Anaerobic reactor

Abstract

The utility model discloses an anaerobic reactor which comprises a reactor body, a water distribution pipe connected with a water inlet pipe is arranged at the bottom of the reactor body, a two-phase separator and a separation cover are arranged in the reactor body, a guide cylinder is arranged at the top of the reactor body, a first biogas output pipe is further arranged at the top of the reactor body, and the output end of the first biogas output pipe is connected to the water distribution pipe; the water inlet pipe is connected with the first biogas output pipe. A calcified sludge discharge pipe is arranged at the lower part of the reactor and is connected to the sludge separation mechanism, the sludge separation mechanism is provided with a calcified sludge discharge pipe and an activated sludge discharge pipe, the activated sludge discharge pipe is connected to the middle part of the side wall of the reactor, and telescopic ejector rods are arranged in the two separators. According to the anaerobic reactor, by optimizing the structural design, efficient biogas collection and cyclic utilization, accurate sludge separation and treatment and stable reaction environment regulation and control are realized, the anaerobic treatment efficiency is effectively improved, the operation cost is reduced, and good economic benefits and practicability are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of wastewater treatment technology, specifically an anaerobic reactor. Background Technology

[0002] In the fields of wastewater treatment and organic waste treatment, anaerobic treatment technology is widely used in industrial wastewater treatment, municipal sewage treatment, and agricultural waste treatment due to its advantages of low energy consumption and the ability to produce clean energy such as biogas. As the core equipment of anaerobic treatment technology, the performance of the anaerobic reactor directly affects the treatment efficiency and energy recovery effect.

[0003] Existing anaerobic reactors face numerous challenges during actual operation. For instance, biogas collection and utilization efficiency is low; some biogas leaks or fails to be fully recovered during internal reactor transport, leading to energy waste. The sludge treatment system is inadequate, failing to effectively separate calcified sludge and activated sludge, impacting subsequent sludge disposal and reducing microbial activity within the reactor, thus affecting treatment efficiency. Furthermore, existing reactors lack sufficient material mixing, reaction environment monitoring, and control, failing to precisely maintain optimal conditions for anaerobic reactions, limiting improvements in treatment efficiency and quality. Additionally, temperature differences caused by prolonged shutdowns may deform the two separators made of corrosion-resistant PVC, affecting separation performance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide an anaerobic reactor that can solve the problems of low biogas collection and utilization efficiency, poor sludge separation effect, difficulty in precise control of reaction environment, and insufficient material mixing, which leads to low treatment efficiency and high operating cost in existing anaerobic reactors.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is: an anaerobic reactor, including a reactor, a water distribution pipe at the bottom of the reactor, the water distribution pipe being connected to an inlet pipe, a two-stage separator inside the reactor, a second biogas output pipe connected to the two-stage separator, and a separation hood located near the top of the reactor.

[0006] The reactor is equipped with a downward-extending guide tube at the top, and the upper end of the separation hood extends into the bottom of the guide tube.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the top of the reactor is provided with a first biogas output pipe, and the output end of the first biogas output pipe is connected to a water distribution pipe at the bottom of the reactor.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the first biogas output pipe is provided with a branch pipe, which is a biogas discharge pipe, and a tee is provided at the connection point between the biogas discharge pipe and the first biogas output pipe.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the water inlet pipe is connected to the first biogas output pipe near the output end, and a tee is provided at the connection point.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the lower part of the reactor is provided with a calcified sludge discharge pipe, which is connected to a sludge separation mechanism. The sludge separation mechanism is provided with a calcified sludge discharge pipe and an activated sludge discharge pipe.

[0011] The activated sludge discharge pipe is connected to the middle of the side wall of the reactor.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, a sludge discharge pipe is provided on the reactor sidewall at the height of the bottom surface of the separation hood. The sludge discharge pipe is connected to the activated sludge discharge pipe, and a T-junction is provided at the connection point.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the reactor sidewall is equipped with a nutrient solution inlet pipe, an alkali solution inlet pipe, a temperature sensor, and a pH sensor.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the two separators are equipped with telescopic top rods.

[0015] The anaerobic reactor provided by this utility model, by adopting the above-described structure, has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] (1) By setting up a water distribution pipe at the bottom of the reactor and connecting it to the water inlet pipe, and connecting the first biogas output pipe at the top to the water distribution pipe, the biogas and water inlet are circulated and mixed. This not only greatly improves the biogas collection and utilization rate and avoids energy waste, but also strengthens the mixing effect of materials in the reactor, so that the anaerobic reaction can be carried out more fully and effectively improves the treatment efficiency.

[0017] (2) The calcified sludge discharge pipe at the bottom of the reactor is connected to the sludge separation mechanism, which can accurately separate calcified sludge and activated sludge. The separated activated sludge is returned to the middle of the reactor side wall through the activated sludge discharge pipe. This operation ensures the activity of microorganisms in the reactor and maintains efficient treatment capacity. At the same time, it avoids the problem of sludge accumulation at the bottom due to conventional bottom sludge return, and makes the distribution of returned sludge more uniform.

[0018] (3) By separating some biogas through two separators, and with the help of the separation hood and the guide tube, the sludge, sewage and biogas are further effectively separated, reducing the moisture content in the biogas, improving the quality of the biogas, and making the produced biogas more valuable. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0021] In the diagram: Reactor 1, Two-phase separator 2, Water distribution pipe 3, First biogas output pipe 4, Water inlet pipe 5, Biogas discharge pipe 6, Second biogas output pipe 7, Separation hood 8, Guide cylinder 9, Sludge discharge pipe 10, Calcified sludge discharge pipe 11, Sludge separation mechanism 12, Calcified sludge discharge pipe 121, Activated sludge discharge pipe 122, Drainage pipe 13, Nutrient solution inlet pipe 14, Alkali solution inlet pipe 15, Temperature sensor 16, pH sensor 17, Telescopic top rod 18. Detailed Implementation

[0022] like Figure 1 In the present invention, an anaerobic reactor includes a reactor 1, wherein a water distribution pipe 3 is provided at the bottom of the reactor 1 and is connected to an inlet pipe 5; a two-stage separator 2 is provided inside the reactor 1 and a second biogas output pipe 7 is connected to the two-stage separator 2; and a separation hood 8 is provided inside the reactor 1 near the top.

[0023] The reactor 1 is provided with a downward-extending guide tube 9 at the top, and the upper end of the separation hood 8 extends into the bottom of the guide tube 9.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, the top of the reactor 1 is provided with a first biogas output pipe 4, and the output end of the first biogas output pipe 4 is connected to the water distribution pipe 3 at the bottom of the reactor 1.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the first biogas output pipe 4 is provided with a branch pipe, which is a biogas discharge pipe 6, and a tee is provided at the connection position between the biogas discharge pipe 6 and the first biogas output pipe 4.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, the water inlet pipe 5 is connected to the first biogas output pipe 4 near the output end, and a tee is provided at the connection position.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the reactor 1 is provided with a calcified sludge discharge pipe 11 at the bottom, which is connected to a sludge separation mechanism 12. The sludge separation mechanism 12 is provided with a calcified sludge discharge pipe 121 and an activated sludge discharge pipe 122.

[0028] The activated sludge discharge pipe 122 is connected to the middle of the side wall of reactor 1.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, a sludge discharge pipe 10 is provided on the side wall of the reactor 1 at the height of the bottom surface of the separation hood 8. The sludge discharge pipe 10 is connected to the activated sludge discharge pipe 122, and a tee is provided at the connection point.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, the reactor 1 is provided with a nutrient solution inlet pipe 14, an alkali solution inlet pipe 15, a temperature sensor 16, and a pH sensor 17 on its side wall.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the two separators 2 are provided with a telescopic top rod 18.

[0032] The operating principle of the anaerobic reactor proposed in the above embodiments is as follows:

[0033] Wastewater or organic waste to be treated enters the system through inlet pipe 5. Since inlet pipe 5 is connected to the first biogas output pipe 4 near the output end, it mixes with the recirculated biogas at this point. The mixed material enters the water distribution pipe 3 at the bottom of reactor 1, which evenly distributes the material at the bottom of the reactor, allowing the material to fully contact the anaerobic microorganisms in the reactor and creating favorable conditions for anaerobic reaction.

[0034] Inside reactor 1, anaerobic microorganisms decompose and metabolize the organic matter in the material, resulting in an anaerobic reaction that produces biogas (mainly composed of methane and carbon dioxide), water, and a small amount of residual sludge. During this process, two separators 2 come into play, performing preliminary separation of the gas-liquid mixture produced during the reaction and exporting the biogas through the second biogas output pipe 7, thus achieving initial collection of the biogas.

[0035] The first biogas output pipe 4 at the top of reactor 1 collects a portion of the biogas and then re-transports it to the water distribution pipe 3 at the bottom of the reactor, achieving biogas recycling. On one hand, the recycled biogas can agitate the material, promoting full contact between the material and microorganisms, enhancing the mixing effect, and improving reaction efficiency; on the other hand, excess biogas can be discharged through the biogas discharge pipe 6 on the first biogas output pipe 4, facilitating centralized treatment and utilization of the biogas. Simultaneously, the design of the top of reactor 1 near the guide cylinder 9, in conjunction with the separation hood 8, further separates the rising biogas into gas and liquid components, simultaneously achieving the separation of sludge and other pollutants.

[0036] As the reaction proceeds, reactor 1 produces various sludge components, including calcified sludge and activated sludge. At the bottom of the reactor, calcified sludge discharge pipe 11 transports the mixed sludge containing calcified sludge to sludge separation mechanism 12. Sludge separation mechanism 12 first uses gravity settling, utilizing the density difference between the calcified sludge and other components, to initially separate the calcified sludge; then, a centrifuge further separates the remaining calcified sludge from the activated sludge. The separated calcified sludge is discharged through calcified sludge discharge pipe 121 for subsequent treatment, while the activated sludge is returned to the middle of the side wall of reactor 1 through activated sludge discharge pipe 122 to replenish the microbial population in the reactor and maintain the efficient anaerobic reaction. Furthermore, sludge discharge pipe 10, located at the height of the bottom surface of separation hood 8, can discharge excess activated sludge from the reactor, preventing excessive sludge accumulation from affecting the reaction effect.

[0037] Temperature sensor 16 and pH sensor 17, installed on the side wall of reactor 1, monitor the temperature and pH inside the reactor in real time. When the temperature or pH value deviates from the suitable reaction range for anaerobic microorganisms, the system can supplement necessary nutrients through nutrient solution inlet pipe 14 and adjust the pH through alkali solution inlet pipe 15 to ensure that the reaction environment is always in a state conducive to anaerobic reaction, thus ensuring efficient and stable reaction. At the same time, the telescopic top rod 18 inside the two separators 2 supports the internal structure of the two separators 2 through the inner sleeve when the reactor is shut down and temperature changes occur, preventing deformation of the two separators 2 due to temperature changes, ensuring the stability of the equipment structure, and preparing for the next operation.

[0038] In the above schemes, if the density of the calcified sludge is significantly greater than that of other components, preliminary separation can be achieved through gravity sedimentation. Alternatively, a centrifuge can be used to separate the different components in the mixture based on their density differences. If the calcified sludge is magnetic, or can be made magnetic by adding magnetic materials, then magnetic separation technology can be used for separation.

[0039] In the above scheme, the telescopic jack can adopt an adaptive sleeve support structure with a spring, mainly composed of an inner sleeve, an outer sleeve, a compression spring, and a limiting component. The diameter of the inner sleeve is slightly smaller than that of the outer sleeve, allowing it to slide freely within the outer sleeve, forming a nested telescopic structure. The compression spring is installed in the annular space between the inner and outer sleeves, with one end fixed to the end of the inner sleeve and the other end connected to the inner wall of the outer sleeve. The limiting component is located on the inner and outer sleeves to limit the telescopic range of the inner sleeve, preventing it from overextending or retracting.

[0040] Alternatively, a spiral adjusting sleeve structure can be used, consisting of a fixed sleeve, an adjusting sleeve, a screw, and an adjusting knob. One end of the fixed sleeve is fixed at a specific position on the two separators, serving as the supporting foundation for the entire structure; the adjusting sleeve is fitted over the fixed sleeve, and the two are connected by a threaded connection; the screw passes through the center hole of both the adjusting sleeve and the fixed sleeve, with one end fixedly connected to the bottom of the adjusting sleeve and the other end extending to the outside and connected to the adjusting knob.

[0041] Alternatively, a hydraulic telescopic push rod structure can be used, consisting of a hydraulic cylinder, piston, hydraulic lines, and a pressure control valve. The hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed at a suitable position in the two-phase separator, and the piston can reciprocate linearly within the hydraulic cylinder. One end of the piston contacts the inner wall of the two-phase separator, and the other end is connected to the hydraulic pump and pressure control valve through the hydraulic lines.

Claims

1. An anaerobic reactor, comprising a reactor (1), characterized in that: The reactor (1) is equipped with a water distribution pipe (3) at the bottom, which is connected to the water inlet pipe (5). The reactor (1) is equipped with a two-stage separator (2), and a second biogas output pipe (7) is connected to the two-stage separator (2). The reactor (1) is equipped with a separation hood (8) near the top. The reactor (1) is provided with a downward-extending guide tube (9) at the top, and the upper end of the separation hood (8) extends into the bottom of the guide tube (9).

2. The anaerobic reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reactor (1) is provided with a first biogas output pipe (4) at the top, and the output end of the first biogas output pipe (4) is connected to the water distribution pipe (3) at the bottom of the reactor (1).

3. An anaerobic reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first biogas output pipe (4) is provided with a branch pipe, which is a biogas discharge pipe (6). A tee is provided at the connection position between the biogas discharge pipe (6) and the first biogas output pipe (4).

4. An anaerobic reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water inlet pipe (5) is connected to the first biogas output pipe (4) near the output end, and a tee is provided at the connection position.

5. An anaerobic reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reactor (1) is provided with a calcified sludge discharge pipe (11) at the bottom, which is connected to the sludge separation mechanism (12). The sludge separation mechanism (12) is provided with a calcified sludge discharge pipe (121) and an activated sludge discharge pipe (122). The activated sludge discharge pipe (122) is connected to the middle of the side wall of the reactor (1).

6. An anaerobic reactor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The reactor (1) at the height of the bottom surface of the separation hood (8) is provided with a sludge discharge pipe (10), which is connected to the activated sludge discharge pipe (122) and the connection point is provided with a tee.

7. An anaerobic reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reactor (1) is equipped with a nutrient solution inlet pipe (14), an alkali solution inlet pipe (15), a temperature sensor (16), and a pH sensor (17) on its side wall.

8. An anaerobic reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two separators (2) are equipped with telescopic top rods (18).

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