Device for detecting defects of PCB (Printed Circuit Board)

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of circuit board detection equipment, and discloses a device for detecting PCB (printed circuit board) defects, which comprises a case, a main control panel fixedly connected to the front side of the case, a rack fixedly connected to the case, two guide shafts fixedly connected between the rack and the case, and a first sliding plate slidably connected between the two guide shafts. The rear side of the first sliding plate is fixedly connected with a pressing rod, the front side of the rack is fixedly connected with a first pressure actuator, and the output end of the first pressure actuator is fixedly connected with the first sliding plate. PCB detection and USB interface detection are integrated, an independent detection step is omitted, the production detection efficiency is remarkably improved, meanwhile, through a linkage structure of the pressing rod, the sliding groove box and the gear, mechanical limiting of the detection process is achieved, it is ensured that the probe plate is lifted after the USB detection plug is pulled out, and the detection efficiency is improved. The situation that the USB interface of the PCB is dislocated, stressed and broken due to the fact that the operation sequence of the first sliding plate and the second sliding plate is wrong is effectively avoided, and therefore the board to be tested is protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of circuit board testing equipment technology, and in particular to a device for detecting defects in PCB boards. Background Technology

[0002] PCB board test fixtures are specialized, customized fixtures used in electronics manufacturing to test the electrical performance of printed circuit boards and assembly boards and to identify production defects. They are also often referred to as test jigs.

[0003] The core of a PCB board test fixture consists of a bed of needles, a positioning device, a pressing mechanism, and an interface board. The probes precisely align with preset test points on the PCB, and the pressing mechanism provides stable contact force. By applying signals and collecting data through external testing instruments, it can quickly determine whether the circuit board has problems such as short circuits, open circuits, poor soldering, incorrect component mounting, or parameter deviations. For example, the existing Chinese utility model patent with publication number CN208780785U, "A Universal PCB Micro-adjustment Test Fixture Device," moves the pressure rod downward, causing the horizontal plate to move the test needle downward to contact the PCB board to be tested. When the PCB board is thick, after the test needle contacts the PCB board, it pushes the base plate, causing the secondary telescopic rod to compress the first spring, preventing the PCB board from being damaged due to excessive pressure from the test needle. Although this application makes improvements on the existing technical solution, when testing some PCB boards, such as those with USB interfaces, it is not possible to simultaneously test the USB interface on the PCB board, which requires separate testing later, thus reducing the testing efficiency of the PCB board. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device for detecting defects in PCB boards, which can simultaneously perform electrical performance and USB interface testing on the PCB board without the need for separate subsequent operations, greatly improving testing efficiency. Furthermore, through mechanical structure linkage and limiting, it can prevent interface misalignment and breakage, ensuring testing safety and the integrity of the PCB board, and effectively solving the problems in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0006] A device for detecting defects in PCB boards includes a chassis, a main control panel fixedly connected to the front of the chassis, a frame fixedly connected to the chassis, two guide shafts fixedly connected between the frame and the chassis, a first slide plate slidably connected between the two guide shafts, a pressure rod fixedly connected to the rear of the first slide plate, a first pressure actuator fixedly connected to the front of the frame, the output end of the first pressure actuator being fixedly connected to the first slide plate, a probe plate fixedly connected to the lower end of the first slide plate, a plurality of probes being inserted and connected within the probe plate, and the chassis located below the probe plate. A tray is movably connected, and several positioning slots are provided on the top of the tray. Several probe plates are also fixedly connected inside the chassis located below the tray. A second slide plate is movably connected to the chassis located in front of the tray, and several mounting seats are fixedly connected to the second slide plate. A USB detection plug is fixedly connected to the rear side of the mounting seats. A mounting slot box is fixedly connected in the middle of the chassis located below the tray. A sliding slot box is movably connected inside the mounting slot box. A gear is rotatably connected inside the mounting slot box located in front of the sliding slot box. A limit plate is fixedly connected to the front side of the gear.

[0007] As a further preferred embodiment of this utility model, one end of the probe and one end of the USB detection plug are electrically connected to the main control module in the main control panel via leads.

[0008] As a further preferred embodiment of this utility model, two guide rails are symmetrically fixedly connected to the chassis, and sliders are slidably connected to the guide rails. The second slide plate is fixedly connected to the two sliders. A second pressure actuator is fixedly connected to the chassis located between the two guide rails. The output end of the second pressure actuator is fixedly connected to the second slide plate, so that the second pressure actuator can be manually operated to push the second slide plate to move horizontally on the chassis. Then, in conjunction with the mounting base, the USB detection plug is inserted into the USB interface of the PCB board for detection.

[0009] As a further preferred embodiment of this utility model, a limiting rod is fixedly connected to the rear side of the top of the second slide plate. The rear side of the limiting rod passes through the through groove in the tray and extends to the rear side of the tray, thereby providing conditions for the upward limiting of the first slide plate in the later stage.

[0010] As a further preferred embodiment of this utility model, two slide rails are provided on both sides of the mounting box, and a partition is fixedly connected inside the mounting box located between the sliding box and the gear.

[0011] As a further preferred embodiment of this utility model, a toothed rod is fixedly connected to the front side of the sliding groove box, and the front side of the sliding groove box passes through the partition and meshes with the gear. A compression spring is fitted on the toothed rod located between the sliding groove box and the partition, thereby providing thrust for the reset of the sliding groove box. The rear side of the sliding groove box has a sloping structure.

[0012] As a further preferred embodiment of this utility model, several bearings are rotatably connected to both sides of the sliding groove box, and the bearings also roll in the corresponding slide rails.

[0013] As a further preferred embodiment of this utility model, a limiting groove is provided on the front side of the pressure rod, and a wheel frame is fixedly connected to the lower end of the pressure rod. Both sides of the wheel frame are rotatably connected to abutment wheels. When the first pressure actuator presses down the first sliding plate and the probe plate so that the lower end of the probe abuts against the PCB board for detection, the positioning post at the lower end of the probe plate will simultaneously press down and move the support plate, so that the upper end of the probe on the chassis passes through the probe hole in the support plate and abuts against the contact point at the lower end of the PCB board. Simultaneously, the first sliding plate will drive the wheel frame to press down through the limiting groove. Thus, the wheel frame, with the help of the abutment wheels on both sides, abuts against the slope on the rear side of the mounting box and pushes the sliding box forward. Therefore, the sliding box pushes the teeth... The lever rotates the gear, causing the gear to adjust the limiting plate from a vertical to a horizontal position, thus limiting the movement of the second slide plate towards the support plate. The second pressure actuator then pushes the second slide plate, causing it to insert the USB detection plug into the USB interface on the PCB board via the mounting base. Simultaneously, the second slide plate pushes the rear of the limiting rod into the limiting groove, restricting the vertical movement of the pressure rod. Therefore, after the test is completed, the USB detection plug must be unplugged before the first slide plate and probe plate can be moved up. This prevents the USB interface and USB detection plug on the PCB board from misaligning and breaking due to the support plate being raised after the probe plate is raised.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] In this invention, PCB board inspection and USB interface inspection are integrated into one unit, eliminating separate inspection steps and significantly improving production inspection efficiency. At the same time, the linkage structure of pressure rod, sliding slot box and gear realizes mechanical limit of the inspection process, ensuring that the USB test plug is unplugged before the probe plate is raised, effectively avoiding the situation where the USB interface of the PCB board is misaligned and broken due to force caused by incorrect operation sequence of the first and second slide plates, thereby protecting the board being tested. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of this utility model in its first state;

[0017] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the second state of the main structure of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a first-state sectional view of the main structure of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the main structure of this utility model in a second state.

[0020] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0021] Figure 6 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0022] Figure 7 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0023] Figure 8 for Figure 4 Enlarged view at point D;

[0024] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the mounting slot and sliding slot of this utility model.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Chassis; 2. Main control panel; 3. Frame; 4. Guide shaft; 5. First slide plate; 6. First pressure actuator; 7. Probe plate; 8. Probe; 9. Support plate; 10. Positioning groove; 11. Second slide plate; 12. Mounting base; 13. USB detection plug; 14. Mounting slot box; 15. Sliding slot box; 16. Gear; 17. Limit plate; 18. Pressure rod; 19. Guide rail; 20. Slider; 21. Second pressure actuator; 22. Limit rod; 23. Slide rail; 24. Partition plate; 25. Gear rack; 26. Compression spring; 27. Bearing; 28. Limit groove; 29. ​​Wheel frame; 30. Abutment wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this utility model easier to understand, the present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0027] like Figures 1-9As shown, this utility model provides a device for detecting defects in PCB boards, including a chassis 1. A main control panel 2 is fixedly connected to the front of the chassis 1. A frame 3 is fixedly connected to the chassis 1. Two guide shafts 4 are fixedly connected between the frame 3 and the chassis 1. A first slide plate 5 is slidably connected between the two guide shafts 4. A pressure rod 18 is fixedly connected to the rear of the first slide plate 5. A first pressure actuator 6 is fixedly connected to the front of the frame 3. The output end of the first pressure actuator 6 is fixedly connected to the first slide plate 5. A probe plate 7 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first slide plate 5. Several probes 8 are inserted and connected inside the probe plate 7. The chassis 1 located below the probe plate 7 is movable. A tray 9 is connected, and several positioning slots 10 are opened on the top of the tray 9. Several probe plates 7 are also fixedly connected inside the chassis 1 located below the tray 9. A second slide plate 11 is movably connected to the chassis 1 located in front of the tray 9. Several mounting seats 12 are fixedly connected to the second slide plate 11. A USB detection plug 13 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the mounting seat 12. A mounting slot box 14 is fixedly connected to the middle of the chassis 1 located below the tray 9. A sliding slot box 15 is movably connected inside the mounting slot box 14. A gear 16 is rotatably connected inside the mounting slot box 14 located in front of the sliding slot box 15. A limit plate 17 is fixedly connected to the front side of the gear 16.

[0028] like Figures 1-2 As shown, one end of probe 8 and one end of USB detection plug 13 are electrically connected to the main control module in the main control panel 2 via leads. Two guide rails 19 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the chassis 1. Slider 20 is slidably connected to the guide rails 19. The second slide plate 11 is fixedly connected to the two sliders 20. The second pressure actuator 21 is fixedly connected to the chassis 1 between the two guide rails 19. The output end of the second pressure actuator 21 is fixedly connected to the second slide plate 11, so that the second pressure actuator 21 can be manually operated to push the second slide plate 11 to move horizontally on the chassis 1. Then, in conjunction with the mounting base 12, the USB detection plug 13 is inserted into the USB interface of the PCB board for detection. A limit rod 22 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the top of the second slide plate 11. The rear side of the limit rod 22 passes through the through groove in the tray 9 and extends to the rear side of the tray 9, thus providing conditions for the upward limit of the first slide plate 5 later.

[0029] like Figures 4-9As shown, two slide rails 23 are provided on both sides of the mounting box 14. A partition 24 is fixedly connected inside the mounting box 14 between the sliding box 15 and the gear 16. A gear 25 is fixedly connected to the front side of the sliding box 15. The front side of the sliding box 15 passes through the partition 24 and meshes with the gear 16. A compression spring 26 is fitted on the gear 25 between the sliding box 15 and the partition 24, thereby providing a thrust for the sliding box 15 to reset. The rear side of the sliding box 15 has a sloping structure. Both sides of the sliding box 15 are rotatably connected. Several bearings 27 are connected, and the bearings 27 roll within the corresponding slide rails 23. A limit groove 28 is provided on the front side of the pressure rod 18. A wheel frame 29 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the pressure rod 18. Abutment wheels 30 are rotatably connected to both sides of the wheel frame 29. When the first pressure actuator 6 presses down the first slide plate 5 and the probe plate 7 so that the lower end of the probe 8 abuts against the PCB board for detection, the positioning post at the lower end of the probe plate 7 will simultaneously press down and move the support plate 9, so that the upper end of the probe 8 on the chassis 1 passes through the probe hole in the support plate 9 and abuts against the PCB. At the contact point at the lower end of the plate, the first sliding plate 5 will simultaneously drive the wheel frame 29 to press down through the limiting groove 28. Then, the wheel frame 29, with the help of the abutment wheels 30 on both sides, abuts against the slope on the rear side of the mounting box 14 and pushes the sliding box 15 forward. The sliding box 15 then pushes the rack 25 to rotate the gear 16, causing the gear 16 to drive the limiting plate 17 to adjust from a vertical to a horizontal position, thus limiting the movement of the second sliding plate 11 towards the support plate 9. Therefore, the second pressure actuator 21 can push the second sliding plate 11, thereby... The second slide plate 11 drives the USB detection plug 13 to be inserted into the USB interface of the PCB board for detection via the mounting base 12. At the same time, the second slide plate 11 pushes the rear side of the limiting rod 22 into the limiting groove 28 to restrict the vertical movement of the pressure rod 18. Therefore, after the detection is completed, the USB detection plug 13 must be unplugged before the first slide plate 5 and the probe plate 7 can be moved up. This prevents the USB interface and the USB detection plug 13 on the PCB board from being misaligned and broken due to the lifting of the probe plate 7 and its support plate 9.

[0030] It should be noted that this utility model is a device for detecting defects in PCB boards. In use, the PCB board to be inspected is first placed in the positioning groove 10 of the support plate 9 to prevent displacement of the PCB board during inspection, which would affect the inspection accuracy. Then, the first pressure actuator 6 is manually operated. The first pressure actuator 6 generates driving force to move the first slide plate 5 downwards along the guide shaft 4. Simultaneously, the first slide plate 5 moves the probe plate 7 and pressure rod 18 downwards. During the downward movement of the probe plate 7, several probes 8 inserted inside it gradually approach the PCB board. Finally, one end of probe 8 accurately contacts the preset test point on the PCB board. At the same time, the support plate 9 moves downward synchronously under the pressure of the positioning post at the lower end of probe plate 7, so that the upper end of probe 8 on probe plate 7 located below support plate 9 in chassis 1 passes through the probe hole in support plate 9 and contacts the corresponding contact point at the lower end of PCB board. At this time, probe 8 transmits the collected PCB board electrical signal to the main control module of main control panel 2 through the lead wire. The main control module analyzes and processes the signal to preliminarily determine whether there are electrical defects such as short circuit, open circuit, and poor soldering on PCB board.

[0031] As the first sliding plate 5 moves the pressure rod 18 downward, the abutting wheels 30 on both sides of the lower end wheel frame 29 of the pressure rod 18 gradually contact the slope surface on the rear side of the mounting box 14. As the pressure rod 18 continues to move downward, the abutting wheels 30, guided by the slope surface, push the sliding box 15 forward along the slide rail 23 inside the mounting box 14. When the sliding box 15 moves forward, it drives the rack 25 to move forward synchronously. The rack 25 meshes with the gear 16, driving the gear 16 to rotate. The gear 16 then drives the front limiting plate 17 to rotate from a vertical position to a horizontal position. (Before the pressure rod 18 moves downward and pushes the sliding box 15, the limiting plate 17 is in a vertical position and abuts against the rear side of the second sliding plate 11. The rectangular groove on the rear side of the second sliding plate 11 will insert into the rectangular block on the front side of the limiting plate 17 to form an engagement, thus restricting the second sliding plate 11 from overturning the limiting plate 17, thereby restricting the backward movement of the second sliding plate 11 and preventing the second sliding plate 11 from moving backward and driving the mounting base 12.) (The USB detection plug 13 moves backward and impacts the tray 9, causing damage to the USB detection plug 13). Release the limit on the movement of the second slide plate 11 towards the tray 9. At this time, manually control the second pressure actuator 21. The driving force generated by the second pressure actuator 21 drives the second slide plate 11 to slide along the slider 20 on the guide rail 19 towards the tray 9. The USB detection plug 13 on the rear side of the mounting base 12 on the second slide plate 11 moves synchronously and finally accurately inserts into the USB interface of the PCB board. The USB detection plug 13 transmits the detection signal of the USB interface to the main control module in the main control panel 2 through the lead wire. It is analyzed together with the electrical signal of the PCB board to realize the synchronous detection of the USB interface function and the electrical performance of the PCB board. At the same time, during the sliding process of the second slide plate 11, it drives the limit rod 22 on the rear side of the top to move synchronously and finally inserts into the limit groove 28 on the front side of the pressure rod 18, forming a vertical limit on the pressure rod 18.

[0032] After the test is completed, the second pressure actuator 21 is reversed, causing the second slide plate 11 and the USB test plug 13 to reset. The USB test plug 13 is pulled out of the USB interface on the PCB board. As the second slide plate 11 resets, the limit rod 22 is pulled out from the limit groove 28, releasing the limit on the pressure rod 18. At this time, the reverse operation causes the first slide plate 5, the probe plate 7 and the pressure rod 18 to reset upward. The probe 8 is disengaged from the PCB board, and the support plate 9 also resets. The compression spring 26 mounted on the gear 25 releases its elastic potential energy, pushing the sliding groove box 15 to reset backward. The sliding groove box 15 drives the gear 25 to move in the opposite direction, and the gear 16 rotates in the opposite direction, causing the limit plate 17 to return to a vertical position.

[0033] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for detecting defects in PCB boards, characterized in that: Includes a chassis (1), a main control panel (2) is fixedly connected to the front of the chassis (1), a frame (3) is fixedly connected to the chassis (1), two guide shafts (4) are fixedly connected between the frame (3) and the chassis (1), a first slide plate (5) is slidably connected between the two guide shafts (4), a pressure rod (18) is fixedly connected to the rear of the first slide plate (5), a first pressure actuator (6) is fixedly connected to the front of the frame (3), the output end of the first pressure actuator (6) is fixedly connected to the first slide plate (5), a probe plate (7) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first slide plate (5), a number of probes (8) are inserted and connected inside the probe plate (7), and a tray (9) is movably connected to the chassis (1) located below the probe plate (7). 9) Several positioning slots (10) are provided on the top. Several probe plates (7) are also fixedly connected in the chassis (1) located below the tray (9). A second slide plate (11) is movably connected on the chassis (1) located in front of the tray (9). Several mounting seats (12) are fixedly connected on the second slide plate (11). A USB detection plug (13) is fixedly connected to the rear side of the mounting seat (12). A mounting slot box (14) is fixedly connected in the middle of the chassis (1) located below the tray (9). A sliding slot box (15) is movably connected in the mounting slot box (14). A gear (16) is rotatably connected in the mounting slot box (14) located in front of the sliding slot box (15). A limit plate (17) is fixedly connected to the front side of the gear (16).

2. The device for detecting defects in a PCB board according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the probe (8) and one end of the USB detection plug (13) are electrically connected to the main control module inside the main control panel (2) via leads.

3. The device for detecting defects in a PCB board according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two guide rails (19) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the chassis (1). A slider (20) is slidably connected to the guide rail (19). The second slide plate (11) is fixedly connected to the two sliders (20). A second pressure actuator (21) is fixedly connected to the chassis (1) located between the two guide rails (19). The output end of the second pressure actuator (21) is fixedly connected to the second slide plate (11).

4. The device for detecting defects in a PCB board according to claim 3, characterized in that: A limiting rod (22) is fixedly connected to the rear side of the top of the second slide plate (11). The rear side of the limiting rod (22) passes through the through groove in the tray (9) and extends to the rear side of the tray (9).

5. The device for detecting defects in a PCB board according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two slides (23) are provided on both sides of the mounting slot (14), and a partition (24) is fixedly connected inside the mounting slot (14) located between the sliding slot (15) and the gear (16).

6. The apparatus for detecting defects in a PCB board according to claim 5, characterized in that: A toothed rod (25) is fixedly connected to the front side of the sliding groove box (15). The front side of the sliding groove box (15) passes through the partition (24) and meshes with the gear (16). A compression spring (26) is fitted on the toothed rod (25) located between the sliding groove box (15) and the partition (24). The rear side of the sliding groove box (15) has a sloping structure.

7. The apparatus for detecting defects in a PCB board according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sliding groove box (15) is rotatably connected to several bearings (27) on both sides, and the bearings (27) also roll in the corresponding slide rails (23).

8. The device for detecting defects in a PCB board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure rod (18) has a limit groove (28) on its front side. The lower end of the pressure rod (18) is fixedly connected to a wheel frame (29). Both sides of the wheel frame (29) are rotatably connected to abutment wheels (30).

Images