Air energy heat pump system with air outlet direction of heat exchanger orthogonally arranged with air suction direction of fan and equipment platform of air energy heat pump system

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of green energy conservation, and discloses an air energy heat pump system with the air outlet direction of a heat exchanger orthogonal to the air suction direction of a fan and an equipment platform of the air energy heat pump system. The air energy heat pump system comprises a heat pump host, a hot water tank, a connecting pipeline and a controller, the hot water tank is connected with the heat pump host through the heat exchanger and the connecting pipeline; the direction of an air suction opening of the fan of the heat pump main machine is orthogonal or approximately orthogonal to the main air outlet direction of the external heat exchanger, so that an airflow volute chamber between an air outlet of the external heat exchanger and the air suction opening of the fan in the negative pressure cavity is constructed; according to the ultra-thin air energy heat pump water heater system, the outer heat exchanger is protected at a high level, the heat pump system achieves high energy efficiency and low noise, the defrosting problem of the outer heat exchanger is fundamentally solved, and structural coupling, wind path coupling and energy coupling of a heat pump main machine and a building facade are promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of green energy-saving technology, and in particular to an air source heat pump system and its equipment platform in which the heat exchanger outlet direction is orthogonal to the fan intake direction. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, architects have enhanced the decorative aspects of the facades of buildings and equipment platforms.

[0003] like Figure 1 As shown, when architects conceal the air conditioning unit on the exterior of the equipment platform using louvers for visual appeal, the exhaust air from the medium-speed exhaust air conditioning unit to the outside atmosphere is obstructed by the louvers. This results in increased exhaust static pressure, decreased exhaust velocity, and reduced air volume. A significant portion of the reduced exhaust air volume is also blocked by the louvers and returned to the equipment platform, where it is re-inhaled by the external heat exchanger, causing a short circuit in the exhaust airflow. The diffusion and dilution effect of the exhaust air entering the ambient atmosphere through the louvers is severely suppressed, leading to excessively high condensing pressure and insufficient condensate cooling in the external heat exchanger during summer cooling operation, and excessively low evaporating pressure and a significant reduction in refrigerant circulation during winter heating operation. Consequently, the air conditioner cannot fully perform its function as a heat transporter, and the performance of the air conditioning unit on the equipment platform is significantly reduced compared to laboratory data.

[0004] The deterioration of air conditioning performance has even led many users to tear off the louvers on the exterior facade of the equipment platform that were obstructing ventilation in order to clear the exhaust air from the external heat exchanger of the air conditioner, leaving the building facade riddled with holes.

[0005] Since the rise of the refrigeration and air conditioning industry in China, the goals of greening, high-end development, and intelligentization have continuously driven structural innovations in air conditioning units and air source water heater units, as well as innovations in their relationship with equipment platforms.

[0006] like Figure 2-3 As shown, existing technologies, such as a vertically arranged air conditioning unit and its equipment platform (application number 202310972409.9) and a sawtooth-shaped finned tube heat exchanger assembly and its air conditioning unit and equipment platform (application number 202311012468.8), creatively propose technical concepts of air conditioning unit coupling and energy coupling with the exterior facade decoration structure. They employ explicit external heat exchanger inlet and outlet duct technology with the air conditioning unit built-in, and a finned tube external heat exchanger fin planer to perform tiered planing and low-speed air distribution technology on the inlet airflow. This fundamentally restructures the internal structure of the air conditioning unit and the structural relationship between the air conditioning unit and the exterior facade of the equipment platform, exhibiting outstanding substantive features and significant progress.

[0007] The aforementioned prior art employs an aerodynamic layout with medium-speed air intake at the upper middle part of the short side of the air conditioning unit and high-speed air exhaust at the bottom, incorporating the main sections of the air intake and exhaust channels of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly inside the air conditioning unit. This prior art uses a horizontal V-shaped copper tube finned tube heat exchanger as the basic unit of the air conditioning unit's finned tube heat exchanger assembly. Within the limited space of the air conditioning unit, horizontal V-shaped copper tube finned tube heat exchangers are continuously arranged parallel to the air intake surface of the air conditioning unit. A large ventilation surface for the finned tube heat exchanger assembly is obtained by unfolding the finned tube heat exchanger along its air intake surface. A second unfolding on this large ventilation surface further results in a massive finned heat transfer surface.

[0008] In the aforementioned prior art air conditioning unit, the external airflow enters the air conditioning unit at a medium speed of about 4 m / s. Inside the air conditioning unit, it undergoes continuous stepped planing by multiple fin planers, which slows down and disperses the main airflow. It then passes through the finned tube heat exchanger assembly, which has a large total ventilation surface and a huge total heat exchange area, at low speed and with low resistance for heat exchange. After heat exchange, it flows into the negative pressure chamber of the heat exchanger assembly and converges towards the fan inlet under the negative pressure of the fan. After being accelerated and pressurized by the fan, it enters the vertical (or lateral) exhaust chamber and is finally discharged at a high speed of about 7 m / s from the bottom (or side) horizontal exhaust chamber, and diffuses and dilutes into the ambient atmosphere.

[0009] The aforementioned existing technologies effectively construct a high-efficiency heat exchange airflow structure for the finned tube heat exchanger assembly of the air conditioning unit, improve the volumetric energy density of the air conditioning unit, enhance the lateral energy line density of the equipment platform, and promote the structural coupling, airflow coupling, and energy coupling between the air conditioning unit and the exterior of the equipment platform.

[0010] Following 2023, continuous research and development continued on technologies related to airflow coupling and energy coupling between the air conditioning unit and the exterior decorative structure, the visible built-in technology of the external heat exchanger's inlet and outlet air ducts, and the technology of using a fin planer to perform tiered planing of the inlet airflow and low-speed air distribution in the zigzag-finned tube external heat exchanger assembly. The key innovations of the existing technology from 2024, namely, an air conditioning unit and its equipment platform with an exhaust airbag (application number 202410858895.6), are:

[0011] The air conditioning unit is equipped with an exhaust chamber and a fan. The exhaust port of the exhaust chamber is connected to an exhaust section, and the exhaust chamber and the exhaust section constitute an exhaust air bag. The exhaust section is a narrowing exhaust section with a gradually decreasing cross-sectional area, so that the cross-sectional area of ​​the collected airflow in the exhaust chamber is significantly larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the exhaust port of the exhaust chamber. The first exhaust port of the exhaust section is a wedge-shaped exhaust port. The wedge-shaped exhaust port is either a vertical strip exhaust port or a horizontal strip exhaust port. The first exhaust port of the exhaust section is set at an angle offset from the air conditioning unit where the exhaust air bag is set. The exhaust port of the exhaust chamber is equipped with a perforated plate for throttling the exhaust airflow. The perforated plate is a metal wire mesh.

[0012] The air conditioning unit technology using exhaust airbags in 2024 is an extension and innovation of the three major technologies introduced in 2023: "air conditioning unit and exterior decorative structure airflow coupling energy coupling technology, visible built-in air inlet and outlet duct technology, and finned tube fin planer tiered planing of airflow deceleration and air distribution". Its outstanding substantive features and significant technological progress are: providing space for exhaust airflow deceleration, pressure boosting, noise reduction, and reorganization; optimizing the structure of the air conditioning unit; and creating conditions for integrating the air conditioning unit's airflow structure into the equipment platform louvers.

[0013] However, in the practical application of the three technologies mentioned in the 2023 / 2024 patent applications, there are some important process-related issues in the design and manufacturing of refrigeration and air conditioning products, as well as technical issues related to the installation, operation, and maintenance of refrigeration and air conditioning products in equipment platform application scenarios. These mainly include:

[0014] ① The problem of increased size of the air conditioner main unit

[0015] The aforementioned existing technologies all change the air inlet and outlet routes of the external heat exchanger of the traditional air conditioning unit from being located outside the unit to being located inside the unit. This eliminates the air inlet ducts reserved on both sides and the rear of the traditional air conditioning unit on the equipment platform, effectively solving the structural coupling, airflow coupling, and energy coupling problems between the external heat exchanger and the exterior decorative structure of the equipment platform. Overall, the above patents have improved the operating efficiency of the external heat exchanger's airflow. From the perspective of the actual space occupied by the "air conditioning unit + air inlet and outlet ducts", the above patents have indeed reduced the floor space of the air conditioning unit. However, after the air inlet and outlet routes of the air conditioning unit are changed from the traditional external location to the internal location, the visual effect of the structure and size of the new air conditioning unit becomes "very large". The root causes are mainly twofold: First, the change from the "hidden" structure of the external heat exchanger's airflow path to the "visible" structure of the new machine body has resulted in an artificial increase in the main unit's structure and size. Second, in order to prevent the built-in external heat exchanger's airflow path from having high airflow velocity, increased resistance, and increased fan energy consumption, air conditioning system designers and structural designers have chosen to minimize or even maximize the cross-sectional area of ​​the built-in airflow path. This has further led to the consequence that the built-in external heat exchanger's inlet and outlet airflow paths occupy a "large" amount of internal space resources of the main unit!

[0016] In a 2023 application (application number 202310972409.9) for an air conditioning unit with a vertically arranged fan, the total volume of the air inlet duct before the external heat exchanger, the vertical exhaust duct after the external heat exchanger, and the horizontal exhaust duct of the air conditioning unit even exceeds the volume of the traditional air conditioning unit with externally placed inlet and outlet ducts.

[0017] In promoting the coupling of the external facade structure, airflow, and energy of the air conditioning unit and the equipment platform, while maintaining the technological advantages of the visible built-in external heat exchanger inlet and outlet ducts and the characteristics of the deceleration and air distribution technology of the zigzag-shaped external heat exchanger fin planer cutting the airflow in stages, it is crucial to significantly reduce the structure and volume of the air conditioning unit's built-in external heat exchanger inlet and outlet ducts. Furthermore, it is essential to develop and utilize the space around the air conditioning unit and reduce its actual floor space and equipment platform area. All of these will be long-term, significant, and complex tasks.

[0018] ② How to solve the defrosting problem of external heat exchangers during winter heating operation?

[0019] During the cold season, the air conditioning system can be reversed to a heat pump device, absorbing heat from the ambient atmosphere to heat the interior space of the building or produce domestic hot water. This has the characteristic of significant energy saving. Air source heat pump technology has become a basic commercial technology and operating model for air conditioning products, and it is of equal importance to the air conditioning application technology during the hot season.

[0020] Defrosting the external heat exchanger during air source heat pump operation is an inherent challenge. Furthermore, the more developed the region, particularly in southern China or along rivers and coastlines, the higher the relative humidity of the atmosphere during the cold season, exacerbating the frost buildup on the external heat exchanger. Currently, reversing the heat pump's operating mode back to cooling / air conditioning mode to melt the frost on the external heat exchanger is the only technical solution to restore its heat absorption capacity. However, the interruption of indoor heating during defrosting, and even the reverse absorption of heat from the indoor space, have led to widespread criticism of air source heat pumps, becoming a long-standing pain point in heat pump technology.

[0021] Traditional air source heat pumps expose the finned tube external heat exchanger to a low-temperature environment. During defrosting, not only is a large amount of heat required to melt the frost, but also a large amount of heat is needed to compensate for the heat leakage of the external heat exchanger to the low-temperature environment. In addition, the heat pump device is strictly limited to absorbing heat from the indoor space during the low-temperature season. As a result, the sharp contradiction between the huge heat demand of the heat pump external heat exchanger during defrosting and the tight heat supply has remained unresolved.

[0022] Solving the defrosting problem of external heat exchangers during winter heat pump heating operation is also a long-term, significant, and complex task. Summary of the Invention

[0023] To solve the aforementioned problems in the prior art, this utility model provides an air source heat pump system in which the heat exchanger outlet direction is orthogonal to the fan intake direction.

[0024] Another objective of this invention is to provide a device platform.

[0025] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0026] An air-source heat pump system with the heat exchanger outlet direction orthogonal to the fan intake direction includes a heat pump main unit, a hot water tank, a connecting pipeline including a pump valve and connecting pipes, and a controller; the hot water tank is connected to the heat pump main unit through the heat exchanger and the connecting pipeline; the controller is electrically connected to the heat pump main unit, the hot water tank, and the connecting pipeline respectively.

[0027] The heat pump unit includes a housing, a negative pressure chamber, an exhaust chamber, a compressor chamber, an external heat exchanger, a four-way valve, and a fan;

[0028] The negative pressure chamber and the exhaust chamber are arranged side by side; the compressor chamber is located outside the first back plate of the negative pressure chamber and / or the exhaust chamber;

[0029] The air intake direction of the fan of the heat pump host is orthogonal or nearly orthogonal to the main air outlet direction of the external heat exchanger, thus creating an airflow vortex chamber between the air outlet of the external heat exchanger and the air intake of the fan in the negative pressure chamber.

[0030] Furthermore, the exhaust port of the exhaust chamber is located on the third back plate of the exhaust chamber on the same side as the main air inlet of the air inlet chamber of the housing, and the fan in the exhaust chamber is located away from its exhaust port.

[0031] Preferably, the exhaust port of the exhaust chamber is a vertical strip-shaped exhaust port.

[0032] Furthermore, the exhaust port of the exhaust chamber is located on the second back plate of the exhaust chamber opposite to the air inlet of the exhaust chamber, and a small-area exhaust port is provided; preferably, the small-area exhaust port is located at the bottom of the second back plate, and the small-area exhaust port is a horizontal strip exhaust port; preferably, the small-area exhaust port is located in the upper middle part of the second back plate, and the small-area exhaust port is a rectangular or diamond-shaped exhaust port; preferably, the small-area exhaust port is located in the horizontal middle part of the second back plate, and the small-area exhaust port is a vertical strip exhaust port.

[0033] Preferably, the small area refers to the area of ​​the exhaust vent, which is 10% to 30% of the area of ​​the second back panel.

[0034] Furthermore, it also includes an indoor air conditioning unit, which is connected to the heat pump main unit via connecting pipes.

[0035] Furthermore, it also includes an indoor heating module, which includes a floor radiant module; the indoor heating module is connected to the heat pump host through connecting pipes to form an air conditioning water heater integrated unit that provides cooling, heating and / or hot water.

[0036] Furthermore, the connecting pipeline also includes a buffer tank, a circulating pump, and valves;

[0037] The heat pump unit transfers heat by connecting a buffer tank to a circulating pump. The buffer tank is connected to the floor radiant module and / or the indoor unit of the air conditioner via connecting pipes and the circulating pump.

[0038] Furthermore, the hot water tank is connected to the pipeline between the heat pump host and the buffer tank via connecting pipes and valves.

[0039] Furthermore, the heat exchanger is disposed inside the hot water tank and / or on the pipeline connecting the heat pump host and the buffer tank; the heat exchanger includes a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, or a plate heat exchanger.

[0040] Furthermore, the heat pump host includes at least two refrigerant circulation systems disposed within the housing, each refrigerant circulation system including an external heat exchanger and a compressor; the at least two refrigerant circulation systems share an external heat exchanger air duct and a negative pressure chamber.

[0041] Furthermore, the fan is a centrifugal fan; preferably, a backward centrifugal fan is used; the area of ​​the exhaust surface on the outer periphery of the fan impeller is 2 to 8 times the area of ​​the fan's intake port.

[0042] Furthermore, the external heat exchanger is disposed in the air inlet cavity of the shell; the external heat exchanger is composed of a metal tube and a finned plate sleeved on the metal tube; a number of parallel finned plates spaced at a certain distance from each other form a fin group.

[0043] The metal pipe is a metal pipeline that carries refrigerant transport and heat exchange, and is selected from any one of copper pipe, aluminum pipe, iron pipe, titanium pipe, stainless steel pipe, and alloy pipe;

[0044] The external heat exchanger includes a metal tube type I finned tube heat exchanger, a metal tube type L finned tube heat exchanger, and a metal tube type M finned tube heat exchanger, a metal tube type N finned tube heat exchanger, and a metal tube type V finned tube heat exchanger, which are composed of metal tube type I finned tube heat exchangers.

[0045] Furthermore, the metal tube V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger is an asymmetrical metal tube V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger with unequal lengths on both sides, consisting of two metal tube I-shaped finned tube heat exchangers of different lengths.

[0046] Among them, the longer metal tube type I finned tube heat exchanger is located near the outer side plate of the shell; the shorter metal tube type I finned tube heat exchanger is located near the side plate of the exhaust cavity.

[0047] Furthermore, the external heat exchanger has metal tubes inserted in a direction perpendicular to the finned plate; at least two sets of metal tube groups inserted in the finned plate are arranged in parallel side by side along the short side of the finned plate; the metal tubes in the metal tube groups are arranged along the long side of the finned plate.

[0048] Furthermore, parallel metal tube assemblies are arranged side by side to connect to compressors of different refrigerant circulation systems; the finned plates between each metal tube assembly are continuous and complete, forming fin thermal bridges in the horizontal and vertical directions of the finned plates;

[0049] The finned plate includes three sets of metal pipe assemblies for the air conditioning system, with the metal pipe assembly for the hot water tank located between adjacent metal pipe assemblies for the indoor air conditioning unit.

[0050] Furthermore, the air inlet cavity of the shell is also provided with an air supply strip; the air supply strip is located on the outer side plate of the shell near the long metal tube I-type finned tube heat exchanger.

[0051] Furthermore, the air intake and air guide panel of the fan are wedged into the negative pressure chamber, and part of the space of the compressor chamber is wedged into the negative pressure chamber.

[0052] Furthermore, one side of the external heat exchanger is close to the main air inlet, and the metal tube type I finned tube heat exchanger is disposed in the air inlet cavity of the shell and forms a certain angle α with the main air inlet surface of the air inlet cavity of the shell; preferably, the angle α is 15°-70°.

[0053] Furthermore, the air inlet cavity of the housing is also provided with a second air inlet; a throttling panel is provided at the second air inlet;

[0054] The throttling panel has regions with different throttling resistances.

[0055] Furthermore, in area A, which is closest to the fan intake and has the smallest airflow turning angle, the permeability of the corresponding throttling panel is 20%-40%, and the throttling resistance is the greatest. As the distance between the heat exchange area on the finned tube heat exchanger and the fan intake gradually increases, and the airflow turning angle increases, the permeability of the throttling panel in the corresponding section increases accordingly. The permeability of the throttling panels in areas B, C, and D increases to 40%-60%, 60%-70%, and 70%-80%, respectively.

[0056] Preferably, the fan includes an impeller support, an impeller, and an impeller rear cover. The impeller support is connected to the impeller through the impeller rear cover and installed at the air inlet of the exhaust chamber. The axial air inlet surface of the fan overlaps with the air inlet of the exhaust chamber, and the radial air exhaust surface of the fan is disposed in the exhaust chamber. The area of ​​the radial air exhaust surface of the fan is larger than the area of ​​the axial air inlet surface.

[0057] Preferably, the compressor cavity is equipped with a refrigerant circuit assembly including a compressor, a gas-liquid separator, a four-way valve, an expansion valve, and an electrical box.

[0058] Preferably, the negative pressure chamber is a cavity with a unidirectional or multidirectional air inlet, and is composed of a side plate, a top plate, and a bottom plate, including the shell.

[0059] The second air inlet is a filler air strip slot.

[0060] An equipment platform, wherein the equipment platform is equipped with the aforementioned air source heat pump system.

[0061] Furthermore, the exterior facade of the equipment platform is provided with a vertical strip exhaust vent on at least one side, and the exterior facade is also provided with a main decorative structure; the vertical strip exhaust vent of the heat pump host faces the vertical strip exhaust vent pointing to the side of the exterior facade.

[0062] Furthermore, the vertical strip-shaped exhaust vents on the exterior facade of the equipment platform include metal mesh and / or metal column groups; the main decorative structure of the exterior facade of the equipment platform includes metal column groups, louvers and / or ventilation structures with garden gates, classical entrance doors, and landscape painting designs, as well as ventilation structures with narrow strip-shaped decorative panels staggered front and back to leave longitudinal gaps between the panels.

[0063] Furthermore, a small rectangular, rhomboid, or vertical strip exhaust vent is provided in the middle or lower part of the outer facade of the equipment platform, and a main decorative structure is also provided in the outer facade; the small rectangular, rhomboid, or vertical strip exhaust vent on the second back plate of the exhaust cavity faces the small rectangular, rhomboid, or vertical strip exhaust vent in the middle or lower part of the outer facade.

[0064] Furthermore, the small-area exhaust vents on the facade include metal mesh, metal column groups, and / or openwork patterns; the main decorative structure includes metal column groups, louvers, and / or ventilation structures with garden gates, classical entrance doors, and landscape painting designs, as well as ventilation structures with narrow strip decorative panels staggered front and back to leave longitudinal gaps between the panels.

[0065] Furthermore, a horizontal strip-shaped exhaust vent is provided at the bottom of the outer facade of the equipment platform, and a main decorative structure is also provided on the outer facade; the exhaust vent of the exhaust chamber faces the horizontal strip-shaped exhaust vent at the bottom of the outer facade.

[0066] Furthermore, the horizontal strip-shaped exhaust vents on the facade include metal mesh and / or metal column groups; the main decorative structure includes metal column groups, louvers and / or ventilation structures with garden gates, classical entrance doors, and landscape painting designs, as well as ventilation structures with narrow strip-shaped decorative panels staggered front and back to leave longitudinal gaps between the panels.

[0067] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model's technical solution are:

[0068] ① Construct an ultra-thin air source heat pump water heater system

[0069] This invention retains the advantages of built-in external heat exchanger duct technology and the characteristics of deceleration and air distribution technology of fin planer step planing of airflow. It constructs an airflow vortex between the external heat exchanger outlet and the fan inlet by orthogonally setting the air intake direction of the heat pump host fan to the air outlet direction of the external heat exchanger. This airflow vortex is then transformed into a structural and functional conversion zone on the external heat exchanger airflow path, becoming a spatial cavity for buffering, adjusting, homogenizing, and reorganizing the external heat exchanger outlet airflow.

[0070] This invention eliminates the vertical exhaust cavity of the heat pump host in the prior art by setting up an airflow vortex chamber and adjusting the spatial relationship between the air inlet cavity, negative pressure cavity and exhaust cavity. This reduces the longitudinal depth of the heat pump host and further reduces the thickness of the host, making it an ultra-thin heat pump host. It can be installed on the wall of the equipment platform or suspended on the wall. It also eliminates the need to reserve an external air duct, which greatly reduces the actual footprint of the external air inlet and outlet ducts of traditional air conditioning hosts and the energy loss of heat pumps.

[0071] The present invention relates to a heat pump unit and a water tank, which together form an ultra-thin air source heat pump water heater system.

[0072] ② High-level protection for external heat exchangers

[0073] Traditional heat pump units, due to their multi-faceted and large-area air intake, make it difficult to install effective finned tube safety protection devices. Finned tube heat exchangers often suffer from fin collapse and regional heat exchange function degradation due to external force scraping.

[0074] The heat pump unit of this utility model has the finned tube external heat exchanger set inside the shell. The shell provides a high level of protection for the finned tube heat exchanger, eliminating fin collapse and regional heat exchange function attenuation.

[0075] This utility model aims to overcome the problem that traditional heat pump hosts are difficult to install air intake filtration devices due to multi-faceted air intake and large-area low-speed air intake. The air intake of the external heat exchanger is highly centralized and unified, so filters can be centrally installed at the air intake to intercept mosquitoes and suspended matter, and the filters are easy to clean.

[0076] ③ The heat pump system achieves high energy efficiency and low noise.

[0077] This invention adjusts the local resistance of airflow in various areas of the heat exchanger's outlet section by adjusting the inlet cross-sectional size, finned tube angle, and airflow inlet and outlet fin gap angle, thereby balancing the total resistance and achieving uniform ventilation and heat exchange in the finned tube heat exchanger.

[0078] In this invention, the heat pump unit uses a backward centrifugal fan to efficiently connect the air path of the external heat exchanger in the equipment platform scenario. This solves the problems of traditional side-discharge heat pump units where the exhaust air is obstructed by the external decorative structure of the equipment platform, the exhaust static pressure increases, the air volume decreases, and some of the reduced air volume is short-circuited due to airflow recirculation, which leads to serious deterioration of heat pump performance. This enables the actual field performance of the heat pump system to reach the level of laboratory data, and the function of the heat pump system as a "heat transporter" is fully realized.

[0079] This invention uses a low static pressure backward centrifugal fan, and the fan is installed deep in the main unit structure, resulting in low external noise and minimal environmental impact.

[0080] ④ This fundamentally solves the defrosting problem of external heat exchangers.

[0081] This utility model addresses the critical problem that "heat pump finned tube external heat exchangers are exposed to low-temperature environments. During defrosting, not only is a large amount of heat required to melt the frost between the fins, but also a large amount of heat is required to compensate for the heat leakage of the external heat exchanger to the low-temperature environment. In addition, the heat pump device is strictly limited to absorb heat from the indoor space during the low-temperature season, resulting in an unresolved sharp contradiction between the huge heat demand of the external heat exchanger during defrosting and the tight heat supply." The invention places the external heat exchanger in a shell with only a small air inlet to reduce the heat leakage of the high-temperature external heat exchanger to the low-temperature environment during defrosting. Furthermore, a four-way valve is installed to maintain the base water temperature in the hot water tank during the operation of the heat pump system to store a certain amount of low-temperature heat to cope with the need for the four-way valve to reverse and the external heat exchanger to defrost.

[0082] When the finned tube external heat exchanger needs heat to defrost, the heat pump unit extracts a large amount of heat from the hot water tank, pressurizes it through the refrigerant circuit, and delivers it to the external heat exchanger, transforming it into a high-temperature condenser. This quickly melts the frost in the fin gaps, clears the airflow through the fin gaps, and restores the heat absorption capacity of the external heat exchanger. This fundamentally solves the inherent problem of defrosting external heat exchangers in low-temperature seasons in a cost-effective, fast, and efficient manner.

[0083] ⑤ Promote structural coupling, airflow coupling, and energy coupling between the heat pump unit and the building facade.

[0084] This utility model features a compact heat pump unit with the external heat exchanger's air outlet direction orthogonal to the fan's air inlet direction. It is vertically extended and horizontally compressed, allowing it to be installed on a wall-mounted platform. It occupies very little of the building's open space and minimizes its impact on the exterior decoration of the platform. It is suitable for embedded equipment platforms in residential buildings.

[0085] Because the heat pump unit's air inlet and exhaust outlet are set on the same plane, this utility model is suitable for residential buildings; it is especially suitable for installation on the side wall of balconies in school dormitories, company employee dormitories, and LOFT apartments. During operation, the air inlet of the unit directly draws in fresh air from the exterior facade, and the exhaust airflow after heat exchange is emitted and diffused into the ambient atmosphere along the balcony side wall. The main air inlet and exhaust airflow do not pass through the main space of the balcony (equipment platform), do not affect the function of the balcony, and are conducive to the structural coupling, airflow coupling, and energy coupling between the unit and the exterior facade of apartment buildings. Attached Figure Description

[0086] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0087] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the obstruction of exhaust air and short-circuit backflow in a traditional air conditioning unit on the equipment platform.

[0088] Figure 2 An air conditioning unit with a vertically arranged fan;

[0089] Figure 3 An air conditioning unit equipped with an exhaust fan bag;

[0090] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an air source heat pump water heating system using a single-plate flat finned tube as the external heat exchanger in Example 1.

[0091] Figure 5 The impeller of the backward-curved external rotor centrifugal fan in Example 1;

[0092] Figure 6 Example 1: Rearward External Rotor Centrifugal Fan Module;

[0093] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional perspective view of the heat pump water heater main unit in Example 1, where the direction of the fan air intake is orthogonal to the direction of the heat exchanger air outlet.

[0094] Figure 8 This is a vertical sectional view of the heat pump water heater main unit in Example 1, where the direction of the fan air intake is orthogonal to the direction of the heat exchanger air outlet.

[0095] Figure 9 This is a vertical sectional view of the airflow operation of the heat pump water heater main unit, in Example 1, where the fan intake and heat exchanger outlet are orthogonally arranged.

[0096] Figure 10A top view of the airflow operation of the heat pump water heater unit in Example 1, where the fan intake and heat exchanger outlet are orthogonally arranged.

[0097] Figure 11 This is a partially enlarged view of the airflow characteristics of the finned tube heat exchanger in Example 1.

[0098] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a "tri-generation" system that integrates cooling, heating, and hot water supply functions, as shown in Example 2.

[0099] Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional sectional view of the triple-unit heat pump main unit with the fan intake direction orthogonal to the heat exchanger outlet direction in the unbalanced design of Example 2.

[0100] Figure 14 A three-dimensional sectional view (front) of the triple-unit heat pump main unit with the fan intake direction orthogonal to the heat exchanger outlet direction in the unbalanced design of Example 2.

[0101] Figure 15 This is a top view of the triple-heat pump main unit with the fan air intake direction orthogonal to the heat exchanger air outlet direction in the unbalanced design of Example 2.

[0102] Figure 16 A vertical cross-sectional view of the airflow during operation of the triple-heat pump host, which is configured with the fan intake direction orthogonal to the heat exchanger outlet direction in the unbalanced design of Example 2.

[0103] Figure 17 A top view of the airflow during operation of a triple heat pump system with the fan intake direction orthogonal to the heat exchanger outlet direction in the unbalanced design of Example 2.

[0104] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the direct expansion "tri-generation" system that integrates cooling, heating, and hot water supply functions in Example 3;

[0105] Figure 19 This is a partial schematic diagram of the three-row finned tube heat exchanger of the dual refrigeration system in Example 4;

[0106] Figure 20 This is a three-dimensional view of the three-row finned tube heat exchanger of the dual refrigeration system in Example 4;

[0107] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the perfluorinated circuit of the dual-cooling system of the heat pump water heater in Example 4;

[0108] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the evaporator defrosting operation of the dual cooling system of heat pump air conditioner and heat pump water heater in Example 4.

[0109] Figure 23 This is a top view of the heat pump main unit structure in Embodiment 5, where the heat exchanger outlet direction is orthogonal to the fan intake direction.

[0110] Figure 24 This is a vertical sectional view of the heat pump host structure in Embodiment 5, where the heat exchanger outlet direction is orthogonal to the fan intake direction.

[0111] Figure 25 This is a top view of the airflow operation of the heat pump host, in Example 5, where the heat exchanger outlet direction is orthogonal to the fan intake direction.

[0112] Figure 26 This is a vertical sectional view of the airflow operation of the heat pump host, in Example 5, where the heat exchanger outlet direction is orthogonal to the fan intake direction.

[0113] Figure 27 This is a schematic diagram of the equipment platform for Example 6, which uses a three-chamber household-coupled central heat pump unit.

[0114] Figure 28 This is a top view of the airflow during operation of the equipment platform of the three-chamber household coupled central heat pump host in Example 6. Detailed Implementation

[0115] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0116] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this application shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this application do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0117] Example 1

[0118] like Figure 4-11As shown, an air source heat pump system with the heat exchanger outlet direction orthogonal to the fan intake direction includes a heat pump main unit 1, a hot water tank 2, a connecting pipe 3 including a pump valve and a connecting pipe 31, and a controller 18; the hot water tank 2 is connected to the heat pump main unit 1 through the heat exchanger 4 and the connecting pipe 3; the controller is electrically connected to the heat pump main unit 1, the hot water tank 2 and the connecting pipe 3 respectively;

[0119] The heat pump unit 1 includes a housing 11, a negative pressure chamber 12, an exhaust chamber 13, a compressor chamber 14, an external heat exchanger 15, a four-way valve 16, and a fan 17;

[0120] The negative pressure chamber 12 and the exhaust chamber 13 are arranged side by side; the exhaust port 131 of the exhaust chamber 13 is arranged side by side on the same side as the main air inlet 121 of the negative pressure chamber 12 of the housing 1, that is, the exhaust port 131 of the exhaust chamber 13 is located on the third back plate 133 of the exhaust chamber on the same side as the main air inlet of the air inlet chamber of the housing 11.

[0121] The air intake direction of the fan 17 is orthogonal or nearly orthogonal to the main air outlet direction of the external heat exchanger 15, thus creating an airflow vortex between the air outlet of the external heat exchanger 15 and the air intake of the fan 17 in the negative pressure chamber 12.

[0122] In the exhaust chamber 13, the fan 17 is located at the end away from its exhaust port 131; the air outlet of the fan 17 is directly opposite the exhaust port 131 of the exhaust chamber, and the exhaust chamber between the fan 17 and the exhaust port 131 forms an exhaust channel; the exhaust port 131 of the exhaust chamber is a vertical strip exhaust port.

[0123] The compressor chamber 14 is located outside the first back plate 122 of the negative pressure chamber 12 and outside the first back plate 142 of the exhaust chamber 13.

[0124] The fan 17 is a centrifugal fan; preferably, a backward centrifugal fan is used; the area of ​​the exhaust surface on the outer periphery of the fan impeller is 2 to 8 times the area of ​​the air inlet of the fan 17.

[0125] An external heat exchanger 15 is disposed in the air inlet cavity of the housing 11; one side of the external heat exchanger 15 is close to the main air inlet 121;

[0126] The external heat exchanger 15 consists of a metal tube 151 and a finned plate 152 sleeved on the metal tube 151; a number of parallel finned plates 152 spaced at a certain distance together form a fin group.

[0127] Metal pipe 151 is a metal pipe that carries refrigerant and heat exchange, and is selected from any one of copper pipe, aluminum pipe, iron pipe, titanium pipe, and stainless steel pipe;

[0128] External heat exchanger 15 is a metal tube type I finned tube heat exchanger.

[0129] The metal tube type I finned tube heat exchanger is installed in the air inlet cavity of the shell 11 and forms a certain angle α with the main air inlet surface of the air inlet cavity of the shell 11; preferably, the angle α is 15°-70°.

[0130] The fan 17 includes an impeller support 171, an impeller 172, and an impeller rear cover 173. The impeller support 171 is connected to the impeller 172 through the impeller rear cover 173 and is installed at the air inlet of the exhaust chamber 13. The axial air inlet surface of the fan overlaps with the air inlet of the exhaust chamber 13. The radial air exhaust surface of the fan 17 is located in the exhaust chamber, and the area of ​​the radial air exhaust surface of the fan is larger than the area of ​​the axial air inlet surface.

[0131] The compressor chamber 14 is equipped with a refrigerant circuit assembly including a compressor 141, a gas-liquid separator, a four-way valve 16, an expansion valve 20, and an electrical box.

[0132] The negative pressure chamber 12 is a cavity with a unidirectional or multidirectional air inlet, and is composed of a side plate 111, a top plate, and a bottom plate, including the shell 11.

[0133] This embodiment is an air source heat pump water heating system, which has undergone a revolutionary reconstruction of the structure of the heat pump host and the relationship between the heat pump host and the equipment platform.

[0134] The air source heat pump water heating system in this embodiment consists of a heat pump main unit 1, a hot water tank 2, connecting pipes 3, and a controller.

[0135] This embodiment inherits the innovative concept of airflow coupling and energy coupling between the air conditioning unit and the exterior decorative structure of the equipment platform. While maintaining the advantages of the visible built-in air duct of the external heat exchanger and the characteristics of the deceleration and air distribution technology of the finned tube external heat exchanger assembly fin planer step planing of the airflow, it focuses on reducing the structure and volume of the air inlet and outlet duct of the external heat exchanger 15 built into the heat pump unit 1. By setting the air outlet direction of the external heat exchanger 15 orthogonally (or nearly orthogonally) to the air inlet direction of the fan 17, an airflow vortex chamber is constructed between the air outlet of the external heat exchanger 15 and the air inlet of the fan 17 to adjust the main structure of the heat pump unit.

[0136] In this embodiment, a backward centrifugal fan is used as the airflow power for the external heat exchanger 15.

[0137] Among all types of fans, the backward centrifugal fan has the highest energy efficiency; however, structurally, its impeller outer diameter φ1 is about 1.5 times its air intake diameter φ2, and during installation, an air outlet space of φ1×0.3 needs to be reserved on the outer circumference of the impeller. Therefore, the actual space occupied by the outer circumference of the impeller is about twice the diameter of its air intake, which becomes a key factor restricting the structure of the heat pump host.

[0138] In this embodiment, the air source heat pump host is orthogonal (or nearly orthogonal) to the air outlet of the external heat exchanger. Due to the structural and operational characteristics of the backward centrifugal fan, the cross-sectional area of ​​the air outlet of the external heat exchanger and the air inlet area of ​​the air inlet of the fan are significantly larger than the area of ​​the air inlet of the backward centrifugal fan body. As a result, the space between the air outlet of the external heat exchanger and the air inlet of the backward centrifugal fan becomes a buffer airflow vortex in the air path of the external heat exchanger, a structural conversion zone and a functional conversion zone in the air path, and a buffer chamber for deceleration, pressurization, adjustment, and reorganization of the airflow at the outlet of the external heat exchanger.

[0139] In this embodiment, the air inlet chamber and negative pressure chamber 12 of the external heat exchanger 15 are connected in series, and then connected in series with the exhaust chamber 13 via the fan 17. Structurally, they are arranged horizontally side by side to form a “…” "T" shaped airflow; the air inlet and outlet of the external heat exchanger 15 are set on the same side and left and right respectively; in the exhaust cavity, the circumferential surface of the backward centrifugal fan impeller is directly opposite the exhaust outlet 131 of the exhaust cavity 13;

[0140] This embodiment eliminates the vertical exhaust cavity of the air conditioning unit in the prior art by setting up an airflow vortex chamber and adjusting the spatial relationship between the air inlet cavity, negative pressure cavity 12 and exhaust cavity 13, thereby reducing heat.

[0141] The longitudinal depth of the pump unit and further reduction of the unit thickness make ultra-thin wall-mounted heat pump units possible.

[0142] In this embodiment, when the heat pump unit is running, in the air path of the external heat exchanger, the ambient air is drawn by the negative pressure of the fan through the narrow air duct of the finned tube external heat exchanger and the negative pressure chamber 12, and obtains a speed and dynamic pressure head of about 4 m / s. The main airflow reaching the air outlet of the external heat exchanger is inertially rushed towards the opposite airflow vortex chamber wall plate, and is blocked, decelerated and reflected by the opposite wall plate, directly driving the fan intake port. In particular, the inertial airflow between adjacent fan intake ports in the vertical direction, between the high-level fan intake port and the top plate of the airflow vortex chamber (close to the main unit cover plate), and between the low-level fan intake port and the bottom plate of the airflow vortex chamber (close to the main unit chassis) is blocked, decelerated and reflected by the opposite wall plate, and then flows to the fan intake port area adjacent to the opposite wall plate. This realizes the deceleration, pressurization, reorganization and redistribution of the heat exchange airflow in the airflow vortex chamber, and improves the uniformity and stability of the airflow inflow into the fan intake port.

[0143] In this embodiment, the effect of the backward centrifugal fan's air intake on the heat exchange airflow can be decomposed into two actions: two continuous actions without an interface, that is, two continuous composite actions.

[0144] ① The centrifugal fan's air inlet generates a gradient negative pressure from the inside out in the negative pressure chamber and air inlet of the external heat exchanger, drawing ambient air into the heat exchanger to complete heat exchange. Afterwards, the airflow from the external heat exchanger inertially rushes into the airflow vortex chamber, where it is blocked, slowed down, and reflected by the opposing wall plate, thus completing buffering, adjustment, and redistribution.

[0145] ② The airflow from the external heat exchanger, which has been buffered, adjusted, and redistributed in the airflow vortex chamber, is strongly pulled by the deep negative pressure at the centrifugal fan inlet. After being accelerated again, it rushes into the fan inlet at high speed from the 360° outer periphery of the inlet. After being centrifugally pressurized by the centrifugal fan impeller, it is forced into the exhaust chamber 13. Finally, it is injected into the ambient atmosphere at a high speed of about 7m / s through the vertical strip exhaust port of the exhaust chamber 13 for diffusion and dilution.

[0146] In this embodiment, when the external heat exchanger is running, air enters from one side of the metal tube type I finned tube heat exchanger and exits from the opposite side. The airflow lines entering the fin gaps intersect the plane where the fins are located at obtuse angles. The fins "obliquely cut" the airflow lines with a speed of about 4 m / s. Furthermore, a large number of fin planers on the finned tubes progressively plan the airflow lines. Each planed "shaving" airflow is then stuffed into a corresponding fin gap to implement "low-speed air distribution" of about 1.5 m / s in the fin gaps. When the airflow lines leave the fin gaps after heat exchange, they are once again "obliquely cut" by the long side of the fins, and after turning, they enter the centrifugal fan intake.

[0147] In this embodiment, the total airflow resistance of the external heat exchanger includes friction resistance and local resistance. Local resistance includes the resistance caused by the narrowing of the air inlet cross-section, the resistance caused by the narrowing of the filter mesh, the resistance caused by the bend in the airflow direction between the inlet and outlet fins, the resistance caused by the deceleration and acceleration of the airflow between the inlet and outlet fins, and the resistance caused by the bend in the airflow vortex. In this embodiment, local resistance is the main component of the total airflow resistance.

[0148] When the fan operates with air coming from only one side of the inlet, i.e., when the airflow direction is orthogonal or nearly orthogonal to the fan inlet direction, the airflow resistance on the side of the fan furthest from the inlet (the side closer to the compressor cavity in the diagram) is usually higher than the resistance on the side adjacent to the inlet (the side closer to the heat exchanger outlet). In other words, the air pressure on the side of the fan furthest from the inlet is lower than the pressure on the side adjacent to the inlet. This will cause the fan to be subjected to a clockwise torque and operate in an unbalanced state, resulting in noise, vibration, and asymmetrical wear of the bearings.

[0149] This embodiment addresses the aforementioned problems by innovatively setting the location and size of the air inlet on the shell, the angle of the airflow gap between the fins, and the spatial relationship between the shell air inlet, the finned tube heat exchanger, and the fan intake. These measures adjust the local resistance of the airflow in various areas of the finned tube heat exchanger's outlet cross-section, generating an outlet airflow of approximately 4 m / s. This airflow inertially impacts the target wall plate, causing it to decelerate, increase pressure, and reorganize within the airflow vortex chamber. This raises the pressure on the fan side away from the air inlet to near the pressure on the side adjacent to the air inlet, homogenizing the airflow pressure around the fan intake. This balances the total resistance of the airflow across all areas of the airflow cross-section, achieving uniform ventilation and heat exchange in the finned tube heat exchanger while eliminating the aforementioned torque effect on the operating fan, thus achieving balanced operation and eliminating noise, vibration, and asymmetric bearing wear.

[0150] At the airflow inlet section EE, the medium-speed airflow of about 4 m / s, flowing in from the outer facade of the equipment platform, is propelled in a uniform laminar flow to the fin gap inlet section FF. At FF, the airflow line at the inlet forms an obtuse angle with the fin behind the gap. The fin behind the gap acts as a "planer," "planing" a piece of airflow from the main airflow at the inlet and inserting it into the fin gap. At FF, the main airflow "planed" out by the tip of the "fin planer" is intercepted and struck at an obtuse angle by the tip of the "planer" on the fin behind the gap. It is then planed off and reflected by the fin in front of the gap before spreading and decelerating in the fin gap. The airflow of about 1.5 m / s, which has been planed out by the "fin planer" and decelerated by collision and diffusion, is pulled by the negative pressure of the negative pressure chamber and overcomes the resistance of the fin gap channel to flow out of the fin channel. The low-speed airflow that reaches the fin gap outlet section GG is accelerated again to a medium-speed airflow of about 4 m / s under the negative pressure of the negative pressure chamber, converges at the HH section, and is then discharged into the negative pressure chamber. The microscopic process of the heat exchange airflow in this metal tube V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger undergoing stepwise planing by the fin planer blades to distribute the air at low speed is an important part of the air inlet and outlet field and air inlet and outlet path of the external heat exchanger assembly.

[0151] In this embodiment, the heat pump main unit is orthogonally positioned with the fan intake and the external heat exchanger outlet, and the centrifugal fan drives the intake airflow per unit volume (1m³). 3 / s, equivalent to the operating airflow of a 4HP main unit's external heat exchanger) increased by 1 / 2 × m × (v2) 2 -v1 2= 8.3w kinetic energy consumption. The total energy consumption of the airflow per unit volume is approximately 2 × 8.3w = 16.6w (ventilation efficiency 0.5), accounting for about 0.4% of the total power of the heat pump unit. The local resistance of the airflow passing through the finned tube heat exchanger, with one deceleration and two bends, increases the resistance of the fin gap and has a "throttling" effect, improving the uniformity of ventilation in the finned tube heat exchanger and increasing the heat transfer coefficient and heat transfer efficiency. This local resistance consumes the kinetic energy of the airflow.

[0152] In this embodiment, the energy consumption of the heat pump unit's intake airflow at approximately 4 m / s is equivalent to the energy consumption of the exhaust airflow in a traditional side-discharge heat pump unit. Therefore, compared to a traditional side-discharge heat pump unit, the heat pump unit in this embodiment has a net increase in high-speed exhaust airflow energy consumption of 7 m / s, which is equivalent to the energy consumption of the exhaust airflow per unit volume (1 m³ / s). 3 / s, equivalent to the operating airflow of a 4HP main unit) increased by 1 / 2×m×(v2) 2 -v1 2 The energy consumption is 29.4W. The total energy consumption of the exhaust air per unit volume is about 2 × 29.4W, which accounts for about 2% of the total power of the heat pump host (ventilation efficiency 0.5). In this embodiment, the fan intake and the heat exchanger outlet are orthogonally set. The COP of the ultra-thin heat pump host is increased by more than 10%. Therefore, the energy efficiency brought about by the 2% increase in the total energy consumption of the host caused by the high-speed exhaust air of 7m / s reaches 10% / 2%=5. This is the part with the highest energy efficiency ratio in the total energy consumption of the heat pump host.

[0153] Example 2

[0154] This embodiment shares the same technical principles and approach as Embodiment 1, both adhering to the concept of airflow coupling and energy coupling between the heat pump host and the external facade decoration mechanism of the equipment platform. It insists on the technology of making the heat pump host's external heat exchanger inlet and outlet ducts internally visible, and the technology of using a step-by-step planer to cut the airflow in the external heat exchanger assembly fins to slow down and distribute the air. This aims to reduce the structure and volume of the internal heat exchanger inlet and outlet ducts. By orthogonally aligning the heat exchanger's outlet direction with the heat pump host's fan intake direction, an airflow vortex is constructed between the heat exchanger outlet and the fan intake, transforming this vortex into a buffer, adjustment, and homogenization chamber for the external heat exchanger's outlet airflow. By setting the airflow vortex and adjusting the spatial relationship between the inlet chamber, negative pressure chamber, and exhaust chamber, the vertical exhaust chamber of the heat pump host in the prior art is eliminated, reducing the longitudinal depth of the heat pump host and further reducing its thickness, resulting in an ultra-thin wall-mounted heat pump host.

[0155] like Figure 12-17 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that it fully implements an asymmetric design:

[0156] The air source heat pump system of this embodiment, in which the heat exchanger outlet direction is orthogonal to the fan intake direction, also includes an air conditioning indoor unit 5, which is connected to the heat pump host 1 via a connecting pipe 3.

[0157] It also includes an indoor heating module 6, which includes a floor radiant module; the indoor heating module 6 is connected to the heat pump host 1 through the connecting pipe 3, forming an air conditioning water heater integrated unit that provides cooling, heating and / or hot water.

[0158] The connecting pipeline 3 also includes a buffer tank 32, a circulating pump 33, and a valve 34;

[0159] The heat pump unit 1 is connected to the heat exchanger 4. The heat exchanger 4 is connected to the buffer tank 32 through the circulation pump 33 to achieve heat transfer. The buffer tank 32 is connected to the indoor heating module 6 and the air conditioner indoor unit 5 through the connecting pipe 31 and the circulation pump 33 respectively.

[0160] The hot water tank 2 is connected to the heat pump host 1 and the buffer tank 32 via the connecting pipe 31 and the valve 34.

[0161] The hot water tank 2 is also equipped with a heat exchanger 4, which is connected to the buffer tank 32 and drives the refrigerant flow through the circulation pump 33.

[0162] Heat exchanger 4 includes a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, or a plate heat exchanger.

[0163] External heat exchanger 15 is a metal tube V-finned tube heat exchanger.

[0164] The metal tube V-finned tube heat exchanger is an asymmetrical metal tube V-finned tube heat exchanger with unequal lengths on both sides, consisting of two metal tube I-finned tube heat exchangers of different lengths.

[0165] Among them, the long metal tube type I finned tube heat exchanger is located on the side plate 111 near the outer side of the shell; the short metal tube type I finned tube heat exchanger 151 is located on the side plate 113 near the exhaust cavity 13.

[0166] The air inlet cavity of the housing 11 is also provided with a second air inlet; a throttling panel is provided at the second air inlet; the second air inlet is a make-up air strip 112.

[0167] The air inlet cavity of the shell 11 is provided with a makeup air strip 112; the makeup air strip 112 is provided on the side plate 111 on the shell 11 near the outside of the long metal tube I-type finned tube heat exchanger.

[0168] The air intake and air guide panel of the fan 17 are wedged into the negative pressure chamber 12, and part of the space of the compressor chamber 14 is wedged into the negative pressure chamber 12.

[0169] The throttling panel has areas with different throttling resistances. Area A, which is closest to the fan intake and has the smallest airflow turning angle, has a permeability of 20%-40% and the highest throttling resistance. As the distance between the heat exchange area on the finned tube heat exchanger and the fan intake gradually increases, and the airflow turning angle increases, the permeability of the throttling panel in the corresponding section increases accordingly. The permeability of the throttling panels in areas B, C, and D increases to 40%-60%, 60%-70%, and 70%-80%, respectively.

[0170] This embodiment is a "tri-supply" system that integrates cooling, heating and hot water supply functions.

[0171] This embodiment of the combined heat and power system consists of a heat pump unit 1 connected to a heat exchanger 4 (fluorine-water heat exchanger), a buffer tank 32, an air conditioning indoor unit 5 (ceiling-mounted indoor unit), an indoor heating module 6 (indoor floor radiant module), a hot water tank 2, pumps, valves and connecting pipes 31, and a control system.

[0172] In this embodiment, the refrigerant circuit of the heat pump host 1 and the system water circuit achieve heat transfer through the heat exchanger 4 (refrigerant-water heat exchanger) inside the heat pump host 1, and output cold / hot water to the indoor space. In summer, cold water is delivered to the indoor air conditioning unit 5 (fan coil) to achieve cooling, and in winter, hot water is delivered to the indoor fan coil to achieve heating. The refrigerant-water heat exchanger can be one of a plate heat exchanger, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, or a shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

[0173] In this embodiment, a hot water tank 2 is set up, and a spiral tube water-to-water heat exchanger is installed in the hot water tank 2. The hot water (primary hot water) output by the fluorine water heat exchanger of the heat pump host 1 is used to heat domestic hot water (secondary hot water) in the water-to-water heat exchanger in the tank.

[0174] In this embodiment, the external heat exchanger 15 is a metal tube V-finned tube heat exchanger, which fully implements an asymmetric design.

[0175] ① The air inlet chamber and negative pressure chamber of the external heat exchanger are designed asymmetrically. The head of the outer finned tube (the tip of the V-shape) of the metal tube V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger is close to the outer side plate, and the main air inlet area of ​​the main air inlet is allocated to the inner finned tube. The air inlet air of the outer finned tube comes not only from the main air inlet, but also from the make-up air strip slot set on the outer side plate.

[0176] ② The straight tubes of the two finned tube heat exchangers that make up the metal tube V-shaped external heat exchanger assembly can be of different lengths. The front (outer) flat finned tube can extend into the airflow vortex chamber and into the middle of the fan air intake.

[0177] ③ In this embodiment, the thickness of the reduced exhaust chamber is approximately the same as the thickness of the centrifugal fan impeller outlet, rather than the thickness of the entire fan. The fan intake and air guide panel move forward into the negative pressure chamber, i.e., the air vortex chamber, forming a misaligned arrangement.

[0178] In this embodiment, the heat pump host refrigerant circuit and the system water circuit transfer heat through the refrigerant-water heat exchanger inside the heat pump host, providing three main functions: indoor cooling, heating, and production of domestic hot water. ① In summer, cold water is delivered to the indoor fan coil units to achieve cooling; ② In winter, hot water is delivered to the indoor fan coil units to achieve heating; ③ The hot water output from the heat pump host refrigerant-water heat exchanger (primary hot water) is heated in the water-to-water heat exchanger in the water tank to produce domestic hot water (secondary hot water).

[0179] In this embodiment, when the heat pump host heat exchanger is running, the outer side of the metal tube V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger receives air, and the corresponding inner side receives air. The airflow lines entering the fin gaps intersect the plane where the fins are located at obtuse angles. The fins "obliquely cut" the airflow lines with a speed of about 4 m / s. Furthermore, a large number of fin planers on the finned tubes progressively plan the airflow lines. Each planed "shaving" airflow is then stuffed into a corresponding fin gap to achieve a "low-speed air distribution" of about 1.5 m / s in the fin gaps. When the airflow lines leave the fin gaps after heat exchange, they are once again "obliquely cut" by the long side of the fins, and after turning, they enter the centrifugal fan intake.

[0180] In this embodiment, the total airflow resistance of the external heat exchanger includes friction resistance and local resistance. Local resistance includes the resistance caused by the narrowing of the air inlet cross-section, the resistance caused by the narrowing of the filter mesh, the resistance caused by the bend in the airflow direction between the inlet and outlet fins, the resistance caused by the deceleration and acceleration of the airflow between the inlet and outlet fins, and the resistance caused by the bend in the airflow vortex. In this embodiment, local resistance is the main component of the total airflow resistance.

[0181] This embodiment innovatively adjusts the local resistance of airflow in various areas of the finned tube heat exchanger's outlet section by setting the air inlet position and size on the main unit casing, the airflow inlet and outlet fin gap angle, and the spatial relationship between the casing air inlet, the finned tube heat exchanger, and the fan intake. This generates an outlet airflow of approximately 4 m / s, which inertially impacts the target wall plate, causing the airflow to decelerate, increase pressure, and reorganize in the airflow vortex chamber. As a result, the pressure on the side of the fan away from the air inlet rises to a level close to that on the side adjacent to the air inlet, and the airflow pressure around the fan intake is homogenized. This balances the total resistance of the airflow across the entire airflow section, achieving uniform ventilation and heat exchange in the finned tube heat exchanger while eliminating the aforementioned torque effect on the operating fan, thus achieving a balanced operating state and eliminating the resulting noise, vibration, and asymmetrical bearing wear.

[0182] This embodiment, by employing asymmetric design technology to suit the asymmetric scenario of the equipment platform, significantly reduces the three-dimensional dimensions, floor space, and volume of the heat pump unit compared to Embodiment 1. Simultaneously, it integrates the air conditioning unit and the air source water heater unit, exhibiting distinct characteristics and advantages:

[0183] ① An air supply function for the outer wall of the heat pump unit was developed.

[0184] In this embodiment, the air inlet chamber and negative pressure chamber of the external heat exchanger are designed asymmetrically. The head of the outer finned tube (the tip of the V-shape) of the metal tube V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger is close to the outer side plate, and the main air inlet area of ​​the main air inlet is allocated to the inner finned tube. The airflow of the outer finned tube comes not only from the main air inlet, but also from the make-up air strips set on the outer side plate, thus developing the supplementary ventilation function of the outer wall of the main unit.

[0185] ② Reduced the size of the main unit

[0186] This embodiment not only eliminates the vertical air duct in the prior art, but also implements a staggered design for the two finned tube heat exchangers that make up the metal tube V-shaped external heat exchanger assembly, so that the front (outer) flat plate finned tube can extend into the airflow vortex chamber and overlap to the middle of the fan intake, reducing the length of the main unit.

[0187] In this embodiment, the air intake and air guide panel of the fan are wedged forward into the negative pressure chamber, i.e., the air vortex chamber. The thickness of the exhaust chamber is designed to be approximately the same as the thickness of the centrifugal fan impeller outlet, rather than approximately the same as the thickness of the entire fan. This results in the fan module and the exhaust chamber being misaligned, thus reducing the thickness of the exhaust chamber.

[0188] ③ The equipment platform has been simplified.

[0189] In real-world pre-furnished apartment projects, the installation location of air source heat pump water heater units and water tanks on the equipment platform is often arbitrary, basically squeezed into any available space. Furthermore, it's impossible to address the ventilation issue of the water heater's heat-absorbing evaporator. This phenomenon is exacerbated during cold seasons, where the heat pump unit of the water heater essentially degenerates into a single electric heating element. When residential central air conditioning units and air source heat pump water heaters (including heat pump units and water tanks) are arranged on the residential equipment platform, the independent and dispersed nature of the two systems results in cluttered equipment and an increase in inefficient and ineffective space on the platform.

[0190] This embodiment, as a "tri-supply" system integrating cooling, heating, and hot water functions, makes revolutionary innovations in the structure of the heat pump host and the relationship between the heat pump host and the equipment platform. Furthermore, it integrates the two system hosts into one, greatly simplifying the equipment platform.

[0191] ④ This fundamentally solves the defrosting problem of external heat exchangers.

[0192] This embodiment, as a "tri-generation" system integrating cooling, heating, and hot water supply functions, addresses the critical problem that "the heat pump finned tube external heat exchanger is exposed to a low-temperature environment. During defrosting, not only is a large amount of heat required to melt the frost between the fins, but also a large amount of heat is required to compensate for the heat leakage of the external heat exchanger to the low-temperature environment. In addition, the heat pump device is strictly limited to absorb heat from the indoor space during the low-temperature season, resulting in an unresolved sharp contradiction between the huge heat demand of the heat pump external heat exchanger during defrosting and the tight heat supply." The external heat exchanger is placed in a negative pressure chamber shell with only a small air inlet area to reduce the heat leakage of the high-temperature external heat exchanger to the low-temperature environment during defrosting. Furthermore, a four-way valve is installed to maintain the base water temperature in the water tank at all times during the operation of the heat pump system to store a certain amount of low-temperature heat to meet the needs of the four-way valve reversal and the defrosting of the external heat exchanger.

[0193] In this embodiment, when the finned tube external heat exchanger requires heat for defrosting, the heat pump unit extracts a large amount of heat from the water tank, pressurizes it through the refrigerant circuit, and delivers it to the external heat exchanger, transforming the external heat exchanger into a high-temperature condenser. This quickly melts the frost in the fin gaps, clears the airflow through the fin gaps, and restores the heat absorption capacity of the external heat exchanger. This fundamentally solves the inherent problem of defrosting external heat exchangers in low-temperature seasons in a cost-effective, fast, and efficient manner.

[0194] Example 3

[0195] This embodiment is similar to Embodiment 1, except that the air source heat pump system in this embodiment, in which the heat exchanger outlet direction is orthogonal to the fan intake direction, also includes an indoor air conditioning unit, which is connected to the heat pump host through connecting pipes.

[0196] This embodiment is a direct expansion "tri-supply" system that integrates cooling, heating and hot water supply functions.

[0197] like Figure 18 As shown, this embodiment is a direct expansion tri-generation system, which consists of a heat pump main unit 1, an air conditioner indoor unit 5, a hot water tank 2, pump valves and connecting pipes 31, and a control system.

[0198] In this embodiment, the refrigerant circuit of the heat pump host 1 is connected to the refrigerant circuit of the air conditioner indoor unit 5. In summer, refrigerant liquid is delivered to the air conditioner indoor unit 5 to achieve refrigerant evaporation and cooling, and in winter, high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas is delivered to the air conditioner indoor unit 5 to achieve condensation and heating.

[0199] In this embodiment, a heat exchanger 4 (fluorine-water heat exchanger), such as a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, is installed in the pipeline before the hot water tank 2. The heat pump host 1 delivers high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas to the shell-and-tube heat exchanger through staggered operation and other methods, which condenses and releases heat. The heat is then delivered to the hot water tank 2 through the shell-and-tube heat exchanger to heat domestic and industrial hot water, resulting in a higher energy efficiency ratio.

[0200] Example 4

[0201] This embodiment shares the same technical principles and approaches as Embodiments 1 / 2 / 3, all adhering to the concept of airflow coupling and energy coupling between the external heat exchanger of the heat pump unit and the exterior decorative structure of the equipment platform. It insists on the technology of internalizing and making the inlet and outlet air ducts of the external heat exchanger of the heat pump unit visible, and employing a zigzag-shaped external heat exchanger technology with ultra-high specific volume heat transfer intensity through the fin planer's stepped planing of the inlet airflow and the implementation of decelerated air distribution. It aims to reduce the structure and volume of the inlet and outlet air ducts of the external heat exchanger built into the heat pump unit. By orthogonally setting the outlet airflow direction of the heat exchanger to the inlet airflow direction of the heat pump unit's fan, an airflow vortex chamber is constructed between the outlet airflow of the heat exchanger and the inlet airflow of the fan, transforming this airflow vortex chamber into a buffer, adjustment, homogenization, and reorganization chamber for the outlet airflow of the external heat exchanger. By setting the airflow vortex chamber and adjusting the spatial relationship between the inlet air cavity, negative pressure cavity, and exhaust air cavity, the vertical exhaust air cavity of the heat pump unit in the background technology is eliminated, reducing the longitudinal depth of the heat pump unit and further reducing the thickness of the unit, thus constructing an ultra-thin wall-mounted heat pump unit.

[0202] like Figure 19-22 As shown, the air source heat pump system in this embodiment differs from that in embodiment 1 in that the air source heat pump system in this embodiment, in which the air outlet direction of the external heat exchanger 15 is orthogonal to the air intake direction of the fan 17, also includes an air conditioning indoor unit 5, which is connected to the heat pump host 1 via a connecting pipe 3.

[0203] The heat pump unit 1 includes two sets of refrigerant circulation systems installed in the housing 11. Each refrigerant circulation system includes an external heat exchanger 15 and a compressor 141. The two sets of refrigerant circulation systems share an external heat exchanger 15 and a negative pressure chamber 12.

[0204] In this embodiment, the external heat exchanger 15 has a metal tube 151 inserted in a direction perpendicular to the fin plate 152; three sets of metal tube groups inserted in the fin plate 151 are arranged in parallel side by side along the short side of the fin plate 152; the metal tubes 151 in the metal tube groups are arranged along the long side of the fin plate 152.

[0205] The metal tube assemblies are arranged side by side and connected to compressors 141 with different refrigerant circulation systems; the finned plates 152 between each metal tube assembly are continuous and complete, forming fin thermal bridges in the lateral and vertical directions of the finned plates 152.

[0206] The finned plate 152 includes three sets of metal pipe assemblies for the air conditioning system, and the metal pipe assembly for the hot water tank 2 is located between two adjacent sets of metal pipe assemblies for the indoor air conditioning unit 5.

[0207] This embodiment uses a three-row metal tube V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger assembly. The middle row of metal tubes and the two side rows of metal tubes in the external heat exchanger assembly are respectively connected to the refrigerant pipelines of the heat pump water heater and the air conditioner heat pump, and each independently serves the heat pump water heater and the air conditioner heat pump.

[0208] In this embodiment, the refrigerant piping of the air conditioning heat pump unit and the heat pump water heater is run through the same fin assembly, forming an external heat exchanger assembly including two sets of refrigerant lines, and sharing a set of fan ducts; the air conditioning heat pump system and the heat pump water heater system can operate in parallel or independently.

[0209] In this embodiment, the heat pump water heater system utilizes the heat transfer area of ​​the fins near the inner and outer pipes of the air conditioning heat pump system in the middle of the finned plate assembly, thereby significantly improving the cooling energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump water heater system when operating independently. During spring and autumn, when the heat pump system is essentially shut down, the evaporator of the heat pump water heater can utilize the fins of the external heat exchanger to significantly expand its effective heat absorption area, greatly improving the heating energy efficiency ratio. In summer, while the heat pump provides cooling, the heat pump water heater provides heating in the opposite phase. In the heat pump main unit integrated with the external heat exchanger assembly, the evaporator of the heat pump water heater directly absorbs the condensation heat of the heat pump condenser through the finned thermal bridge, resulting in an even higher heating energy efficiency ratio.

[0210] This embodiment achieves another significant technical effect by employing a three-row metal tube V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger assembly, with the middle row of pipes and the two side rows of pipes of the external heat exchanger assembly respectively connected to the refrigerant pipes of the heat pump water heater and the air conditioning unit:

[0211] ① Ultra-high energy efficiency ratio

[0212] In this embodiment, because the heat pump system and the heat pump water heater system use the longitudinal and transverse thermal bridges of the same set of fins to independently operate, they can utilize the heat transfer area of ​​the fins near each other's pipes, thereby greatly expanding the heat transfer area and achieving an ultra-high energy efficiency ratio.

[0213] With the evolution of lifestyles and hygiene habits, the demand for hot water for household bathing, cooking, and washing has been continuously increasing. This embodiment significantly improves the energy efficiency ratio of heat pump water heater systems and air conditioning systems, which is of great technical significance.

[0214] ② Solve the problem of evaporator defrosting in winter

[0215] When heat pump air conditioners and heat pump water heaters operate in low-temperature environments during winter, the external heat exchanger, which acts as the evaporator, frosts up and blocks the gaps between the evaporator fins, hindering the evaporator's ventilation and heat absorption. The lower the temperature and the higher the humidity, the more severe the frost problem becomes. The heat pump unit frequently reverses to perform defrosting operation, stopping the heating function and affecting the thermal comfort of the building's interior space. It also needs to extract heat from the interior space or consume a large amount of electrical energy, which is why heat pumps are heavily criticized.

[0216] This embodiment can extract some heat from the hot water in the tank by reversing the operation of the heat pump water heater to melt the frost on the evaporator of the heat pump water heater and the air conditioner evaporator. Furthermore, this embodiment uses a zigzag-shaped external heat exchanger with finned planers to plan the airflow in stages and implement deceleration air distribution, which has the characteristics of ultra-high specific volume heat transfer intensity. The volume of the external heat exchanger assembly is very small and it is also covered by the outer shell. The heat loss of the evaporator to the environment during the defrosting process is very small, and the defrosting efficiency is extremely high, which solves the inherent technical problems of heat pump systems.

[0217] Example 5

[0218] The air-source heat pump system in this embodiment, with the heat exchanger outlet direction orthogonal to the fan intake direction, shares the same technical principle and approach as embodiments 1-4. Both systems adhere to the concept of airflow coupling and energy coupling between the external heat exchanger of the heat pump unit and the exterior decorative structure of the equipment platform. They maintain the technology of internalizing and making the external heat exchanger's inlet and outlet ducts visible, and employing a zigzag-shaped external heat exchanger technology that uses fin planers to progressively plan the airflow and implement deceleration and air distribution. This approach aims to reduce the structure and volume of the internal external heat exchanger's inlet and outlet ducts. By orthogonally aligning the heat exchanger outlet direction with the fan intake direction, an airflow vortex is constructed between the heat exchanger outlet and the fan intake, transforming this vortex into a buffer, adjustment, homogenization, and reorganization chamber for the external heat exchanger's outlet airflow. By setting up the airflow vortex and adjusting the spatial relationship between the inlet negative pressure chamber and the exhaust chamber, the longitudinal depth of the heat pump unit is reduced, and the thickness of the heat pump unit is further reduced, resulting in an ultra-thin wall-mounted heat pump unit.

[0219] like Figure 23-26 As shown, the air source heat pump system of this embodiment, in which the heat exchanger outlet direction and the fan intake direction are orthogonal, differs from that of Embodiment 2 in that the exhaust port 131 of the exhaust chamber 13 is located on the second back plate 132 of the exhaust chamber, which is opposite to the air inlet of the exhaust chamber 13 (i.e., the air intake of the fan 17), and is configured as a small-area horizontal strip exhaust port; the small-area strip exhaust port is located at the bottom of the second back plate 132 of the exhaust chamber.

[0220] The small area indicates that the area of ​​the exhaust vent is 10% to 30% of the area of ​​the second back panel 132.

[0221] The compressor chamber 14 is located on the outer side 122 of the first back plate of the negative pressure chamber 12. That is, the compressor chamber 14 and the negative pressure chamber 12 are arranged side by side on the outer side of the same side plate of the exhaust chamber 13.

[0222] In another specific embodiment, a small-area exhaust vent is located in the upper middle part of the second back plate 132, and the small-area exhaust vent is a rectangular or diamond-shaped exhaust vent.

[0223] In another specific embodiment, a small-area exhaust vent is located in the horizontal middle of the second back plate 132, and the small-area exhaust vent is a vertical strip-shaped exhaust vent.

[0224] In this embodiment, the application scenario of the heat pump host 1 is an equipment platform with a decorative structure on the exterior. The main decorative structure of the equipment platform's exterior has both shielding and transparency. It can be a metal column group, a louver, a decorative surface with a garden gate, a classical entrance door, or a landscape painting as the core, or a decorative surface with narrow strip decorative panels staggered front and back to leave a longitudinal gap between the panels as an air inlet, etc. The lower edge of the main decorative structure has a strip-shaped exhaust port such as a wire mesh structure, which is compatible with the low-position strip-shaped exhaust port of the heat pump host 1.

[0225] Example 6

[0226] The fundamental changes in the application scenarios of heat pump units now call for innovation in the structure of the heat pump unit itself and the spatial relationship between the heat pump unit and the equipment platform:

[0227] First, driven by the housing and construction department's policy that "the area of ​​the equipment platform is not included in the floor area ratio," the accessibility of the independent equipment platform of the "multi-in-one" heat pump host with multiple units connected to multiple systems has been effectively implemented. Its potential to reduce noise radiation range and create a simple and elegant interior and exterior decoration will be fully explored, and it will replace the single-unit room heat pump and become the mainstream product in the heat pump market.

[0228] Secondly, the traditional side-discharge multi-split heat pump unit enters the equipment platform from the exterior wall of the building. The air inlet and outlet of the external heat exchanger faces unprecedentedly severe spatial constraints due to the equipment platform's "floor below, ceiling above, wall behind, and louvers in front". With the side-discharge heat pump unit facing the louvers, the exhaust static pressure increases, the air volume decreases, and some of the reduced air volume is short-circuited backflow, resulting in a serious degradation of heat pump performance.

[0229] Constructing a high-quality equipment platform requires innovation in the structure of the heat pump unit itself, innovation in the exterior structure of the equipment platform, and innovation in the spatial relationship between the heat pump unit and the exterior of the equipment platform.

[0230] like Figure 27-28 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides an equipment platform, which is usually located on the north side of the building, preferably on the north side of the public restroom to reduce the occupation of the building's open space, and is connected to the north-side living balcony to fundamentally solve the accessibility problem of the equipment platform.

[0231] In this embodiment, the vertical strip exhaust vent of the heat pump host 1 corresponds to the vertical strip metal mesh and vertical metal column group reserved on the side of the outer facade of the equipment platform; the main decorative mechanism of the outer facade of the equipment platform can be a strip decorative panel with staggered front and rear, leaving a longitudinal gap between the panels as an air inlet; it can also be a metal column group, or a louver, or a garden gate, a classical entrance door, a landscape painting, etc.; this embodiment adopts a louver decorative mechanism.

[0232] A device platform is equipped with the air source heat pump system described in any of the embodiments 1-4 above.

[0233] The equipment platform has vertical strip exhaust vents on both sides of its exterior facade, and the exterior facade also has a main decorative structure 7; the vertical strip exhaust vent of the heat pump unit 1 points to the vertical strip exhaust vent on one side of the exterior facade.

[0234] The vertical strip exhaust vents on the exterior of the equipment platform include metal mesh 8 and / or metal column groups;

[0235] The main decorative structure 7 of the equipment platform facade includes metal column groups, louvers and / or ventilation structures with garden gates, classical entrance doors, and landscape painting designs, as well as ventilation structures with narrow strip decorative panels staggered front and back to leave longitudinal gaps between the panels.

[0236] In another specific embodiment, a heat pump host 1 of embodiment 5 is set on an equipment platform. A small rectangular, rhomboid or vertical strip exhaust port is set in the middle or lower middle part of the outer facade of the equipment platform. The outer facade is also set with a main decorative structure 7. The small rectangular, rhomboid or vertical strip exhaust port on the second back plate 132 of the exhaust cavity faces the small rectangular, rhomboid or vertical strip exhaust port in the middle or lower middle part of the outer facade.

[0237] The small-area exhaust vents on the exterior facade include metal mesh 8, metal column groups and / or openwork structural patterns; the main decorative structure 7 includes metal column groups, louvers and / or ventilation structures with garden gates, classical entrance doors, landscape painting designs, and ventilation structures with narrow strip decorative panels staggered front and back to leave longitudinal gaps between the panels.

[0238] In another specific embodiment, a horizontal strip exhaust vent is provided at the bottom of the outer facade of the equipment platform, and a main decorative structure 7 is also provided on the outer facade; the exhaust vent of the heat pump host 1 faces the horizontal strip exhaust vent at the bottom of the outer facade.

[0239] The horizontal strip-shaped exhaust vents on the exterior facade include metal mesh and / or metal column assemblies;

[0240] The main decorative structure 7 includes metal column groups, louvers and / or ventilation structures with garden gates, classical entrance doors, and landscape painting designs, as well as ventilation structures with narrow strip decorative panels staggered front and back to leave longitudinal gaps between the panels.

[0241] In this embodiment, the heat pump host 1 is installed on the equipment platform facing away from the outer facade of the equipment platform, so that the horizontal strip exhaust port on the back panel of the exhaust cavity is aligned with the strip exhaust port reserved below the main decorative structure of the outer facade.

[0242] In this embodiment, since both the heat pump host 1 and the outer facade of the equipment platform adopt horizontal strip-shaped exhaust vents, the symmetrical design of the vertical strip-shaped exhaust vents on both sides is not required in the scenario of vertical strip-shaped exhaust vents. The exhaust vents can be set as a single exhaust vent on the lower side of the facade, with a smaller proportion of the exhaust vents on the facade and better continuity of the main decorative structure of the facade. Furthermore, since the exhaust vents are set close to the upper edge of the equipment platform's sill and are away from the main air intake area of ​​the facade, the risk of short circuit in the exhaust of the heat pump host 1 is greatly reduced.

[0243] In this embodiment, when the integrated air conditioning unit, air source heat pump, and water heater unit of a certain equipment platform are running, the heat pump unit's external heat exchanger intake draws in fresh air, making the louvers (ventilated exterior facade) corresponding to the heat pump unit's intake air area the heat pump unit's air intake zone, while the metal mesh on the exterior facade corresponding to the heat pump unit's vertical strip air outlet area constitutes the exhaust air area. The air intake and exhaust air areas are separated from each other, blocking the possibility of short-circuiting exhaust air from the heat pump unit. Furthermore, based on the equipment platform's exterior facade, the exhaust air outlet area of ​​the heat pump unit's external heat exchanger on the exterior facade in this embodiment is very small, significantly smaller than the area of ​​the louvers on the exterior facade that constitute the air intake zone. The airflow in the louver area has extremely low wind speed and very little resistance when passing through the louvers, while the exhaust airflow, after passing through the metal mesh on the side of the louvers, is injected into the ambient atmosphere at a small angle, resulting in high speed, long range, and good diffusion and dilution effects. The thermal performance of the heat pump unit on the equipment platform in this embodiment is not reduced compared to laboratory data, and its task as a "heat transporter" is completed with high quality and high efficiency.

[0244] This embodiment of an air conditioning unit combined with an air source heat pump water heater unit eliminates the obstruction of the louvers to the exhaust of the external heat exchanger of the classic heat pump unit, effectively unblocks the air path of the external heat exchanger, and ensures the thermal performance of the heat pump unit, while maintaining the decorative appearance of the louver facade. It achieves a perfect unity between the decorative appearance of the equipment platform facade, the visual effect of the building facade, and the excellent thermal performance of the heat pump unit.

[0245] The advantages of this embodiment of the integrated equipment platform for air conditioning unit, air source heat pump, and water heater are:

[0246] ① Achieve structural coupling, airflow coupling, and energy coupling between the air conditioning unit and the building facade.

[0247] The compact air conditioning unit used in this embodiment, due to its vertical expansion and horizontal compression, can significantly reduce the width of the unit's exhaust vent and minimize the occupation of decorative louvers commonly used on the facade. Only 0.3㎡ of exhaust vent area (1 / 20 of the facade area) is needed to meet the ventilation requirements of the 8HP heat pump unit's external heat exchanger. This maintains the functionality and aesthetics of the louvered building facade in preventing wind and rain from entering the equipment platform, while effectively improving the range and diffusion effect of the heat pump unit's external heat exchanger exhaust air penetrating the equipment platform's facade and entering the ambient atmosphere. Furthermore, it can be wall-mounted on the equipment platform, occupying minimal building surface area and minimizing the impact on the decorative effect of the equipment platform's facade. This facilitates the structural, airflow, and energy coupling between the integrated air conditioning unit and air source water heater unit and the building facade.

[0248] ②Increase the power density of the equipment platform and reduce the footprint of the equipment platform.

[0249] This embodiment employs a zigzag finned tube heat exchanger assembly with ultra-high specific volume heat transfer intensity and an internally integrated external heat exchanger inlet and outlet air duct. This eliminates the need for pre-reserved air duct space around the traditional air conditioning unit and raises the height of the unit to develop unused space at the top of the equipment platform. This effectively reduces the footprint of ineffective and inefficient spaces and ventilation blind spots on the equipment platform, significantly increasing the average cooling and heating power density of the equipment platform and greatly saving equipment platform area under the same cooling and heating load.

[0250] ③ Facilitate heat pump unit inspection and repair

[0251] In this embodiment, the equipment platform is connected to the interior via the living balcony on the north side of the residential building, which fundamentally solves the accessibility problem of the equipment platform. Furthermore, the heat pump host uses a compressor, gas-liquid separator, four-way valve, expansion valve, electrical box, fan and other refrigerant circuit components, which are centrally located in the compressor chamber parallel to the heat exchanger chamber. All the refrigerant circuit and air circuit components of the heat pump host are housed in a cavity with only one detachable outer shell, which facilitates the inspection and maintenance of the heat pump host.

[0252] ④ This fundamentally solves the defrosting problem of heat pump evaporators in winter.

[0253] When heat pump air conditioners and heat pump water heaters are running in low-temperature environments in winter, the external heat exchanger, which acts as the evaporator, frosts up and blocks the gaps between the evaporator fins, hindering the evaporator's ventilation and heat absorption. The lower the temperature and the higher the humidity, the more serious the frost problem becomes. The heat pump unit frequently reverses to perform defrosting operation, stopping the heating function and affecting the thermal comfort of the building's interior space. It also needs to extract heat from the interior space or consume a large amount of electrical energy, which is why heat pumps are often criticized.

[0254] This embodiment utilizes the reverse operation of the heat pump unit in winter to extract some heat from the hot water in the tank, thereby melting the frost on the evaporator of the heat pump unit. Furthermore, this embodiment employs a zigzag-shaped external heat exchanger with finned planers that progressively plan the airflow and implement decelerated air distribution, resulting in an ultra-high specific volume heat transfer intensity. The external heat exchanger assembly is very small and is encased in a shell, minimizing heat loss to the environment from the evaporator (which then acts as a condenser) during defrosting. This results in extremely high defrosting efficiency, solving the inherent technical challenges of heat pump systems.

[0255] Obviously, the above embodiments of this utility model are merely examples for clearly illustrating this utility model, and are not intended to limit the implementation of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. An air-source heat pump system in which the heat exchanger outlet direction is orthogonal to the fan intake direction, characterized in that, The system includes a heat pump unit, a hot water tank, connecting pipes including pump valves and connecting pipes, and a controller; the hot water tank is connected to the heat pump unit through a heat exchanger and connecting pipes; the controller is electrically connected to the heat pump unit, the hot water tank, and the connecting pipes respectively. The heat pump unit includes a housing, a negative pressure chamber, an exhaust chamber, a compressor chamber, an external heat exchanger, a four-way valve, and a fan; The negative pressure chamber and the exhaust chamber are arranged side by side; the compressor chamber is located outside the first back plate of the negative pressure chamber and / or the exhaust chamber; The air intake direction of the fan of the heat pump host is orthogonal or nearly orthogonal to the main air outlet direction of the external heat exchanger, thus creating an airflow vortex chamber between the air outlet of the external heat exchanger and the air intake of the fan in the negative pressure chamber.

2. The air-source heat pump system according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger outlet direction is orthogonal to the fan intake direction, is characterized in that, The exhaust port of the exhaust chamber is located on the third back plate of the exhaust chamber on the same side as the main air inlet of the air inlet chamber of the housing, and the fan in the exhaust chamber is located away from its exhaust port.

3. The air-source heat pump system according to claim 2, wherein the heat exchanger outlet direction is orthogonal to the fan intake direction, is characterized in that, The exhaust port of the exhaust chamber is a vertical strip-shaped exhaust port.

4. The air-source heat pump system according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger outlet direction is orthogonal to the fan suction direction, is characterized in that, The exhaust port of the exhaust chamber is located on the second back plate of the exhaust chamber opposite to the air inlet of the exhaust chamber, and a small area exhaust port is provided.

5. The air-source heat pump system according to claim 4, wherein the heat exchanger outlet direction is orthogonal to the fan suction direction, is characterized in that, The small-area exhaust vent is located at the bottom of the second back panel, and the small-area exhaust vent is a horizontal strip-shaped exhaust vent.

6. The air-source heat pump system according to claim 4, wherein the heat exchanger outlet direction is orthogonal to the fan suction direction, is characterized in that, The small-area exhaust vent is located in the upper middle part of the second back panel, and the small-area exhaust vent is rectangular or diamond-shaped.

7. The air-source heat pump system according to claim 4, wherein the heat exchanger outlet direction is orthogonal to the fan suction direction, is characterized in that, The small-area exhaust vent is located in the horizontal center of the second back panel, and the small-area exhaust vent is a vertical strip-shaped exhaust vent.

8. The air-source heat pump system according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger outlet direction is orthogonal to the fan suction direction, is characterized in that, It also includes an indoor air conditioning unit, which is connected to the heat pump main unit via connecting pipes.

9. The air-source heat pump system according to any one of claims 1 or 8, wherein the heat exchanger outlet direction is orthogonal to the fan suction direction, is characterized in that, It also includes an indoor heating module, which includes a floor radiant module; the indoor heating module is connected to the heat pump host through connecting pipes to form an air conditioning water heater integrated unit that provides cooling, heating and / or hot water.

10. The air-source heat pump system according to claim 9, wherein the heat exchanger outlet direction is orthogonal to the fan suction direction, is characterized in that, The connecting pipeline also includes a buffer tank, a circulating pump, and valves; The heat pump unit transfers heat by connecting a buffer tank to a circulating pump. The buffer tank is connected to the floor radiant module and / or the indoor unit of the air conditioner via connecting pipes and the circulating pump.

11. The air-source heat pump system according to claim 10, wherein the heat exchanger outlet direction is orthogonal to the fan suction direction, is characterized in that, The hot water tank is connected to the pipeline between the heat pump unit and the buffer tank via connecting pipes and valves.

12. The air-source heat pump system according to claim 10, wherein the heat exchanger outlet direction is orthogonal to the fan suction direction, is characterized in that, The heat exchanger is located inside the hot water tank and / or on the pipeline connecting the heat pump unit and the buffer tank; the heat exchanger includes a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, or a plate heat exchanger.

13. The air-source heat pump system according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger outlet direction is orthogonal to the fan intake direction, is characterized in that, The heat pump host includes at least two sets of refrigerant circulation systems disposed within the housing. Each refrigerant circulation system includes an external heat exchanger and a compressor. The at least two sets of refrigerant circulation systems share an external heat exchanger air duct and a negative pressure chamber.

14. The air-source heat pump system according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger outlet direction is orthogonal to the fan suction direction, is characterized in that, The fan is a centrifugal fan.

15. The air-source heat pump system according to claim 14, wherein the heat exchanger outlet direction is orthogonal to the fan suction direction, is characterized in that, The centrifugal fan is a backward centrifugal fan; the area of ​​the exhaust surface on the outer periphery of the fan impeller is 2 to 8 times the area of ​​the fan's intake port.

16. The air-source heat pump system according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger outlet direction is orthogonal to the fan suction direction, is characterized in that, The external heat exchanger is located in the air inlet cavity of the shell; The external heat exchanger consists of a metal tube and finned plates sleeved on the metal tube; several parallel finned plates with a certain distance between them form a fin group. The metal pipe is a metal pipeline that carries refrigerant transport and heat exchange, and is selected from any one of copper pipe, aluminum pipe, iron pipe, titanium pipe, stainless steel pipe, and alloy pipe; The external heat exchanger includes a metal tube type I finned tube heat exchanger, a metal tube type L finned tube heat exchanger, and a metal tube type M finned tube heat exchanger, a metal tube type N finned tube heat exchanger, and a metal tube type V finned tube heat exchanger, which are composed of metal tube type I finned tube heat exchangers.

17. The air-source heat pump system according to claim 16, wherein the heat exchanger outlet direction is orthogonal to the fan suction direction, is characterized in that, The metal tube V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger is an asymmetrical metal tube V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger with unequal lengths on both sides, consisting of two metal tube I-shaped finned tube heat exchangers of different lengths. Among them, the longer metal tube type I finned tube heat exchanger is located near the outer side plate of the shell; the shorter metal tube type I finned tube heat exchanger is located near the side plate of the exhaust cavity.

18. The air-source heat pump system according to claim 16, wherein the heat exchanger outlet direction is orthogonal to the fan suction direction, is characterized in that, The external heat exchanger has metal tubes inserted in a direction perpendicular to the finned plate; at least two sets of metal tube groups are arranged in parallel side by side along the short side of the finned plate; the metal tubes in the metal tube groups are arranged along the long side of the finned plate.

19. The air-source heat pump system according to claim 18, wherein the heat exchanger outlet direction is orthogonal to the fan suction direction, is characterized in that, The metal tube assemblies are arranged side by side and connected to the compressors of different refrigerant circulation systems; the fin plates between each metal tube assembly are continuous and complete, forming fin thermal bridges in the horizontal and vertical directions of the fin plates.

20. The air-source heat pump system according to claim 19, wherein the heat exchanger outlet direction is orthogonal to the fan suction direction, is characterized in that, The finned plate includes three sets of metal pipe assemblies for the air conditioning system, with the metal pipe assembly for the hot water tank located between adjacent metal pipe assemblies for the indoor air conditioning unit.

21. The air-source heat pump system according to claim 17, wherein the heat exchanger outlet direction is orthogonal to the fan suction direction, is characterized in that, The air inlet cavity of the shell is also provided with an air supply strip; the air supply strip is located on the outer side plate of the shell near the long metal tube I-type finned tube heat exchanger.

22. The air-source heat pump system according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger outlet direction is orthogonal to the fan suction direction, is characterized in that, The air intake and air guide panel of the fan are wedged into the negative pressure chamber, and part of the space of the compressor chamber is wedged into the negative pressure chamber.

23. The air-source heat pump system according to claim 16, wherein the heat exchanger outlet direction is orthogonal to the fan suction direction, is characterized in that, One side of the external heat exchanger is close to the main air inlet. The metal tube type I finned tube heat exchanger is located in the air inlet cavity of the shell and forms a certain angle α with the main air inlet surface of the air inlet cavity of the shell.

24. The air-source heat pump system according to claim 23, wherein the heat exchanger outlet direction is orthogonal to the fan suction direction, is characterized in that, The included angle α is 15°-70°.

25. The air-source heat pump system according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger outlet direction is orthogonal to the fan suction direction, is characterized in that, The air inlet cavity of the housing is further provided with a second air inlet; a throttling panel is provided at the second air inlet; The throttling panel has regions with different throttling resistances: The A region, which is closest to the fan intake and has the smallest airflow turning angle, has a throttling panel with a permeability of 20%-40% and the largest throttling resistance. As the distance between the heat exchange area on the finned tube heat exchanger and the fan intake gradually increases, and the airflow turning angle increases, the permeability of the throttling panel in the corresponding section increases accordingly. The permeability of the throttling panels in regions B, C, and D increases to 40%-60%, 60%-70%, and 70%-80%, respectively.

26. A device platform, characterized in that, The equipment platform is equipped with the air source heat pump system as described in any one of claims 1-25.

27. The device platform according to claim 26, characterized in that, The equipment platform has a vertical strip exhaust vent on at least one side of its exterior facade, and the exterior facade also has a main decorative structure; the vertical strip exhaust vent on the third back plate of the exhaust cavity faces the vertical strip exhaust vent on one side of the exterior facade.

28. The device platform according to claim 27, characterized in that, The vertical strip exhaust vent of the equipment platform includes a metal mesh and / or a group of metal columns; The main decorative structure of the equipment platform includes metal column groups, louvers and / or ventilation structures with garden gates, classical entrance doors, and landscape painting designs, as well as ventilation structures with narrow strip decorative panels staggered front and back to leave longitudinal gaps between the panels.

29. The device platform according to claim 26, characterized in that, The equipment platform has small rectangular, rhomboid, or vertical strip exhaust vents in the middle or lower part of its exterior facade, and the exterior facade also has a main decorative structure; the small rectangular, rhomboid, or vertical strip exhaust vents on the second back plate of the exhaust cavity face the small rectangular, rhomboid, or vertical strip exhaust vents in the middle or lower part of the exterior facade.

30. The device platform according to claim 29, characterized in that, The small-area ventilation openings on the exterior facade include metal mesh, metal column groups, and / or hollowed-out structural patterns. The main decorative structure includes metal column groups, louvers and / or ventilation structures with garden gates, classical entrance doors, and landscape painting designs, as well as ventilation structures with narrow strip decorative panels staggered front and back to leave longitudinal gaps between the panels.

31. The device platform according to claim 26, characterized in that, The equipment platform has a horizontal strip-shaped exhaust vent at the bottom of its exterior facade, and the exterior facade also has a main decorative structure; the exhaust vent on the second back plate of the exhaust cavity faces the horizontal strip-shaped exhaust vent at the bottom of the exterior facade.

32. The device platform according to claim 31, characterized in that, The horizontal strip-shaped exhaust vents on the exterior facade are provided with metal mesh and / or metal column groups; The main decorative structure includes metal column groups, louvers and / or ventilation structures with garden gates, classical entrance doors, and landscape painting designs, as well as ventilation structures with narrow strip decorative panels staggered front and back to leave longitudinal gaps between the panels.

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