Diaphragm mechanism and laser beam shaping device

Abstract

The utility model is suitable for the technical field of laser equipment, and discloses a diaphragm mechanism and a laser beam shaping device. Wherein the diaphragm mechanism comprises an annular diaphragm main body, the diaphragm main body comprises a fixed part and a sawtooth part, the sawtooth part is connected to the inner side of the fixed part and comprises a plurality of adjacently arranged sawteeth, the ratio of the height H of the sawteeth to the period L of the sawteeth is D, and D is larger than or equal to 6. By adopting the diaphragm mechanism provided by the utility model, the smoothness of the edge of the light beam is improved, the harm to the performance and the use of the laser can be reduced, and the influence on the refined processing of the target material in the processing application can be reduced.

Description

Aperture mechanism and laser beam shaping device Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of laser equipment technology, and in particular to an aperture mechanism and a laser beam shaping device. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's high-end manufacturing industry, beam edge shaping has become a critical aspect of high-power laser system design. Due to variations in optical component quality, beam mode instability, mechanical vibration, laser aging, scattering and reflection defects, and environmental factors, the smoothness of the laser beam edge profile gradually decreases with increasing propagation distance. This reduction leads to a series of serious problems. First, it significantly impacts laser performance and usability, such as uneven spatial beam energy distribution causing thermal effects, increased optical losses reducing overall system efficiency and performance, and the laser components bearing potential thermal loads, resulting in a shortened laser lifespan. Second, in processing applications, this unevenness affects the precision machining of target materials, leading to uneven processing quality, thermal stress concentration causing material deformation, cracking, or even breakage (i.e., reduced material integrity), as well as material performance degradation, reduced fatigue life due to surface defects, low processing efficiency, and increased costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides an aperture mechanism and a laser beam shaping device, which aims to solve the technical problem of poor smoothness at the edge of the laser beam.

[0004] According to a first aspect of this application, one embodiment provides an aperture mechanism including an annular aperture body, the aperture body comprising:

[0005] Fixing part;

[0006] The serrated portion is connected to the inner side of the fixing portion and includes a plurality of adjacently arranged serrations. The ratio of the height H of the serration to the period L of the serration is D, where D≥6.

[0007] In one embodiment, 0.6mm ≤ H ≤ 1.4mm;

[0008] And / or, 100μm≤L≤200μm.

[0009] In one embodiment, 0.8mm ≤ H ≤ 1.2mm;

[0010] And / or, 130μm≤L≤170μm.

[0011] In one embodiment, the serrations are Gaussian-shaped or triangular;

[0012] Alternatively, the fixing part and the serrated part are integrally formed.

[0013] In one embodiment, the aperture body is in the shape of a circular ring;

[0014] The aperture mechanism also includes a fixing and adjusting device, the aperture body is connected to the fixing and adjusting device, and the fixing and adjusting device is used to adjust the diameter of the aperture body.

[0015] In one embodiment, the fixing and adjusting device is used to continuously adjust the diameter of the aperture body.

[0016] In one embodiment, the aperture mechanism further includes an aperture supplement, which is connected to the aperture body and forms an aperture component with the aperture body;

[0017] The aperture component includes a first end and a second end disposed opposite to each other, and a connection point disposed at any position between the first end and the second end. The first end and the connection point are both connected to the fixing and adjusting device and are disposed adjacent to each other. The aperture component located between the first end and the connection point is the aperture body.

[0018] In one embodiment, the fixing and adjusting device includes a first connecting component and a second connecting component, wherein the first connecting component is fixedly connected to the first end, and the second connecting component is connected to the connecting point;

[0019] The second connecting component has a locked state and an unlocked state. When the second connecting component is in the locked state, the connecting point is fixedly connected to the second connecting component. When the second connecting component is in the unlocked state, the connecting point is disengaged from the second connecting component.

[0020] According to a second aspect of this application, one embodiment provides a laser beam shaping device, including the aperture mechanism described in the first aspect.

[0021] In one embodiment, the laser beam shaping device further includes a spatial filtering mechanism;

[0022] The spatial filtering mechanism includes a vacuum tube, an incident lens and an exit lens disposed at both ends of the vacuum tube, and a filter aperture disposed inside the vacuum tube;

[0023] The aperture body is located on the side of the vacuum tube where the incident lens is located, and the light beam passing through the sawtooth towards the center of the aperture body passes through the center of the filter aperture.

[0024] According to the aperture mechanism and laser beam shaping device of the above embodiments, the ratio D of the sawtooth height H to the sawtooth period L is set to be greater than or equal to 6. This improves the visibility of the sawtooth shape (sufficient height) and ensures that the sawtooth period is moderate. Thus, the edge shape of the output beam can be consistent with the contour height of the sawtooth gap, guaranteeing the sawtooth's ability to refine the beam edge. This gives the aperture mechanism with sawtooth superior beam shaping performance. Therefore, the aperture mechanism provided by this invention improves the smoothness of the beam edge, reduces the damage to laser performance and use, and minimizes the impact on the fine processing of target materials in manufacturing applications. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 is a front view of the aperture mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 is a magnified view of part A in Figure 1;

[0028] Figure 3 is a front view of the saw teeth provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the simulation model of the aperture body provided in the embodiment of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 5 shows the normalized light intensity distribution results of the laser beam shaping device provided in this embodiment of the present invention when the sawtooth period is 160μm and the sawtooth heights are 0.2mm, 0.6mm, 0.8mm and 1.0mm respectively.

[0031] Figure 6 is an experimental result comparing the beam shaping effect of the aperture mechanism provided in this embodiment of the present invention and a common aperture mechanism;

[0032] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser beam shaping device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0034] 100. Aperture mechanism; 10. Aperture component; 11. Aperture body; 111. First fixing part; 112. First serrated part; 1121. Serrated part; 12. Aperture supplement; 121. Second fixing part; 122. Second serrated part; 13. First end; 14. Second end; 15. Connection point; 20. Fixing and adjustment device; 21. First connecting component; 22. Second connecting component; 200. Spatial filtering mechanism; 201. Vacuum tube; 202. Incident lens; 203. Exit lens; 204. Filter aperture.

[0035] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this utility model will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0037] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in this utility model embodiment are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0038] It should also be noted that when a component is described as "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may be an intervening component present. When a component is described as "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intervening component present.

[0039] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this utility model is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of being achievable by those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0040] As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the aperture mechanism 100 provided in this embodiment of the present invention includes an annular aperture body 11. The aperture body 11 includes a fixed part and a sawtooth part. The sawtooth part is connected to the inner side of the fixed part and includes a plurality of adjacently arranged sawtooth teeth 1121. The ratio of the height H of the sawtooth teeth 1121 to the period L of the sawtooth teeth 1121 is D, where D≥6. In specific applications, D can be 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, etc.

[0041] Using the above technical solution, an aperture mechanism 100 with sawtooth 1121 is provided. After the input beam passes through the aperture body 11, the output beam will have a periodic sawtooth pattern, as shown in Figure 4. These high-frequency components will cause irregular edges in the beam, increasing the diffraction effect. In specific applications, the aperture mechanism 100 cooperates with the spatial filter mechanism 200. The spatial filter mechanism 200 filters out these high-frequency components through the filter aperture 204, thereby producing a smooth beam edge. Setting the ratio D of the height H of the sawtooth 1121 to the period L of the sawtooth 1121 to be greater than or equal to 6 not only improves the obviousness of the shape of the sawtooth 1121 (sufficient height) but also makes the period of the sawtooth 1121 moderate. In this way, the edge shape of the output beam can be consistent with the contour height of the gap of the sawtooth 1121, which can ensure the ability of the sawtooth 1121 to modify the beam edge, so that the aperture mechanism 100 with sawtooth 1121 has excellent beam shaping performance. When the ratio D is less than 6, the height of the sawtooth 1121 is insufficient to effectively control the edge of the beam, resulting in a convolution effect in the vertical direction, which makes the edge blurry. Therefore, the aperture mechanism 100 provided in this embodiment improves the smoothness of the beam edge, reduces the damage to the performance and use of the laser, and reduces the impact on the fine processing of the target material in processing applications.

[0042] In one embodiment, 0.6mm ≤ H ≤ 1.4mm. That is, the height H of the sawtooth 1121 is greater than or equal to 0.6mm and less than or equal to 1.4mm. In specific applications, the height H of the sawtooth 1121 can be 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1.0mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm, etc. Preferably, 0.8mm ≤ H ≤ 1.2mm.

[0043] When the height H of the sawtooth 1121 is set below 0.6 mm, the beam edge shaping effect is not significant. When the height H of the sawtooth 1121 is set above 1.4 mm, the processing difficulty of the sawtooth 1121 increases, and it also affects the performance of the spatial filtering mechanism 200, leading to an increased risk of poor beam shaping effect. Therefore, setting 0.6 mm ≤ H ≤ 1.4 mm can effectively improve the beam edge shaping effect while ensuring that the sawtooth 1121 is easy to process. As shown in Figure 5, when the height H of the sawtooth 1121 is 0.8 mm and 1.0 mm, the normalized light intensity distribution after filtering (i.e., beam shaping effect) is better, that is, the beam edge is relatively smooth.

[0044] In one embodiment, 100μm ≤ L ≤ 200μm. That is, the period L of the sawtooth 1121 is greater than or equal to 100μm and less than or equal to 200μm. In specific applications, the period L of the sawtooth 1121 can be 100μm, 110μm, 120μm, 130μm, 140μm, 150μm, 160μm, 170μm, 180μm, 190μm, 200μm, etc. Preferably, 130μm ≤ L ≤ 170μm. This setting makes the periodic effect of the sawtooth 1121 easily removed by the spatial filtering mechanism 200, and makes it easy for the spatial filtering mechanism 200 to achieve effective low-frequency filtering.

[0045] In one embodiment, the sawtooth 1121 is Gaussian in shape. The Gaussian-shaped sawtooth 1121 enables a smooth transition at the beam edge, thereby avoiding overly sharp beam edges, reducing diffraction effects, and minimizing optical losses caused by the sharp edges of the sawtooth 1121. Furthermore, the Gaussian-shaped sawtooth 1121 offers strong adjustability, allowing precise control over the smoothness of the beam edge transition. Additionally, while the intensity distribution of an ideal Gaussian beam exhibits a typical Gaussian curve distribution, high-power lasers deviate from this ideal Gaussian shape due to various reasons. Therefore, the Gaussian-shaped sawtooth 1121 is designed so that the beam edge after passing through the aperture conforms to the ideal Gaussian state.

[0046] It is understood that in other embodiments, the serration 1121 may also be triangular.

[0047] In one embodiment, the fixing part and the serrated part are integrally formed. This improves the manufacturing efficiency of the aperture mechanism 100. Of course, in other embodiments, the fixing part and the serrated part can also be manufactured separately and then assembled.

[0048] In one embodiment, the aperture body 11 is manufactured by finely ablation of materials such as iron, aluminum, or stainless steel using a high-energy laser, which ensures the precision and durability of the saw teeth 1121.

[0049] In one embodiment, the aperture body 11 is circular. Thus, the light beam output from the aperture body 11 is circular with serrated edges 1121. It is understood that in other embodiments, the aperture body 11 may also be a ring structure of other shapes.

[0050] Referring to Figure 1, the aperture mechanism 100 also includes a fixing and adjusting device 20. The aperture body 11 is connected to the fixing and adjusting device 20, which is used to adjust the diameter of the aperture body 11. Thus, the diameter of the aperture body 11 is adjustable. Therefore, the aperture mechanism 100 can adapt to different laser beams, improving its application performance. In specific applications, the inner diameter of the aperture body 11 can be adjusted by the fixing and adjusting device 20 according to the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the laser beam, so that the aperture body 11 matches the laser beam. The inner diameter ω of the aperture body 11 is the distance between the tips of two straight serrations 1121 whose lines pass through the center of the aperture body 11.

[0051] In one embodiment, the fixing and adjusting device 20 is used to continuously adjust the diameter of the aperture body 11. Given the different beams of different laser systems, the fixing and adjusting device 20 is provided to continuously adjust the diameter of the aperture body 11. The fixing and adjusting device 20 can precisely adjust the diameter of the aperture body 11 to cope with different operating conditions and meet diverse usage needs.

[0052] Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the aperture mechanism 100 also includes an aperture supplement 12, which is connected to the aperture body 11 and forms an aperture component 10 together with the aperture body 11. In specific applications, one part of the aperture component 10 is the aperture body 11, and the other part is the aperture supplement 12. By providing the aperture supplement 12, the diameter of the aperture body 11 can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the aperture supplement 12.

[0053] The structure of the aperture supplement 12 is the same as that of the aperture body 11, that is, the aperture supplement 12 also includes a fixing part and a serrated part. For ease of description, the fixing part of the aperture body 11 is defined as the first fixing part 111, the serrated part of the aperture body 11 is defined as the first serrated part 112, the fixing part of the aperture supplement 12 is defined as the second fixing part 121, and the serrated part of the aperture supplement 12 is defined as the second serrated part 122. The first fixing part 111 is connected to the second fixing part 121, and the first serrated part 112 is connected to the second serrated part 122. Preferably, the aperture body 11 and the aperture supplement 12 are integrally formed.

[0054] Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the aperture component 10 includes a first end 13 and a second end 14 disposed opposite to each other, and a connection point 15 disposed at any position between the first end 13 and the second end 14. Both the first end 13 and the connection point 15 are connected to the fixing and adjusting device 20 and are disposed adjacent to each other. The aperture component 10 located between the first end 13 and the connection point 15 is the aperture body 11. The second end 14 is a free end. In specific applications, the first end 13 and the connection point 15 are disposed closely adjacent to each other, and the serrations of the first end 13 and the serrations of the connection point 15 can be fitted together, that is, the base of the serrations of the first end 13 is fitted together with the base of the serrations of the connection point 15.

[0055] By setting a connection point 15 at any location between the first end 13 and the second end 14, when the connection point 15 (any location) of the aperture component 10 is connected to the fixing and adjusting device 20, any part of the aperture component 10 (i.e., the connection point 15) can be connected to the fixing and adjusting device 20. The aperture component 10 located between the first end 13 and the connection point 15 forms the aperture body 11. Therefore, when the length of the aperture component 10 between the connection point 15 and the first end 13 is short, a shorter diameter aperture body 11 is formed; when the length of the aperture component 10 between the connection point 15 and the first end 13 is long, a longer diameter aperture body 11 is formed. That is, the diameter of the aperture body 11 can be adjusted by changing the position of the connection point 15 on the aperture component 10. Simultaneously, this arrangement also allows for continuous adjustment of the diameter of the aperture body 11 by the fixing and adjusting device 20.

[0056] In one embodiment, the fixing and adjusting device 20 includes a first connecting member 21 and a second connecting member 22. The first connecting member 21 is fixedly connected to the first end 13, and the second connecting member 22 is connected to the connecting point 15. The second connecting member 22 has a locked state and an unlocked state. When the second connecting member 22 is in the locked state, the connecting point 15 is fixedly connected to the second connecting member 22. When the second connecting member 22 is in the unlocked state, the connecting point 15 is disengaged from the second connecting member 22.

[0057] In practical applications, when it is necessary to adjust the diameter of the aperture body 11, the second connecting component 22 can be in the unlocked state. At this time, the connecting point 15 is disengaged from the second connecting component 22, and the connecting point 15 of the aperture component 10 connected to the second connecting component 22 can be adjusted. For example, a certain part of the aperture supplement 12 can be adjusted as the connecting point 15 to increase the diameter of the aperture body 11, or a certain part of the aperture body 11 can be adjusted as the connecting point 15 to decrease the diameter of the aperture body 11. After the diameter of the aperture body 11 is adjusted, the second connecting component 22 can be in the locked state to fix the adjusted connecting point 15 to the second connecting component 22.

[0058] In one embodiment, the aperture component 10 is manufactured by fine ablation processing of materials such as iron, aluminum, or stainless steel using a high-energy laser.

[0059] Please refer to Figure 6. The beam shaping effect of the aperture mechanism 100 with sawtooth 1121 provided in this embodiment is compared with that of a common aperture mechanism. The experimental results show that the aperture mechanism 100 in this embodiment has a better beam shaping effect.

[0060] Furthermore, referring to Figure 7, this embodiment of the present invention also provides a laser beam shaping device, including the aforementioned aperture mechanism 100. By employing the aforementioned aperture mechanism 100, the smoothness of the beam edge can be improved, reducing the harm to the performance and use of the laser, and in processing applications, reducing the impact on the fine processing of target materials.

[0061] Referring to Figures 1, 2, and 7, the laser beam shaping device also includes a spatial filtering mechanism 200. The spatial filtering mechanism 200 includes a vacuum tube 201, an incident lens 202 and an exit lens 203 located at both ends of the vacuum tube 201, and a filtering aperture 204 located within the vacuum tube 201. The aperture body 11 is located on the side of the vacuum tube 201 where the incident lens 202 is located, and the beam passing through the sawtooth 1121 is directed towards the center of the beam filtering aperture 204 at one end of the aperture body 11, i.e., through the center of the beam filtering aperture 204 at the tip of the sawtooth 1121. It should be noted that for different diameter aperture bodies 11 adapted to different laser beams, the beam passing through the tip of their sawtooth 1121 all passes through the center of the filtering aperture 204.

[0062] In practical applications, the incident lens 202 is a focusing lens, and the exit lens 203 is a collimating lens. The focusing lens converts the wavefront of the incident beam into the spatial frequency domain, forming a spectral surface containing spatial frequency information at the back focal plane; the vacuum tube 201 and the filter aperture 204 work together to precisely block high-frequency components (corresponding to the edge details of the high-power laser beam), allowing only low-frequency components (corresponding to the smooth parts in the high-power laser beam) to pass through; the collimating lens performs an inverse transformation on the filtered beam, calibrating the beam to form parallel light. In this way, the edge shaping of the laser beam and the suppression of diffraction peaks can be achieved.

[0063] In one embodiment, the incident lens 202 and the exit lens 203 have the same focal length.

[0064] In one embodiment, the aperture of the filter aperture 204 ranges from 0.7mm to 2.0mm. This setting improves the filtering effect of the filter aperture 204. In specific applications, the aperture of the filter aperture 204 can be 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 1.0mm, 1.3mm, 1.5mm, 1.8mm, 2.0mm, etc.

[0065] The working principle of the laser beam shaping device provided by this utility model for beam shaping is as follows:

[0066] 1) The high-power laser beam to be shaped passes through the aperture body 11 of the aperture mechanism 100, and the edge of the output laser beam maps the sawtooth pattern of the aperture body 11.

[0067] 2) In the spatial filtering mechanism 200, the wavefront of the high-power laser beam is converted into the spatial frequency domain by the incident lens 202, that is, a spectral surface containing spatial frequency information is formed on the back focal plane; in the vacuum tube 201, the filter aperture 204 can selectively block the jagged pattern and details of the edge of the high-power laser beam, retaining the Gaussian distribution contour, that is, the smooth part, to achieve low-pass filtering and eliminate the high-frequency part; finally, the exit lens 203 performs inverse transformation on the filtered high-power laser beam to re-form a new beam in the spatial domain; the transmittance of the edge of the beam is Gaussian distributed, thereby achieving the purpose of shaping the edge of the laser beam and suppressing diffraction peaks.

[0068] The laser beam shaping device provided by this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0069] 1) The laser beam shaping device can optimize and modify the edge transmittance of the laser beam, realize the shaping of the laser beam edge, significantly improve the smoothness of the beam profile, and significantly reduce the height of the highest diffraction peak and the number of diffraction peak groups.

[0070] 2) The laser beam shaping device can uniformly distribute the energy of the spatial beam, improve beam quality, reduce optical loss, reduce damage to internal components of the laser, improve the working accuracy and efficiency of the laser, and thus improve the overall performance of the laser system.

[0071] 3) The aperture mechanism 100 can significantly improve the focusing quality of the laser beam, meeting the high standards required for precision machining in relevant industrial fields;

[0072] 4) Improved adaptability of the aperture mechanism 100. Under the premise of keeping the ratio of the height of the Gaussian sawtooth 1121 to the period of the sawtooth 1121 constant, the size of the aperture body 11 can be flexibly and continuously adjusted, making it widely applicable to various laser systems and different working conditions.

[0073] Furthermore, this utility model embodiment also provides an adjustment method for a laser beam shaping device. The laser beam shaping device includes a fixing and adjusting device 20 and an aperture mechanism 100. The aperture body 11 is connected to the fixing and adjusting device 20, and the fixing and adjusting device 20 is used to adjust the diameter of the aperture body 11. The method includes:

[0074] The diameter of the aperture body 11 is determined based on the laser parameters;

[0075] The diameter of the aperture body 11 is adjusted by the fixing and adjusting device 20;

[0076] The laser parameter is its full width at half maximum (FWHM). In specific applications, the inner diameter ω of the aperture body 11 is determined based on the laser's FWHM.

[0077] In one embodiment, the inner diameter ω of the aperture body 11 satisfies the following formula with respect to FWHM:

[0078]

[0079] FWHM represents the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the laser.

[0080] In practical applications, the inner diameter ω of the FWHM adjustment aperture body 11 of the incident beam can be referred to Table 1 and Table 2.

[0081] Table 1

[0082]

[0083] Table 2

[0084]

[0085] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and does not limit the patent scope of the present utility model. All equivalent structural transformations made under the inventive concept of the present utility model using the contents of the present utility model specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An aperture mechanism, characterized in that, The aperture body includes an annular shape and includes a fixed part and a sawtooth part connected to the inner side of the fixed part. The sawtooth part includes a plurality of adjacently arranged sawtooths, and the ratio of the height H of the sawtooth to the period L of the sawtooth is D, wherein D≥6.

2. The aperture mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, 0.6mm≤H≤1.4mm; and / or, 100μm≤L≤200μm.

3. The aperture mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, 0.8mm≤H≤1.2mm; and / or, 130μm≤L≤170μm.

4. The aperture mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The serrations are Gaussian-shaped or triangular; or, the fixing part and the serration part are integrally formed.

5. The aperture mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The aperture body is circular; the aperture mechanism also includes a fixing and adjusting device, the aperture body is connected to the fixing and adjusting device, and the fixing and adjusting device is used to adjust the diameter of the aperture body.

6. The aperture mechanism as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The fixing and adjusting device is used to continuously adjust the diameter of the aperture body.

7. The aperture mechanism as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The aperture mechanism further includes an aperture supplement, which is connected to the aperture body and forms an aperture component with the aperture body. The aperture component includes a first end and a second end disposed opposite to each other, and a connection point disposed at any position between the first end and the second end. The first end and the connection point are both connected to the fixing and adjusting device and are disposed adjacent to each other. The aperture component located between the first end and the connection point is the aperture body.

8. The aperture mechanism as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The fixing and adjusting device includes a first connecting component and a second connecting component. The first connecting component is fixedly connected to the first end, and the second connecting component is connected to the connecting point. The second connecting component has a locked state and an unlocked state. When the second connecting component is in the locked state, the connecting point is fixedly connected to the second connecting component. When the second connecting component is in the unlocked state, the connecting point is disengaged from the second connecting component.

9. A laser beam shaping device, characterized in that, Includes the aperture mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The laser beam shaping device as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The laser beam shaping device further includes a spatial filtering mechanism; the spatial filtering mechanism includes a vacuum tube, an incident lens and an exit lens disposed at both ends of the vacuum tube, and a filter aperture disposed inside the vacuum tube; the aperture body is disposed on the side of the vacuum tube where the incident lens is disposed, and the beam passing through the sawtooth towards the center of the aperture body passes through the center of the filter aperture.

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