Self-operated efficient anti-scale shell-and-tube heat exchanger

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of heat exchangers, in particular to a self-operated efficient anti-scaling shell-and-tube heat exchanger which comprises a shell unit and an anti-blocking heat exchange unit. The heat exchanger is characterized in that each shell unit comprises a connecting water chamber, a water chamber connecting flange, a shell, a heat medium outlet pipe, a water inlet and outlet chamber, a heat medium inlet pipe, a pipe plate, a support, a baffle plate, a sewage outlet pipe, a sewage inlet pipe, a partition plate and a water chamber fastener. According to the scheme, a self-reliance mode is adopted, automatic operation of a scale cleaning part is achieved, extra manpower and energy do not need to be consumed, the anti-blocking heat exchange pipe structure can guarantee full contact of a scraping piece and the heat exchange inner wall, the problem of cleaning failure caused by poor contact of the scraping piece and the heat exchange inner wall or deformation of the scraping piece can be effectively solved, and the cleaning efficiency is improved based on the Bernoulli equation principle. The impeller made of light materials and the three scraper structures with the triangular end faces are adopted, the deflection problem of the scraping and sweeping mechanism is fundamentally avoided, and the stable rotation and the efficient scraping and sweeping effect of the scraping and sweeping mechanism are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of heat exchanger technology, and in particular to a self-reliant, high-efficiency anti-scaling shell-and-tube heat exchanger. Background Technology

[0002] In industrial production, heat exchangers are among the most commonly used process equipment, widely applied in industries such as metallurgy, petrochemicals, power, and building materials. The design and commissioning of heat exchangers greatly promote the efficient operation of production processes. Depending on the type of process medium involved in heat exchange and the differences in production process requirements, there are many types and forms of heat exchangers, the most common being shell-and-tube, plate, gas-liquid, gas-to-gas, and finned tube types. Different application scenarios require different heat exchanger types. However, in heat exchange environments with high hardness water or oily wastewater, scaling and clogging of heat exchangers has always been a difficult problem hindering the technological development of this industry. For example, condensers in power plants, wastewater heat exchangers in oil fields, evaporators in wastewater source heat pumps, and some tap water heaters containing high levels of calcium and magnesium ions have consistently experienced clogging. This not only affects the heat exchange efficiency of the equipment but also requires regular shutdowns for scaling, resulting in significant losses in revenue and corresponding maintenance costs, severely damaging the production and operation of enterprises and the revenue generated from energy-saving projects. In response to this situation, many experts and companies have conducted extensive research and practice. Currently, the main descaling technologies in the industry include mechanical descaling, chemical descaling, physical descaling, and biological descaling. Different descaling technologies have vastly different application scenarios, descaling effects, and technical reliability. Moreover, most of them require investment of manpower and resources to implement, resulting in high operating costs.

[0003] Based on the above situation, in order to solve the common scaling and clogging problem in this industry, this invention proposes a self-reliant, high-efficiency anti-scaling shell-and-tube heat exchanger. Based on the conventional shell-and-tube heat exchanger, structural improvements have been made, fundamentally solving the scaling and clogging problems inside the heat exchange tubes. This effectively keeps the heat exchange tube walls clean, improving the heat exchange efficiency of the equipment and reducing downtime for maintenance. It provides a guarantee for the long-term, safe, and efficient operation of the heat exchanger, and offers a new technical solution for the development of high-efficiency heat exchange equipment in this field. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned shortcomings in the existing technology by proposing a self-reliant, high-efficiency anti-scaling shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] The design scheme proposed in this utility model has the following beneficial effects in application: a self-reliant high-efficiency anti-scaling shell-and-tube heat exchanger, including a shell unit and an anti-clogging heat exchange unit, characterized in that: the shell unit includes a connecting water chamber, a water chamber connecting flange, a shell, a heat medium outlet pipe, an inlet and outlet water chamber, a heat medium inlet pipe, a tube sheet, a support, a baffle plate, a sewage outlet pipe, a sewage inlet pipe, a partition plate, and water chamber fasteners;

[0007] The anti-clogging heat exchange unit includes an anti-clogging heat exchange tube, which in turn includes a rotating shaft, heat exchange tube, connecting pipe, end face blind flange, impeller, scraper, end face fastener and bearing. The scraper is divided into three types, namely scraper one a, scraper two b and scraper three c.

[0008] The shell has tube sheets at both ends, with several tube holes on the tube sheets. Anti-clogging heat exchange tubes are fixedly installed on the tube sheets through the tube holes. The connecting water chamber and the inlet and outlet water chambers are connected to the end face of the shell through water chamber connecting flanges. A partition is provided in the middle of the inlet and outlet water chambers. A sewage outlet pipe is provided in the water chamber above the partition, and a sewage inlet pipe is provided in the water chamber below the partition. A heat medium inlet pipe is provided on the upper side of the shell near the inlet and outlet water chambers, and a heat medium outlet pipe is provided on the lower side of the shell near the connecting water chambers. A single support is provided on each of the lower sides of the shell. Inside the shell, between the inlet and outlet water chambers and the connecting water chambers, there are two baffles with several tube holes.

[0009] In detail, the anti-clogging heat exchange tube has two connecting pipes at each end. Each connecting pipe is fixed to the end face flange by end face fasteners. The connecting pipe has a bearing inside. The two connecting pipes are connected to the two ends of the heat exchange tube by threads. The heat exchange tube has a rotating shaft in the middle. The two ends of the rotating shaft are set with interference fit to the inner ring wall of the bearing. The area inside the heat exchange tube has six impeller groups at fixed intervals. Each impeller group has three impellers. The top of any impeller has the same cut hole. Each scraper is embedded and fixed in a set of impeller cut holes. The length of the scraper is the same as the length of the heat exchange tube and is aligned with the two ends of the heat exchange tube. The outermost edge of the scraper is tangent to the inner wall of the heat exchange tube.

[0010] The core innovation of this solution:

[0011] 1. This solution uses a lightweight, anti-clogging heat exchange tube composed of connecting pipes, rotating shaft, impeller, scraper, heat exchange tube, etc. It utilizes the kinetic energy of the fluid itself and does not require additional power to achieve the goal of self-cleaning and maintaining the heat exchange tube.

[0012] 2. This scheme is designed based on the Bernoulli equation and combined with the actual scaling and clogging characteristics of heat exchange tubes, ensuring sufficient contact between the scraper and the inner wall of the heat exchange tube. At the same time, it adopts three types of scraper design to ensure the stability of the rotating mechanism and the comprehensiveness of the scraping range.

[0013] 3. This solution keeps the liquid inside the anti-clogging heat exchange tube in a turbulent state at all times, avoiding the high-speed deposition effect in the boundary layer near the tube wall, reducing the amount of deposited scale, and significantly improving the convective heat transfer coefficient inside the tube, thereby increasing the overall heat transfer intensity and heat transfer capacity.

[0014] 4. This solution is equipped with automatic drain outlets at the bottom of each water chamber. Regular draining prevents large particles of dirt from entering the heat exchange tubes and causing blockage and friction damage.

[0015] 5. This solution is applicable to heat exchange scenarios involving various high-hardness liquid media, effectively improving the overall heat transfer intensity of the heat exchanger while reducing equipment blockage and downtime for maintenance, thus providing strong support for energy conservation and emission reduction for enterprises.

[0016] In detail, the end face of the scraper is triangular.

[0017] In detail, the scraper blades are serrated along their length, and the serrations of scraper blades a, b, and c are designed to be non-overlapping. The sum of the areas scraped by the three scraper blades is the total inner wall area of ​​the heat exchange tube.

[0018] In detail, the impellers are arranged in pairs perpendicular to each other.

[0019] Specifically, an automatic drain outlet is provided below the inlet / outlet water chamber and the connecting water chamber.

[0020] In detail, the connecting pipe has elongated openings on both sides.

[0021] 1. This solution adopts a self-reliant approach to achieve automatic operation of the descaling components, without consuming additional manpower and energy;

[0022] 2. As described in 1, the anti-clogging heat exchange tube structure can ensure full contact between the scraper and the inner wall of the heat exchanger, and can effectively avoid cleaning failure caused by poor contact between the two or deformation of the scraper.

[0023] 3. As described in 2, based on the Bernoulli equation principle, the three types of scraper structures with lightweight materials and triangular end faces fundamentally avoid the skew problem of the scraping mechanism, ensuring the smooth rotation of the scraping mechanism and efficient scraping effect.

[0024] 4. As described in point 3, efficient cleaning before dirt forms essentially solves the problems of dirt formation and solidification clogging. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is the front view of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2This is the left view of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a side view of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is an AA view of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a BB view of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a CC view of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a front view of the anti-clogging heat exchange tube 7 of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a top view of the anti-clogging heat exchange tube 7 of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a left view of the anti-clogging heat exchange tube 7 of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a DD view of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 11 This is a view of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 12 This is a view of the present invention from direction B;

[0037] Figure 13 This is a view of the present invention from direction D;

[0038] Figure 14 This is a C-direction view of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 15 This is a second view of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 16 This is a third view of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 17 This is a fourth view of the present invention.

[0042] In the diagram: 1. Connecting water chamber; 2. Water chamber connecting flange; 3. Shell; 4. Heat medium outlet pipe; 5. Inlet and outlet water chambers; 6. Heat medium inlet pipe; 7. Anti-clogging heat exchange tube; 8. Tube sheet; 9. Support; 10. Baffle plate; 11. Sewage outlet pipe; 12. Sewage inlet pipe; 13. Baffle plate; 14. Water chamber fastener; 7-1. Shaft; 7-2. Heat exchange tube; 7-3. End face blind flange; 7-4. Impeller; 7-6. Scraper; 7-7. End face fastener; 7-8. Bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] Reference Figures 1-17 A self-reliant, high-efficiency anti-scaling shell-and-tube heat exchanger includes a shell unit and an anti-clogging heat exchange unit. The shell unit includes a connecting water chamber 1, a water chamber connecting flange 2, a shell 3, a heat medium outlet pipe 4, an inlet and outlet water chamber 5, a heat medium inlet pipe 6, a tube sheet 8, a support 9, a baffle plate 10, a sewage outlet pipe 11, a sewage inlet pipe 12, a partition plate 13, and a water chamber fastener 14.

[0046] The anti-clogging heat exchange unit includes an anti-clogging heat exchange tube 7, which in turn includes a rotating shaft 7-1, a heat exchange tube 7-2, a connecting pipe 7-3, an end face blind flange 7-4, an impeller 7-5, a scraper 7-6, an end face fastener 7-7, and a bearing 7-8. The scraper 7-6 comes in three forms, namely scraper one a, scraper two b, and scraper three c.

[0047] Tube sheets 8 are provided at both ends of the shell 3. Several tube holes are opened on the tube sheets 8. The anti-clogging heat exchange tube 7 is fixedly installed on the tube sheets 8 through the tube holes. The connecting water chamber 1 and the inlet and outlet water chamber 5 are connected to the end face of the shell 3 through the water chamber connecting flange 2. A partition 13 is provided in the middle of the inlet and outlet water chamber 5. A sewage outlet pipe 11 is provided in the water chamber above the partition 13, and a sewage inlet pipe 12 is provided in the water chamber below the partition 13. A heat medium inlet pipe 6 is provided on the upper side of the shell 3 near the inlet and outlet water chamber 5, and a heat medium outlet pipe 4 is provided on the lower side of the shell 3 near the connecting water chamber 1. A single support 9 is provided on each of the lower sides of the shell 3. Two baffles 10 are provided inside the shell 3 between the inlet and outlet water chamber 5 and the connecting water chamber 1. Several tube holes are opened on the baffles 10 to facilitate the installation of the anti-clogging heat exchange tube 7.

[0048] It should be further explained that two connecting pipes 7-3 are respectively provided at both ends of the anti-clogging heat exchange tube 7. Each connecting pipe 7-3 is connected and fixed to the end face flange 7-4 through the end face fastener 7-7. The connecting pipe 7-3 has a bearing 7-8 inside. The two connecting pipes 7-3 are respectively connected to the two ends of the heat exchange tube 7-2 through threads. The middle of the heat exchange tube 7-2 is provided with a rotating shaft 7-1. The two ends of the rotating shaft 7-1 are set with interference fit with the inner ring wall of the bearing 7-8. The area of ​​the rotating shaft 7-1 inside the heat exchange tube 7-2 is provided with six impeller groups at fixed intervals. Each impeller group has three impellers 7-5. The top of any impeller 7-5 is provided with the same cut hole. Each scraper 7-6 is embedded and fixed in a set of impeller cut holes. The length of the scraper 7-6 is the same as the length of the heat exchange tube 7-2 and is aligned with the two ends of the heat exchange tube 7-2. The outermost edge of the scraper 7-6 is tangent to the inner wall of the heat exchange tube 7-2.

[0049] It should be further noted that the end face of the scraper 7-6 is triangular to reduce the frictional resistance between it and the inner wall of the heat exchange tube 7-2 during rotation.

[0050] It should be further explained that the scraper 7-6 is serrated along its length. The serrations of scraper 1a, scraper 2b, and scraper 3c are different. The serrations of scraper 1a, scraper 2b, and scraper 3c adopt a non-overlapping structure design. The three types of scrapers 7-6 have equal mass, which ensures that the impeller 7-5 and scraper 7-6 can rotate smoothly without deviation or jamming. Moreover, the sum of the areas swept by the three scrapers is equal to the sum of all areas of the inner wall of the heat exchange tube 7-2.

[0051] It should be further explained that the impellers 7-5 are arranged in pairs perpendicular to each other to ensure the maximum rotational torque under the same medium flow rate. The anti-clogging heat exchange tube 7 is designed based on the Bernoulli equation principle, which can make full use of the kinetic energy of the incoming flow to drive its own anti-fouling components to rotate and scrape the inner wall of the heat exchange tube 7-2 in real time, effectively ensuring the cleanliness of the inner wall of the heat exchange tube 7-2. The internal structural design of the heat exchange tube 7-2 can significantly increase the turbulence of the liquid inside the tube, destroy the boundary layer near the tube wall, reduce the probability of dirt deposition, and effectively increase the intensity of convective heat transfer, thereby improving the overall heat exchange capacity of the heat exchanger. The rotating parts in the anti-clogging heat exchange tube 7 are designed with lightweight and corrosion-resistant materials, such as carbon fiber and graphite, in order to reduce the energy consumption of the rotation cleaning process and improve the economy of the entire equipment.

[0052] It should be further noted that an automatic drain outlet is installed below the inlet / outlet water chamber 5 and the connecting water chamber 1 to periodically remove large particulate impurities deposited in the low flow rate zone, preventing large particulate impurities from entering the heat exchange tube 7-2 and causing blockage failure of the heat exchange tube 7.

[0053] It should be further noted that the connecting pipe 7-3 has elongated openings on both sides to facilitate the entry and exit of liquid into the heat exchange pipe 7-2.

[0054] In practice

[0055] Wastewater enters the lower water chamber of the inlet / outlet chamber 5 through the wastewater inlet pipe 12, and then enters the first set of heat exchange tubes 7-2 through the side opening of the connecting pipe 7-3. It flows along the length of the heat exchange tubes 7-2. Driven by the water flow, a pressure difference appears between the front and rear of each impeller 7-5. When the pressure difference between the front and rear of all impellers 7-5 exceeds the frictional resistance, the impellers 7-5 drive the rotating shaft 7-1 and scraper 7-6 to rotate. Scraper a, scraper b, and scraper c scrape all areas of the inner wall of the first set of heat exchange tubes 7-2, removing scale before it forms, thus achieving a fundamental scale prevention effect. The wastewater carries the dirt scraped off from the first set of heat exchange tubes 7-2 into the... After passing through the low-speed settling action of the connecting water chamber 1, the wastewater enters the second set of heat exchange tubes 7-2. Similarly, the water drives the impeller 7-5 and scraper 7-6 inside the second set of heat exchange tubes 7-2 to rotate. Scraper a, scraper b, and scraper c scrape all areas of the inner wall of the second set of heat exchange tubes 7-2. On the same principle, the wastewater, carrying the dirt scraped off from the second set of heat exchange tubes 7-2, enters the upper water chamber of the inlet and outlet water chamber 5 and is finally discharged from the equipment through the wastewater outlet pipe 11 to enter the next process. At the same time, by periodically opening the drain port of the water chamber, large particles of dirt deposited in the water chamber are discharged from the equipment, thereby fundamentally solving the scaling and clogging problem of the shell and tube heat exchanger.

[0056] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A self-regulating, high-efficiency anti-fouling shell-and-tube heat exchanger, comprising a shell unit and an anti-clogging heat exchange unit, characterized in that: The housing unit includes a connecting water chamber (1), a water chamber connecting flange (2), a housing (3), a hot medium outlet pipe (4), an inlet and outlet water chamber (5), a hot medium inlet pipe (6), a tube sheet (8), a support (9), a baffle plate (10), a sewage outlet pipe (11), a sewage inlet pipe (12), a partition plate (13), and water chamber fasteners (14). The anti-clogging heat exchange unit includes an anti-clogging heat exchange tube (7), which in turn includes a rotating shaft (7-1), a heat exchange tube (7-2), a connecting pipe (7-3), an end blind flange (7-4), an impeller (7-5), a scraper (7-6), an end fastener (7-7), and a bearing (7-8). The scraper (7-6) is divided into three types, namely scraper one a, scraper two b, and scraper three c. The shell (3) has tube sheets (8) at both ends, and several tube holes are opened on the tube sheets (8). The anti-clogging heat exchange tubes (7) are fixedly installed on the tube sheets (8) through the tube holes. The connecting water chamber (1) and the inlet and outlet water chambers (5) are connected to the end face of the shell (3) through the water chamber connecting flange (2). A partition (13) is provided in the middle of the inlet and outlet water chambers (5). A sewage outlet pipe (11) is provided in the water chamber above the partition (13). A sewage outlet pipe (11) is provided in the water chamber below the partition (13). The chamber is equipped with a sewage inlet pipe (12), and a heat medium inlet pipe (6) is provided on the upper side of the shell (3) near the inlet and outlet water chamber (5). A heat medium outlet pipe (4) is provided on the lower side of the shell (3) near the connecting water chamber (1). A single support (9) is provided on each side of the lower part of the shell (3). Two baffles (10) are provided inside the shell (3) between the inlet and outlet water chamber (5) and the connecting water chamber (1). Several pipe holes are opened on the baffles (10).

2. The self-powered high-efficiency scale-prevention shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-clogging heat exchange tube (7) has two connecting tubes (7-3) at each end. Each connecting tube (7-3) is connected and fixed to the end flange (7-4) by an end face fastener (7-7). The connecting tube (7-3) has a bearing (7-8) inside. The two connecting tubes (7-3) are connected to the two ends of the heat exchange tube (7-2) by threads. The heat exchange tube (7-2) has a rotating shaft (7-1) in the middle. The two ends of the rotating shaft (7-1) are configured to be interference-fitted with the inner ring wall of the bearing (7-8). The area inside the heat exchange tube (7-2) of the rotating shaft (7-1) is provided with six impeller groups at fixed intervals. Each impeller group has three impellers (7-5). The top of any impeller (7-5) is provided with the same cut hole. Each scraper (7-6) is embedded and fixed in a set of impeller cut holes. The length of the scraper (7-6) is the same as the length of the heat exchange tube (7-2) and is aligned with both ends of the heat exchange tube (7-2). The outermost edge of the scraper (7-6) is tangential to the inner wall of the heat exchange tube (7-2).

3. The self-powered high-efficiency scale-prevention shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that: The end face of the scraper (7-6) is triangular.

4. The self-powered high-efficiency scale-prevention shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that: The scraper (7-6) is serrated along its length. The serrations of scraper a, scraper b and scraper c are designed to be non-overlapping. The sum of the areas scraped by the three scrapers (7-6) is equal to the total inner wall area of ​​the heat exchange tube (7-2).

5. A self-regulating, high-efficiency anti-scaling shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that: The impellers (7-5) are arranged in pairs perpendicular to each other.

6. The self-powered high-efficiency scale-prevention shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that: An automatic drain outlet is provided below the inlet / outlet water chamber (5) and the connecting water chamber (1).

7. The self-powered high-efficiency scale-prevention shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connecting pipe (7-3) has elongated openings on both sides.

Images