Tail gas double-cyclone dust removal device for chemical fertilizer production

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of chemical fertilizer production tail gas treatment, in particular to a chemical fertilizer production tail gas double-cyclone dust removal device which comprises a main shell, a first cyclone cylinder, a second cyclone cylinder, a dust collection bin, a flow guide plate, a discharge valve, a gas inlet pipe and an exhaust pipe. According to the device, dust grading treatment is achieved through the two-stage cyclone separation structure, the tail gas purification efficiency is remarkably improved, meanwhile, the conical flow guide cover is arranged to avoid dust accumulation, the filter screen and the silencer are arranged, and the blocking risk and operation noise are effectively reduced. Dust particles in tail gas can be efficiently removed, the equipment maintenance cost is reduced, and the environmental protection performance and the operation reliability are improved.

Description

A dual cyclone dust collector for exhaust gas in fertilizer production Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of environmental protection and chemical equipment technology, specifically a dual cyclone dust removal device for tail gas in fertilizer production. Background Technology

[0002] Fertilizer production equipment is widely used in industrial production to manufacture various agricultural fertilizers. Its process typically includes raw material mixing, granulation, drying, and cooling. These processes generate a large amount of exhaust gas, which contains particulate matter. For example, common fertilizer production exhaust gas contains incompletely collected powdery materials, fine particles, and impurities. A search revealed a dust recovery device and method (publication number CN105148669B, published on July 28, 2017). This design combines dry and wet dust collection to effectively recover excess fertilizer powder and remove impurities. However, this design relies primarily on wet dust collection for final purification. When handling high-concentration dust exhaust gas, wet dust collection is prone to clogging and requires frequent absorbent replacement, increasing operating costs and maintenance difficulty. Furthermore, the device is not optimized for the characteristics of particulate matter in the exhaust gas, potentially resulting in some fine particles not being completely removed.

[0003] Traditional exhaust gas treatment often uses sedimentation chambers for dust settling. This method requires regular cleaning of the deposits, making it cumbersome and space-consuming. To overcome these problems, a dual-cyclone dust collector is proposed. This device achieves high-efficiency dust removal through a two-stage cyclone separation structure, reducing the risk of equipment blockage and providing periodic emission functions, thereby improving overall operating efficiency and environmental performance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a dual-cyclone dust removal device for fertilizer production exhaust gas. This device replaces the traditional sedimentation chamber and wet dust removal device with a dual-stage cyclone separation structure, solving the problems of easy clogging, high operating costs, and difficulty in completely removing fine particulate matter in the treatment of high-concentration dust exhaust gas. It also features a periodic emission function, significantly improving the equipment's operating efficiency and environmental performance.

[0005] A dual-cyclone dust collector for fertilizer production exhaust gas includes a main shell, a guide plate, a first cyclone, a second cyclone, a dust collection bin, a discharge valve, an inlet pipe, and an exhaust pipe. The main shell forms the main frame of the entire device and contains two independent cyclone separation units: the first cyclone and the second cyclone. The first cyclone is located in the upper part of the main shell, and its bottom is connected to the top of the second cyclone, forming a series-connected two-stage separation structure. The bottom of the second cyclone is connected to the dust collection bin, which collects dust particles separated from the exhaust gas. A discharge valve is located at the bottom of the dust collection bin for periodically discharging the deposited dust. The inlet pipe is located on one side of the main shell and connected to the top inlet of the first cyclone to introduce dust-laden exhaust gas; the exhaust pipe is located on the other side of the main shell and connected to the top outlet of the second cyclone to discharge the clean gas after the two-stage separation.

[0006] The inner wall of the cyclone separator is equipped with guide plates, which are spirally distributed and extend axially along the first and second cyclones. A shaft is installed inside the cyclone separator, with its top bolted to the main housing. The inner edge of the guide plates is fixedly connected to the shaft inside the cyclone separator, while the outer edge maintains a certain gap with the outer wall of either the first or second cyclone separator, forming a swirling channel. The design of the guide plates allows the exhaust gas to rotate at high speed along a spiral trajectory after entering the first cyclone separator, thereby achieving initial separation of dust particles.

[0007] The bottom outlet of the first cyclone is connected to the top inlet of the second cyclone via a narrowing pipe. The inner diameter of the narrowing pipe gradually decreases to accelerate the flow velocity of the exhaust gas and further improve the separation efficiency. The structure of the second cyclone is similar to that of the first cyclone, but the pitch of its internal guide plates is smaller to accommodate the particle size characteristics of the remaining dust particles in the exhaust gas after the first stage of separation.

[0008] The top of the dust collection chamber is connected to the bottom outlet of the second cyclone separator, and a conical guide shroud is installed inside. The top opening of the conical guide shroud is aligned with the bottom outlet of the second cyclone separator, and the bottom opening faces the center of the bottom surface of the dust collection chamber. The conical guide shroud design allows dust particles separated from the second cyclone separator to slide down the conical surface to the bottom of the dust collection chamber, preventing dust from accumulating on the inner wall of the dust collection chamber. The bottom of the dust collection chamber has a flat structure, and a discharge valve is located on one side. The discharge valve is fixed to the bottom opening of the dust collection chamber by a threaded connection. The valve core of the discharge valve is made of corrosion-resistant material, and a handwheel is provided on its outer side for easy manual operation to open or close the valve.

[0009] Optionally, both the first and second cyclones are provided with reinforcing ribs on their outer walls. The reinforcing ribs are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the cyclones to enhance their structural strength and prevent deformation of the cylinders caused by vibrations generated by the high-speed flow of exhaust gas. The reinforcing ribs have a trapezoidal cross-section, with their tops welded to the outer wall of the cyclones and their bottoms fixedly connected to the inner wall of the main shell.

[0010] Optionally, a filter screen is installed at the inlet end of the intake pipe. The filter screen is made of stainless steel and has a mesh diameter of 1mm to 2mm. It is used to intercept large particulate impurities in the exhaust gas and prevent them from entering the first cyclone and causing blockage. The filter screen is fixed to the inner wall of the intake pipe with bolts for easy disassembly, cleaning, or replacement.

[0011] Optionally, a muffler is installed at the outlet end of the exhaust pipe. The muffler is composed of multiple layers of sound-absorbing material to reduce the noise generated when the exhaust gas is discharged. The housing of the muffler is connected to the exhaust pipe via flanges, and sealing gaskets are installed between the flanges to ensure the airtightness of the connection.

[0012] This invention offers the following advantages: By employing a dual-stage cyclone separation structure, the first and second cyclones separately separate dust particles of different sizes, significantly improving exhaust gas treatment efficiency. The guide vane design creates a stable, high-speed vortex within the cyclones, enhancing the separation of dust particles. The conical guide hood within the dust collection chamber effectively prevents dust accumulation, and, combined with the periodic emission function, reduces equipment maintenance frequency. Furthermore, the filter at the inlet of the air inlet intercepts large particles, reducing the risk of equipment blockage, while the silencer at the outlet of the exhaust pipe effectively reduces operating noise, improving the overall user experience. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of this utility model;

[0015] Figure 3 is a partial enlarged view of the filter screen of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 4 is a top view of this utility model.

[0017] Figure Labels

[0018] 1. Main casing; 2. First cyclone; 3. Second cyclone; 4. Dust collection bin; 5. Inlet pipe; 6. Exhaust pipe; 7. Guide plate; 8. Conical guide shroud; 9. Discharge valve; 10. Reinforcing rib; 11. Filter screen; 12. Silencer. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0020] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances. Example 1

[0022] This utility model provides a dual-cyclone dust collector for fertilizer production exhaust gas, and its specific implementation is described in detail with reference to Figures 1 to 3. The main housing 1 forms the main frame of the entire device, and a first cyclone 2 and a second cyclone 3 are arranged inside it. The two are connected by a reducing pipe to form a series-connected two-stage separation structure. The first cyclone 2 is located in the upper part of the main housing 1, with its top inlet connected to the air inlet pipe 5, and its bottom outlet connected to the top inlet of the second cyclone 3 through a reducing pipe. The bottom outlet of the second cyclone 3 is connected to the top opening of the dust collection chamber 4, which is used to collect dust particles separated from the exhaust gas. A discharge valve 9 is provided at the bottom of the dust collection chamber 4, and the discharge valve 9 is fixed to the bottom opening of the dust collection chamber 4 by a threaded connection. The air inlet pipe 5 is located on one side of the main housing 1 to introduce dust-laden exhaust gas; the exhaust pipe 6 is located on the other side of the main housing 1 and connected to the top outlet of the second cyclone 3 to discharge the clean gas after the two-stage separation. Example 2

[0023] Based on Example 1, a baffle plate 7 is provided to separate dust from the exhaust gas.

[0024] The inner wall of the cyclone separator is provided with guide plates 7, which are spirally distributed and extend axially along the first cyclone separator 2 and the second cyclone separator 3. A shaft is installed inside the cyclone separator, and the top of the shaft is bolted to the main housing. The inner edge of the guide plates 7 is welded and fixed to the shaft inside the cyclone separator, forming a swirling channel. The bottom outlet of the first cyclone separator 2 is connected to the top inlet of the second cyclone separator 3 through a reducing pipe. The inner diameter of the reducing pipe gradually decreases to accelerate the exhaust gas flow velocity. Example 3

[0025] Based on Example 1, a conical guide hood is provided to reduce the amount of dust adhering to the inner wall of the dust collection chamber, ensuring the cleanliness of the dust collection chamber and facilitating cleaning by users.

[0026] The top of the dust collection chamber 4 is connected to the bottom outlet of the second cyclone 3, and a conical guide shroud 8 is installed inside it. The top opening of the conical guide shroud 8 is aligned with the bottom outlet of the second cyclone 3, and the bottom opening faces the center of the bottom surface of the dust collection chamber 4. The top edge of the conical guide shroud 8 is welded and fixed to the inner wall of the dust collection chamber 4, and the bottom edge extends downward to near the bottom surface of the dust collection chamber 4. The bottom of the dust collection chamber 4 has a flat structure, and a discharge valve 9 is provided on one side. The valve core of the discharge valve 9 is made of corrosion-resistant material, and a handwheel is provided on the outside for easy manual operation to open or close the valve. Example 4

[0027] Based on Example 1, reinforcing ribs are provided to make the cyclone cylinder more stable and less prone to deformation.

[0028] The outer walls of both the first cyclone 2 and the second cyclone 3 are provided with reinforcing ribs 10, which are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the cyclone. The cross-section of the reinforcing rib 10 is trapezoidal, with its top welded to the outer wall of the cyclone and its bottom fixedly connected to the inner wall of the main housing 1. A filter screen 11 is provided at the inlet end of the air intake pipe 5. The filter screen 11 is made of stainless steel and has a mesh diameter of 1mm to 2mm. The filter screen 11 is fixed to the inner wall of the air intake pipe 5 with bolts for easy disassembly, cleaning, or replacement. A silencer 12 is provided at the outlet end of the exhaust pipe 6. The silencer 12 is composed of multiple layers of sound-absorbing material, and its outer shell is connected to the exhaust pipe 6 through flanges, with sealing gaskets between the flanges.

[0029] Dust-laden exhaust gas enters the device through inlet pipe 5, first passing through filter screen 11 to intercept large particles, and then entering the first cyclone 2 through the top inlet. Inside the first cyclone 2, the exhaust gas rotates at high speed along a spiral trajectory under the action of guide plate 7. Larger dust particles are thrown against the inner wall of the first cyclone 2 by centrifugal force and slide down the wall to the bottom outlet. The exhaust gas is accelerated through the narrowing pipe and enters the second cyclone 3. Inside the second cyclone 3, the exhaust gas rotates at high speed along a spiral trajectory again. Smaller dust particles are thrown against the inner wall of the second cyclone 3 by centrifugal force and slide down the wall to the bottom outlet. The clean gas after two-stage separation is discharged through exhaust pipe 6, while the separated dust particles slide down to the bottom of dust collection bin 4 through conical guide hood 8. When the dust in the dust collection bin 4 accumulates to a certain level, the dust can be discharged by manually operating the discharge valve 9.

[0030] The reinforcing rib 10 enhances the structural strength of the first cyclone 2 and the second cyclone 3, preventing deformation of the cylinders due to vibrations caused by the high-speed flow of exhaust gas. The muffler 12 effectively reduces the noise generated during exhaust gas discharge, improving the overall user experience.

[0031] To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and implement this utility model, the following supplementary explanation of the specific implementation principle of this utility model is provided in conjunction with a specific application scenario.

[0032] In fertilizer production, exhaust gas treatment is a crucial step in ensuring environmental compliance. Taking a fertilizer plant's actual production line as an example, its exhaust gas contains a large amount of incompletely collected powdery materials, fine particles, and impurities, with particle sizes ranging from tens of micrometers to submicrometers. To address this issue, this dual-cyclone dust collector is used for exhaust gas treatment.

[0033] First, when the dust-laden exhaust gas enters the device through the inlet pipe 5, it first enters the effective range of the filter screen 11. The mesh diameter of the filter screen 11 is set to 1mm to 2mm, which can effectively intercept large particulate impurities in the exhaust gas. If these large particulate impurities directly enter the first cyclone 2, they may cause blockage of the guide plate 7 or the narrowing pipe, thereby affecting the operating efficiency of the entire device. Therefore, the design of the filter screen 11 not only plays a preliminary purification role, but also significantly reduces the risk of equipment blockage.

[0034] Subsequently, the pre-filtered exhaust gas enters the first cyclone separator 2. Inside the first cyclone separator 2, the exhaust gas is propelled by the spiral guide plate 7, causing it to rotate at high speed along the swirling channel. A shaft is installed inside the cyclone separator, with its top bolted to the main housing. The inner edge of the guide plate 7 is welded and fixed to the shaft wall inside the cyclone separator, while its outer edge maintains a certain gap with the inner wall of the cyclone separator. This design ensures that the exhaust gas can form a stable high-speed swirling flow within the cyclone separator. Larger dust particles in the exhaust gas are thrown towards the inner wall of the first cyclone separator 2 due to centrifugal force and slide down the wall to the bottom outlet.

[0035] After the exhaust gas passes through the bottom outlet of the first cyclone 2, it enters a narrowing pipe. The inner diameter of the narrowing pipe gradually decreases, further increasing the exhaust gas velocity. This design not only improves the kinetic energy of the exhaust gas but also enhances the separation effect within the second cyclone 3. After entering the second cyclone 3, the exhaust gas rotates at high speed again along a spiral trajectory. Due to the smaller pitch of the guide plates 7 inside the second cyclone 3, it can perform more precise separation of the smaller dust particles remaining in the exhaust gas after the first stage of separation. These fine particles are also thrown against the inner wall of the second cyclone 3 by centrifugal force and slide down the wall to the bottom outlet.

[0036] The separated dust particles slide down through the conical guide shroud 8 to the bottom of the dust collection bin 4. The top opening of the conical guide shroud 8 is aligned with the bottom outlet of the second cyclone 3, and the bottom opening faces the center of the bottom surface of the dust collection bin 4. This design prevents dust from accumulating on the inner wall of the dust collection bin 4, ensuring that the dust can smoothly slide down to the bottom. When the dust in the dust collection bin 4 accumulates to a certain level, the operator can manually operate the discharge valve 9 to discharge the dust. The valve core of the discharge valve 9 is made of corrosion-resistant material, which can withstand the corrosive components that may be present in the exhaust gas of fertilizer production, extending the service life of the equipment.

[0037] The clean gas, after two-stage separation, is discharged through exhaust pipe 6. A silencer 12, composed of multiple layers of sound-absorbing material, is installed at the outlet end of exhaust pipe 6 to effectively reduce noise generated during exhaust. This design significantly improves the overall user experience of the equipment, making it particularly suitable for industrial environments requiring noise control.

[0038] Furthermore, the reinforcing ribs 10 enhance the structural strength of the first cyclone 2 and the second cyclone 3. The reinforcing ribs 10 are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the cyclone, with a trapezoidal cross-section. Their tops are welded to the outer wall of the cyclone, and their bottoms are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the main housing 1. This design effectively prevents deformation of the cylinder caused by vibrations generated by the high-speed flow of exhaust gas, thus ensuring the long-term stable operation of the equipment.

[0039] Through the above steps, this dual-cyclone dust collector achieves efficient treatment of fertilizer production exhaust gas. The first cyclone 2 and the second cyclone 3 respectively classify and separate dust particles of different sizes, significantly improving exhaust gas treatment efficiency. Simultaneously, the conical guide hood 8 within the dust collection chamber 4, combined with a periodic emission function, reduces equipment maintenance frequency, further enhancing overall operating efficiency and environmental performance.

[0040] It should be noted that all electrical components mentioned in this article are connected to an external main controller and 220V AC mains power. The main controller can be a conventional known device that can be controlled by a computer or other means. The detailed description of known functions and known components is omitted in the specific implementation of this disclosure. In order to ensure the compatibility of the device, the operating methods used are consistent with the parameters of commercially available instruments.

[0041] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A dual-cyclone dust collector for exhaust gas in fertilizer production, characterized in that: The device includes a main housing (1), a first cyclone (2), a second cyclone (3), a dust collection bin (4), an air inlet pipe (5), an exhaust pipe (6), a guide plate (7), a conical guide shroud (8), an exhaust valve (9), and reinforcing ribs (10). The main housing (1) is the main frame of the entire device. The first cyclone (2) and the second cyclone (3) are located inside the main housing (1). The first cyclone (2) is located in the upper part of the main housing (1). Its bottom outlet is connected to the top inlet of the second cyclone (3) through a reduced diameter pipe. The bottom outlet of the second cyclone (3) is connected to the top opening of the dust collection bin (4). The bottom of the dust collection bin (4) is equipped with an exhaust valve (9).

2. The dual cyclone dust collector for fertilizer production exhaust gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intake pipe (5) is located on one side of the main housing (1) and is connected to the top inlet of the first cyclone (2). The exhaust pipe (6) is located on the other side of the main housing (1) and is connected to the top outlet of the second cyclone (3).

3. The dual cyclone dust collector for fertilizer production exhaust gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the cyclone is provided with a guide plate (7), which extends along the axial direction of the first cyclone (2) and the second cyclone (3). The outer walls of the first cyclone (2) and the second cyclone (3) are provided with reinforcing ribs (10). The bottom outlet of the first cyclone (2) is connected to the top inlet of the second cyclone (3) through a reducing pipe. The inner diameter of the reducing pipe gradually decreases from the inlet end to the outlet end.

4. The dual cyclone dust collector for fertilizer production exhaust gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust collection chamber (4) is equipped with a conical guide hood (8). The top opening of the conical guide hood (8) is aligned with the bottom outlet of the second cyclone (3), and the bottom opening faces the center of the bottom surface of the dust collection chamber (4). The top edge of the conical guide hood (8) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the dust collection chamber (4).

5. The dual cyclone dust collector for fertilizer production exhaust gas according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inlet end of the air intake pipe (5) is provided with a filter screen (11), which is made of stainless steel and has a mesh diameter of 1mm to 2mm. The filter screen (11) is fixed to the inner wall of the air intake pipe (5) by bolts. The outlet end of the exhaust pipe (6) is provided with a muffler (12), which is composed of multiple layers of sound-absorbing material. Its outer shell is connected to the exhaust pipe (6) through a flange, and a sealing gasket is provided between the flanges.

6. The dual cyclone dust collector for fertilizer production exhaust gas according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reinforcing ribs (10) are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the first cyclone (2) and the second cyclone (3). The cross section of the reinforcing ribs (10) is trapezoidal. The top of the ribs is welded to the outer wall of the first cyclone (2) or the second cyclone (3), and the bottom is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the main shell (1).

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