Energy storage converter supporting wireless bus

Abstract

The utility model provides an energy storage converter supporting a wireless bus, comprising a power conversion unit used for realizing DC-AC bidirectional conversion so as to satisfy energy conversion of an energy storage system in charging and discharging processes; the control unit is responsible for operation control and management of the energy storage converter, receives a control instruction from the EMS through the wireless interface unit, and sends out the operation state and data of the energy storage converter through the wireless interface unit; the protection unit is used for monitoring various electrical parameters in the energy storage converter and external environments such as a battery pack and a power grid in real time; the monitoring unit is used for monitoring various operation state parameters of the energy storage converter in real time, including input and output voltage, current, power, power factor and temperature of internal key components; and the wireless interface unit is used for realizing wireless data exchange between the energy storage converter and an external component. According to the utility model, the wiring system design of the energy storage system can be simplified, the installation and maintenance cost can be reduced, and the flexibility and expandability of the system can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to an energy storage converter that supports wireless bus. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing global emphasis on renewable energy, battery energy storage systems, as a key energy storage and management solution, are rapidly expanding their application scope. Prefabricated containerized energy storage modules, due to their modularity, ease of transport, and rapid deployment, are widely used in various scenarios, including grid-side, user-side, and microgrids. In these systems, the power conversion system (PCS) is the core component, responsible for bidirectional AC-DC and DC-AC conversion of electrical energy, directly impacting the performance and efficiency of the energy storage system. While performing power conversion, the PCS also needs to exchange a large amount of control and sensing data with other functional units in the energy storage system, such as other distributed PCS units, battery cluster management units (BCUs), battery management units (BMUs), energy management systems (EMS), fire control systems, and cooling systems. This data exchange typically involves numerous point-to-point or point-to-multipoint signal cable connections, covering fire protection, battery data sampling, signal synchronization, and data communication between internal and external modules. The resulting wiring complexity leads to numerous problems, including an excessive number of communication terminals on the external panels of each unit, disorganized lead wires, and a variety of communication terminal types. These issues not only complicate the operations of on-site personnel but also significantly increase the likelihood of wiring errors. Complex cabling not only increases installation difficulty and time costs but also complicates system maintenance and troubleshooting. Furthermore, wired connections offer limited flexibility and make it difficult to quickly adapt to changing needs when expanding or reconfiguring energy storage systems.

[0003] The emergence of wireless bus technology offers a new approach to solving the aforementioned problems. By employing wireless communication, cable connections between distributed PCS systems and external components in energy storage systems can be effectively reduced or even replaced, thereby simplifying system design, reducing installation and maintenance costs, and improving system flexibility and scalability. Therefore, designing an energy storage PCS product based on a wireless bus interface is of great significance for improving the overall performance and economy of containerized energy storage systems.

[0004] This invention addresses the aforementioned problems by proposing a storage converter PCS that supports a wireless bus interface. This simplifies the wiring system design of energy storage systems, reduces installation and maintenance costs, and improves system flexibility and scalability. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention proposes an energy storage converter supporting a wireless bus. The energy storage converter includes: a power conversion unit for realizing DC-AC bidirectional conversion to meet the energy conversion requirements of the energy storage system during charging and discharging; a control unit responsible for the operation control and management of the energy storage converter, receiving control commands from the EMS through a wireless interface unit, and transmitting the operating status and data of the energy storage converter through the wireless interface unit; a protection unit for real-time monitoring of various electrical parameters inside the energy storage converter and in the external environment such as the battery pack and the power grid; a monitoring unit for real-time monitoring of various operating status parameters of the energy storage converter, including input and output voltage, current, power, power factor, and temperature of key internal components; and a wireless interface unit for realizing wireless data exchange between the energy storage converter and external components.

[0006] The power conversion unit includes a DC input interface, a pre-charging device, a fuse, an LC filter circuit, an inverter / rectifier, an AC output interface, and an AC terminal filter circuit; the control unit includes a microcontroller (MCU), a memory, a clock circuit, a power management circuit, and a power conversion module drive circuit; the protection unit includes overvoltage protection circuit, undervoltage protection circuit, overcurrent protection circuit, short circuit protection circuit, and overtemperature protection circuit; the monitoring unit includes a voltage sensor, a current sensor, and a temperature sensor.

[0007] The DC side port of the power conversion unit is connected to the battery pack, and the AC side port is connected to the power grid; the protection unit is connected to the microcontroller MCU via SPI, I2C, or UART interface, and sends a protection trigger signal to it when a fault is detected; the monitoring unit is connected to the microcontroller MCU via SPI, I2C, or UART interface, and is used to send the collected operating parameters; the microcontroller MCU is connected to the wireless interface unit via SPI interface, and outputs PWM signals via GPIO interface to connect to the power conversion module drive circuit to control the switching of power devices.

[0008] The control unit is responsible for the operation control and management functions of the energy storage converter, including switching operating modes, monitoring voltage and current parameters on the grid and battery side, controlling the operating status of the power conversion module, and realizing the regulation of active and reactive power, control of grid-connected operation, and management of off-grid operation.

[0009] The external components include other distributed energy storage converters, BCU, EMS, fire control system, and cooling system.

[0010] The wireless interface unit includes a first wireless interface and a second wireless interface, wherein the first wireless interface is used to connect to other distributed energy storage converters and energy storage system EMS, and the second wireless interface is used to connect to BCU, fire protection and cooling system.

[0011] The first wireless interface is UWB, and the second wireless interface is Bluetooth Mesh.

[0012] The microcontroller (MCU) is a high-performance microprocessor based on the ARM Cortex-M series; the Bluetooth Mesh is a Bluetooth Mesh chip or module from Silicon Labs' EFR32 series, NXP's KW3 series, or TI's CC2642R series; and the UWB interface is a UWB transceiver from NXP's Trimension series or Microchip's ATA835x series.

[0013] Implementing this utility model can simplify the wiring system design of energy storage systems, reduce installation and maintenance costs, and improve the system's flexibility and scalability.

[0014] Other features and advantages of this utility model will become clearer after reading the detailed description of the embodiments of this utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To clearly illustrate the technical solution and embodiments of this utility model, the accompanying drawings are briefly described below. It should be noted that the drawings are primarily intended to explain the interconnections, structural features, and advantages of the various components of the device, and are not drawn to scale according to the actual dimensions of the device. Obviously, the drawings only relate to a limited set of embodiments and should not be construed as limiting the present utility model. Those skilled in the art can easily obtain new embodiments through formal variations based on these drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a functional structure block diagram of one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of a power conversion unit in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a functional structure diagram of the wireless interface unit in one embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The specific embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] This utility model proposes an energy storage converter that supports a wireless bus, and its functional structure block diagram is as follows. Figure 1 As shown. The energy storage converter includes:

[0021] The power conversion unit, as the core module, primarily functions to achieve bidirectional DC-AC conversion to meet the energy conversion requirements of the energy storage system during charging and discharging. During charging, this module converts the AC power input from the grid into DC power to charge the battery pack; during discharging, it converts the DC power stored in the battery pack into AC power to supply the grid or load.

[0022] The control unit, as the control center of the energy storage power conversion system (PCS), is responsible for the operation, control, and management of the entire PCS. Its main functions include monitoring parameters such as voltage and current on the grid and battery sides; controlling the operating status of the power conversion modules according to the system's operating mode and control strategy; and achieving active and reactive power regulation, grid-connected operation control, and off-grid operation management. In addition, the control module is also responsible for important functions such as PCS mode switching, fault diagnosis and handling, and the execution of protection logic. The control unit receives control commands from the energy storage system (EMS) or other systems through a wireless interface unit and transmits the PCS's operating status and data out through the interface unit.

[0023] The protection unit's main function is to provide comprehensive protection for the PCS system, ensuring its safe and stable operation under various abnormal conditions. The protection unit monitors various electrical parameters within the PCS and in the external environment, such as the battery pack and power grid, in real time. Once it detects faults such as overvoltage, undervoltage, overcurrent, short circuit, or overtemperature, it can quickly trigger corresponding protective actions, such as cutting off the drive signals of power devices or disconnecting from the power grid or battery pack, thereby preventing the fault from escalating and protecting the safety of equipment and personnel.

[0024] The monitoring unit's main function is to monitor various operational parameters of the energy storage PCS in real time, including input and output voltage, current, power, power factor, and the temperature of key internal components. The monitoring unit is also responsible for recording system operation logs and fault information, providing data support for system operation, maintenance, and fault analysis. The monitoring unit transmits the collected PCS operational data to the EMS or other monitoring systems via a wireless interface unit to achieve comprehensive monitoring and management of the entire energy storage system.

[0025] The wireless interface unit's main function is to enable wireless data exchange between the energy storage PCS and external components (including distributed PCS, BCU, EMS, fire control system, and cooling system).

[0026] Figure 2 The functional structure diagram of the power conversion unit is further provided. As can be seen from the diagram, the power conversion unit includes a DC input interface (connected to the battery pack), a pre-charging device, a fuse, an LC filter circuit, an inverter / rectifier, an AC output interface (connected to the power grid or load), and an AC terminal filter circuit.

[0027] The control unit includes a microcontroller (MCU), memory, clock circuit, power management circuit, and power conversion module driver circuit. The MCU controls the operation of the power conversion module through PWM signals and processes data and instructions from other modules.

[0028] The protection unit includes overvoltage protection circuit, undervoltage protection circuit, overcurrent protection circuit, short circuit protection circuit, overtemperature protection circuit, etc., and is used to monitor and protect the safety of the system.

[0029] The monitoring unit includes voltage sensors, current sensors, temperature sensors, etc., used to collect the operating parameters of the PCS.

[0030] The wireless interface unit includes a wireless transceiver chip and an antenna interface, used to enable wireless communication with external components.

[0031] The DC side port of the power conversion unit is connected to the battery pack, and the AC side port is connected to the power grid or load. When the protection unit detects a fault, it sends a protection signal to the control module via serial port SPI / I2C / UART. The monitoring unit sends the collected operating parameters to the control module via serial port SPI / I2C / UART. The control unit connects to the wireless interface unit via the SPI interface for data exchange, sending control commands and receiving external data; it outputs PWM signals via the GPIO interface to connect to the drive circuit of the power conversion module to control the switching of power devices.

[0032] The wireless interface unit includes a first wireless interface and a second wireless interface, such as... Figure 3As shown in the diagram, the first wireless interface connects to other PCS units and the energy storage system EMS, while the second wireless interface connects to components such as the BCU, fire protection system, and cooling system. The first wireless interface is UWB, and the second wireless interface is Bluetooth Mesh. Bluetooth Mesh topology possesses excellent self-organization and self-healing capabilities, providing redundant communication paths and improving network reliability. The PCS can act as a central node, while components such as the BCU, BMU, fire protection system, and cooling system act as other nodes in the Mesh network, enabling multi-hop communication. Based on the Bluetooth Mesh network, a dedicated application layer protocol is defined for communication between the energy storage PCS and its components. This protocol can be adapted and extended based on existing industrial communication protocols (such as Modbus) to enable operation on the Bluetooth Mesh network. The data format clearly defines the fields and meanings of various control commands, sensor data, status information, etc., and considers data compression and encryption to improve transmission efficiency and security. For example, control commands can include charge / discharge control, mode switching, and parameter configuration; sensor data can include battery voltage, current, temperature, SOC, and SOH; status information can include the PCS's operating status and fault alarms. Bluetooth Mesh combines frequency hopping and channel blacklist mechanisms to improve anti-interference capabilities. Its enforced security measures and support for multi-layer encryption provide high security. UWB technology, due to its extremely wide signal bandwidth and extremely low power spectral density, has strong resistance to narrowband interference, and UWB technology itself has high security, effectively preventing security threats such as relay attacks.

[0033] The Bluetooth Mesh interface can be selected from chips or modules that support Bluetooth Mesh, such as Silicon Labs' EFR32 series, NXP's KW3 series, or TI's CC2642R. The UWB interface can be selected from UWB transceivers such as NXP's Trimension series or Microchip's ATA835x series. The MCU is selected from high-performance microprocessors based on the ARM Cortex-M series. These MCUs have abundant on-chip resources, powerful processing capabilities, and low power consumption, which can meet the needs of complex control algorithms and data processing.

[0034] The energy storage converter solution proposed in this utility model selects Bluetooth Mesh technology and UWB technology as the main wireless communication solutions. Compared with the traditional wired connection solution, the energy storage PCS product with wireless bus interface has significant advantages in terms of installation, maintenance, cost (long-term) and flexibility.

[0035] The description of this utility model is given for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the utility model to the disclosed forms. The embodiments were chosen and described to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of the utility model, and to enable those skilled in the art to understand the utility model and design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for a particular purpose. All new embodiments that fall within the basic concept, construction principles, and spirit of this utility model, and are achieved through simple variations, modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements, should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model. The scope of this utility model is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An energy storage converter supporting a wireless bus, characterized in that, The energy storage converter includes: a power conversion unit for achieving bidirectional DC-AC conversion to meet the energy conversion requirements of the energy storage system during charging and discharging; a control unit responsible for the operation control and management of the energy storage converter, receiving control commands from the EMS via a wireless interface unit, and transmitting the operating status and data of the energy storage converter via the wireless interface unit; a protection unit for real-time monitoring of the electrical parameters inside the energy storage converter, as well as the battery pack and the power grid; a monitoring unit for real-time monitoring of the operating status parameters of the energy storage converter, including input and output voltage, current, power, power factor, and temperature of key internal components; and a wireless interface unit for enabling wireless data exchange between the energy storage converter and external components.

2. The energy storage converter supporting wireless bus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power conversion unit includes a DC input interface, a pre-charging device, a fuse, an LC filter circuit, an inverter / rectifier, an AC output interface, and an AC terminal filter circuit; the control unit includes a microcontroller (MCU), a memory, a clock circuit, a power management circuit, and a power conversion module drive circuit; the protection unit includes overvoltage protection circuit, undervoltage protection circuit, overcurrent protection circuit, short circuit protection circuit, and overtemperature protection circuit; the monitoring unit includes a voltage sensor, a current sensor, and a temperature sensor.

3. The energy storage converter supporting wireless bus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The DC side port of the power conversion unit is connected to the battery pack, and the AC side port is connected to the power grid; the protection unit is connected to the microcontroller MCU through an SPI, I2C, or UART interface, and sends a protection trigger signal to it when a fault is detected. The monitoring unit is connected to the microcontroller (MCU) via an SPI, I2C, or UART interface to send the collected operating parameters; the microcontroller (MCU) is connected to the wireless interface unit via an SPI interface and outputs PWM signals via a GPIO interface to connect to the power conversion module drive circuit to control the switching of power devices.

4. The energy storage converter supporting wireless bus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control unit is responsible for the operation control and management functions of the energy storage converter, including switching operating modes, monitoring voltage and current parameters on the grid and battery side, controlling the operating status of the power conversion module, and realizing the regulation of active and reactive power, control of grid-connected operation, and management of off-grid operation.

5. The energy storage converter supporting wireless bus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external components include other distributed energy storage converters, BCU, EMS, fire control system, and cooling system.

6. The energy storage converter supporting wireless bus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wireless interface unit includes a first wireless interface and a second wireless interface, wherein the first wireless interface is used to connect to other distributed energy storage converters and energy storage system EMS, and the second wireless interface is used to connect to BCU, fire protection and cooling system.

7. The energy storage converter supporting wireless bus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first wireless interface is UWB, and the second wireless interface is Bluetooth Mesh.

8. The energy storage converter supporting wireless bus according to claim 7, characterized in that, The Bluetooth Mesh is a Bluetooth Mesh chip or module from Silicon Labs' EFR32 series, NXP's KW3 series, or TI's CC2642R series; the UWB interface is a UWB transceiver from NXP's Trimension series or Microchip's ATA835x series.

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