Intrinsically safe lithium thionyl chloride battery

Abstract

The utility model discloses an intrinsically safe lithium thionyl chloride battery which comprises a negative electrode, an isolating membrane, a positive electrode, a collector ring and a nickel sheet which are all arranged in a battery shell, and the negative electrode, the isolating membrane, the positive electrode and the collector ring are sequentially arranged from outside to inside; the positive electrode, the collector ring and the battery shell are combined to form a containing cavity, and the containing cavity is filled with electrolyte; the positive pole penetrates through the battery shell and is arranged above the battery shell, one end of the nickel sheet is connected with the positive pole, and the other end of the nickel sheet is connected with the collector ring; the nickel sheet comprises a first nickel sheet, a second nickel sheet and a third nickel sheet which are connected in sequence, and the cross section radius of the first nickel sheet and the cross section radius of the third nickel sheet are larger than the cross section radius of the second nickel sheet. According to the lithium thionyl chloride battery, the nickel sheet with a specific shape is used for limiting the lithium thionyl chloride battery under various safety abnormal conditions such as over-discharge, over-current, short circuit, temperature out-of-control and the like, so that the battery is protected, safety accidents are prevented from happening and expanding, and the intrinsic safety function of the battery is enhanced to the maximum extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of lithium battery technology, and in particular to an intrinsically safe lithium thionyl chloride battery. Background Technology

[0002] Lithium thionyl chloride (LiTHC) batteries are disposable lithium metal batteries that use lithium as the negative electrode, carbon as the positive electrode, and anhydrous lithium tetrachloroaluminate thionyl chloride solution as the electrolyte. LiTHC batteries have a much higher energy density than other types of batteries, meaning they can provide more electrical energy in the same volume and weight, making them ideal power sources for portable electronic devices. However, precisely because of their high energy density, LiTHC batteries are prone to thermal runaway under extreme conditions such as overcharging, over-discharging, and short circuits, leading to safety accidents such as explosions and fires. Therefore, the safety of LiTHC batteries has always been a key focus of research and development.

[0003] Currently, the safety design of lithium-ion batteries involves adding an external PTC or fuse for short-circuit protection. However, in special environments, such as flammable and explosive monitoring and measuring equipment, the safety of the device itself needs to be fully assessed, and the battery needs to achieve intrinsic safety even when the external protection device is removed.

[0004] Therefore, existing lithium-ion batteries cannot achieve intrinsic safety when external protection devices are removed. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention provides an intrinsically safe lithium thionyl chloride battery, which aims to solve the problem that existing lithium thionyl chloride batteries cannot achieve intrinsic safety when external protection devices are removed.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides an intrinsically safe lithium thionyl chloride battery. The lithium thionyl chloride battery includes a battery casing, a negative electrode, a separator, a positive electrode, a current collector ring, a positive electrode post, and a nickel sheet. The negative electrode, the separator, the positive electrode, the current collector ring, and the nickel sheet are all disposed inside the battery casing, and the negative electrode, the separator, the positive electrode, and the current collector ring are arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside.

[0007] The positive electrode, the current collector ring, and the battery casing are combined to form a receiving cavity, which is filled with electrolyte.

[0008] The positive electrode post penetrates the battery housing and is disposed above the battery housing. One end of the nickel plate is connected to the positive electrode post, and the other end of the nickel plate is connected to the current collector ring.

[0009] The nickel sheet includes a first nickel sheet, a second nickel sheet, and a third nickel sheet connected in sequence, wherein the cross-sectional radii of the first nickel sheet and the third nickel sheet are both larger than the cross-sectional radius of the second nickel sheet.

[0010] Furthermore, a protective sleeve is provided on the outer wall of the nickel sheet, and the second nickel sheet is disposed inside the protective sleeve.

[0011] Furthermore, the protective sleeve is made of perfluoroethylene propylene or polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0012] Furthermore, the nickel sheet has a serpentine, meandering structure.

[0013] Furthermore, a receiving groove is provided inside the positive electrode, and the current collecting ring is provided on the inner side wall of the receiving groove.

[0014] Furthermore, the cross-sectional radius of the first nickel sheet is the same as that of the third nickel sheet.

[0015] Furthermore, the nickel sheet is fixedly disposed between the positive electrode post and the current collector ring by welding.

[0016] Furthermore, the battery casing includes a battery cover and a battery outer casing, with the battery cover disposed above the battery outer casing.

[0017] Furthermore, the battery cover plate is provided with a cover plate through hole adapted to the positive terminal post, and a sealing ring is provided in the cover plate through hole.

[0018] Furthermore, the positive terminal has a T-shaped structure.

[0019] This utility model discloses an intrinsically safe lithium thionyl chloride battery. The lithium thionyl chloride battery includes a battery casing, a negative electrode, a separator, a positive electrode, a current collector ring, a positive electrode post, and a nickel sheet. The negative electrode, the separator, the positive electrode, the current collector ring, and the nickel sheet are all disposed within the battery casing, arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside. The positive electrode, the current collector ring, and the battery casing together form a receiving cavity, which is filled with electrolyte. The positive electrode post penetrates the battery casing and is disposed above the battery casing. One end of the nickel sheet is connected to the positive electrode post, and the other end of the nickel sheet is connected to the current collector ring. The nickel sheet includes a first nickel sheet, a second nickel sheet, and a third nickel sheet connected sequentially, and the cross-sectional radii of the first nickel sheet and the third nickel sheet are both larger than the cross-sectional radius of the second nickel sheet. This utility model embodiment uses a nickel sheet of a specific shape to limit the lithium thionyl chloride battery under various abnormal safety conditions such as over-discharge, overcurrent, short circuit, and temperature runaway, thereby protecting the battery, preventing the occurrence and escalation of safety accidents, and maximizing the inherent safety function of the battery. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a lithium thionyl chloride battery provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram of region A in the middle;

[0023] The labels for the attached figures are as follows:

[0024] 10. Lithium thionyl chloride battery; 11. Negative electrode; 12. Separator; 13. Positive electrode; 14. Current collector ring; 15. Positive electrode post; 16. Nickel sheet; 161. First nickel sheet; 162. Second nickel sheet; 163. Third nickel sheet; 17. Electrolyte; 18. Protective sleeve; 191. Battery cover; 192. Battery casing. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0026] It should be understood that, when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "comprising" and "including" indicate the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.

[0027] It should also be understood that the terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0028] It should also be further understood that the term "and / or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0029] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a lithium thionyl chloride battery provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram of region A. This utility model proposes an intrinsically safe lithium thionyl chloride battery 10, which includes a battery casing, a negative electrode 11, a separator 12, a positive electrode 13, a current collector ring 14, a positive electrode post 15, and a nickel plate 16. The negative electrode 11, the separator 12, the positive electrode 13, the current collector ring 14, and the nickel plate 16 are all disposed within the battery casing. The negative electrode 11, the separator 12, the positive electrode 13, and the current collector ring 14 are arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside. The battery housing assembly forms a receiving cavity, which is filled with electrolyte 17; the positive electrode post 15 penetrates the battery housing and is disposed above the battery housing; one end of the nickel sheet 16 is connected to the positive electrode post 15, and the other end of the nickel sheet 16 is connected to the current collector ring 14; the nickel sheet 16 includes a first nickel sheet 161, a second nickel sheet 162, and a third nickel sheet 163 connected in sequence, and the cross-sectional radii of the first nickel sheet 161 and the third nickel sheet 163 are both larger than the cross-sectional radius of the second nickel sheet 162.

[0030] In this embodiment, the lithium thionyl chloride battery 10 includes a battery casing, a negative electrode 11, a separator 12, a positive electrode 13, a current collector ring 14, a positive electrode post 15, and a nickel sheet 16. The negative electrode 11, the separator 12, the positive electrode 13, the current collector ring 14, and the nickel sheet 16 are all disposed within the battery casing, and are arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside. The negative electrode 11 is made of aluminum, and the positive electrode 13 is made of carbon. The positive electrode 13, the current collector ring 14, and the battery casing combine to form a receiving cavity. The cavity is filled with electrolyte 17, which is a thionyl chloride solution; the positive electrode post 15 penetrates the battery housing and is disposed above the battery housing, and the positive electrode post 15 is detachably connected to the battery housing; one end of the nickel plate 16 is connected to the positive electrode post 15, and the other end of the nickel plate 16 is connected to the current collector ring 14; the nickel plate 16 includes a first nickel plate 161, a second nickel plate 162, and a third nickel plate 163 connected in sequence, and the cross-sectional radii of the first nickel plate 161 and the third nickel plate 163 are both larger than the cross-sectional radius of the second nickel plate 162. This utility model embodiment uses a nickel sheet 16 of a specific shape to limit the lithium thionyl chloride battery 10 under various abnormal safety conditions such as over-discharge, overcurrent, short circuit, and temperature runaway, thereby protecting the battery, preventing the occurrence and escalation of safety accidents, and maximizing the inherent safety function of the battery. For example, when the lithium thionyl chloride battery 10 encounters an abnormal operating condition that causes a sharp increase in short-circuit current, the second nickel sheet 162 can quickly melt and break the current transmission path in a very short time, thereby providing a reliable safety protection barrier for the lithium thionyl chloride battery 10.

[0031] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a protective sleeve 18 is fitted on the outer wall of the nickel sheet 16, and the second nickel sheet 162 is disposed inside the protective sleeve 18.

[0032] In this embodiment, a protective sleeve 18 is provided on the outer wall of the nickel sheet 16, and the second nickel sheet 162 is disposed inside the protective sleeve 18. The protective sleeve 18 can prevent the second nickel sheet 162 from being physically damaged.

[0033] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the protective sleeve 18 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene or polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0034] In this embodiment, the protective sleeve 18 is made of perfluoroethylene propylene or polytetrafluoroethylene, which makes the protective sleeve 18 stable in the thionyl chloride system without undergoing chemical reaction.

[0035] In one embodiment, such asFigure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the nickel sheet 16 has a serpentine, meandering structure.

[0036] In this embodiment, the nickel sheet 16 has a serpentine structure, which facilitates its fixed installation between the positive electrode post 15 and the current collector ring 14. The serpentine structure design also prevents the nickel sheet 16 from being physically damaged.

[0037] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, a receiving groove is provided inside the positive electrode 13, and the current collecting ring 14 is provided on the inner side wall of the receiving groove.

[0038] In this embodiment, a receiving groove is provided inside the positive electrode 13, and a current collecting ring 14 is provided on the inner side wall of the receiving groove. The current collecting ring 14 is used to collect and conduct current. Furthermore, the positive electrode 13, the current collecting ring 14 and the battery casing are combined to form a receiving cavity, which is filled with electrolyte 17 to achieve efficient energy transfer of the battery.

[0039] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the cross-sectional radius of the first nickel sheet 161 is the same as the cross-sectional radius of the third nickel sheet 163.

[0040] In this embodiment, the cross-sectional radius of the first nickel sheet 161 is the same as that of the third nickel sheet 163, thereby improving the reliability of the connection of the nickel sheets 16.

[0041] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the nickel sheet 16 is fixedly disposed between the positive electrode post 15 and the current collector ring 14 by welding.

[0042] In this embodiment, the nickel sheet 16 is fixedly disposed between the positive electrode post 15 and the current collector ring 14 by welding; wherein, the current collector ring 14 is made of stainless steel or nickel; this embodiment of the present invention can use welding to fix the nickel sheet 16 between the positive electrode post 15 and the current collector ring 14, thereby improving the reliability of the connection of the nickel sheet 16.

[0043] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the battery housing includes a battery cover 191 and a battery outer shell 192, with the battery cover 191 disposed above the battery outer shell 192.

[0044] In this embodiment, the battery housing includes a battery cover 191 and a battery outer shell 192, with the battery cover 191 disposed above the battery outer shell 192; preferably, both the battery cover 191 and the battery outer shell 192 are made of stainless steel.

[0045] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the battery cover plate 191 is provided with a cover plate through hole adapted to the positive terminal post 15, and a sealing ring is provided in the cover plate through hole.

[0046] In this embodiment, the battery cover plate 191 is provided with a cover plate through hole adapted to the positive electrode post 15, and a sealing ring is provided in the cover plate through hole. By performing a plugging and unplugging operation on the positive electrode post 15, the positive electrode post 15 can be removed or installed in the cover plate through hole. When the positive electrode post 15 is removed, the cover plate through hole is exposed, and electrolyte can be added through the cover plate through hole. When the positive electrode post 15 is installed in the cover plate through hole, the sealing ring is located between the positive electrode post 15 and the battery cover plate 191. At this time, the deformation of the sealing ring is easy to occur, thereby achieving a sealing effect.

[0047] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the positive electrode post 15 has a T-shaped structure.

[0048] In this embodiment, the positive terminal 15 has a T-shaped structure, which facilitates the removal of the positive terminal 15 from the battery cover 191 or the assembly of the positive terminal 15 onto the battery cover 191.

[0049] This utility model discloses an intrinsically safe lithium thionyl chloride battery. The lithium thionyl chloride battery includes a battery casing, a negative electrode, a separator, a positive electrode, a current collector ring, a positive electrode post, and a nickel sheet. The negative electrode, the separator, the positive electrode, the current collector ring, and the nickel sheet are all disposed within the battery casing, arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside. The positive electrode, the current collector ring, and the battery casing together form a receiving cavity, which is filled with electrolyte. The positive electrode post penetrates the battery casing and is disposed above the battery casing. One end of the nickel sheet is connected to the positive electrode post, and the other end of the nickel sheet is connected to the current collector ring. The nickel sheet includes a first nickel sheet, a second nickel sheet, and a third nickel sheet connected sequentially, and the cross-sectional radii of the first nickel sheet and the third nickel sheet are both larger than the cross-sectional radius of the second nickel sheet. This utility model embodiment uses a nickel sheet of a specific shape to limit the lithium thionyl chloride battery under various abnormal safety conditions such as over-discharge, overcurrent, short circuit, and temperature runaway, thereby protecting the battery, preventing the occurrence and escalation of safety accidents, and maximizing the inherent safety function of the battery.

[0050] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An intrinsically safe lithium thionyl chloride battery, characterized in that, The lithium thionyl chloride battery includes a battery casing, a negative electrode, a separator, a positive electrode, a current collector ring, a positive electrode post, and a nickel sheet. The negative electrode, the separator, the positive electrode, the current collector ring, and the nickel sheet are all disposed inside the battery casing, and the negative electrode, the separator, the positive electrode, and the current collector ring are arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside. The positive electrode, the current collector ring, and the battery casing are combined to form a receiving cavity, which is filled with electrolyte. The positive electrode post penetrates the battery housing and is disposed above the battery housing. One end of the nickel plate is connected to the positive electrode post, and the other end of the nickel plate is connected to the current collector ring. The nickel sheet includes a first nickel sheet, a second nickel sheet, and a third nickel sheet connected in sequence, wherein the cross-sectional radii of the first nickel sheet and the third nickel sheet are both larger than the cross-sectional radius of the second nickel sheet.

2. The intrinsically safe lithium thionyl chloride battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the nickel sheet is fitted with a protective sleeve, and the second nickel sheet is disposed inside the protective sleeve.

3. The intrinsically safe lithium thionyl chloride battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The protective sleeve is made of polytetrafluoroethylene or polytetrafluoroethylene.

4. The intrinsically safe lithium thionyl chloride battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nickel sheet has a serpentine, meandering structure.

5. The intrinsically safe lithium thionyl chloride battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positive electrode is provided with a receiving groove, and the current collecting ring is provided on the inner side wall of the receiving groove.

6. The intrinsically safe lithium thionyl chloride battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-sectional radius of the first nickel sheet is the same as that of the third nickel sheet.

7. The intrinsically safe lithium thionyl chloride battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nickel sheet is fixedly disposed between the positive electrode post and the current collector ring by welding.

8. The intrinsically safe lithium thionyl chloride battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery casing includes a battery cover and a battery outer shell, with the battery cover positioned above the battery outer shell.

9. The intrinsically safe lithium thionyl chloride battery according to claim 8, characterized in that, The battery cover plate is provided with a cover plate through hole adapted to the positive terminal post, and a sealing ring is provided in the cover plate through hole.

10. The intrinsically safe lithium thionyl chloride battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positive terminal has a T-shaped structure.

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