Portable damage detection device for standard knot of tower crane
By designing a portable damage detection device and using limiting components to restrict the excitation hammer to ensure stable excitation energy, combined with signal processing technology, the problems of convenience and low accuracy in damage detection of standard sections of tower cranes are solved, achieving efficient and low-cost detection results.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CNNC HUACHEN CONSTR ENG CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-28
AI Technical Summary
Existing methods for detecting damage to standard sections of tower cranes suffer from problems such as long detection intervals, low accuracy, high cost, and difficulty in portability.
A portable damage detection device was designed, including a housing, an excitation hammer, a magnetic sensor, and a control motherboard. The excitation hammer is restricted in the excitation groove by a limiting member and is attached to the test piece by the magnetic sensor. The excitation hammer is restricted by the limiting member to ensure stable excitation energy. Damage is judged by combining signal processing technology.
It achieves stability of excitation energy and convenience of detection, improves detection accuracy, reduces costs, and is easy to carry.
Smart Images
Figure CN224176305U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of damage detection, and more specifically, to a portable damage detection device for standard sections of tower cranes. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, there are two methods for detecting damage to standard sections of tower cranes: traditional testing and non-destructive testing.
[0003] Traditional damage detection methods, such as periodic manual inspections and visual inspections, involve inspectors observing the steel structure or components from different angles or using tools like measuring tapes to check the overall shape and outline of the structure. They examine for obvious bending, twisting, or deformation, ensuring each part is in its correct position, and checking for any misalignment, tilting, or other abnormalities. These methods are time-consuming, inefficient, and have relatively large errors and limited accuracy.
[0004] Non-destructive testing methods such as acoustic emission testing (AE) use acoustic emission sensors placed on the surface of a structure to receive acoustic emission signals and identify defects; hysteresis testing magnetizes steel structural components, and if defects exist on or near the surface, they cause distortion of magnetic field lines. If magnetic powder is sprinkled on the surface, the powder will be attracted to the defect, forming a magnetic trace, thus revealing the location and shape of the defect; radiographic testing uses X-rays to penetrate the steel structure, and because the defects and the substrate material absorb and attenuate the X-rays to different degrees, different grayscale images are formed on the X-ray film or imaging plate to determine the defect situation. However, AE is greatly affected by environmental noise, hysteresis testing has high process requirements, and X-ray testing is expensive, slow, and harmful to human health. These non-destructive testing methods are mostly expensive and not portable. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a portable damage detection device for standard sections of tower cranes, which can ensure the stability of excitation energy and is easy to carry.
[0006] This application is implemented as follows:
[0007] This application provides a portable damage detection device for a standard section of a tower crane, comprising a housing, a control mainboard inside the housing, a display screen and an operation panel electrically connected to the control mainboard on the front surface of the housing, an excitation groove on the top of the housing, an excitation hammer slidably disposed within the excitation groove, the excitation hammer being restricted within the excitation groove by a limiting member, one end of the excitation hammer extending into the excitation groove being elastically connected to the housing via a first elastic member, and the other end being used to excite the test piece; handles extending from both sides of the housing toward the back, the handles containing battery compartments for assembling batteries; the control mainboard being connected to a magnetic sensor via a cable, and a cable storage groove on the rear surface of the housing.
[0008] Furthermore, the limiting member includes a limiting rod, the middle part of which is rotatably connected to the housing, the upper end of which extends out of the housing to form an operating part, and the lower end of which is provided with a limiting part. The limiting rod is connected to the housing via a second elastic member near the limiting part. The excitation hammer is provided with a limiting groove, and the limiting part is engaged with the limiting groove.
[0009] Furthermore, a coil is rotatably disposed within the storage slot, and the cable is wound around the coil.
[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a rotating handle, one end of which extends into the housing and is connected to the central axis of the coil.
[0011] Furthermore, an anti-rotation component is provided on the rotating handle near the housing, and an anti-rotation groove adapted to the anti-rotation component is provided on the back of the housing.
[0012] Furthermore, the limiting component is an electronic control board, which is electrically connected to the main control board. The main control board is used to drive the electronic control board to engage the excitation hammer.
[0013] Furthermore, the limiting component is an electromagnetic coil, and the excitation hammer is an iron rod. When the electromagnetic coil is energized, it can magnetically attract the iron rod to limit its position.
[0014] Furthermore, the top of the housing is also threaded with equidistant measuring tubes surrounding the excitation groove.
[0015] Furthermore, the control motherboard is symmetrically positioned on both sides of the excitation slot.
[0016] Furthermore, both the first elastic element and the second elastic element are springs.
[0017] Compared with the prior art, this application has at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:
[0018] This application provides a portable damage detection device for standard sections of tower cranes. The magnetic sensor can be attached to the test piece, increasing the convenience of connecting the test piece. The excitation hammer is restricted within the excitation groove by a limiting member. When the excitation hammer is restricted by the limiting member, the first elastic member is in a compressed state. The limiting member has a limiting function, which can constrain the excitation hammer to a fixed position, so that the degree of compression of the first elastic member is fixed, ensuring that the excitation hammer is excited within a specified range, making the working length of the excitation hammer precisely controllable, thereby ensuring the stability of the excitation energy, providing excitation power while ensuring the energy stability of each excitation. Attached Figure Description
[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front of a portable damage detection device for a standard section of a tower crane according to this application;
[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the back of a portable damage detection device for a standard section of a tower crane according to this application;
[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a portable damage detection device for a standard section of a tower crane according to this application;
[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a limiting component in a portable damage detection device for a standard section of a tower crane, used in this application, when it limits the excitation hammer.
[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a portable damage detection device for a standard section of a tower crane when the limiting component fails to limit the excitation hammer.
[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the coil in a portable damage detection device for a standard section of a tower crane, as described in this application.
[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the coil and rotating handle in a portable damage detection device for a standard section of a tower crane, as described in this application.
[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an equal-distance measuring tube for a portable damage detection device for a standard section of a tower crane, as described in this application.
[0028] Figure label:
[0029] 1. Housing; 2. Display screen; 3. Operation panel; 4. Excitation hammer; 5. Magnetic sensor; 51. Cable; 6. Handle; 7. Battery compartment; 8. Storage slot; 9. Excitation slot; 10. Limiting component; 101. Limiting rod; 102. Operation part; 103. Limiting part; 104. Second elastic component; 11. First elastic component; 12. Control main board; 13. Battery; 14. Cable coil; 15. Rotation handle; 16. Anti-rotation component; 17. Equidistant measuring tube. Detailed Implementation
[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0031] The following detailed description of some embodiments of this application is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the various embodiments and features described below can be combined with each other.
[0032] Example
[0033] This application provides a portable damage detection device for standard sections of tower cranes, which can ensure the stability of excitation energy and is easy to carry.
[0034] Please refer to Figure 1-3 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front of a portable damage detection device for a standard section of a tower crane according to this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the back of a portable damage detection device for a standard section of a tower crane according to this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a portable damage detection device for a standard section of a tower crane according to this application;
[0035] This portable damage detection device for standard sections of tower cranes includes a housing 1. A control main board 12 is installed inside the housing 1. The control main board 12 utilizes existing mature technology to convert vibration signals into electrical signals. A display screen 2 and an operation panel 3, both electrically connected to the control main board 12, are located on the front surface of the housing 1. Both the display screen 2 and the operation panel 3 also utilize existing mature technology. Users can perform a series of operations, including damage detection, through the operation panel 3. Damage detection data is displayed on the display screen 2. The inventive point of this application is that an excitation groove 9 is provided at the top of the housing 1. An excitation hammer 4 is slidably disposed within the excitation groove 9. The excitation hammer 4 is restricted within the excitation groove 9 by a limiting member 10. One end of the excitation hammer 4, extending into the excitation groove 9, is elastically connected to the housing 1 through a first elastic member 11, while the other end is used to excite the test piece. When the excitation hammer 4 is restricted by the limiting member 10, the first elastic member 11 is in a compressed state. The first elastic member can be a spring, which can store energy after compression. When the limiting member 10 removes the restriction on the excitation hammer 4, the spring, in order to return to its original state, applies force to the excitation hammer 4, causing it to move along the direction of the excitation groove 9, extend out of the excitation groove 9, and strike the test piece. The limiting member 10 has a limiting function, which can constrain the excitation hammer 4 to a fixed position, fix the degree of compression of the first elastic member 11, ensure that the excitation hammer 4 is excited within a specified range, make the working length of the excitation hammer 4 precisely controllable, and thus ensure the stability of the excitation energy, providing excitation power while ensuring the energy stability of each excitation. The two sides of the housing 1 extend towards the back to form handles 6, and the handles 6 have a battery compartment 7 for assembling the battery 13. With this layout, the handles 6 can serve as both a point of force and a battery compartment 7. When using the device, the user can hold the handles 6 with both hands to stabilize the entire device. The control main board 12 is connected to the magnetic sensor 5 via a cable 51. The magnetic sensor 5 can be attached to the test piece, increasing the convenience of connecting the test piece. The rear surface of the housing 1 has a storage groove 8 for storing the cable 51. The device is equipped with a relatively long cable 51, which can measure larger test pieces, such as standard sections of tower cranes. The storage groove 8 can store the cable 51 and protect it from damage.
[0036] The damage detection of this device is mainly based on the change in the frequency response function of the specimen, that is, the processing and calculation in the function. The specific detection method is as follows:
[0037] The signal processing function in the device relies on signal processing technology to filter and reduce noise in the acquired signals, and obtain the signal in the frequency domain, i.e., the frequency response function of the specimen, through Laplace transform.
[0038] The calculation process is shown in equation (1).
[0039]
[0040] In the formula: |Sxy (jw)| represents the magnitude of the cross-power spectral density function of the function, S x (w) is the power spectral density function of the function.
[0041] The device calculates damage values based on the differences in the frequency response function of the specimen under different damage conditions, and then performs a statistical judgment on the processed frequency response function. If the measured frequency response function of the test specimen is statistically identical to that of the undamaged specimen, the test specimen is considered undamaged; otherwise, damage exists, and further damage values need to be calculated and damage relationships established.
[0042] Generally, due to environmental and human factors, the calculated frequency response function exhibits discreteness. Therefore, it is assumed that the frequency response function conforms to a normal distribution, as shown in equation (2):
[0043] |H(jw)|~N(μ(|H(jw)|),σ 2 (ω)) (2)
[0044] In the formula: μ(|H(jw)|) is the mean value of the amplitude of the frequency response function, σ 2 (ω) represents the variance of the amplitude of the frequency response function corresponding to a certain frequency.
[0045] When the frequency response functions of the tested component and the undamaged component differ statistically, the tested component is considered to be damaged. Since both conform to a normal distribution, the difference between them also conforms to a normal distribution, as shown in equations (3) to (5):
[0046] δ|H(jw)|~N(μ(δ|H(jw)|),δσ 2 (ω)) (3)
[0047] δ|H(jw)|=|H0(jw)|-|H u (jw)| (4)
[0048]
[0049] The data is normalized to obtain the parameter Z, as shown in equation (6):
[0050]
[0051] In the formula: Z is the standard score, which evaluates the difference between a sample point and the population mean. If Z remains within the confidence interval, i.e., |Z| ≤ Z... 1-α / 2 If the condition is met, the null hypothesis is accepted, assuming the component under test is undamaged, with a guarantee rate of 1-α / 2. Otherwise, the alternative hypothesis is accepted, i.e., |Z|>Z. 1-α / 2 At that time, it was assumed that the test piece was damaged.
[0052] Finally, a parameter for statistically measuring the exceedance magnitude is determined based on the Z test and defined as AID, as shown in equation (7):
[0053]
[0054] The final AID value is the damage value of the specimen detected by the device. It can be further used to establish a relationship with other parameters such as service life to reflect the damage status of the specimen under different conditions.
[0055] As one embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figure 4-5 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a portable damage detection device for a standard section of a tower crane, in which the limiting component 10 limits the excitation hammer 4. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a portable damage detection device for a standard section of a tower crane, where the limiting member 10 does not limit the excitation hammer 4. The limiting member 10 includes a limiting rod 101, the middle part of which is rotatably connected to the housing 1. The upper end of the limiting rod 101 extends out of the housing 1 to form an operating part 102, and the lower end is provided with a limiting part 103. The limiting rod 101 is connected to the housing 1 via a second elastic member 104 near the limiting part 103. The excitation hammer 4 is provided with a limiting groove, and the limiting part 103 engages with the limiting groove.
[0056] Specifically, under normal conditions, the second elastic element 104 applies a pulling force to the limiting rod 101, and the limiting part 103 engages with the limiting groove to restrict the excitation hammer 4. When the user applies force to the operating part 102, the limiting part 103 disengages from the limiting groove, thereby releasing the excitation hammer 4.
[0057] As one embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figure 6-7 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the coil 14 in a portable damage detection device for a standard section of a tower crane according to this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the coil 14 and the rotating handle 15 in a portable damage detection device for a standard section of a tower crane according to this application; the coil 14 is rotatably arranged in the storage slot 8, and the cable 51 is wound on the coil 14.
[0058] Specifically, this design aims to prevent cable 51 from tangling when piled up in the storage slot 8 due to its relatively long length. The cable coil 14 is designed to rotate, allowing the cable 51 to be wound around it in a loop, effectively preventing tangling. In use, simply apply force to the magnetic sensor 5; the cable coil 14 will then rotate automatically, releasing the cable 51 for easy operation.
[0059] As an embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a rotating handle 15, one end of which extends into the housing 1 and is connected to the central axis of the coil 14.
[0060] Specifically, with the rotating handle 15, users can easily and quickly store or release the cable 51 by rotating the handle 15.
[0061] As an embodiment of the present invention, an anti-rotation member 16 is provided on the rotating handle 15 near the housing 1, and an anti-rotation groove adapted to the anti-rotation member 16 is provided on the back of the housing 1.
[0062] Specifically, considering that the coil 14 may rotate due to accidental contact, thereby releasing excess cable 51, this embodiment includes an anti-rotation member 16 to prevent the coil 14 from rotating and thus release the cable 51. In use, to prevent the coil 14 from rotating, pressure is applied to the coil 14 to engage the anti-rotation member 16 in the anti-rotation groove. To allow the coil 14 to rotate, the anti-rotation member 16 is pulled out of the anti-rotation groove.
[0063] As an embodiment of the present invention, the limiting member 10 is an electronic control board, which is electrically connected to the control main board 12. The control main board 12 is used to drive the electronic control board to engage the excitation hammer 4.
[0064] Specifically, the control motherboard 12 can drive the electronic control board to move and engage the excitation hammer 4. For example, when the user presses the corresponding trigger button on the operation panel 3, the control motherboard 12 will drive the electronic control board to move and engage the excitation hammer 4 after receiving the instruction.
[0065] In one embodiment of the present invention, the limiting member 10 is an electromagnetic coil and the excitation hammer 4 is an iron rod. After the electromagnetic coil is energized, it can magnetically attract the iron rod to limit the iron rod.
[0066] Specifically, the control motherboard 12 can control the energization and de-energization of the electromagnetic coil. For example, under normal circumstances, the electromagnetic coil is energized, and it attracts the iron rod by generating magnetic force, thereby limiting the iron rod. When the user presses the corresponding trigger button on the operation panel 3, the control motherboard 12 will control the electromagnetic coil to be de-energized. After losing the limitation of magnetic attraction, the iron rod moves along the direction of the excitation groove 9, extends out of the excitation groove 9, and impacts the test piece.
[0067] As one embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 This application presents a schematic diagram of the structure of an equidistant measuring tube 17 in a portable damage detection device for a standard section of a tower crane. The top of the housing 1 is also threadedly connected to the excitation groove 9.
[0068] Specifically, considering that the distance between the excitation hammer 4 and the test piece varies with each excitation, this embodiment provides an equidistant measuring tube 17 to maintain a consistent distance between them. During use, the measuring tube is positioned to contact the test piece, thus maintaining the distance between the excitation hammer 4 and the test piece. Furthermore, the equidistant measuring tube 17 is threaded onto the housing 1, and the distance between the excitation hammer 4 and the test piece can be adjusted by rotating the equidistant measuring tube 17.
[0069] Preferably, the control main board 12 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the excitation groove 9. The first elastic element 11 and the second elastic element 104 are both springs.
[0070] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this application is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that this application can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this application. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this application is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within this application. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A portable damage detection device for standard sections of tower cranes, comprising a housing, a control mainboard disposed inside the housing, and a display screen and an operation panel electrically connected to the control mainboard disposed on the front surface of the housing, characterized in that, The top of the housing is provided with an excitation groove, and an excitation hammer is slidably disposed in the excitation groove. The excitation hammer is restricted in the excitation groove by a limiting member. One end of the excitation hammer that extends into the excitation groove is elastically connected to the housing through a first elastic member, and the other end is used to excite the test piece. The two sides of the housing extend towards the back to form a grip, and the grip has a battery compartment for assembling the battery; the control board is connected to the magnetic sensor via a cable, and the rear surface of the housing has a storage groove for storing the cable.
2. The portable damage detection device for standard sections of tower cranes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting component includes a limiting rod, the middle part of which is rotatably connected to the housing. The upper end of the limiting rod extends out of the housing to form an operating part, and the lower end is provided with a limiting part. The limiting rod is connected to the housing via a second elastic element near the limiting part. The excitation hammer is provided with a limiting groove, and the limiting part is engaged with the limiting groove.
3. The portable damage detection device for standard sections of tower cranes according to claim 1, characterized in that, A coil is rotatably arranged inside the storage slot, and the cable is wound around the coil.
4. A portable damage detection device for standard sections of tower cranes according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a rotating handle, one end of which extends into the housing and is connected to the central axis of the coil.
5. A portable damage detection device for standard sections of tower cranes according to claim 4, characterized in that, An anti-rotation component is provided on the rotating handle near the housing, and an anti-rotation groove adapted to the anti-rotation component is provided on the back of the housing.
6. A portable damage detection device for standard sections of tower cranes according to claim 2, characterized in that, The limiting component is an electronic control board, which is electrically connected to the main control board. The main control board is used to drive the electronic control board to engage the excitation hammer.
7. A portable damage detection device for standard sections of tower cranes according to claim 2, characterized in that, The limiting component is an electromagnetic coil, and the excitation hammer is an iron rod. When the electromagnetic coil is energized, it can magnetically attract the iron rod to limit the iron rod.
8. A portable damage detection device for standard sections of tower cranes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the housing is also threaded with equidistant measuring tubes surrounding the excitation groove.
9. A portable damage detection device for standard sections of tower cranes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control motherboards are symmetrically positioned on both sides of the excitation slot.
10. A portable damage detection device for standard sections of tower cranes according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both the first elastic element and the second elastic element are springs.