Device for planting and observing submerged plants in situ

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of water ecological restoration, in particular to a device for planting and observing submerged plants in situ, which comprises an overwater device, an underwater device and a fixing rod, the overwater device is connected with the fixing rod and can move up and down along the fixing rod, and the underwater device is arranged below the overwater device. The overwater device comprises a floating bed and a framework arranged on the floating bed, and is characterized in that the framework comprises a first frame and a second frame, the first frame is arranged above the second frame, a plurality of supporting rods are further arranged between the first frame and the second frame, one end of each supporting rod is fixed to the first frame, and the other end of each supporting rod is fixed to the second frame. According to the device, the double-layer frame is arranged and matched with the supporting rods to form a groove-shaped structure, so that the floating bed is clamped and fixed, and the device is simple in structure, low in manufacturing cost, high in practicability, convenient to manufacture and capable of being massively manufactured according to needs to meet experiment requirements.

Description

A device for in-situ cultivation and observation of submerged plants Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of aquatic ecological restoration, and more specifically, to a device for in-situ planting and observation of submerged plants. Background Technology

[0002] Submerged plants play a crucial role in lake ecosystems because they absorb nutrients, secrete allelochemicals to inhibit algal growth and reproduction, and provide diverse habitats for other aquatic organisms. Furthermore, submerged plants are not only the main primary producers in shallow lake ecosystems but also important biological measures for controlling pollution loads and improving water quality. Particularly in shallow lake ecosystems, submerged plants play a key role in the reversal of algal-dominated turbid water stability to grass-dominated clear water stability. Restoring submerged vegetation is a crucial link in rebuilding a healthy aquatic ecosystem, maintaining good water quality and rich biodiversity in shallow lakes.

[0003] In real-world environments, the growth of submerged plants is limited by environmental factors such as water depth, temperature, pH, light intensity, and turbidity. Among these, underwater effective light intensity is considered one of the most important factors affecting the growth and distribution of submerged plants, and insufficient underwater light is a direct cause of their demise. Water depth and turbidity are two main reasons why changes in underwater light intensity can weaken underwater effective light intensity. In water, light attenuation depends on wavelength and light quality, both of which vary with water depth. As water depth increases, the ratio of red to far-red light increases, leading to morphological changes in submerged plants. Simultaneously, submerged plants are typically shade-loving plants; excessive light inhibits photosynthesis, affecting their normal growth and development. Different submerged plants have different water level tolerances, and the amplitude, frequency, timing, duration, and rate of change of water level all influence aquatic vegetation. Ecological floating bed technology, as an in-situ remediation and control technology for eutrophic water bodies, has been widely studied and applied. Ecological floating beds are generally planted with submerged plants. However, existing floating beds planted with submerged plants have certain drawbacks, such as those described in publication number CN 211080122. A Chinese utility model patent (U.S. Patent No. 1) discloses a protective device for planting submerged plants on river and lake banks. The device includes an outer fixing frame, with posts fixedly connected to both sides of the bottom of the frame. A first support rod is fixedly connected to the center of the top of the inner cavity of the outer fixing frame, and a second support rod is fixedly connected to the center of the left side of the inner cavity. The inner cavity of the outer fixing frame has a planting trough, with fixing rods fixedly connected to the four corners of the planting trough. A fixing ring is fixedly connected to the end of each fixing rod away from the outer fixing frame. A soil sealing groove is formed in the inner cavity of the fixing ring, and a potting soil cover net is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the soil sealing groove. An elastic tightening ring is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the potting soil cover net, and a tightening groove is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the elastic tightening ring. A rigid fixing ring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing ring, and a hollow groove is formed in the inner cavity of the rigid fixing ring. A cultivation net is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rigid fixing ring, and a potting soil filling groove is formed in the inner cavity of the cultivation net. The planting net of this planting device is located in the middle of the device and cannot be raised or lowered, making it impossible to frequently observe the submerged plants and thus failing to meet the requirements.For example, Chinese patent number CN 201621159533.5 discloses a safe shallow lake submerged plant planting device, which includes: a buoyancy pontoon layer, a pontoon fixing frame, a planting frame, a submerged plant planting bed, and a bottomed fishing net. The buoyancy pontoon layer is composed of several detachable pontoons connected together. The pontoon fixing frame is composed of several pontoon fixing columns. The lower end of each pontoon fixing column is fixed to the bottom of the shallow lake. The buoyancy pontoon layer is connected to the pontoon fixing columns and can slide up and down on the pontoon fixing columns. The planting frame is horizontally fixed to the buoyancy pontoon layer. Several planting bed fixing rods are fixed in the planting frame and are located in the space enclosed by the buoyancy pontoon layer. The submerged plant planting bed is connected to the planting bed fixing rods by connecting ropes. Submerged plants are planted on the submerged plant planting bed. The lower part of the submerged plant planting bed is connected to a first anchor. The upper part of the fishing net is fixedly connected to the buoyancy pontoon layer and / or the planting frame, and the submerged plant planting bed is contained in the fishing net. The lower part of the fishing net is connected to a second anchor. The planting bed of this planting device is located in the middle of the buoyancy pontoon layer. When it is necessary to observe the submerged plants, the experimenters need to go to the buoyancy pontoon layer to work, or a lifting device needs to be set up. Therefore, this planting device requires a high investment and a relatively complex setup to ensure its stability and meet the needs of frequent observation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to overcome at least one defect (deficiency) of the prior art and provide a device for in-situ planting and observation of submerged plants, which solves the problem that existing devices for planting submerged plants require complex structures and high manufacturing costs in order to facilitate frequent observation of submerged plants.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model is a device for in-situ planting and observation of submerged plants, including an above-water device and an underwater device, with the underwater device located below the above-water device; the above-water device includes a floating bed and a frame set on the floating bed, characterized in that the frame includes a first frame and a second frame, the first frame is located above the second frame, and a plurality of support rods are also provided between the first frame and the second frame, one end of the support rod being fixed to the first frame and the other end being fixed to the second frame.

[0006] The in-situ planting and observation device for submerged plants is equipped with a fixed rod, one end of which is inserted into the riverbed, while the other end protrudes above the water. The above-water device is connected to the fixed rod, thus securing it and preventing horizontal movement. The above-water device floats on the water surface and rises and falls with the water level. The underwater device, used for planting submerged plants, is positioned below the above-water device and submerged in the water. It rises and falls with the above-water device, maintaining a constant distance from the water surface. The above-water device includes a floating bed and a frame mounted on the floating bed. The floating bed is composed of foam columns wrapped in fabric. The foam has buoyancy, ensuring the above-water device remains afloat. Wrapping it in fabric prevents the foam from breaking or being damaged under stress. The frame secures the floating bed, preventing deformation and movement due to wind and waves, and connects to the underwater device. The frame is typically made of metal, and underwater devices are suspended beneath it, making it less susceptible to the effects of wind and waves. In contrast, the floating bed is more affected by wind and waves, and over time, the connection between the floating bed and the frame can loosen or detach, affecting the structural stability of the planting device. The frame of this in-situ planting and observation device for submerged plants consists of a first frame, a second frame, and multiple support rods. Compared to a frame formed by a single frame, this structure is more stable, has a tighter connection with the floating bed, and is more secure. This prevents the floating bed from undergoing excessive displacement and deformation due to the constant influence of wind and waves, thus ensuring structural stability.

[0007] Furthermore, the floating bed is an outwardly expanding quadrilateral floating structure formed by multiple floating columns. Each floating column has an upper side, a lower side, an inner side, and an outer side. Its inner side is arc-shaped, and the distance between the upper side and the lower side is the thickness of the floating column. The first frame and the second frame are rigid quadrilateral structures, both of which are set on the inner side of the floating column. The first frame is located on the upper side of the floating column, and the second frame is located on the lower side of the floating column.

[0008] The floating bed is a quadrilateral structure composed of multiple buoys, with each corner connected to a fixed rod to prevent horizontal movement. However, due to the buoys' considerable length (approximately 5 meters), while the ends are fixed, the middle section can bend or deform under the influence of wind and waves. The first and second frames, both made of metal, possess strength and rigidity, effectively securing the floating bed and preventing bending or deformation. The quadrilateral structure offers strong stability and resistance to wind and waves, high space utilization, and convenient construction and maintenance. Positioning the first and second frames on the inner side of the floating bed allows for the use of less material compared to the outer side of the buoys, saving material and reducing the weight of the frame. After installation, the first frame is located on the upper side of the buoys, and the second frame on the lower side, interlocking to secure the buoys.

[0009] Furthermore, the angle α between the line connecting the edge of the first frame and the central axis of the buoy and the horizontal plane is greater than the angle α1 between the line connecting the edge of the second frame and the center point of the buoy and the horizontal plane, wherein the angle α is 40 to 50 degrees, the angle α1 is 30 to 45 degrees, and the ratio of the vertical distance L between the first frame and the second frame to the thickness H of the buoy is 0.70 to 0.90.

[0010] The first and second frames are relatively thin compared to the buoy. If the distance between the first and second frames is too small, they cannot effectively engage with the buoy, and may slide downwards under the tension of the underwater device. Setting the angle α between the line connecting the edge of the first frame to the central axis of the buoy and the horizontal plane to be greater than the angle α1 between the line connecting the edge of the second frame to the center point of the buoy and the horizontal plane, and making the area of ​​the second frame smaller than that of the first frame, facilitates construction. The fabricated frame is placed on a floating bed, and under the weight of the frame or by applying downward pressure, it can be installed on the floating bed. An angle α of 40–50 degrees ensures the second frame is located on the upper side of the buoy, providing support. An angle α1 of 30–45 degrees ensures the second frame is above the water surface, facilitating connection to the underwater device.

[0011] Furthermore, the support rod is arc-shaped, with a radius of curvature 1.2 to 1.5 times the thickness of the float. The support rods located on the sides of the quadrilateral protrude to the opposite side, and the support rods located at the corners protrude to the opposite corner. The ratio of the area S1 enclosed by the first frame to the area S2 enclosed by the second frame and the area S3 enclosed by the inner side of the float bed is 1:0.98 to 0.96:0.95 to 0.90.

[0012] The support rod is designed in an arc shape, forming a concave groove structure with the first and second frames to secure the buoy within the groove. Setting the radius of the arc of the support rod to 1.2 to 1.5 times the thickness of the buoy allows the arc of the support rod to match the inner surface of the buoy, resulting in a tighter contact between the buoy and the first and second frames, and thus a more robust connection. Furthermore, the arc-shaped support rod design significantly improves resistance to wind and waves by dispersing stress. The ratio of the area S1 formed by the first frame enclosure to the area S2 formed by the second frame enclosure to the area S3 formed by the inner side of the floating bed is set to 1:0.98~0.96:0.95~0.90. The inner side of the floating bed is arc-shaped, and the first frame and the second frame are located on the upper and lower sides of the buoy, respectively. Therefore, the areas of the first frame and the second frame are both larger than the area formed by the inner side of the floating bed. In order to make the first frame and the second frame fit better with the floating bed, the difference between the area S1 formed by the first frame enclosure, the area S2 formed by the second frame enclosure, and the area S3 formed by the inner side of the floating bed should not be too large.

[0013] Furthermore, the first frame is provided with multiple limiting rods, which are located above the float. One end of the limiting rod is fixed to the first frame, and the other end extends to the outer side of the float and forms a downward hook.

[0014] The floating bed is tied to the frame with nylon ropes. With the constant influence of wind and waves, the nylon ropes may loosen, making the floating bed unstable. Limiting rods are installed on the first frame to firmly secure the floating bed to the frame and prevent excessive distance between it and the frame. Additionally, the limiting rods are positioned above the buoys to prevent the first and second frames from sliding down. Fixing rods are located at the four corners to secure the water-based device and prevent horizontal movement. The fixing rods are connected to the limiting rods on adjacent sides by fixing ropes, forming a flat surface for better fixation of the water-based device. The fixing ropes are flexible to allow the water-based device to rise and fall with the water level. Compared to using loops on the fixing rods and then connecting the water-based device to the loops for water level adjustment, using flexible ropes is simpler, more secure, and less prone to damage or jamming. This planting device is typically used in shallow lakes or rivers where the waves are not too large, but the current may still affect it. Therefore, fixing rods can be installed in the middle of the four sides of the first frame, and two adjacent limiting rods on that side can be connected by fixing ropes to further secure the device. This also helps to prevent the buoys from moving inwards.

[0015] Furthermore, the length of the limiting rod is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the width of the float.

[0016] The limiting rod is positioned above the float, and its hook at the end restricts the float. If the limiting rod is too long, the hook will create a distance between itself and the float, hindering its control. Conversely, if the limiting rod is too short, the hook will be ineffective in restricting the float. Setting the length of the limiting rod to 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the float's width, with the hook fitting snugly against the outer surface of the float, effectively restricts its movement.

[0017] Furthermore, crisscrossing pull ropes are arranged between the second frames. These pull ropes are flexible and are evenly distributed to form a mesh structure.

[0018] When the buoy is subjected to wind, waves, and currents, it will move and expand outwards. The crisscrossing guy ropes installed between the second frame provide tensile strength and prevent the floating bed from expanding further. When observing submerged plants, small boats need to approach the floating device, inevitably touching the floating bed. The guy ropes are made of flexible ropes to resist impacts and prevent damage to the floating bed from collisions with the small boats. The guy ropes are made of nylon or polyethylene with a tensile strength ≥500N.

[0019] Furthermore, the unit grid area of ​​the mesh structure is 1.5–3.5 m². 2 The area difference between the largest and smallest cell grids is no greater than 0.2m. 2 Furthermore, a first float is provided at the intersection of the pull ropes.

[0020] Some submerged plants may have vines. A rope can be used for the vines to climb, creating a downward pull on the rope. A first buoy can be attached to the rope, using its buoyancy to create an upward force on the rope. Since climbing vines may block sunlight, the grid cells should be evenly spaced to avoid some cells being too small, which would obstruct sunlight and hinder the growth of the submerged plants.

[0021] Furthermore, the underwater device includes nutrient soil and a planting bucket containing the nutrient soil. The planting bucket is connected to a second frame via a connecting rope, which is a flexible rope. Multiple second floats are installed on the second frame. The nutrient soil includes bottom mud at the bottom of the planting bucket, fine sand above the bottom mud, and coarse gravel above the fine sand.

[0022] The underwater device is used for planting submerged plants, including nutrient soil for planting the plants and planting buckets to hold the nutrient soil. The planting buckets are connected to a second frame via connecting ropes, and the underwater device can be raised and lowered by adjusting the length of the connecting ropes. To observe the plants, a small boat can approach the floating bed, and the connecting ropes can be retracted outside the floating bed to lift the planting buckets out of the water. Compared to placing the underwater device in the middle of the floating bed, there is no need for complex devices for personnel to stand or walk on. Furthermore, lifting devices are prone to damage and require frequent maintenance, making them impractical. Using flexible connecting ropes to achieve the raising and lowering of the underwater device is simpler and easier to operate. By placing the underwater device on the second frame, the overall stress point of the above-water device is lower, resulting in a more stable structure. A second buoy is installed on the second frame, and the buoyancy of the buoy creates an upward pull on the second frame. This, together with the floating bed, counteracts the downward pull exerted by the underwater device on the second frame, as well as the weight of the skeletal structure, keeping it above the water surface.

[0023] The substrate, rich in organic matter, minerals, and microorganisms, is the primary nutrient source for submerged plants. The soft substrate also facilitates the downward extension of plant roots for nutrient absorption. Fine sand particles, with their compact structure, stabilize plant roots, preventing them from floating due to water flow or biological activity. Furthermore, the fine sand acts as a barrier, preventing organic particles from the substrate from entering the water and maintaining its clarity. Coarse gravel, with its greater weight, further prevents the substrate and fine sand from being disturbed by water flow or fish. It also increases the weight of the planting container, preventing it from tilting or tipping over in the event of wind or waves.

[0024] Furthermore, the planting bucket is located at the connection between the pull rope and the second frame, the distance between two adjacent planting buckets is 1.2 to 2.3 m, and the weight difference between the planting buckets on opposite sides does not exceed 20%.

[0025] The pull ropes are evenly distributed within the second frame. The planting buckets are positioned at the junction of the pull ropes and the second frame for easy positioning, ensuring even distribution and symmetrical arrangement of the buckets on the sides. Furthermore, the proximity of the planting buckets to the pull ropes facilitates vine climbing. Since the climbing vines will block some sunlight, adjacent planting buckets should be spaced a certain distance apart to allow sunlight to reach the underwater buckets. The weight of the planting buckets on opposite sides should not differ too much to ensure the balance of the planting device.

[0026] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The frame is designed with a double-layer structure, increasing its own strength while making its connection with the floating bed more secure. The frame includes a first frame, a second frame, and support rods. The support rods are arc-shaped, with their curvature matching the inner surface of the buoy, forming a concave groove structure with the first and second frames. The arc-shaped support rod design significantly improves the ability to resist wind and waves by dispersing stress. The area of ​​the first frame is larger than that of the second frame, while the area enclosed by the inner surface of the floating bed is smaller than that of the second frame. During installation, the frame is simply placed on the floating bed; its own weight or a downward pressure will install it. After installation, the first frame is located on the upper side of the buoy, and the second frame is located on the lower side of the buoy. Together with the support rods, they engage with the floating bed, thus fixing the frame to it. The floating bed also provides support to the first frame, preventing the frame structure from sliding under stress. Furthermore, a limiting rod is installed on the first frame to prevent the frame from sliding down. A downward hook on the limiting rod prevents the buoy from expanding outwards and detaching from the frame. The second frame is located below the first frame, and the underwater device is mounted on it. The overall stress point of the above-water device is lower, making the structure more stable. When observing submerged plants, a small boat can be used to approach the floating bed, allowing operation from outside the bed without standing or walking on it, thus eliminating the need for complex devices to ensure stability and safety. Multiple second buoys on the second frame utilize their buoyancy to create an upward pulling force on the second frame. This force, combined with the floating bed, counteracts the pulling force of the underwater device and the frame's own weight, allowing the second frame to remain above the water for convenient operation of the underwater device. Both the frame and the floating bed are quadrilateral structures. The four corners are relatively stable, while the middle parts, being farther from the corners, may still deform or move. Multiple crisscrossing ropes are evenly arranged between opposite sides of the second frame to prevent the floating bed from expanding outwards. These ropes also provide a climbing surface for some submerged plant vines. First buoys are placed at the intersections of the ropes to utilize their buoyancy and prevent the ropes from being pulled into the water. When the small boat approaches the floating bed, contact is inevitable, potentially causing impact. Therefore, flexible ropes are required to prevent damage to the floating bed. The underwater device is used for planting submerged plants, including nutrient soil and planting containers. The nutrient soil consists of bottom mud, fine sand above the bottom mud, and coarse gravel above the fine sand. The bottom mud is the primary source of nutrients for the submerged plants, and the loose mud layer facilitates the downward extension of the plant roots for nutrient absorption. Fine sand stabilizes plant roots, preventing plants from floating due to water flow or biological activity. It also prevents organic particles from the bottom sediment from entering the water, keeping the water clear. Coarse gravel, being heavier, further prevents the bottom sediment and fine sand from being disturbed by water flow or fish. It also increases the weight of the planting container, preventing it from tilting or tipping over in the face of wind and waves.The planting container is connected to the second frame via a connecting rope, allowing the underwater device to be raised and lowered by adjusting the length of the rope. When plant observation is needed, the planting container can be lifted out of the water by retracting the connecting rope. The structure is simple and the operation is convenient. This device is simple in structure, low in manufacturing cost, highly practical, and easy to manufacture. It can be mass-produced as needed to meet experimental requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of this utility model.

[0028] Figure 2 is a structural diagram of the water-based device of this utility model.

[0029] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the float of this utility model.

[0030] Figure 4 is a structural diagram of the skeleton and underwater device of this utility model.

[0031] Figure 5 is a side view of the skeleton of this utility model.

[0032] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the first frame and the second frame.

[0033] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the area enclosed by the inner side of the floating bed. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this invention. To better illustrate the following embodiments, some components in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual dimensions of the product. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0035] As shown in Figure 1, a device for in-situ planting and observation of submerged plants includes an above-water device 1, an underwater device 2, and a fixed rod 3. The above-water device 1 is connected to the fixed rod 3 and can move up and down along the fixed rod 3. The underwater device 2 is located below the above-water device 1. The above-water device 1 includes a floating bed 4 and a frame 5 connected to the floating bed 4. The frame 5 includes a first frame 51 and a second frame 52. The first frame 51 is located above the second frame 52. A plurality of support rods 53 are also provided between the first frame 51 and the second frame 52. One end of the support rod 53 is connected to the first frame 51, and the other end is connected to the second frame 52.

[0036] Specifically, as shown in Figures 1 to 3, the floating bed 4 is a quadrilateral structure formed by multiple floats 41, which floats on the water surface. The floats 41 are foam columns wrapped in woven fabric, and their cross-sections can be circular, elliptical, or other shapes. They have an upper side, a lower side, an inner side, and an outer side. The lower side is in contact with the water surface. The distance between the upper side and the lower side is the thickness D of the float 41, and the distance between the inner side and the outer side is the width B of the float 41.

[0037] As shown in Figures 4 to 7, both the first frame 51 and the second frame 52 are quadrilateral structures made of steel pipes, with the first frame 51 positioned above the second frame 52. Multiple support rods 53 are arranged between the first frame 51 and the second frame 52, with a certain distance L1 between adjacent support rods 53, preferably 0.8–1.2 m. Furthermore, the support rods 53 are arc-shaped, with their curvature matching the inner surface of the float 41. Preferably, their radius of curvature R is 1.2–1.5 times the thickness D of the float. The support rods 53 positioned on the four sides of the quadrilateral protrude towards opposite sides, and the support rods 53 positioned at the four corners of the quadrilateral protrude diagonally. The support rods 53, together with the first frame 51 and the second frame 52, form an inwardly recessed groove. The float 41 is disposed on the outside of the first frame 51 and the second frame 52, and the inner side of the float 41 is located in the groove formed by the first frame 51, the second frame 52 and the support rod 53, and is fixed to the first frame 51 and the second frame 52 by a nylon rope 42.

[0038] As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the area S1 enclosed by the first frame is larger than the area S2 enclosed by the second frame, which is larger than the area S3 enclosed by the inner side of the float bed. Preferably, the ratio of S1 to S2 and S3 is 1:0.98-0.96:0.95-0.90. During installation, the frame 5 is placed on the float bed 4. Under the action of gravity or by applying downward pressure, the frame 5 can be installed on the float bed 4. The groove formed by the frame engages with the float 41. After engagement, the frame 5 is securely tied to the float bed 4 with nylon rope. As shown in Figure 3, after installation, the first frame 51 is located on the upper side of the float 41, and the second frame 52 is located on the lower side of the float 41. The angle α between the line connecting the edge of the first frame 51 and the central axis of the float 41 and the horizontal plane is larger than the angle α1 between the line connecting the edge of the second frame 52 and the center point of the float 41 and the horizontal plane. Preferably, the angle α is 40-50 degrees, and the angle α1 is 30-45 degrees. The first frame 51 and the second frame 52 are spaced apart by a certain distance L, and the ratio of this distance L to the thickness D of the buoy 4 is 0.7 to 0.9. Compared with the traditional single-layer frame, the fixation strength of this floating bed frame is increased by 30%.

[0039] As shown in Figures 1 and 4, to further secure the float 4 to the frame 5, multiple limiting rods 54 are also provided on the first frame 51. These limiting rods 54 are positioned above the upper side of the float 41, and their shape matches the upper side of the float 41. The limiting rods 54 prevent the frame 5 from sliding down. One end of the limiting rod 54 is fixed to the first frame 51, and the other end extends to the outer side of the float 41, forming a downward hook. This hook prevents the float 41 from detaching from the frame 5. The length L3 of the limiting rod 54 is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the width B of the float.

[0040] As shown in Figure 1, fixing rods 3 are installed at the four corners of the water-based device 1. One end of each fixing rod 3 is inserted into the riverbed, while the other end protrudes above the water surface. The fixing rods 3 are connected to the water-based device 1 via fixing ropes 31, thus preventing horizontal movement of the device 1. Specifically, each fixing rod 3 has two fixing ropes 31. The other ends of the two fixing ropes 31 are connected to limiting rods 54 on the two sides forming that corner, forming a plane and making the water-based device 1 more securely fixed. The fixing ropes 31 are flexible and have a certain length, allowing the water-based device 1 to rise and fall according to the water level. Alternatively, depending on the environment, fixing rods 3 can be installed in the middle of the four sides of the water-based device 1. In this case, the other ends of the two fixing ropes 31 are connected to two adjacent limiting rods 54 on the same side.

[0041] As shown in Figure 4, multiple second floats 521 are evenly distributed on the second frame 52, with a distance L4 between adjacent floats 521 ranging from 0.7 to 1.3 meters to ensure balanced force distribution on the second frame 52. Each float 521 has a circular hole for mounting onto the second frame 52. Multiple crisscrossing pull ropes 522 are evenly distributed between opposite sides of the second frame 52, forming a mesh structure. These pull ropes 522 are flexible ropes, made of nylon or polyethylene, with a tensile strength ≥500N. Their ends are connected to opposite sides of the second frame 52, and multiple first floats 523 are mounted at the intersections of the pull ropes 522. Since some submerged plants may grow vines that climb the pull ropes 522 and block sunlight, the unit grid area cannot be too small to allow sunlight to pass through. Preferably, the unit grid area S4 is 1.5 to 3.5 m². 2 Furthermore, the area difference between the largest and smallest cell grids is no greater than 0.2m. 2 .

[0042] As shown in Figures 1 and 4, the underwater device 2 includes nutrient soil 21 for planting submerged plants and planting buckets 22 for containing the nutrient soil 21. The planting buckets 22 are suspended below the second frame 52 by connecting ropes 23. Specifically, the connecting ropes 23 are flexible ropes and are located at the connection between the second frame 52 and the pull rope 522, so that the planting buckets 22 are as close as possible to the pull rope 522. The distance L2 between two adjacent planting buckets is 1.2 to 2.3 m. The connecting ropes 23 include a first connecting rope 231 and multiple second connecting ropes 232. One end of the first connecting rope 231 is connected to the second frame 52, and the other end is connected to the multiple second connecting ropes 232. The upper sidewall of the planting bucket 22 has multiple connecting holes evenly distributed, preferably 3 to 4. The other ends of the multiple second connecting ropes 232 pass through the connecting holes and are connected to the planting bucket, and the multiple second connecting ropes 232 are of the same length. The lengths of the first connecting rope 231 and the second connecting ropes 232 are adjustable, and a suitable length can be selected as needed. When it is necessary to observe submerged plants, the planting container 22 can be lifted out by retracting the connecting rope 23.

[0043] The nutrient soil 21 includes bottom mud 211 at the bottom of the planting container 22, fine sand 212 above the bottom mud 211, and gravel 213 above the fine sand 212. The bottom mud 211 provides a nutrient source for submerged plants and facilitates the downward extension of their roots for nutrient absorption. The fine sand 212 stabilizes the plant roots, preventing the plants from floating due to water flow or biological activity, and blocks organic particles from the bottom mud from entering the water, maintaining water clarity. The gravel 213, being heavier, further prevents the bottom mud and fine sand from being disturbed by water flow or fish. It also increases the weight of the planting container 22, preventing it from tilting or tipping over in the event of wind and waves. The weights of the different planting containers 22 should be the same or similar, and the weight difference between two adjacent planting containers 22 should not exceed 20% to ensure the balance of the planting device.

[0044] Obviously, the above embodiments of this utility model are merely examples for clearly illustrating the technical solution of this utility model, and are not intended to limit the specific implementation of this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the claims of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A device for in-situ planting and observation of submerged plants, comprising an above-water device and an underwater device, wherein the underwater device is disposed below the above-water device; the above-water device comprises a floating bed and a frame disposed on the floating bed, characterized in that, The skeleton includes a first frame and a second frame. The first frame is disposed above the second frame. A plurality of support rods are also disposed between the first frame and the second frame. One end of each support rod is fixed to the first frame and the other end is fixed to the second frame.

2. The device for in-situ planting and observation of submerged plants according to claim 1, characterized in that, The floating bed is an outwardly expanding quadrilateral floating structure composed of multiple floating columns. Each floating column has an upper side, a lower side, an inner side, and an outer side. Its inner side is arc-shaped. The distance between the upper and lower sides is the thickness of the floating column, and the distance between the inner and outer sides is the width of the floating column. The first frame and the second frame are rigid quadrilateral structures, both located on the inner side of the floating column. The first frame is located on the upper side of the floating column, and the second frame is located on the lower side of the floating column.

3. The device for in-situ planting and observation of submerged plants according to claim 2, characterized in that, The angle α between the line connecting the edge of the first frame and the central axis of the buoy and the horizontal plane is greater than the angle α1 between the line connecting the edge of the second frame and the center point of the buoy and the horizontal plane. The angle α is 40 to 50 degrees and the angle α1 is 30 to 45 degrees. The ratio of the vertical distance L between the first frame and the second frame to the thickness H of the buoy is 0.70 to 0.

90.

4. The device for in-situ planting and observation of submerged plants according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support rod is arc-shaped, with a radius of curvature 1.2 to 1.5 times the thickness of the float. The support rods on the sides of the quadrilateral protrude to the opposite side, and the support rods at the corners protrude to the opposite corner. The ratio of the area S1 enclosed by the first frame to the area S2 enclosed by the second frame to the area S3 enclosed by the inner side of the float is 1:0.98 to 0.96:0.95 to 0.

90.

5. The device for in-situ planting and observation of submerged plants according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first frame is provided with multiple limiting rods, which are located above the float. One end of the limiting rod is fixed to the first frame, and the other end extends to the outer side of the float and forms a downward hook.

6. The device for in-situ planting and observation of submerged plants according to claim 5, characterized in that, The length of the limiting rod is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the width of the float.

7. A device for in-situ planting and observation of submerged plants according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that, The second frame is connected by crisscrossing pull ropes, which are flexible ropes and are evenly distributed to form a mesh structure.

8. The device for in-situ planting and observation of submerged plants according to claim 7, characterized in that, The unit grid area of ​​the mesh structure is 1.5–3.5 m². 2 The difference in area between the largest and smallest grid cells is no greater than 0.2m. 2 Furthermore, a first float is provided at the intersection of the pull ropes.

9. The device for in-situ planting and observation of submerged plants according to claim 8, characterized in that, The underwater device includes nutrient soil and a planting bucket containing the nutrient soil. The planting bucket is connected to a second frame via a connecting rope, and the second frame is equipped with multiple second floats. The nutrient soil includes bottom mud at the bottom of the planting bucket, fine sand above the bottom mud, and coarse gravel above the fine sand.

10. The device for in-situ planting and observation of submerged plants according to claim 9, characterized in that, The planting bucket is located at the connection between the pull rope and the second frame. The distance between two adjacent planting buckets is 1.2 to 2.3 meters, and the weight difference between the two planting buckets on opposite sides does not exceed 20%.

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