Heavy-load rotary speed reducer

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of planetary reducers, in particular to a heavy-load rotary reducer, which is characterized in that a first groove is arranged at the top of an upper shell close to a hole, a full roller bearing is mounted in the first groove, and a first sealing ring is arranged at the top of the full roller bearing; a first lubricating channel is further formed in the upper shell and communicates with the bottom area of the full roller bearing, and a second sealing ring is arranged at the bottom of the communicating position. The first sealing ring, the full roller bearing, the second sealing ring and the first lubricating channel jointly form an independent first lubricating cavity; a second groove is formed in the position, close to the hole, of the bottom of the upper shell. A cylindrical roller bearing is installed in the second groove. The upper shell and the lower shell are provided with ventilation caps and oil windows, so that a cavity defined by the upper shell and the lower shell forms an independent second lubricating cavity used for containing lubricating oil and achieving self-oil-splashing lubrication. The utility model has the advantages that the lubricating reliability is improved, the shock resistance is enhanced, and the sealing and dust prevention are enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of planetary reducer technology, specifically a heavy-duty rotary reducer. Background Technology

[0002] Slewing reducers are widely used in heavy-load applications such as construction machinery and mining equipment. Their core function is to transmit the power of a hydraulic motor to a slewing bearing through a gear system, driving the equipment to rotate. Current technologies require these reducers to withstand harsh conditions such as instantaneous impact loads, high-frequency forward and reverse rotation, and continuous lubrication. However, traditional designs have shortcomings. Ordinary bearings, such as deep groove ball bearings, cannot withstand heavy impact loads, easily leading to deformation or failure. Inadequate load-sharing design of planetary gears can exacerbate localized wear and reduce equipment lifespan due to uneven load distribution. Single lubrication methods, such as oil bath lubrication, cannot meet diverse needs. High-speed planetary gears need to adapt to high speeds, while low-speed gears need to cope with impact loads; traditional designs struggle to achieve zoned lubrication. Full roll bearings, due to insufficient sealing, easily mix with gearbox lubricating oil, causing grease dilution or contamination and affecting lubrication performance. The separate design of gears and output shafts weakens meshing rigidity, easily generating vibration and noise under impact loads, reducing transmission accuracy, and increasing the risk of failure.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a rotary reducer design that can simultaneously optimize shock resistance, lubrication reliability, and structural rigidity. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a heavy-duty rotary reducer to simultaneously optimize impact resistance, lubrication reliability and structural rigidity.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, a heavy-duty rotary reducer is designed, comprising an upper housing and a lower housing. A multi-stage planetary gear system is housed within the cavity formed by the upper and lower housings. The input shaft passes through the lower housing and connects to the high-speed sun gear of the multi-stage planetary gear system. One end of the output shaft passes through the upper housing and connects to the low-speed planetary carrier of the multi-stage planetary gear system. The other end of the output shaft is equipped with an output gear. The upper housing has a hole through which the output shaft passes. A first groove is provided on the top of the upper housing near the hole, and a full roller bearing is installed in the first groove. A first sealing ring is provided on the top of the full roller bearing. A first lubrication channel is also provided within the upper housing, and the first lubrication channel connects to the full roller bearing. The bottom area of ​​the bearing is connected, and a second sealing ring is provided at the bottom of the connection point; the first sealing ring, the full roller bearing, the second sealing ring, and the first lubrication channel together form an independent first lubrication cavity; the upper housing is provided with an oil filler and a pressure vent cap communicating with the first lubrication channel, for adding grease to the first lubrication cavity and venting air; a second groove is provided at the bottom of the upper housing near the hole, and a cylindrical roller bearing is installed in the second groove; a vent cap and an oil window are provided on the upper housing and the lower housing, so that the cavity enclosed by the upper housing and the lower housing forms an independent second lubrication cavity for containing lubricating oil and achieving self-splashing lubrication.

[0006] Preferably, the present invention further includes: a connecting flange is provided on the top of the upper housing, and the connecting flange presses against the full roller bearing and the first sealing ring.

[0007] Preferably, the present invention further includes: an oil filler and a pressure vent cap are provided on the outer side of the upper housing and communicate with the first lubrication channel.

[0008] Preferably, the present invention further includes: a protruding structure is provided on the outer edge of the connection between the low-speed planetary carrier and the output shaft, the protruding structure being used to support the bottom of the inner ring of the cylindrical roller bearing.

[0009] Preferably, the present invention further includes: the multi-stage planetary gear system includes a high-speed sun gear, a high-speed planetary carrier, a low-speed sun gear, and a low-speed planetary carrier; the high-speed planetary gear is supported by cylindrical roller bearings, and the low-speed planetary gear is supported by full-load needle roller bearings; the high-speed sun gear, the low-speed sun gear, the high-speed planetary carrier, and the low-speed planetary carrier all adopt a floating structure to achieve load equalization.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this utility model are:

[0011] To improve lubrication reliability, a closed lubrication system consisting of seals, lubrication channels, and cavities is independently set up for full roller bearings. Grease is injected through the grease nipple and air is expelled using a pressure vent cap, effectively preventing dilution or contamination caused by the mixing of grease and gearbox lubricating oil, and ensuring long-term lubrication of the bearings. At the same time, the main cavity of the gearbox achieves self-splashing lubrication through the oil window and vent cap, meeting the lubrication needs of the planetary gear system, forming a zoned lubrication mechanism, and significantly improving overall lubrication reliability.

[0012] To enhance impact resistance, the output shaft adopts a combination support structure of full roller bearings and cylindrical roller bearings. Combined with the raised structure on the outer edge of the low-speed planetary carrier to support the bottom of the inner ring of the cylindrical roller bearing, the radial load capacity is greatly improved. The high-speed planetary gear adopts cylindrical roller bearings and the low-speed planetary gear adopts full needle roller support design, which further optimizes the ability to resist instantaneous impact loads and reduces the risk of deformation or failure.

[0013] To extend load distribution and lifespan, the high-speed sun gear, low-speed sun gear, high-speed planetary carrier, and low-speed planetary carrier all adopt a floating structure design, which makes the load of the multi-stage planetary gear system evenly distributed, avoids abnormal wear caused by local overload, and extends the service life of key components.

[0014] The structural rigidity is optimized by adopting an integrated design for the output gear and output shaft, which enhances meshing rigidity, reduces vibration and noise under impact loads, and improves transmission accuracy and stability.

[0015] Enhanced sealing and dust prevention: The multi-seal design of the independent lubrication chamber effectively isolates external dust from entering, and, together with the rotating lip seal structure of the main chamber, prevents lubricating oil leakage and ensures internal cleanliness. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a sectional view of the present invention;

[0017] In the diagram: 1 First sealing ring, 2 Full roller bearing, 3 Pressure vent cap, 4 Second sealing ring, 5 Vent cap, 6 Oil window, 7 Cylindrical roller bearing, 8 Low-speed planetary gear, 9 Elastic cylindrical pin, 10 Input shaft, 11 Cylindrical roller bearing, 12 High-speed sun gear, 13 High-speed planetary carrier, 14 Needle roller, 15 Low-speed sun gear, 16 Low-speed planetary carrier, 17 Oil nozzle, 18 Gear output shaft, 19 Upper housing, 20 Lower housing, 21 First lubrication channel, 22 Connecting flange, 23 Protruding structure, 24 High-speed planetary gear, 25 First lubrication cavity, 26 First groove, 27 Second groove, 28 Second lubrication cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the purpose, principle and structure of this utility model clearer, the following description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0019] This utility model provides a heavy-duty rotary reducer, the specific structure of which is as follows.

[0020] The upper housing 19 and the lower housing 20 are connected by screws to form a sealed cavity, within which a multi-stage planetary gear system is installed. The input shaft 10 passes through a hole in the lower housing 20 and connects to the high-speed sun gear 12. The output shaft 18 passes through a hole in the upper housing 19 and connects to the low-speed planetary carrier 16. An output gear is located at the end of the output shaft 18. A first groove 26 is formed on the top of the upper housing 19 near the hole. The first groove 26 is located on the inner wall of the hole, and a full roller bearing 2 is installed within it. A first sealing ring 1 is placed at the top of the first groove 26. A first lubrication channel 21 is formed inside the upper housing 19. One end of the first lubrication channel 21 is located on the outer wall of the upper housing 19, and the other end is located below the first groove 26 on the inner wall of the upper housing 19. The first lubrication channel 21 communicates with the bottom of the full roller bearing 2, and a second sealing ring 4 is placed at the bottom of the communication point. The first sealing ring 1, the full roller bearing 2, the second sealing ring 4, and the first lubrication channel 21 together form a closed first lubrication cavity 25. The upper housing 19 has an inwardly extending section near the hole, the inner wall of which conforms to the shape of the output shaft 18. An oil filler 17 and a pressure vent cap 3 are installed on the outer side of the upper housing 19, used for adding grease to the first lubrication chamber 25 and venting air, respectively. A second groove 27 is formed at the bottom of the upper housing 19 near the hole, located at the end of the extension section of the upper housing 19 and below the second sealing ring 4. A cylindrical roller bearing 7 is installed in the second groove 27. The upper housing 19 and lower housing 20 are equipped with a vent cap 5 and an oil window 6, forming an independent second lubrication chamber 28 between the housing cavity, the second sealing ring 4, and the sealing structure between the input shaft 10 and the lower housing 20, accommodating lubricating oil for self-splashing lubrication.

[0021] The top of the upper housing 19 is provided with a connecting flange 22. The connecting flange 22 is located on the top end face of the hole in the upper housing 19. The connecting flange 22 is fixedly connected to the upper housing 19 by bolts, and the full roller bearing 2 and the first sealing ring 1 are pressed by the end face of the connecting flange 22 near the upper housing 19.

[0022] A raised structure 23 is provided on the outer edge of the connection between the low-speed planetary carrier 16 and the output shaft 18 to support the bottom of the inner ring of the cylindrical roller bearing 7. The multi-stage planetary gear system includes a high-speed sun gear 12, a high-speed planetary carrier 13, a low-speed sun gear 15, and a low-speed planetary carrier 16. The high-speed planetary gear 24 is supported by the cylindrical roller bearing 11, and the low-speed planetary gear 8 is supported by the full-length needle roller bearing 14. The high-speed sun gear 12, the low-speed sun gear 15, the high-speed planetary carrier 13, and the low-speed planetary carrier 16 all adopt a floating structure to achieve uniform load distribution. The input shaft 10 is equipped with a high-speed sun gear 12, which meshes with a high-speed planetary gear 24 for transmission. The high-speed planetary gear 24 is mounted on a high-speed planetary pin via a cylindrical roller bearing 11. The high-speed planetary pin is fixedly mounted on the circumference of a high-speed planetary carrier 13 to achieve transmission. A high-speed output shaft is fixedly mounted on the side of the high-speed planetary carrier 13 away from the input shaft 10. A low-speed sun gear 15 is equipped on the high-speed output shaft, which meshes with a low-speed planetary gear 8 for transmission. The low-speed planetary gear 8 is mounted on a low-speed planetary pin via a roller 14. The low-speed planetary pin is fixedly mounted on the circumference of a low-speed planetary carrier 16. The low-speed planetary carrier 16 meshes with an output shaft 18 for transmission, so that the force input from the input shaft 10 is transmitted to the output shaft 18 after multiple stages of speed reduction and torque amplification.

[0023] Preferably, the first sealing ring 1 and the second sealing ring 4 can be double-lip sealing rings to ensure that the sealing rings maintain good sealing performance when they rotate relative to each other, and the lip sealing rings can produce good sealing performance under lubricating oil pressure or component pressure.

[0024] When the reducer is working, the hydraulic motor drives the input shaft 10 to rotate the high-speed sun gear 12. After being reduced in speed by a multi-stage planetary gear system, the power is transmitted to the output shaft 18 by the low-speed planetary carrier 16. The full roll bearing 2 and the cylindrical roller bearing 7 share the radial impact load. The first lubrication chamber 25 independently lubricates the full roll bearing 2, while the second lubrication chamber 28 lubricates the planetary gear system through self-splashing oil. The vent cap 5 and the pressure vent cap 3 maintain the pressure balance of the chambers, and the oil window 6 is used to observe the lubricating oil level.

[0025] This structure, through partitioned lubrication, floating load sharing, and integrated output shaft design, significantly improves the reliability and lifespan of the reducer under heavy load, high impact, and frequent forward and reverse rotation conditions.

[0026] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model, based on the technical solution and novel concept of this utility model, should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A heavy-duty rotary reducer, comprising an upper housing (19) and a lower housing (20), wherein a multi-stage planetary gear system is provided within a cavity formed by the upper housing (19) and the lower housing (20), an input shaft (10) passes through the lower housing (20) and is connected to the high-speed sun gear (12) of the multi-stage planetary gear system, an output shaft (18) passes through the upper housing (19) and is connected at one end to the low-speed planet carrier (16) of the multi-stage planetary gear system, and an output gear is provided at the other end of the output shaft (18), characterized in that: The upper housing (19) has a hole through which the output shaft (18) passes; The top of the upper housing (19) is provided with a first groove (26) near the hole, and a full roller bearing (2) is installed in the first groove (26). The top of the full roller bearing (2) is provided with a first sealing ring (1). The upper housing (19) is also provided with a first lubrication channel (21), which is connected to the bottom area of ​​the full roller bearing (2). A second sealing ring (4) is provided at the bottom of the connection. The first sealing ring (1), the full roller bearing (2), the second sealing ring (4) and the first lubrication channel (21) together form an independent first lubrication cavity (25). The upper housing (19) is provided with a grease nipple (17) and a pressure vent cap (3) connected to the first lubrication channel (21) for adding grease to the first lubrication cavity (25) and venting air. The bottom of the upper housing (19) near the hole is provided with a second groove (27), and a cylindrical roller bearing (7) is installed in the second groove (27). The upper housing (19) and the lower housing (20) are provided with a vent cap (5) and an oil window (6), so that the cavity formed by the upper housing (19) and the lower housing (20) forms an independent second lubrication cavity (28) for containing lubricating oil and realizing self-splashing lubrication.

2. The heavy-duty rotary reducer as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The upper housing (19) is provided with a connecting flange (22) at the top, and the connecting flange (22) presses against the full roller bearing (2) and the first sealing ring (1).

3. A heavy-duty rotary reducer as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The outer side of the upper housing (19) is provided with a filling nozzle (17) and a pressure vent cap (3) which are connected to the first lubrication channel (21).

4. A heavy-duty rotary reducer as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The outer edge of the connection between the low-speed planetary carrier (16) and the output shaft (18) is provided with a protruding structure (23), which is used to support the bottom of the inner ring of the cylindrical roller bearing (7).

5. A heavy-duty rotary reducer as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The multi-stage planetary gear system includes a high-speed sun gear (12), a high-speed planetary carrier (13), a low-speed sun gear (15), and a low-speed planetary carrier (16). The high-speed planetary gear (24) is supported by cylindrical roller bearings (7), and the low-speed planetary gear (8) is supported by full-load needle rollers (14). The high-speed sun gear (12), the low-speed sun gear (15), the high-speed planetary carrier (13), and the low-speed planetary carrier (16) all adopt a floating structure to achieve load equalization.

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