material, used in conjunction with the base A1 to seal the housing, protecting internal components and providing dust and water protection. It is fixed to the base with screws. A3 is a screw hole on the base, with internal threads, located on the edge of the base, used to fix the cover A2 to the base A1 with screws. A4 is a screw hole on the cover, with internal threads, corresponding to the screw hole A3 on the base, used to connect screws. A5 is an internal reinforcing rib structure, located on the inner edge of the base, used to enhance structural strength, prevent deformation, and improve impact resistance. It has a waterproof sealing groove structure on its top, in which a waterproof sealing ring A6 is embedded; there are corresponding reinforcing rib structures inside the cover. A7 is a mounting post, located at the inner bottom of the base, used to install sensors and circuit board components, securing them firmly inside the housing.

[0025] In summary, the housing consists of two main parts: a base A1 and a top cover A2, secured with screws through mounting holes A3 and A4. Internal reinforcing ribs A5 enhance structural stability, while a sealing groove and embedded rubber ring at the top ensure a waterproof seal. Mounting posts A7 are provided for mounting and positioning internal components. The overall structure is compact and rational, suitable for sensor protection applications in industrial environments.

[0026] Figure 2 A top view of the base A1 is further provided, including a magnetic attraction structure A8 and a sound conduction structure A9. Multiple magnetic attraction structures A8 are symmetrically distributed at the bottom of the base A1. Each magnetic attraction structure A8 consists of an inner convex column B1 at the bottom of the base A1, a strong magnet B2 embedded in the inner convex column B1, and a fastening bolt B3. Its longitudinal section is shown below. Figure 3 As shown. After assembly, the bottom of the strong magnet B2 is flush with the bottom of the outer casing. The sound conduction structure A9 is mounted on the mounting hole at the bottom of the base A1, and its longitudinal section is shown below. Figure 4As shown, C1 is the outer shell; C2 is the first acoustic impedance matching layer, made of steel, used to match the steel material of the mounting surface of the detection device. Its bottom is flush with the bottom of the outer shell, and it has a mounting flange with mounting screw holes on the inner side of the outer shell; C3 is the second matching layer, composed of multiple acoustic impedance materials stacked together. The acoustic impedance of each layer gradually transitions from steel to MEMS sound sensing material, or it is composed of a periodically arranged array of micropores in a metal-air configuration. Through the sound conduction structure A9, sound wave reflection at the sound acquisition interface can be reduced, enabling the MEMS sound sensor to acquire a high signal-to-noise ratio sound signal to be detected. The sound signal to be detected includes signals within the range of human hearing and ultrasonic signals.

[0027] A control circuit board is installed inside the base A1 and is fixed to the mounting post A7 with screws. A MEMS sound sensor is mounted on the side of the control circuit board near the bottom of the base A1, with its sound sensing end close to the upper surface of the sound conduction structure A9. The control circuit board also includes a microprocessor unit, a signal processing unit, a wireless communication unit, a power supply unit, and a vibration sensing unit, all of which are electrically connected via PCB traces. The microprocessor unit is responsible for receiving and processing sensor data, such as FFT analysis, filtering, and anomaly detection. It performs preliminary calculations of preventative maintenance indicators using algorithms and determines equipment status. The processing results are reported to a host computer, such as a user's smartphone, via a wireless communication unit. The signal processing unit includes a low-noise, wideband amplifier circuit with automatic gain control (AGC), a bandpass filter to filter out interference noise below and above the target frequency range, and a high-speed ADC circuit. Its output is transmitted to the microprocessor unit via a high-speed data bus. The wireless communication unit includes a wireless transceiver module and a PCB-integrated antenna, connected to the microprocessor via a universal asynchronous receiver / transmitter (UART) interface. It supports wireless transmission protocols such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or LoRa for data communication with the host computer or cloud platform. The power supply unit includes a battery, a voltage regulator circuit, a DC-DC converter, and a battery management circuit. The vibration sensing unit is a triaxial accelerometer whose output is transmitted to the microprocessor via an I²C or SPI digital interface. Figure 5 A functional module connection diagram of the above control circuit board is given.

[0028] This utility model proposes a modular design for an automotive operating condition detection device, integrating sound and vibration sensing functions. It also utilizes a wireless module for real-time data transmission and remote monitoring. The magnetic mounting design facilitates convenient sensor installation without damaging the mounting surface. The entire hardware structure employs a coordinated approach between signal acquisition, data processing, wireless communication, power management, and the mounting structure to ensure high-precision, stable, and easy-to-maintain preventative maintenance of the automotive engine and related transmission components. Engine abnormalities detectable by the sound and vibration sensors include: cylinder misfire, bearing failure, valve train malfunction, incomplete combustion, fuel injection system failure, and cooling system problems. Simultaneously, detected abnormalities can be transmitted wirelessly, such as via Bluetooth, to the user's smartphone, alerting them to the abnormality and potential faults, and providing maintenance and repair suggestions when necessary.

[0029] The description of this utility model is given for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the utility model to the disclosed forms. The embodiments were chosen and described to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of the utility model, and to enable those skilled in the art to understand the utility model and design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for a particular purpose. All new embodiments that fall within the basic concept, construction principles, and spirit of this utility model, and are achieved through simple variations, modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements, should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model. The scope of this utility model is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A vehicle operating status detection device, characterized in that, The detection device includes a housing and a control circuit board assembled inside the housing; the housing includes a base and a top cover, which are fixed by screws passing through mounting screw holes; the base has reinforcing ribs inside to improve structural stability, and a sealing structure consisting of a sealing groove and an embedded rubber ring on its top; the bottom of the base has multiple mounting posts, multiple magnetic structures and a sound conduction structure.

2. The vehicle operating status detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control circuit board is fixed to the mounting post at the bottom of the base by screws; the magnetic structures are symmetrically distributed at the bottom of the base, and each magnetic structure consists of an inner convex post at the bottom of the base, a strong magnet embedded in the inner convex post, and a fastening bolt; the bottom of the base has mounting holes on which the sound conduction structure is mounted.

3. The vehicle operating status detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sound conduction structure includes a first acoustic impedance matching layer and a second acoustic impedance matching layer; the first acoustic impedance matching layer is made of steel material, its bottom is flush with the bottom of the outer shell, and it has a mounting flange on the inner side of the outer shell with mounting screw holes; the second acoustic impedance matching layer is superimposed on the first acoustic impedance matching layer.

4. The vehicle operating status detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second acoustic impedance matching layer is composed of multiple acoustic impedance materials stacked together. The acoustic impedance of each layer gradually transitions from steel to MEMS sound sensing material, or is composed of a metal-air periodically arranged microporous array.

5. The vehicle operating status detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control circuit board is fixed to the mounting post by screws; a MEMS sound sensor is mounted on the side of the control circuit board near the bottom of the base, and its sound sensing end is close to the upper surface of the sound conduction structure.

6. The vehicle operating status detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The control circuit board also includes a microprocessor unit, a signal processing unit, a wireless communication unit, a power supply unit, and a vibration sensing unit, and each unit is electrically connected through PCB traces.

7. The vehicle operating status detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The signal processing unit includes a low-noise, wideband amplifier circuit with automatic gain control (AGC), a bandpass filter, and a high-speed ADC circuit, the output of which is connected to the microprocessor unit via a high-speed data bus; the wireless communication unit includes a wireless transceiver module and a PCB-integrated antenna, which is connected to the microprocessor via a universal asynchronous receiver / transmitter (UART) interface; the power supply unit includes a battery, a voltage regulator circuit, a DC-DC converter, and a battery management circuit; the vibration sensing unit is a triaxial accelerometer, the output of which is connected to the microprocessor via an I²C or SPI digital interface.

8. The vehicle operating status detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The wireless transceiver module is a Bluetooth, WiFi, or LoRa module.

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