Environment-friendly biomass boiler feeding device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of industrial boilers, and particularly discloses an environment-friendly biomass boiler feeding device which comprises a motor box, a transmission shaft is rotationally connected into the motor box, the transmission shaft penetrates through a side plate of the motor box and extends out of the motor box, and the end, away from the motor box, of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected with a second rotating shaft. The surface of the second rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a variable-diameter spiral blade, and the diameter of the variable-diameter spiral blade is gradually reduced from right to left. The spiral blade has the advantages that the diameter of a traditional equal-diameter spiral blade is changed to be gradually reduced from the feeding end to the discharging end, the spiral shaft is matched with increasing of the rotating speed, smashed fuel is extruded through extrusion force, gaps among the extruded fuel particles are reduced, heat generated during combustion can be more concentrated, and the combustion efficiency is improved. Heat dissipated into the surrounding environment through gaps is reduced, so that the heat utilization rate is increased, and meanwhile, the combustion speed of the compacted fuel is relatively slow due to the fact that the contact area of the fuel and oxygen is controlled to a certain extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of industrial boiler technology, specifically to an environmentally friendly biomass boiler feeding device. Background Technology

[0002] In biomass energy utilization, the boiler feeding device is crucial for ensuring combustion efficiency. When biomass fuel is burned directly, its low density and large volume easily lead to uneven accumulation. Although crushing reduces particle size, the material remains loose and highly permeable, resulting in excessively fast combustion speed and short combustion duration. This necessitates frequent feeding, increasing labor costs and causing unstable combustion conditions, thus affecting thermal efficiency. Traditional feeding devices struggle to resolve the conflict between material density and looseness.

[0003] Patent publication number CN202032605U discloses a feeding device for a boiler, which includes a feeding box (1), a feeding channel (2), and a pushing mechanism. One end of the feeding channel (2) is connected to the feeding box (1), and the other end of the feeding channel (2) is connected to the lower part of the combustion chamber (4) of the boiler. The outlet of the feeding channel (2) is located at the feeding point of the grate at the lower part of the combustion chamber. The pushing mechanism includes a pushing rod (31), a reducer (32), and a motor (33). The reducer (32) is installed on the feeding box (1). One end of the pushing rod (31) is connected to the power output shaft of the reducer (32), and the other end is located in the feeding channel (2). The pushing rod (31) is also provided with a spiral pushing blade (311).

[0004] To address the issue of large amounts of biomass fuel falling onto the surface of the burning layered combustion core and enveloping it, making it difficult to achieve uniform feeding and leading to insufficient oxygen supply and black smoke from the furnace, existing technology addresses this by placing the feed outlet of the feed channel at the feed inlet of the grate at the bottom of the combustion chamber. However, this still results in problems such as the biomass raw material having too low density when burned directly, and being too loose when burned directly after being crushed, leading to excessively rapid combustion, short combustion time, and the need for frequent feeding. Utility Model Content

[0005] To solve the above problems, this utility model provides an environmentally friendly biomass boiler feeding device, which is achieved through the following technical solution.

[0006] An environmentally friendly biomass boiler feeding device includes a motor housing. A drive shaft is rotatably connected inside the motor housing. The drive shaft extends through a side plate of the motor housing and into the outside of the motor housing. A second rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the end of the drive shaft away from the motor housing. A variable-diameter helical blade is fixedly connected to the surface of the second rotating shaft. The diameter of the variable-diameter helical blade gradually decreases from right to left. An extrusion tube is provided outside the second rotating shaft. The shape of the extrusion tube is the same as that of the second rotating shaft. A base is fixedly connected to the bottom of the extrusion tube. A feed inlet is opened at the top right side of the extrusion tube, and a discharge outlet is opened at the left side of the extrusion tube. A combustion furnace is fixedly connected to the left side of the extrusion tube, and the discharge outlet is located inside the combustion furnace.

[0007] It also includes a crushing mechanism, a driving mechanism, and a conveying mechanism;

[0008] The crushing mechanism is used to crush the raw materials;

[0009] The drive mechanism is used to drive the crushing mechanism and the variable diameter spiral blades to rotate;

[0010] The conveying mechanism is used to transport the crushed raw materials into the extrusion tube.

[0011] A further improvement of the present invention is that: a top plate is fixedly connected to the top of the motor box, a support frame is fixedly connected to the top of the top plate, a crushing box is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame, a feed hopper is fixedly connected to the top of the crushing box, the cross-sectional area of ​​the feed hopper gradually increases from bottom to top, and a protective shell is fixedly connected to the back of the crushing box.

[0012] A further improvement of the present invention is that the crushing mechanism includes a crushing roller, which is rotatably connected to the left and right sides inside the crushing box. The two crushing rollers mesh with each other. A rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the axis of the crushing roller. The rotating shaft passes through the back panel of the crushing box and extends into the outside of the crushing box. A transmission gear is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft. The two transmission gears mesh with each other. A buffer box is provided at the bottom of the crushing roller. The buffer box is fixedly connected to the inside of the support frame.

[0013] A further improvement of the present invention is that the driving mechanism includes a bidirectional motor, which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the motor housing. The bidirectional motor has two output ends. One output end of the bidirectional motor is fixedly connected to a second pulley. A first pulley is fixedly connected to the axis of the transmission gear on the left side. A belt is movably connected to the surfaces of the second pulley and the first pulley. The first pulley and the second pulley are connected by belt drive. The first pulley, the belt, and the second pulley are arranged inside the protective housing.

[0014] A further improvement of this utility model is that: a worm gear is fixedly connected to the other output end of the bidirectional motor, a turbine is engaged at the top of the worm gear, and the transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the axis of the turbine.

[0015] A further improvement of the present invention is that the conveying mechanism includes a discharge hopper, which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the buffer box. The discharge hopper is funnel-shaped, and a conveying pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the discharge hopper. The end of the conveying pipe away from the discharge hopper is fixedly connected to the inlet, and the conveying pipe slopes downward from right to left.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0017] 1. This utility model provides an environmentally friendly biomass boiler feeding device, which adopts a combination of a worm gear, turbine, drive shaft, discharge hopper, conveying pipe, base, extrusion pipe, rotating shaft II, variable diameter spiral blades, feed port, discharge port, and combustion furnace. The crushed raw material is conveyed to the inside of the extrusion pipe through the discharge hopper and conveying pipe. At the same time, the other output end of the bidirectional motor drives the worm gear to rotate. The worm gear, through its meshing with the turbine, drives the drive shaft to rotate, thereby driving the rotating shaft II and the variable diameter spiral blades to rotate. By changing the traditional constant diameter spiral blades to gradually decreasing diameter from the feed end to the discharge end, and with the increase of the spiral shaft speed, the crushed fuel is compressed by the extrusion force. The gaps between the compressed fuel particles are reduced, which allows the heat generated during combustion to be more concentrated and reduces the heat loss to the surrounding environment through the gaps, thereby improving the heat utilization rate. At the same time, the compacted fuel burns relatively slowly because the contact area between the fuel and oxygen is controlled to a certain extent, allowing the fuel to be consumed gradually, thereby extending the overall combustion time.

[0018] 2. This utility model provides an environmentally friendly biomass boiler feeding device, which adopts the cooperation of pulley one, belt, pulley two, bidirectional motor box, top plate, support frame, crushing box, feed hopper, protective shell, crushing roller, rotating shaft one, transmission gear, and buffer box. By starting the bidirectional motor, one output end of the bidirectional motor drives pulley two to rotate, pulley two in turn drives pulley one to rotate through the belt, and pulley one to rotate in turn drives the transmission gear. The meshing of the two transmission gears drives the two crushing rollers to mesh with each other, and then the fuel is fed into the crushing box through the feed hopper. The meshing and squeezing of the crushing rollers is used to initially crush the biomass fuel, which facilitates the subsequent compaction of the fuel. The protective shell can prevent the transmission parts of the device from being exposed to the outside, thereby ensuring the safety of the operator. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the environmentally friendly biomass boiler feeding device of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the extrusion tube of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rear structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the drive mechanism of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the drive mechanism of this utility model.

[0026] In the diagram: 2. Crushing mechanism; 3. Drive mechanism; 4. Conveying mechanism;

[0027] 11. Motor housing; 12. Top plate; 13. Support frame; 14. Crushing box; 15. Feed hopper; 16. Protective shell; 21. Crushing roller; 22. Shaft 1; 23. Transmission gear; 24. Buffer box; 31. Pulley 1; 32. Belt; 33. Pulley 2; 34. Bidirectional motor; 35. Worm gear; 36. Turbine; 37. Drive shaft; 41. Discharge hopper; 42. Conveying pipe; 51. Base; 52. Extrusion pipe; 53. Shaft 2; 54. Variable diameter spiral blade; 55. Feed inlet; 56. Discharge outlet; 61. Furnace. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0029] like Figure 1-6 As shown, this utility model has the following two specific embodiments.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] This utility model provides an environmentally friendly biomass boiler feeding device, including a motor housing 11. A drive shaft 37 is rotatably connected inside the motor housing 11. The drive shaft 37 extends through the side plate of the motor housing 11 and into the outside of the motor housing 11. A rotating shaft 53 is fixedly connected to the end of the drive shaft 37 away from the motor housing 11. A variable diameter spiral blade 54 is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating shaft 53. The diameter of the variable diameter spiral blade 54 gradually decreases from right to left. An extrusion tube 52 is provided outside the rotating shaft 53. The shape of the extrusion tube 52 is the same as that of the rotating shaft 53. A base 51 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the extrusion tube 52. A feed inlet 55 is opened on the top right side of the extrusion tube 52. A discharge outlet 56 is opened on the left side of the extrusion tube 52. A combustion furnace 61 is fixedly connected to the left side of the extrusion tube 52. The discharge outlet 56 is located inside the combustion furnace 61.

[0032] It also includes a crushing mechanism 2, a driving mechanism 3, and a conveying mechanism 4;

[0033] The crushing mechanism 2 is used to crush the raw materials;

[0034] The drive mechanism 3 is used to drive the crushing mechanism 2 and the variable diameter spiral blade 54 to rotate;

[0035] The conveying mechanism 4 is used to transport the crushed raw materials into the extrusion tube 52.

[0036] Another output end of the bidirectional motor 34 is fixedly connected to a worm gear 35, and a turbine gear 36 is engaged at the top of the worm gear 35. The drive shaft 37 is fixedly connected to the axis of the turbine gear 36.

[0037] The conveying mechanism 4 includes a discharge hopper 41, which is fixed to the bottom of the buffer box 24. The discharge hopper 41 is funnel-shaped, and a conveying pipe 42 is fixed to the bottom of the discharge hopper 41. The end of the conveying pipe 42 away from the discharge hopper 41 is fixed to the inlet 55. The conveying pipe 42 slopes downward from right to left.

[0038] In this embodiment, the pulverized raw material is conveyed into the extrusion tube 52 via the discharge hopper 41 and the conveying pipe 42. Simultaneously, the worm gear 35 is driven to rotate via the other output end of the bidirectional motor 34. The worm gear 35, through its meshing with the turbine 36, drives the transmission shaft 37 to rotate, thereby driving the rotating shaft 53 and the variable-diameter spiral blades 54 to rotate. By replacing the traditional constant-diameter spiral blades with blades whose diameter gradually decreases from the feed end to the discharge end, and by increasing the speed of the spiral shaft, the pulverized fuel is compressed using extrusion pressure. The reduced gaps between the compressed fuel particles allow for more concentrated heat during combustion, reducing heat loss to the surrounding environment and improving heat utilization. Simultaneously, the compacted fuel burns relatively slowly because the contact area between the fuel and oxygen is controlled to some extent, allowing the fuel to be consumed gradually, thus extending the overall combustion time.

[0039] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figures 3 and 5, the crushed raw material is conveyed into the extrusion tube 52 via the discharge hopper 41 and the conveying pipe 42. Simultaneously, the worm 35 is driven to rotate through the other output end of the bidirectional motor 34. The worm 35, in turn, drives the transmission shaft 37 to rotate through its meshing with the turbine 36, thereby driving the rotating shaft 53 and the variable diameter spiral blades 54 to rotate. By changing the traditional equal diameter spiral blades to gradually decreasing diameter from the feed end to the discharge end, and coordinating with the increased speed of the spiral shaft, the crushed fuel is compressed by the extrusion force. The gaps between the compressed fuel particles are reduced, which allows the heat generated during combustion to be more concentrated and reduces the heat loss to the surrounding environment through the gaps, thereby improving the heat utilization rate. At the same time, the compacted fuel burns relatively slowly because the contact area between the fuel and oxygen is controlled to a certain extent, allowing the fuel to be consumed gradually, thereby extending the overall combustion time.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] The difference from Embodiment 1 is that this embodiment discloses a crushing mechanism 2 and a driving mechanism 3.

[0042] Preferably, a top plate 12 is fixedly connected to the top of the motor housing 11, a support frame 13 is fixedly connected to the top of the top plate 12, a crushing box 14 is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame 13, a feed hopper 15 is fixedly connected to the top of the crushing box 14, the cross-sectional area of ​​the feed hopper 15 gradually increases from bottom to top, and a protective shell 16 is fixedly connected to the back of the crushing box 14.

[0043] The crushing mechanism 2 includes a crushing roller 21, which is rotatably connected to the left and right sides inside the crushing box 14. The two crushing rollers 21 mesh with each other. A rotating shaft 22 is fixedly connected to the axis of the crushing roller 21. The rotating shaft 22 passes through the back panel of the crushing box 14 and extends into the outside of the crushing box 14. A transmission gear 23 is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft 22. The two transmission gears 23 mesh with each other. A buffer box 24 is provided at the bottom of the crushing roller 21. The buffer box 24 is fixedly connected to the inside of the support frame 13.

[0044] The drive mechanism 3 includes a bidirectional motor 34, which is fixed to the bottom of the inner wall of the motor housing 11. The bidirectional motor 34 has two output ends. One output end of the bidirectional motor 34 is fixed to a pulley 33. A pulley 31 is fixed to the axis of the left transmission gear 23. A belt 32 is movably connected to the surfaces of pulley 33 and pulley 31. Pulley 31 and pulley 33 are connected by belt 32. Pulley 31, belt 32 and pulley 33 are arranged inside the protective housing 16.

[0045] In this embodiment, as Figure 4 and6 As shown, by starting the bidirectional motor 34, one output end of the bidirectional motor 34 drives the pulley 2 33 to rotate. The pulley 2 33 then drives the pulley 1 31 to rotate via the belt 32. The rotation of the pulley 1 31 drives the transmission gear 23 to rotate. Through the meshing of the two transmission gears 23, the two crushing rollers 21 are driven to mesh with each other. Then, the fuel is fed into the crushing box 14 through the feed hopper 15. The biomass fuel is initially crushed by the meshing and squeezing of the crushing rollers 21, which facilitates the subsequent compaction of the fuel. The protective shell 16 can prevent the transmission parts of the device from being exposed to the outside, thereby ensuring the safety of the operator.

[0046] The working principle of this utility model is as follows:

[0047] By starting the bidirectional motor 34, one output of the bidirectional motor 34 drives pulley 2 33 to rotate. Pulley 2 33 then drives pulley 1 31 to rotate via belt 32. The rotation of pulley 1 31 in turn drives the transmission gear 23 to rotate. The meshing of the two transmission gears 23 drives the two crushing rollers 21 to mesh with each other. Then, the fuel is fed into the crushing box 14 through the feed hopper 15. The biomass fuel is initially crushed by the meshing and squeezing of the crushing rollers 21, which facilitates the subsequent compaction of the fuel. The crushed raw material is then transported into the extrusion tube 52 through the discharge hopper 41 and the conveying pipe 42. At the same time as crushing, the other output of the bidirectional motor 34 drives the worm gear. The rod 35 rotates, and the worm gear 35, through its meshing with the turbine 36, drives the transmission shaft 37 to rotate, thereby driving the rotating shaft 53 and the variable diameter spiral blade 54 to rotate. By changing the traditional equal diameter spiral blade to one with a gradually decreasing diameter from the feed end to the discharge end, and in conjunction with the increase in the speed of the spiral shaft, the crushed fuel is compressed by the extrusion pressure. The gaps between the compressed fuel particles are reduced, which allows the heat generated during combustion to be more concentrated and reduces the heat loss to the surrounding environment through the gaps, thereby improving the heat utilization rate. At the same time, the compacted fuel burns relatively slowly because the contact area between the fuel and oxygen is controlled to a certain extent, allowing the fuel to be consumed gradually, thereby extending the overall combustion time.

[0048] The preferred embodiments of this utility model disclosed above are merely illustrative of the present utility model. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the utility model to any specific implementation. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. The selection and detailed description of these embodiments in this specification are intended to better explain the principles and practical applications of this utility model, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize it.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly biomass boiler feeding device, comprising a motor housing (11), characterized in that: The motor housing (11) is rotatably connected to a drive shaft (37). The drive shaft (37) passes through the side plate of the motor housing (11) and extends into the outside of the motor housing (11). The end of the drive shaft (37) away from the motor housing (11) is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft (53). A variable diameter spiral blade (54) is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating shaft (53). The diameter of the variable diameter spiral blade (54) gradually decreases from right to left. An extrusion tube (52) is provided outside the rotating shaft (53). The shape of the extrusion tube (52) is the same as that of the rotating shaft (53). A base (51) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the extrusion tube (52). A feed inlet (55) is opened on the top right side of the extrusion tube (52). A discharge outlet (56) is opened on the left side of the extrusion tube (52). A furnace (61) is fixedly connected to the left side of the extrusion tube (52). The discharge outlet (56) is located inside the furnace (61). It also includes a crushing mechanism (2), a driving mechanism (3) and a conveying mechanism (4); The crushing mechanism (2) is used to crush the raw materials; The drive mechanism (3) is used to drive the crushing mechanism (2) and the variable diameter spiral blades (54) to rotate; The conveying mechanism (4) is used to convey the crushed raw materials into the extrusion tube (52).

2. The environmentally friendly biomass boiler feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A top plate (12) is fixed to the top of the motor housing (11), a support frame (13) is fixed to the top of the top plate (12), a crushing box (14) is fixed to the top of the support frame (13), a feed hopper (15) is fixed to the top of the crushing box (14), the cross-sectional area of ​​the feed hopper (15) gradually increases from bottom to top, and a protective shell (16) is fixed to the back of the crushing box (14).

3. The environmentally friendly biomass boiler feeding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The crushing mechanism (2) includes a crushing roller (21), which is rotatably connected to the left and right sides inside the crushing box (14). The two crushing rollers (21) mesh with each other. A rotating shaft (22) is fixedly connected to the axis of the crushing roller (21). The rotating shaft (22) extends through the back panel of the crushing box (14) and into the outside of the crushing box (14). A transmission gear (23) is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft (22). The two transmission gears (23) mesh with each other. A buffer box (24) is provided at the bottom of the crushing roller (21). The buffer box (24) is fixedly connected to the inside of the support frame (13).

4. The environmentally friendly biomass boiler feeding device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drive mechanism (3) includes a bidirectional motor (34), which is fixed to the bottom of the inner wall of the motor housing (11). The bidirectional motor (34) has two output ends. One output end of the bidirectional motor (34) is fixed to a pulley two (33). A pulley one (31) is fixed to the axis of the transmission gear (23) on the left side. A belt (32) is movably connected to the surfaces of the pulley two (33) and the pulley one (31). The pulley one (31) and the pulley two (33) are connected by the belt (32). The pulley one (31), the belt (32) and the pulley two (33) are connected by the belt (32). The pulley one (31), the belt (32) and the pulley two (33) are located inside the protective shell (16).

5. The environmentally friendly biomass boiler feeding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The other output end of the bidirectional motor (34) is fixedly connected to a worm (35), the top of which is engaged with a turbine (36), and the drive shaft (37) is fixedly connected to the axis of the turbine (36).

6. The environmentally friendly biomass boiler feeding device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The conveying mechanism (4) includes a discharge hopper (41), which is fixed to the bottom of the buffer box (24). The discharge hopper (41) is funnel-shaped, and a conveying pipe (42) is fixed to the bottom of the discharge hopper (41). The end of the conveying pipe (42) away from the discharge hopper (41) is fixed to the inlet (55), and the conveying pipe (42) slopes downward from right to left.

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