Novel main shaft assembly with airtight protection structure

Abstract

A novel main shaft assembly with an airtight protection structure belongs to the technical field of machine tool auxiliary equipment and comprises a main shaft assembly body, a front end cover and a sealing ring, an air inlet hole is formed in the rear end of the outer side of a bearing seat of the main shaft assembly body, and an air inlet pipe at the rear outer side end of the air inlet hole is connected with an exhaust pipe of an air compressor; the axis of the spindle assembly body is installed in a bearing inner ring of the bearing seat, and the rear side end of the bearing seat body is installed at the front outer side end of a machine box of a machine tool. The rear side end of the front end cover and the front side end of the bearing seat body are installed together, a front cavity and a rear cavity which are annularly distributed are formed in the front side end and the rear side end of an inner ring of the front end cover respectively, and a plurality of through holes are annularly distributed in the front end cover from front to back at intervals. A better airtight effect can be formed, the probability that dust and the like enter the bearing in the machining process is reduced, and the bearing can be well protected. In conclusion, the utility model has a good application prospect.

Description

A novel spindle assembly with an airtight protection structure Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machine tool auxiliary equipment technology, and in particular to a novel spindle assembly with an airtight protection structure. Background Technology

[0002] A machine tool is a machine used for machining parts. Drills, reamers, taps, dies, and knurling tools (hereinafter collectively referred to as cutting tools) can be mounted on the spindle (including electric spindles) of a lathe for various machining operations. During machining, the cutting tools generate dust and other contaminants. For example, when the cutting tool contacts the surface of the part, rust from the part's surface, along with dust and metal shavings generated during machining, can enter the spindle bearings, causing wear on the bearings that hold the spindle in place and reducing their service life.

[0003] In existing technologies, to reduce the impact of dust and other contaminants on the bearings of the spindle assembly during machining, a spindle air seal mechanism is installed at relevant locations on the spindle assembly. Specifically, existing spindle air seal mechanisms have only one air inlet in the annular cavity at the front end (see Figure 4A). This results in high air pressure near the inlet, leading to a large amount of gas being expelled and a good air seal. However, the air pressure is low further away from the inlet, resulting in a poor air seal and making it easier for dust to enter the spindle bearings. Furthermore, current spindle air seal mechanisms have a short airtight structural path towards the bearing side and a relatively simple structure. For composite material machining, such as carbon fiber machining, a large amount of dust particles are generated during cutting. If the air seal protection at the front end of the spindle is inadequate, dust particles can enter the bearings, easily damaging them and reducing the spindle's lifespan. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing spindle air-sealing mechanism used in machine tool spindle assemblies, which is limited by its structure and has the disadvantages described in the background art, this utility model provides a new type of spindle assembly with an airtight protection structure. Under the joint action of related mechanisms, it can form a better airtight effect by blowing air through the annularly distributed cavities, reducing the probability of dust and other particles entering the bearing during processing, and providing relatively better protection for the bearing.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is:

[0006] A novel spindle assembly with an airtight protection structure includes a spindle assembly body, a front end cover, and a sealing ring. The outer rear end of the bearing housing of the spindle assembly body has an air inlet, and an air inlet pipe at the outer rear end of the air inlet is connected to the exhaust pipe of an air compressor. The spindle axis of the spindle assembly body is mounted inside the inner ring of the bearing housing, and the rear end of the bearing housing body is mounted on the front outer end of the machine tool chassis. The rear end of the front end cover and the front end of the bearing housing body are mounted together. The inner ring of the front end cover is spaced apart from the outer side of the spindle axis. The front and rear ends of the inner ring of the front end cover each have annularly distributed front and rear cavities, and the inner ends of the front and rear cavities communicate with the inner side of the inner ring of the front end cover. The front end cover has multiple through holes distributed annularly from front to back, and the front and rear ends of these through holes communicate with the rear ends of the front and rear cavities, respectively.

[0007] Furthermore, the air intake and the rear cavity are interconnected.

[0008] Furthermore, at the rear end of the front cavity of the front cover, there are multiple annularly distributed protective cavities spaced at intervals.

[0009] Furthermore, the distance between the inner ends of the protective cavity, the front cavity, the rear cavity, and the outer ends of the axis.

[0010] Furthermore, the sealing ring is installed at the contact point between the rear side of the front cover and the front end of the bearing housing body.

[0011] Furthermore, the gap between the front cavity and the shaft is greater than the gap between the rear cavity, the protective cavity, and the shaft.

[0012] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are as follows: Under the combined action of related mechanisms, this invention can blow air onto the front end of the shaft through the annularly distributed front and rear cavities of the front cover, creating a better airtight effect (due to the two annular cavities, the rear cavity collects the gas and then blows it through four evenly distributed channels to the front cavity connected to the outside, before discharging it to the outside, resulting in a better airtight effect throughout the circumference). Furthermore, the multiple protective cavities collect dust that may enter under extreme conditions. Due to the high-speed rotation of the shaft, the resulting centrifugal force can throw particles to the outer end of the front cavity, effectively reducing the probability of dust entering the bearing during processing and providing good protection for the bearing. In summary, this invention has good application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0013] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0014] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0015] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the front cover structure of this utility model.

[0016] Figure 3 is a partially enlarged structural schematic diagram of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the existing spindle air seal mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0018] As shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3, a novel spindle assembly with an airtight protection structure includes a spindle assembly body, an annular front end cover 2, and an O-ring seal 3. The upper rear outer side of the bearing housing 1 of the spindle assembly body has a through-hole 101. The air inlet pipe at the outer rear end of the air inlet 101 is connected to the exhaust pipe of the air compressor's air tank (not shown in the figures) via a pipeline. The outer side of the spindle assembly body's shaft 4 is interference-fitted into the inner ring of the bearing housing 1. The rear end of the bearing housing 1 is fixedly installed on the outer front side of the machine tool's chassis 5 (the air inlet pipe is located on the upper outer side of the chassis). The rear end of the front cover 2 and the front outer end of the bearing housing 1 are sealed together (the front cover does not contact the inner ring of the bearing or the outer side of the shaft). The inner ring of the front cover 2 and the outer side of the shaft 4 are spaced a certain distance apart. The front and rear ends of the inner ring of the front cover have a ring-shaped front cavity 21 and a rear cavity 22, respectively, and the inner ends of the front cavity 21 and the rear cavity 22 are interconnected with the inner side of the inner ring of the front cover 2. The front cover 2 has four through holes 23 distributed at equal intervals from front to back. The front and rear ends of the four through holes 23 are interconnected with the rear end of the front cavity 21 and the front end of the rear cavity 22, respectively.

[0019] As shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3, the front end of the air inlet and the rear end of the rear cavity 22 are interconnected. At the rear end of the front cavity of the front cover, there are six annularly distributed protective cavities 24 spaced at intervals. The distance between the inner ends of the protective cavities 24, the front cavity 21, and the rear cavity 22 and the outer end of the shaft 4 is [not specified]. An O-ring 3 is installed between the rear end of the front cover 21 and the front end of the bearing housing (serving a sealing function). The gap between the inner side of the front cavity 21 of the front cover and the outer side of the shaft 4 is 0.1 mm, and the gap between the protective cavity 24 and the shaft 4 is 0.05 mm.

[0020] As shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3, during operation, the shaft rotates along the inner ring of the bearing housing. Compressed air output from the air compressor's storage tank enters the rear cavity 22 through the air inlet 101, then flows forward through four through holes 23 into the front cavity 21, and is ejected forward from the gap between the front end of the front cavity 21 (the front end is an annular air outlet structure 5) and the outer side of the shaft 4, creating a better airtight effect (due to the presence of two annular cavities, after the rear cavity collects the gas, it is blown towards the front cavity connected to the outside through four evenly distributed channels, and then discharged to the outside, resulting in a better airtight effect throughout the circumference). Specifically, the front cavity 21 of the front cover... The gap between the side and the outer side of the shaft 4 is 0.1mm, and the gap between the protective cavity 24 and the outer side of the shaft 4 is 0.05mm. Therefore, most of the gas is discharged outward. The six annular protective cavities 24 of the front cover are fitted with the outer side of the shaft to form six annular cavities. When external particles flow towards the axial bearing side, the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation of the shaft 4 can cause the particles to be thrown to the outer end of the front cavity through the outer side of the shaft and the inner side of the front cover. The six annular protective cavities 24 form multiple protections, which can effectively collect particles and effectively reduce the probability of dust and other substances entering the bearing during processing, thus providing good protection for the bearing.

[0021] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this utility model is limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of this utility model. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects. The scope of this utility model is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and thus all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within this utility model.

[0022] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes the embodiments, the embodiments do not necessarily contain only one independent technical solution. This way of describing the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in the embodiments can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A novel spindle assembly with an airtight protection structure, comprising a spindle assembly body, a front end cover, and a sealing ring, characterized in that, The outer rear end of the bearing housing of the main spindle assembly body has an air inlet, and the air inlet pipe at the outer rear end of the air inlet is connected to the exhaust pipe of the air compressor; the spindle of the main spindle assembly body is installed in the inner ring of the bearing housing, and the rear end of the bearing housing body is installed at the front outer end of the machine tool chassis; the rear end of the front cover and the front end of the bearing housing body are installed together, and the inner ring of the front cover is spaced apart from the outer side of the spindle. The front and rear ends of the inner ring of the front cover have annularly distributed front and rear cavities, respectively, and the inner ends of the front and rear cavities are interconnected with the inner side of the inner ring of the front cover; the front cover has multiple through holes distributed at annular intervals from front to back, and the front and rear ends of the multiple through holes are interconnected with the rear end of the front cavity and the front end of the rear cavity, respectively.

2. The novel spindle assembly with an airtight protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air intake and the rear cavity are interconnected.

3. A novel spindle assembly with an airtight protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front cavity of the front cover has multiple annular protective cavities at the rear end with a distance between the front and rear.

4. A novel spindle assembly with an airtight protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the inner ends of the protective cavity, the front cavity, the rear cavity, and the outer end of the axis.

5. A novel spindle assembly with an air-tight protective structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing ring is installed at the contact point between the rear side of the front cover and the front end of the bearing housing body.

6. A novel spindle assembly with an airtight protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clearance between the front cavity and the shaft is greater than the clearance between the rear cavity, the protective cavity, and the shaft.

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